Frederick IV, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg
Encyclopedia
Frederik IV Ernst Otto Philip Anton Furnibert (Paris
, 14 December 1789 – Brussels
, 14 August 1859) was prince
of Salm-Kyrburg
, Ahaus
and Bocholt
from 1794 to 1813. He was the son and successor to Frederick III
and his wife Johanna Franciska of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
. He initially had two elder brothers and one younger sister, but all three of these died young.
His mother died in 1790 at the Schloss Kirn and his father was guillotine
d in Paris on 25 July 1794, and during his minority his guardian was his aunt Amalie Zephyrine. On 11 January 1815 he married Cécile Rosalie Prévôt, baroness of Bordeaux
(1783-1866). Their only child was Frederick Ernst Joseph Augustus (1823-1887).
In 1801 the Princedom was removed from the Holy Roman Empire
at the peace of Lunéville, and at 1806 (with Amalie signing as Frederick's guardian and regent) it became a founding member of the Confederation of the Rhine
, gaining protectorship from Napoleon but effectively freedom of action for himself (albeit as a French satellite). In compensation for the loss of the Salm-Kyburg princedom on the left bank of the Rhine, the 1803 German Mediatisation
granted Salm-Kyburg lordship over a third of a part of the secularised lands of the prince bishops of Munster that had previous belonged to the amt
s of Bocholt
and Ahaus
to compensate for his loss in 1801. The other two-thirds were granted to Konstantin Alexander Joseph zu Salm-Salm in compensation for his lost lands on the Rhine. The princes of Salm-Salm
and Salm-Kyrburg reigned over these aforementioned lands as a joint principality, the Principality of Salm
.
On 13 December 1811, Frederick IV and Konstantin Alexander lost Salm entirely to France
, which annexed it outright, and then two years later it was annexed to Prussia
by the Congress of Vienna
, thus ending the princedom of Salm-Kyburg. Frederick IV's descendents, however, retained their titles and the other family territories.
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, 14 December 1789 – Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
, 14 August 1859) was prince
Fürst
Fürst is a German title of nobility, usually translated into English as Prince.The term refers to the head of a principality and is distinguished from the son of a monarch, who is referred to as Prinz...
of Salm-Kyrburg
Salm-Kyrburg
Salm-Kyrburg was a state of the Holy Roman Empire located in present-day Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, one of the various partitions of Salm. It was twice created: the first time as a Wild- and Rhinegraviate , and secondly as a Principality...
, Ahaus
Ahaus
Ahaus is a municipality in the district of Borken in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the border with the Netherlands, lying some 20 km south-east of Enschede....
and Bocholt
Bocholt
There are two towns called Bocholt:* Bocholt, Germany* Bocholt, Belgium...
from 1794 to 1813. He was the son and successor to Frederick III
Frederick III, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg
Frederick III John Otto Francis Christian Philip, prince of Salm-Kyrburg, Hornes and Overijse, Gemen and Count of Solre-le-Château. Frederick was the eldest son of Philip Joseph, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg and Princess Maria Theresa of Hornes. He grew up at the French court...
and his wife Johanna Franciska of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
-Noble jurisdictions:Prince Karl Eitel of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, and descendants of his nephew Ferdinand ruled over the Kingdom of Romania, as Karl Eitel did not have children...
. He initially had two elder brothers and one younger sister, but all three of these died young.
His mother died in 1790 at the Schloss Kirn and his father was guillotine
Guillotine
The guillotine is a device used for carrying out :executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame from which an angled blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the head from the body...
d in Paris on 25 July 1794, and during his minority his guardian was his aunt Amalie Zephyrine. On 11 January 1815 he married Cécile Rosalie Prévôt, baroness of Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
(1783-1866). Their only child was Frederick Ernst Joseph Augustus (1823-1887).
In 1801 the Princedom was removed from the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
at the peace of Lunéville, and at 1806 (with Amalie signing as Frederick's guardian and regent) it became a founding member of the Confederation of the Rhine
Confederation of the Rhine
The Confederation of the Rhine was a confederation of client states of the First French Empire. It was formed initially from 16 German states by Napoleon after he defeated Austria's Francis II and Russia's Alexander I in the Battle of Austerlitz. The Treaty of Pressburg, in effect, led to the...
, gaining protectorship from Napoleon but effectively freedom of action for himself (albeit as a French satellite). In compensation for the loss of the Salm-Kyburg princedom on the left bank of the Rhine, the 1803 German Mediatisation
German Mediatisation
The German Mediatisation was the series of mediatisations and secularisations that occurred in Germany between 1795 and 1814, during the latter part of the era of the French Revolution and then the Napoleonic Era....
granted Salm-Kyburg lordship over a third of a part of the secularised lands of the prince bishops of Munster that had previous belonged to the amt
Amt (subnational entity)
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only found in Germany, but formerly also common in northern European countries. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a U.S...
s of Bocholt
Bocholt
There are two towns called Bocholt:* Bocholt, Germany* Bocholt, Belgium...
and Ahaus
Ahaus
Ahaus is a municipality in the district of Borken in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the border with the Netherlands, lying some 20 km south-east of Enschede....
to compensate for his loss in 1801. The other two-thirds were granted to Konstantin Alexander Joseph zu Salm-Salm in compensation for his lost lands on the Rhine. The princes of Salm-Salm
Salm-Salm
The Principality of Salm-Salm was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. It was located in the present-day French départements of the Bas-Rhin and the Vosges and was one of a number of partitions of Salm.-History:...
and Salm-Kyrburg reigned over these aforementioned lands as a joint principality, the Principality of Salm
Principality of Salm
The Principality of Salm was a short-lived client state of Napoleonic France located in Westphalia.-History:Salm was created in 1802 as a state of the Holy Roman Empire in order to compensate the princes of Salm-Kyrburg and Salm-Salm, who had lost their states to France in 1793-1795...
.
On 13 December 1811, Frederick IV and Konstantin Alexander lost Salm entirely to France
First French Empire
The First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
, which annexed it outright, and then two years later it was annexed to Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
by the Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars,...
, thus ending the princedom of Salm-Kyburg. Frederick IV's descendents, however, retained their titles and the other family territories.
External links
- http://www.genealogy.euweb.cz/salm/salm5.html
- http://www.demello.de/genealogy3/family_group_sheet/d0027/F21273.html