Farabi Orchestra
Encyclopedia
Farabi Orchestra, was founded by Morteza Hannaneh
Tehran
-Iran
in 1963s.
Morteza Hannaneh
and his colleagues : Fereydoon Nasseri the late , kasravi and Mrs. Shahniya for the second time in Iran music history succeeded to found another symphonic orchestra named Farabi in Iran radio.
Morteza Hannaneh
is the true founder of the modern national music in Iran. He graduated from the Tehran conservatory (Honarestane Aliye Musiqi).He cooperated with Parviz Mahmood, the famous composer who supported him to found the Tehran symphonic orchestra. From 1952 to 1954, he was the conductor of this orchestra. He went to Italy
to study more and research on music in late 1954. Getting remarkable scientific experiences on music, he returned to Iran after eight years.
Farabi Orchestra started his activity from 1963 and then the interested people in new Iranian scientific music heard new works from radio that differed too much from the past. The music of Iran had come up to its life and it was expected to be continued more energetically and fondly .
In this period Farabi Orchestra performed many brilliant works. Unfortunately and suddenly this Orchestra cut his activity after 10 years.
Radio symphonic orchestra,(Farabi orchestra) was the victor in “Tribune Internationale des compositeurs”, International Rostrum of Composers
, Paris
1966.Morteza Hannaneh
was invited by UNESCO
to take part in the congress of the first world modern composers in Paris on June1966 . This was the first time that Iran was invited to take part in such congress. The composers should introduce their recorded works, of their countries in that congress. The best work must be performed lively in front of the audience on the Paris radio & TV. The selected ten tops were broadcast all over the world. This introduces the different nation's music to the world and every country was presented to the musical works of another country.
Morteza Hannaneh
was invited from Iran
to the congress for the first time. While no countries but Japan
and turkey
were invited among the whole Asia
n and Africa
n countries. Even the former Eastern Germany (D.D.R) after the three-year conflict took part in the congress for the first time and introduced his modern music.
Some developing countries opposed against the invitation of Iran to the congress. But the head of congress mentioned that Iran has been one of the developed countries which his music has improved simultaneously with Europe.
notes:"first, I worried about this subject, and although I myself was witness of modern music improvement in Italy, I got my given tape again .But when I heard the work of Russians and some other nations which had a form and a frame of instrumental music, I decided to return my recorded music tape from Iran to the congress. This work was made by Hannaneh the own. Its name was "The Dream of the little devil" from Oratorio
Bahram Yasht accompanied with the voice of Hossein Sarshar as the Tenor
soloist and performed by Farabi radio symphonic orchestra. Everyone who heard the work, had a very good opinion about it. So the Jury agreed that it is the best modern music among the whole works since Iran had had remarkable changes in its music. The head of congress expressed: "we hope to hear more modern and interesting works and especially new voices from Iranian in near future".
Rest of the countries were not happy for this decision but they had to buy the best work from Iran and broadcast it from their countries. It was even recorded on a gramophone disk and became a universal work in modern music of Iran. After Iran
, the best works were as following: Poland
, England
, Czechoslovakia
, Hungary
, Sweden
, Austria
, Yugoslavia
and France
. Italy
with 700 years experience and Germany
could not succeed in this competition. The jury even laughed at the modern music of the (former Soviet Union) Russians
, and called them backward.
In this situation the work of Iran not only wasn't funny but also was the best one.
Morteza Hannaneh
said: "I hope to take part of Iran in this congress for the next years with new modern works. I invited all Iranian composers to introduce their partitures to the scientific music section of radio."
Morteza Hannaneh
said: "I prove that the recording of Farabi orchestras cost very cheaper than the other orchestras. Because the member of this orchestra were Frequently young and were paid just 15 toman
s per 4 hours. While the elder ones got 200 Iranian toman
s since we could not perform and record the "programs music" by a traditional instrument like "Tar
", thus all of the orders were given to the Farabi orchestra."
Hannaneh finally announced that:"Although all of my colleagues are worried about my resignation and make me change my decision, and according to their said, I shouldn't deliver this great responsibility to the artless persons. You know that our energy is limited and I can't to relate the whole disturbances. specially in the field of art .I face the affected and faithless activities and persons making me not to perform any remarkable work. I proved during these years that I devoted my life to help the people and I was at their service. If you compare our works in Farabi orchestra with the same ones in other orchestras, you will get the differences and qualities. Thus this is the educated young turn, to try and continue this way. Having positive activities we expected to be supported at least. If I knew how to play instrument just for funny and earning I would surely do it. I hope my resignation is agreed. I think that every noble and hungry man and woman in Iran prefer living freely to live in a poisonous situation."
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...
-Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
in 1963s.
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
and his colleagues : Fereydoon Nasseri the late , kasravi and Mrs. Shahniya for the second time in Iran music history succeeded to found another symphonic orchestra named Farabi in Iran radio.
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
is the true founder of the modern national music in Iran. He graduated from the Tehran conservatory (Honarestane Aliye Musiqi).He cooperated with Parviz Mahmood, the famous composer who supported him to found the Tehran symphonic orchestra. From 1952 to 1954, he was the conductor of this orchestra. He went to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
to study more and research on music in late 1954. Getting remarkable scientific experiences on music, he returned to Iran after eight years.
Farabi Orchestra started his activity from 1963 and then the interested people in new Iranian scientific music heard new works from radio that differed too much from the past. The music of Iran had come up to its life and it was expected to be continued more energetically and fondly .
In this period Farabi Orchestra performed many brilliant works. Unfortunately and suddenly this Orchestra cut his activity after 10 years.
Radio symphonic orchestra,(Farabi orchestra) was the victor in “Tribune Internationale des compositeurs”, International Rostrum of Composers
International Rostrum of Composers
The International Rostrum of Composers is an annual forum organized by the International Music Council that offers broadcasting representatives the opportunity to exchange and publicize pieces of contemporary classical music...
, Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
1966.Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
was invited by UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
to take part in the congress of the first world modern composers in Paris on June1966 . This was the first time that Iran was invited to take part in such congress. The composers should introduce their recorded works, of their countries in that congress. The best work must be performed lively in front of the audience on the Paris radio & TV. The selected ten tops were broadcast all over the world. This introduces the different nation's music to the world and every country was presented to the musical works of another country.
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
was invited from Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
to the congress for the first time. While no countries but Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
and turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
were invited among the whole Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
n and Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
n countries. Even the former Eastern Germany (D.D.R) after the three-year conflict took part in the congress for the first time and introduced his modern music.
Some developing countries opposed against the invitation of Iran to the congress. But the head of congress mentioned that Iran has been one of the developed countries which his music has improved simultaneously with Europe.
Morteza Hannaneh opinion about the UNESCO Congress
Hannaneh Wrote: "Today's modern music is a composition of sounds and voices in which even the voice of animals is heard. The west world is thirsty to find new voices and sounds and tries to bring the music out of any oldness and sentimentalism. So every country whose musical works was combination of expressions and feelings, was called laughing stoke and disappointed to succeed. Morteza HannanehMorteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
notes:"first, I worried about this subject, and although I myself was witness of modern music improvement in Italy, I got my given tape again .But when I heard the work of Russians and some other nations which had a form and a frame of instrumental music, I decided to return my recorded music tape from Iran to the congress. This work was made by Hannaneh the own. Its name was "The Dream of the little devil" from Oratorio
Oratorio
An oratorio is a large musical composition including an orchestra, a choir, and soloists. Like an opera, an oratorio includes the use of a choir, soloists, an ensemble, various distinguishable characters, and arias...
Bahram Yasht accompanied with the voice of Hossein Sarshar as the Tenor
Tenor
The tenor is a type of male singing voice and is the highest male voice within the modal register. The typical tenor voice lies between C3, the C one octave below middle C, to the A above middle C in choral music, and up to high C in solo work. The low extreme for tenors is roughly B2...
soloist and performed by Farabi radio symphonic orchestra. Everyone who heard the work, had a very good opinion about it. So the Jury agreed that it is the best modern music among the whole works since Iran had had remarkable changes in its music. The head of congress expressed: "we hope to hear more modern and interesting works and especially new voices from Iranian in near future".
Rest of the countries were not happy for this decision but they had to buy the best work from Iran and broadcast it from their countries. It was even recorded on a gramophone disk and became a universal work in modern music of Iran. After Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
, the best works were as following: Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
and France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
with 700 years experience and Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
could not succeed in this competition. The jury even laughed at the modern music of the (former Soviet Union) Russians
Russians
The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
, and called them backward.
In this situation the work of Iran not only wasn't funny but also was the best one.
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
said: "I hope to take part of Iran in this congress for the next years with new modern works. I invited all Iranian composers to introduce their partitures to the scientific music section of radio."
The reasons of stopping
Fereydoon Nasseri mentioned: "One of the biggest problems about the orchestra was reporting unreal news about the spent money for activity of it .For example they announced this money 4 times more than the reality. This was just the only orchestra which could keep the respectability of music of Iran. Except the solo instruments, the records of this orchestra were the only work sent to other countries and even won the first prize of the congress in Paris. It was broadcast through many foreign Radios."Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh
Morteza Hannaneh was a well-known Persian composer and horn player.- Musical career :...
said: "I prove that the recording of Farabi orchestras cost very cheaper than the other orchestras. Because the member of this orchestra were Frequently young and were paid just 15 toman
Iranian toman
The toman , is a superunit of the official currency of Iran, the rial. Toman, derived from a Mongolian word meaning ten thousand , was the currency of Iran until 1932. It was divided into 10,000 dinar. Between 1798 and 1825, the toman was also subdivided into 8 rial, each of 1250 dinar...
s per 4 hours. While the elder ones got 200 Iranian toman
Iranian toman
The toman , is a superunit of the official currency of Iran, the rial. Toman, derived from a Mongolian word meaning ten thousand , was the currency of Iran until 1932. It was divided into 10,000 dinar. Between 1798 and 1825, the toman was also subdivided into 8 rial, each of 1250 dinar...
s since we could not perform and record the "programs music" by a traditional instrument like "Tar
Tar
Tar is modified pitch produced primarily from the wood and roots of pine by destructive distillation under pyrolysis. Production and trade in tar was a major contributor in the economies of Northern Europe and Colonial America. Its main use was in preserving wooden vessels against rot. The largest...
", thus all of the orders were given to the Farabi orchestra."
Hannaneh finally announced that:"Although all of my colleagues are worried about my resignation and make me change my decision, and according to their said, I shouldn't deliver this great responsibility to the artless persons. You know that our energy is limited and I can't to relate the whole disturbances. specially in the field of art .I face the affected and faithless activities and persons making me not to perform any remarkable work. I proved during these years that I devoted my life to help the people and I was at their service. If you compare our works in Farabi orchestra with the same ones in other orchestras, you will get the differences and qualities. Thus this is the educated young turn, to try and continue this way. Having positive activities we expected to be supported at least. If I knew how to play instrument just for funny and earning I would surely do it. I hope my resignation is agreed. I think that every noble and hungry man and woman in Iran prefer living freely to live in a poisonous situation."