Francisco de Sande
Encyclopedia
Francisco de Sande Picón (1540–1627) was the third Spanish governor and captain-general of the Philippines
from August 25, 1575 to April 1580.
, served as attorney
, criminal judge
, and auditor in Mexico
. He succeed Guido de Lavezaris
, a member of the 1543 Ruy López de Villalobos
Expedition from Barra de Navidad
, Jalisco
, México
, on August 25, 1575.
In 1575, King Philip II of Spain appointed him as the governor-general of the Philippines.
s of wealthy Spaniards in the Philippines. In 1576, he issued a decree forbidding all officials appointed by the Crown to own encomiendas that are initially for Indio
s. He also established the city of Nueva Cáceres, province of Camarines Sur
, Bicol region
, Island of Luzon
, the largest of the some 7107 islands (under Spanish Administration till 1898, for some 350–370 years), Philippine Islands. A few years after, Spanish and Dominican
prelate Domingo de Salazar
requested to create monasteries for the Dominicans which was granted by Sande through King Philip II's royal decree.
During his time, the first Augustinian priests arrived to Manila
on July 1, 1577 coming from Acapulco
, Mexico
. That same year, the Church of San Agustin
was erected at the same city.
He also commissioned an expedition
to Borneo
in 1578 where the Sultan of Jolo became a vassal
of Spain through a peace treaty signed at Río Grande de Mindanao
. That same year, he attacked Borneo where the king of that sultanate became submissive to the Spanish officials of Manila. He also showed eagerness to conquer Moluccas from the Portuguese as well as China.
In 1579, he sent an expedition again, headed by Captain Gabriel de Ribera to Mindanao and Jolo
to secure Moro submission to Spanish authority. He gone to the Rio Grande to find nothing but remnants of villages abandoned by the localities. He then established a fortress for the villages and go north to pacify rebelling Butuanons
. Upon his return in Luzon
, Ribera met some natives from Jolo with little tribute saying that they have nothing to give to the Spaniards since the Portuguese Estevan Rodriguez de Figueroa recently attacked their settlements.
He denied the Franciscan fathers their burning wishes,after some 19,000 km. travel, 1579, to enter in China
, to spread Catholicism
, the Chinese being stupefied, when some of them disobeyed the Manila
Spanish Civil Authorities and arrived to the highly controlled Portuguese trade city of Macao
, and they found they did no carry weapons, money or goods to exchange but some religious lithurgical wares for their own use and pious books.
He also became an auditor in the Audiencia of Mexico.
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
from August 25, 1575 to April 1580.
Early career
A native of CáceresCáceres, Spain
Cáceres is the capital of the same name province, in the autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. , its population was 91,131 inhabitants. The municipio has a land area of 1,750.33 km², and is the largest in geographical extension in Spain....
, served as attorney
Lawyer
A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
, criminal judge
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as part of a panel of judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is supposed to conduct the trial impartially and in an open...
, and auditor in Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. He succeed Guido de Lavezaris
Guido de Lavezaris
Guido de Lavezaris was the second Spanish Governor General of the Philippines. He succeeded Miguel López de Legazpi in 1572 as governor, and was succeeded by Francisco de Sande on August 25, 1575.-Early life:...
, a member of the 1543 Ruy López de Villalobos
Ruy López de Villalobos
Ruy López de Villalobos was a Spanish explorer who sailed the Pacific from Mexico to establish a permanent foothold for Spain in the East Indies, which was near the Line of Demarcation between Spain and Portugal according to the Treaty of Saragossa in 1529...
Expedition from Barra de Navidad
Barra de Navidad
Barra de Navidad is a small town located on the western coast-line of the Mexican state of Jalisco.The town of Barra de Navidad with a population of 7000+ is a small farming and fishing community located on the east end of the Bahía de Navidad, 60 km north of Manzanillo...
, Jalisco
Jalisco
Jalisco officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in Western Mexico and divided in 125 municipalities and its capital city is Guadalajara.It is one of the more important states...
, México
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, on August 25, 1575.
In 1575, King Philip II of Spain appointed him as the governor-general of the Philippines.
Governorship
One of his first political advocacy was to disestablish vast encomiendaEncomienda
The encomienda was a system that was employed mainly by the Spanish crown during the colonization of the Americas to regulate Native American labor....
s of wealthy Spaniards in the Philippines. In 1576, he issued a decree forbidding all officials appointed by the Crown to own encomiendas that are initially for Indio
Indio
Indio may refer to:* Indio, California* Indio, person of indigenous peoples of the Americas* The Spanish Colonial racial term for the native Austronesian peoples of the Philippines between the 16th and 19th centuriesSpecific people:...
s. He also established the city of Nueva Cáceres, province of Camarines Sur
Camarines Sur
Camarines Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Bicol Region in Luzon. Its capital is Pili and the province borders Camarines Norte and Quezon to the north, and Albay to the south...
, Bicol region
Bicol Region
The Bicol Region or Bicolandia is one of the 17 regions of the Philippines. Its regional center is Legazpi City...
, Island of Luzon
Luzon
Luzon is the largest island in the Philippines. It is located in the northernmost region of the archipelago, and is also the name for one of the three primary island groups in the country centered on the Island of Luzon...
, the largest of the some 7107 islands (under Spanish Administration till 1898, for some 350–370 years), Philippine Islands. A few years after, Spanish and Dominican
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
prelate Domingo de Salazar
Domingo de Salazar
Domingo de Salazar was a Spanish prelate. He became the first bishop of the see of Manila.He was born in La Rioja, in the village of La Bastarda on the banks of the Ebro, Spain.-External links:**...
requested to create monasteries for the Dominicans which was granted by Sande through King Philip II's royal decree.
During his time, the first Augustinian priests arrived to Manila
Manila
Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...
on July 1, 1577 coming from Acapulco
Acapulco
Acapulco is a city, municipality and major sea port in the state of Guerrero on the Pacific coast of Mexico, southwest from Mexico City. Acapulco is located on a deep, semi-circular bay and has been a port since the early colonial period of Mexico’s history...
, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. That same year, the Church of San Agustin
San Agustin Church, Manila
San Agustin Church is a Roman Catholic church under the auspices of The Order of St. Augustine, located inside the historic walled city of Intramuros in Manila. Completed by 1607, it is the oldest church still standing in the Philippines...
was erected at the same city.
He also commissioned an expedition
Castille War
The Castille War was a military conflict between Brunei and Spain in 1578.-Background:...
to Borneo
Borneo
Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java Island, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia....
in 1578 where the Sultan of Jolo became a vassal
Vassal
A vassal or feudatory is a person who has entered into a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe. The obligations often included military support and mutual protection, in exchange for certain privileges, usually including the grant of land held...
of Spain through a peace treaty signed at Río Grande de Mindanao
Mindanao River
The Mindanao River, also known as the Rio Grande de Mindanao, is the second largest river system in the Philippines, after the Cagayan River of Luzon. It is also the largest river on the southern Philippine island of Mindanao having a drainage area of 23,169 square kilometers, draining majority of...
. That same year, he attacked Borneo where the king of that sultanate became submissive to the Spanish officials of Manila. He also showed eagerness to conquer Moluccas from the Portuguese as well as China.
In 1579, he sent an expedition again, headed by Captain Gabriel de Ribera to Mindanao and Jolo
Jolo, Sulu
Jolo is a municipality on the island of Jolo, and the capital and largest town of the province of Sulu. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 87,998 people in 12,814 households. Part of its population is of Chinese descent, mainly from Singapore...
to secure Moro submission to Spanish authority. He gone to the Rio Grande to find nothing but remnants of villages abandoned by the localities. He then established a fortress for the villages and go north to pacify rebelling Butuanons
Kingdom of Butuan
The Kingdom of Butuan was an ancient Indianized kingdom in pre-colonial southern Philippines centered on the present Mindanao island city of Butuan. It was known for its mining of gold, its gold products and its extensive trade network across the Nusantara area...
. Upon his return in Luzon
Luzon
Luzon is the largest island in the Philippines. It is located in the northernmost region of the archipelago, and is also the name for one of the three primary island groups in the country centered on the Island of Luzon...
, Ribera met some natives from Jolo with little tribute saying that they have nothing to give to the Spaniards since the Portuguese Estevan Rodriguez de Figueroa recently attacked their settlements.
He denied the Franciscan fathers their burning wishes,after some 19,000 km. travel, 1579, to enter in China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, to spread Catholicism
Catholicism
Catholicism is a broad term for the body of the Catholic faith, its theologies and doctrines, its liturgical, ethical, spiritual, and behavioral characteristics, as well as a religious people as a whole....
, the Chinese being stupefied, when some of them disobeyed the Manila
Manila
Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...
Spanish Civil Authorities and arrived to the highly controlled Portuguese trade city of Macao
Mação
Mação is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 400.0 km² and a total population of 7,763 inhabitants.The municipality is composed of eight parishes, and is located in the Santarém District....
, and they found they did no carry weapons, money or goods to exchange but some religious lithurgical wares for their own use and pious books.
He also became an auditor in the Audiencia of Mexico.