Franklin Cappon
Encyclopedia
Franklin C. "Cappy" Cappon (October 17, 1900 – November 29, 1961) was a college athlete and coach. He played football and basketball at Phillips University
and the University of Michigan
and coached basketball and football at Luther College
(1923–1924), the University of Kansas
(1926–1927), the University of Michigan
(1925, 1928–1938), and Princeton University
(1938–1961).
The son of a wealthy leather manufacturer in Holland, Michigan
, Cappon was a star athlete in both basketball and football, and was named to All-Western football teams in 1920, 1921, and 1922. Before accepting a position at Princeton, Cappon was an assistant athletic director and basketball coach at Michigan from 1928 to 1938. In 23 years at Princeton, Cappon won five Ivy League championships, and his trademark "five-man weave" offense became closely identified with the program. He was a mentor at Princeton to a generation of student-athletes, including Butch van Breda Kolff, Bill Bradley
and Frank Deford
. Cappon died at age 61 of a heart attack in the showers at Princeton's Dillon Gymnasium after a basketball practice session.
. Cappon was the son of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Cappon. His parents were both born in the Netherlands
. His father, Isaac Cappon, came to Holland at age 17 and opened a tannery business that became one of Holland's largest companies, the Cappon-Bertsch Leather Co. His father was a leading citizen of the area and became Holland's first mayor, serving four terms. Cappon and his four sisters were raised in the family's stately house at 228 West 9th Street in Holland, built by Isaac Cappon in 1873 and considered one of the most beautiful homes in old Holland.
Cappon was an excellent all-around athlete at Holland High School. He played four years of varsity football and basketball and was all-state in both sports. In 1916, Cappon was the fullback on the Holland team that defeated rival Grand Haven 83–0. Holland gained 755 yards of offense in the game, and Cappon alone gained 364 yards. As a senior, Cappon led the 1917 Holland High School team to a series of extraordinary wins, beating Fennville (127–0), Kalamazoo High (60–0), Grand Haven (81–0), Benton Harbor (90–0), Grand Rapids Union (32–3), Traverse City (20–7) and Western State Normal (104–9), but losing to Grand Rapids Central (20–0).
Cappon later spoke about his early memories of oyster stew banquets, players shoveling snow off the football field and then marking it out, "dinky basketball floors" and their individual hazards, and the first state basketball tournament in 1916 when 40 teams entered a "free for all." Almost a half century after he graduated, the Holland Evening Sentinel called Cappon "Holland's most legendary high school athlete."
All-American John Maulbetsch
married Cappon's sister and became the football coach at Phillips University
in Enid, Oklahoma
. When Cappon graduated from high school in 1918, he was persuaded to join his brother-in-law at Phillips. Maulbetsch recruited other top athletes to Phillips, including future International Olympic Committee
leader Doug Roby
and future Pro Football Hall of Fame
r Steve Owen, and turned Phillips briefly into one of the country's top football programs. Maulbetsch's team was undefeated in 1918 and lost only one game in 1919.
. Cappon became a star athlete in both football and basketball at Michigan. He played seven games at left end for the 1920 Michigan football team, and was named to Walter Eckersall
's All-Western team at the end of the 1920 season. In 1921, Cappon played four games at left tackle, one game at left halfback, and two at right halfback. In recognition of his versatility on the line and in the backfield, one expert placed Cappon on his 1921 All-Western team as a tackle, and another named him as a second-team All-Western halfback. In 1922, Cappon moved to fullback where he started all seven games for the undefeated Michigan team. He was named a second-team All-Western fullback, and Walter Eckersall named Cappon as "general utility man" for his All-Western team. One writer said of Cappon's performance in 1922: "He's the boy who was given the ball whenever the team needed two or three yards, and he always got it." Grand Rapids mayor, and former Cappon teammate, Paul G. Goebel
, called Cappon "the greatest football player I've seen in 35 years." Goebel added: "If Cappy hadn't played all the positions he'd a been an All-American in one or two of them."
Cappon also starred as a guard on the Michigan basketball team in 1921 and 1922. As a senior, Cappon was awarded the Western Conference Medal, an honorary award from the conference for all-around excellence in both athletics and academics.
in Decorah, Iowa
. After the football season, he returned to Michigan for the spring semester and received his degree in 1924. He returned to Luther College in the fall of 1924 as the athletic director in charge of all sports. In Cappon's two seasons as the football coach, the Luther teams had a record of 8–4–3.
, Benny Friedman
and Bo Molenda
. Yost later called the 1925 Michigan squad the greatest team he ever coached. While at Michigan in 1925 and 1926, Cappon was also an instructor in Michigan's coaching school and assisted Michigan basketball coach E. J. Mather
.
announced that it had hired Cappon as its new football coach. Former Michigan football coach George Little, then at Wisconsin, recommended Cappon to the administrators at Kansas. Little said he had tried to take Cappon with him to Wisconsin and called Cappon "one of the most promising coaches of recent graduation in the United States." On his first visit to Lawrence, Kansas
, Cappon told reporters: "I always have heard of the clean, fine sportsmanship in the Missouri Valley conference, and I am glad to be coming out this way. ... I hope we may turn out a football team that will be a credit to the Valley and in every way uphold Valley traditions for clean play and sportsmanship." In two seasons as the football coach at Kansas, Cappon's record was 5–10–1. According to a 1940 history of football at the University of Kansas, Cappon resigned after two years at Kansas as the result of a controversy over "scouting." The Missouri Valley conference schools had agreed "not to 'scout' each other in the belief that such a practice was unsportsmanlike." After Kansas beat Missouri 14–7 with a new passing attack and "impregnable defense," Missouri produced evidence to show that Kansas supporters, not part of the Kansas staff, had acted as "volunteer scouts" at Missouri games and had provided Cappon with "charts of the Tiger plays," that enabled Cappon to develop new schemes to stop the Missouri offense. According to the 1940 account, the "upshot of the affair was Cappon's resignation."
from Indianapolis
.
In February 1938, the University of Michigan hired Fritz Crisler
from Princeton to replace Harry Kipke as football coach and Cappon as assistant athletic director. Although no formal announcement was made, appointment of Crisler as assistant athletic director "aroused some speculation as to the status of Franklin C. Cappon," and it was reported that the tenure of Cappon as assistant athletic director had come to an end. The following month, Cappon accepted a position with Princeton as its head basketball coach and assistant football coach under Princeton's head coach Tad Wieman.
, Cappon remained as Princeton's head basketball coach for the next 23 years until he died in the showers at Princeton's basketball field house. Cappon won five Ivy League basketball titles while at Princeton, and compiled a record of 262-185. His best seasons at Princeton were 1941–42 (16-5), 1942–43 (14–6), 1950–51 (15–7), 1957–58 (15–8), and 1958–59 (19–5). In the 1960–61 season, during which Cappon suffered his first heart attack, the team was 9–2 in games Cappon coached. One of the great players coached by Cappon was Butch van Breda Kolff, who succeeded Cappon as Princeton's coach in 1962. While at Princeton, he was also an assistant football coach responsible at various times for the backs, the line, and the ends.
In January 1943, Cappon tendered his resignation as coach at Princeton in order to accept a commission with the U.S. Navy. He was assigned to St. Mary's Pre-Flight School in Moraga, California
. Cappon missed the 1943–1944 through 1945–1946 basketball seasons while serving in the Navy. Cappon was a lieutenant in the Naval Aviation fitness program, where he wrote training texts and directed athletics for the fleet airwing on the West Coast. After returning to Princeton, Cappon was outspoken on the value of athletics as an equalizer in American society. In a 1952 speech, Cappon said: "There are some basic principles that we're gradually losing sight of in America, but we still have them in athletics. When you come out for an athletic team, your race, creed or color makes no difference. Nobody asks you who you know or how much money you've got. The athletic field is one place where the merit system still takes precedence over the seniority system."
At Princeton, Cappon became known for two trademarks. The first was the "Iron Five," his practice of picking the five best players and playing them without substitution in every game. The second was the "five-man weave" offense. Cappon once joked about the Iron Five tradition, saying, "If you start five men, they should be your best men, and if they're in shape, and play the way they should, there should be no need to substitute." After a pause, Cappon then added, "but more important than all that, I haven't got anybody worth a damn on the bench." Cappon did not believe in recruiting, and Princeton did not offer athletic scholarships. Accordingly, Cappon worked with whatever talent showed up. One former Princeton player later wrote: "It was short, white basketball at its best. Cappy's teams and best players were tough, gritty, aggressive, and smart."
Cappon's Princeton teams ran his trademark five-man weave offense from his arrival in the 1930s until he died in 1961. The scheme kept all five players "in constant motion, running from one corner of the floor to the other, along the arc of what now is the three-point line." While operating in Cappon’s weave, players dribbled with their outside hand, and passed to the approaching player, who ran outside the passer to receive the ball. The players had to be in great physical condition, because they were constantly on the move and were "expected to run the other guys into the ground."
Cappon was known for his conservatism as a coach. In 23 years at Princeton, the uniforms never changed, having small sewn-on numbers and no player names. He considered a fast break as a lack of discipline and would not allow his players to shoot before five or ten passes had been completed. In 1995, former Princeton player Selden Edwards wrote an article on Cappon's influence at Princeton. Edwards, a junior varsity player in the Cappon era, wrote that "Cappy was Princeton basketball to anyone even vaguely familiar with the teams of that era." Edwards described Cappon's physical appearance this way:
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Another famous Princeton alum who played for Cappon is Sports Illustrated
writer Frank Deford
. Deford played on Princeton's practice squad while covering the varsity team for the campus newspaper. Cappon once set Deford straight about his talents, telling him, "Deford, you write basketball better than you play it." Deford later wrote the following about Cappon:
In 1957, Cappon was inducted into the Helms Foundation College Basketball Hall of Fame. In 1960, Cappon was part of the committee that selected the U.S. basketball team to compete in the 1960 Summer Olympics
. He was also a past president of the National Basketball Coaches Association.
In January 1961, Cappon suffered a mild heart attack, and he was hospitalized again for two weeks in the summer of 1961 with an occlusion in an artery of his left arm. Cappon returned to work at Princeton despite the stress that coaching would put on his heart. On November 29, 1961, Cappon suffered a second heart attack while showering after a basketball practice at Princeton's Dillon Gymnasium. Junior varsity coach, Edward J. Donovan, was in the shower with Cappon at the time, saw Cappon falling and lowered him to the ground. Donovan called for help, and when Cappon's doctor arrived ten minutes later, he found Cappon dead on the floor.
As word of Cappon's death spread around the Princeton campus, it became "one of the saddest days in the lives of anyone connected with Princeton sports in those years," a moment which some compared to the day two years later when President John F. Kennedy
was assassinated. Future U.S. Senator Bill Bradley
was a freshman basketball player at the time. One of his teammates found Bradley sitting alone at the Princeton Student Center eating a pint of ice cream after learning of Cappon's death. With a dazed look of grief, Bradley noted, "The two people who brought me here are gone," referring to Cappon and Princeton's director of admissions who had recently retired. In his profile of Cappon, Selden Edwards noted that he'd "never been able to get that image from my mind, of the two naked old men on the tile floor, Silent Ed cradling Cappy Cappon in his arms. Something out of Michelangelo."
Cappon's funeral was held at Princeton University Chapel
.
Phillips University
Phillips University was a private, coeducational institution of higher education located in Enid, Oklahoma, United States, from 1906 to 1998. It was affiliated with the Christian Church . It included an undergraduate college and a graduate seminary...
and the University of Michigan
University of Michigan
The University of Michigan is a public research university located in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. It is the state's oldest university and the flagship campus of the University of Michigan...
and coached basketball and football at Luther College
Luther College (Iowa)
Luther College is a four-year, residential liberal arts institution of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, located in Decorah, Iowa, USA...
(1923–1924), the University of Kansas
University of Kansas
The University of Kansas is a public research university and the largest university in the state of Kansas. KU campuses are located in Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, and Kansas City, Kansas with the main campus being located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest point in Lawrence. The...
(1926–1927), the University of Michigan
University of Michigan
The University of Michigan is a public research university located in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. It is the state's oldest university and the flagship campus of the University of Michigan...
(1925, 1928–1938), and Princeton University
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
(1938–1961).
The son of a wealthy leather manufacturer in Holland, Michigan
Holland, Michigan
Holland is a city in the western region of the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is situated near the eastern shore of Lake Michigan on Lake Macatawa, which is fed by the Macatawa River ....
, Cappon was a star athlete in both basketball and football, and was named to All-Western football teams in 1920, 1921, and 1922. Before accepting a position at Princeton, Cappon was an assistant athletic director and basketball coach at Michigan from 1928 to 1938. In 23 years at Princeton, Cappon won five Ivy League championships, and his trademark "five-man weave" offense became closely identified with the program. He was a mentor at Princeton to a generation of student-athletes, including Butch van Breda Kolff, Bill Bradley
Bill Bradley
William Warren "Bill" Bradley is an American hall of fame basketball player, Rhodes scholar, and former three-term Democratic U.S. Senator from New Jersey. He ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic Party's nomination for President in the 2000 election.Bradley was born and raised in a suburb of St....
and Frank Deford
Frank Deford
Benjamin "Frank" Deford, III is a senior contributing writer for Sports Illustrated, author, and commentator for National Public Radio and correspondent for Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel on HBO....
. Cappon died at age 61 of a heart attack in the showers at Princeton's Dillon Gymnasium after a basketball practice session.
Youth in Holland, Michigan
Cappon was born and raised in Holland, MichiganHolland, Michigan
Holland is a city in the western region of the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is situated near the eastern shore of Lake Michigan on Lake Macatawa, which is fed by the Macatawa River ....
. Cappon was the son of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Cappon. His parents were both born in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
. His father, Isaac Cappon, came to Holland at age 17 and opened a tannery business that became one of Holland's largest companies, the Cappon-Bertsch Leather Co. His father was a leading citizen of the area and became Holland's first mayor, serving four terms. Cappon and his four sisters were raised in the family's stately house at 228 West 9th Street in Holland, built by Isaac Cappon in 1873 and considered one of the most beautiful homes in old Holland.
Cappon was an excellent all-around athlete at Holland High School. He played four years of varsity football and basketball and was all-state in both sports. In 1916, Cappon was the fullback on the Holland team that defeated rival Grand Haven 83–0. Holland gained 755 yards of offense in the game, and Cappon alone gained 364 yards. As a senior, Cappon led the 1917 Holland High School team to a series of extraordinary wins, beating Fennville (127–0), Kalamazoo High (60–0), Grand Haven (81–0), Benton Harbor (90–0), Grand Rapids Union (32–3), Traverse City (20–7) and Western State Normal (104–9), but losing to Grand Rapids Central (20–0).
Cappon later spoke about his early memories of oyster stew banquets, players shoveling snow off the football field and then marking it out, "dinky basketball floors" and their individual hazards, and the first state basketball tournament in 1916 when 40 teams entered a "free for all." Almost a half century after he graduated, the Holland Evening Sentinel called Cappon "Holland's most legendary high school athlete."
Phillips University
In 1917, former University of MichiganUniversity of Michigan
The University of Michigan is a public research university located in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. It is the state's oldest university and the flagship campus of the University of Michigan...
All-American John Maulbetsch
John Maulbetsch
John F. "Johnny" Maulbetsch was an All-American football halfback at Adrian College in 1911 and for the University of Michigan Wolverines from 1914 to 1916...
married Cappon's sister and became the football coach at Phillips University
Phillips University
Phillips University was a private, coeducational institution of higher education located in Enid, Oklahoma, United States, from 1906 to 1998. It was affiliated with the Christian Church . It included an undergraduate college and a graduate seminary...
in Enid, Oklahoma
Enid, Oklahoma
Enid is a city in Garfield County, Oklahoma, United States. In 2010, the population was 49,379, making it the ninth largest city in Oklahoma. It is the county seat of Garfield County. Enid was founded during the opening of the Cherokee Outlet in the Land Run of 1893, and is named after Enid, a...
. When Cappon graduated from high school in 1918, he was persuaded to join his brother-in-law at Phillips. Maulbetsch recruited other top athletes to Phillips, including future International Olympic Committee
International Olympic Committee
The International Olympic Committee is an international corporation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin on 23 June 1894 with Demetrios Vikelas as its first president...
leader Doug Roby
Doug Roby
Douglas Fergusson Roby was an American athlete and Olympics official. After playing football at Phillips University and the University of Michigan, he worked for American Metal Products Company, an automobile parts manufacturer, from 1923 to 1963...
and future Pro Football Hall of Fame
Pro Football Hall of Fame
The Pro Football Hall of Fame is the hall of fame of professional football in the United States with an emphasis on the National Football League . It opened in Canton, Ohio, on September 7, 1963, with 17 charter inductees...
r Steve Owen, and turned Phillips briefly into one of the country's top football programs. Maulbetsch's team was undefeated in 1918 and lost only one game in 1919.
University of Michigan
After one or two years at Phillips, Cappon returned to his home state and enrolled at the University of MichiganUniversity of Michigan
The University of Michigan is a public research university located in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. It is the state's oldest university and the flagship campus of the University of Michigan...
. Cappon became a star athlete in both football and basketball at Michigan. He played seven games at left end for the 1920 Michigan football team, and was named to Walter Eckersall
Walter Eckersall
Walter "Eckie" Eckersall was an American football player, official, and sportswriter for the Chicago Tribune. He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951.-Early life:...
's All-Western team at the end of the 1920 season. In 1921, Cappon played four games at left tackle, one game at left halfback, and two at right halfback. In recognition of his versatility on the line and in the backfield, one expert placed Cappon on his 1921 All-Western team as a tackle, and another named him as a second-team All-Western halfback. In 1922, Cappon moved to fullback where he started all seven games for the undefeated Michigan team. He was named a second-team All-Western fullback, and Walter Eckersall named Cappon as "general utility man" for his All-Western team. One writer said of Cappon's performance in 1922: "He's the boy who was given the ball whenever the team needed two or three yards, and he always got it." Grand Rapids mayor, and former Cappon teammate, Paul G. Goebel
Paul G. Goebel
Paul Gordon Goebel was an American football end who played for the University of Michigan Wolverines from 1920 to 1922. He was an All-American in 1921 and was the team's captain in 1922. He played professional football from 1923 to 1926 with the Columbus Tigers, Chicago Bears, and New York Yankees...
, called Cappon "the greatest football player I've seen in 35 years." Goebel added: "If Cappy hadn't played all the positions he'd a been an All-American in one or two of them."
Cappon also starred as a guard on the Michigan basketball team in 1921 and 1922. As a senior, Cappon was awarded the Western Conference Medal, an honorary award from the conference for all-around excellence in both athletics and academics.
Luther College
In the fall of 1923, Cappon became the football coach for Luther CollegeLuther College (Iowa)
Luther College is a four-year, residential liberal arts institution of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, located in Decorah, Iowa, USA...
in Decorah, Iowa
Decorah, Iowa
Decorah is a city in and the county seat of Winneshiek County, Iowa, United States. The population was 8,172 at the 2000 census. Decorah is located at the intersection of State Highway 9 and U.S...
. After the football season, he returned to Michigan for the spring semester and received his degree in 1924. He returned to Luther College in the fall of 1924 as the athletic director in charge of all sports. In Cappon's two seasons as the football coach, the Luther teams had a record of 8–4–3.
Assistant to Fielding H. Yost
In February 1925, Cappon was hired by Fielding H. Yost to return to Michigan as part of the school's football coaching staff. Cappon was charged with coaching the ends and backs, a group that included All-Americans Bennie OosterbaanBennie Oosterbaan
Benjamin Gaylord "Bennie" Oosterbaan was a three-time first team All-American football end for the Michigan Wolverines football team, two-time All-American basketball player for the basketball team and an All-Big Ten Conference baseball player for the baseball team...
, Benny Friedman
Benny Friedman
Benjamin "Benny" Friedman was an American football quarterback who played for the University of Michigan , Cleveland Bulldogs , Detroit Wolverines , New York Giants , and Brooklyn Dodgers .He is generally considered the first great passer in professional football...
and Bo Molenda
Bo Molenda
John Joseph "Bo" Molenda was an American football player, primarily a fullback, who played for the University of Michigan and nine seasons in the NFL...
. Yost later called the 1925 Michigan squad the greatest team he ever coached. While at Michigan in 1925 and 1926, Cappon was also an instructor in Michigan's coaching school and assisted Michigan basketball coach E. J. Mather
E. J. Mather
Edwin J. Mather was an American football and basketball player and coach. He was selected as an All-Western football player while playing for Lake Forest University in 1909 and went on to a coaching career at Lake Forest , Kalamazoo College , the University of Arkansas , and the University of...
.
Kansas
In January 1926, the University of KansasUniversity of Kansas
The University of Kansas is a public research university and the largest university in the state of Kansas. KU campuses are located in Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, and Kansas City, Kansas with the main campus being located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest point in Lawrence. The...
announced that it had hired Cappon as its new football coach. Former Michigan football coach George Little, then at Wisconsin, recommended Cappon to the administrators at Kansas. Little said he had tried to take Cappon with him to Wisconsin and called Cappon "one of the most promising coaches of recent graduation in the United States." On his first visit to Lawrence, Kansas
Lawrence, Kansas
Lawrence is the sixth largest city in the U.S. State of Kansas and the county seat of Douglas County. Located in northeastern Kansas, Lawrence is the anchor city of the Lawrence, Kansas, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Douglas County...
, Cappon told reporters: "I always have heard of the clean, fine sportsmanship in the Missouri Valley conference, and I am glad to be coming out this way. ... I hope we may turn out a football team that will be a credit to the Valley and in every way uphold Valley traditions for clean play and sportsmanship." In two seasons as the football coach at Kansas, Cappon's record was 5–10–1. According to a 1940 history of football at the University of Kansas, Cappon resigned after two years at Kansas as the result of a controversy over "scouting." The Missouri Valley conference schools had agreed "not to 'scout' each other in the belief that such a practice was unsportsmanlike." After Kansas beat Missouri 14–7 with a new passing attack and "impregnable defense," Missouri produced evidence to show that Kansas supporters, not part of the Kansas staff, had acted as "volunteer scouts" at Missouri games and had provided Cappon with "charts of the Tiger plays," that enabled Cappon to develop new schemes to stop the Missouri offense. According to the 1940 account, the "upshot of the affair was Cappon's resignation."
Michigan basketball coach and assistant athletic director
In 1928, Cappon returned to the University of Michigan as an assistant football and basketball coach. He also served as the assistant athletic director, and in 1931 accepted the additional responsibility as head coach of the basketball team. At the time, one columnist noted: "The Wolves have an excellent man on the campus right now in the person of Franklin 'Baldy' Cappon, assistant athletic director. 'Cappy' has scouted Big Ten basketball for the past few years, and has had something of the personnel and plays of the Michigan five." From 1931 to 1938, he was the head basketball coach and assistant athletic director at Michigan. Cappon's record in seven years as Michigan's head basketball coach was 78–57. After the basketball team went 14–26 in two seasons from 1933 to 1935, Cappon turned the program around. His best seasons at Michigan were from 1935 to 1937, when the Wolverines were 31–9 over the course of two seasons. His top players in his best years at Michigan included brothers Earl and John TownsendJohn Townsend (basketball)
John Frederick "Jake" Townsend, Sr. was an American basketball forward and center. He was an All-Big Ten player for the University of Michigan from 1936-1938. In 1938, he was named an All-American...
from Indianapolis
Indianapolis
Indianapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana, and the county seat of Marion County, Indiana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population is 839,489. It is by far Indiana's largest city and, as of the 2010 U.S...
.
In February 1938, the University of Michigan hired Fritz Crisler
Fritz Crisler
Herbert Orin "Fritz" Crisler was an American football coach who is best known as "the father of two-platoon football," an innovation in which separate units of players were used for offense and defense. Crisler developed two-platoon football while serving as head coach at the University of...
from Princeton to replace Harry Kipke as football coach and Cappon as assistant athletic director. Although no formal announcement was made, appointment of Crisler as assistant athletic director "aroused some speculation as to the status of Franklin C. Cappon," and it was reported that the tenure of Cappon as assistant athletic director had come to an end. The following month, Cappon accepted a position with Princeton as its head basketball coach and assistant football coach under Princeton's head coach Tad Wieman.
Princeton basketball coach
In 1938, Cappon was hired by Princeton University as its head basketball coach. With the exception of three years serving in the Navy during World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, Cappon remained as Princeton's head basketball coach for the next 23 years until he died in the showers at Princeton's basketball field house. Cappon won five Ivy League basketball titles while at Princeton, and compiled a record of 262-185. His best seasons at Princeton were 1941–42 (16-5), 1942–43 (14–6), 1950–51 (15–7), 1957–58 (15–8), and 1958–59 (19–5). In the 1960–61 season, during which Cappon suffered his first heart attack, the team was 9–2 in games Cappon coached. One of the great players coached by Cappon was Butch van Breda Kolff, who succeeded Cappon as Princeton's coach in 1962. While at Princeton, he was also an assistant football coach responsible at various times for the backs, the line, and the ends.
In January 1943, Cappon tendered his resignation as coach at Princeton in order to accept a commission with the U.S. Navy. He was assigned to St. Mary's Pre-Flight School in Moraga, California
Moraga, California
Moraga is a suburban incorporated town located in Contra Costa County, California, United States, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It is named in honor of Joaquin Moraga, whose grandfather was José Joaquin Moraga, second in command to Juan Bautista de Anza...
. Cappon missed the 1943–1944 through 1945–1946 basketball seasons while serving in the Navy. Cappon was a lieutenant in the Naval Aviation fitness program, where he wrote training texts and directed athletics for the fleet airwing on the West Coast. After returning to Princeton, Cappon was outspoken on the value of athletics as an equalizer in American society. In a 1952 speech, Cappon said: "There are some basic principles that we're gradually losing sight of in America, but we still have them in athletics. When you come out for an athletic team, your race, creed or color makes no difference. Nobody asks you who you know or how much money you've got. The athletic field is one place where the merit system still takes precedence over the seniority system."
At Princeton, Cappon became known for two trademarks. The first was the "Iron Five," his practice of picking the five best players and playing them without substitution in every game. The second was the "five-man weave" offense. Cappon once joked about the Iron Five tradition, saying, "If you start five men, they should be your best men, and if they're in shape, and play the way they should, there should be no need to substitute." After a pause, Cappon then added, "but more important than all that, I haven't got anybody worth a damn on the bench." Cappon did not believe in recruiting, and Princeton did not offer athletic scholarships. Accordingly, Cappon worked with whatever talent showed up. One former Princeton player later wrote: "It was short, white basketball at its best. Cappy's teams and best players were tough, gritty, aggressive, and smart."
Cappon's Princeton teams ran his trademark five-man weave offense from his arrival in the 1930s until he died in 1961. The scheme kept all five players "in constant motion, running from one corner of the floor to the other, along the arc of what now is the three-point line." While operating in Cappon’s weave, players dribbled with their outside hand, and passed to the approaching player, who ran outside the passer to receive the ball. The players had to be in great physical condition, because they were constantly on the move and were "expected to run the other guys into the ground."
Cappon was known for his conservatism as a coach. In 23 years at Princeton, the uniforms never changed, having small sewn-on numbers and no player names. He considered a fast break as a lack of discipline and would not allow his players to shoot before five or ten passes had been completed. In 1995, former Princeton player Selden Edwards wrote an article on Cappon's influence at Princeton. Edwards, a junior varsity player in the Cappon era, wrote that "Cappy was Princeton basketball to anyone even vaguely familiar with the teams of that era." Edwards described Cappon's physical appearance this way:
"In 1959, the fall I arrived at Princeton, Cappy was in peak form, a character who knew he was a character. He was in his early sixties, and his body looked as if it had been sculpted in ice cream and left in the sun. He was bald, the skin on his face drooped, he had deep shadows under his eyes. His voice was gravelly, and he enunciated as if he had wads of Kleenex in his mouth. He always said exactly what he meant, and his language was delightfully salty. Legend had it that he had been a great athlete at Michigan, but by the 1960s no one could imagine that. He was grumpily personable and totally without pretension."
Sports Illustrated
Sports Illustrated is an American sports media company owned by media conglomerate Time Warner. Its self titled magazine has over 3.5 million subscribers and is read by 23 million adults each week, including over 18 million men. It was the first magazine with circulation over one million to win the...
writer Frank Deford
Frank Deford
Benjamin "Frank" Deford, III is a senior contributing writer for Sports Illustrated, author, and commentator for National Public Radio and correspondent for Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel on HBO....
. Deford played on Princeton's practice squad while covering the varsity team for the campus newspaper. Cappon once set Deford straight about his talents, telling him, "Deford, you write basketball better than you play it." Deford later wrote the following about Cappon:
"In a profession in which men are renowned for their behavior during a basketball game, Cappy Cappon stood quite by himself among coaches. Until the game was over, the man never did anything but frown. There were degrees of frowning, of course, but his gamut of expression seldom ventured too far from that of a basic frown. A mournful frown, a disinterested frown, and if it was possible -- and it was -- a frown of satisfaction. . . . And when something happened that there wasn't a frown to express completely, Cappy would cup his hands or rise to his feet and bellow the words: `What'rya doin' out there?' When the game was over, the frown would stay quite in place if Princeton lost. But if they won, he would finally smile just a bit, a smile that looked both modest and embarrassed."
In 1957, Cappon was inducted into the Helms Foundation College Basketball Hall of Fame. In 1960, Cappon was part of the committee that selected the U.S. basketball team to compete in the 1960 Summer Olympics
1960 Summer Olympics
The 1960 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event held from August 25 to September 11, 1960 in Rome, Italy...
. He was also a past president of the National Basketball Coaches Association.
Family and death
Cappon married Henrietta Van Putten of Holland, Michigan, and they had their first child, Franklin C. Cappon, Jr., in 1925. They also had a daughter, Mary L. Cappon.In January 1961, Cappon suffered a mild heart attack, and he was hospitalized again for two weeks in the summer of 1961 with an occlusion in an artery of his left arm. Cappon returned to work at Princeton despite the stress that coaching would put on his heart. On November 29, 1961, Cappon suffered a second heart attack while showering after a basketball practice at Princeton's Dillon Gymnasium. Junior varsity coach, Edward J. Donovan, was in the shower with Cappon at the time, saw Cappon falling and lowered him to the ground. Donovan called for help, and when Cappon's doctor arrived ten minutes later, he found Cappon dead on the floor.
As word of Cappon's death spread around the Princeton campus, it became "one of the saddest days in the lives of anyone connected with Princeton sports in those years," a moment which some compared to the day two years later when President John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy , often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963....
was assassinated. Future U.S. Senator Bill Bradley
Bill Bradley
William Warren "Bill" Bradley is an American hall of fame basketball player, Rhodes scholar, and former three-term Democratic U.S. Senator from New Jersey. He ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic Party's nomination for President in the 2000 election.Bradley was born and raised in a suburb of St....
was a freshman basketball player at the time. One of his teammates found Bradley sitting alone at the Princeton Student Center eating a pint of ice cream after learning of Cappon's death. With a dazed look of grief, Bradley noted, "The two people who brought me here are gone," referring to Cappon and Princeton's director of admissions who had recently retired. In his profile of Cappon, Selden Edwards noted that he'd "never been able to get that image from my mind, of the two naked old men on the tile floor, Silent Ed cradling Cappy Cappon in his arms. Something out of Michelangelo."
Cappon's funeral was held at Princeton University Chapel
Princeton University Chapel
The Princeton University Chapel is located on Princeton University's main campus in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It replaces an older chapel that burned down in 1920. Designed in 1921 by Ralph Adams Cram in his signature Collegiate Gothic style, it was built by the university between 1924...
.