FESPIC Games
Encyclopedia
The FESPIC Games or the Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled, was the biggest multi-sports games in the Asia and South Pacific region.
The FESPIC Games, which started in 1975, was held nine times and bowed out a success in December 2006, at the conclusion of the 9th FESPIC Games in Kuala Lumpur
, Malaysia.
For Asian countries, the FESPIC Games is being replaced by the Asian Para Games
starting with the inaugural 1st Asian Para Games
which will be held in 2010 Guangzhou
, China
after the 16th Asian Games
. The Asian Para Games, the parallel event for athletes with physical disabilities, is a multi-sport event
held every four years after every Asian Games
. The FESPIC and Asian Games had adopted the strategy used by the Olympic and Paralympic Games of having both games in the same city.
The first FESPIC Games was held in Oita
, Japan
in 1975. There were limited opportunities for persons with disabilites in Asia
and the Pacific to participate in sports at the time. The FESPIC Games was launched to address this issue and promote understanding toward disabled persons in each country, as well as improve their social welfare.
The number of participant countries increased during FESPIC history. Central Asian countries Kazakhstan
, Uzbekistan
, Kyrgyzstan
, Turkmenistan
and Tajikistan
, as well as Azerbaijan
, first participated in the 7th FESPIC Games in 1999. The Middle Eastern countries were allowed to compete in the 9th FESPIC Games in 2006, along with Timor-Leste. Middle East countries were previously not allowed to compete in FESPIC Games from 1975 to 2002 because these countries were Africa/Middle Eastern members.
The 9th FESPIC Games was the last and final edition of the series which took place in 2006. For Asian countries, the FESPIC Games is being replaced by the Asian Para Games
, starting with the inaugural 2010 Asian Para Games
which will be held in 2010 Guangzhou
, China
after the 16th Asian Games.
and one edition from Youth Games
The FESPIC Games later on became the springboard for athletes from Asia and the Pacific to dream big and to reach the Paralympic Games
. Disabled sailing in Asia is one such sport. Teams from Australia
, China
, Malaysia, the Philippines
and Singapore
started in the 2006 FESPIC Games and consistently performed to sail
in the 2008 Beijing Paralympics, with Australian Rachel Cox and her helmsman winning the Silver in the 2-person Keelboat event.
Target Sports
Water Sports
Ball Sports
The FESPIC Games, which started in 1975, was held nine times and bowed out a success in December 2006, at the conclusion of the 9th FESPIC Games in Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur is the capital and the second largest city in Malaysia by population. The city proper, making up an area of , has a population of 1.4 million as of 2010. Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 7.2 million...
, Malaysia.
For Asian countries, the FESPIC Games is being replaced by the Asian Para Games
Asian Para Games
The Asian Para Games is a multi-sport event held every four years after every Asian Games for athletes with physical disabilities. The first Games was held in 2010 in Guangzhou, China after the 16th Asian Games...
starting with the inaugural 1st Asian Para Games
2010 Asian Para Games
The 2010 Asian Para Games, also known as the First Asian Para Games, was a parallel sport event for Asian athletes with a disability held in Guangzhou, China...
which will be held in 2010 Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
after the 16th Asian Games
2010 Asian Games
The 2010 Asian Games, also known as the XVI Asiad, was a multi-sport event celebrated in Guangzhou, China from November 12 to November 27, 2010. Guangzhou was the second Chinese city to host the Games, after Beijing in 1990...
. The Asian Para Games, the parallel event for athletes with physical disabilities, is a multi-sport event
Paralympic sports
The Paralympic sports comprise all the sports contested in the Summer and Winter Paralympic Games. As of 2010, the Summer Paralympics include 20 sports and disciplines and about 420 events, and the Winter Paralympics include 5 sports and disciplines and about 64 events...
held every four years after every Asian Games
Asian Games
The Asian Games, officially known as Asiad, is a multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia. The Games were regulated by the Asian Games Federation from the first Games in New Delhi, India, until the 1978 Games. Since the 1982 Games they have been organised by the...
. The FESPIC and Asian Games had adopted the strategy used by the Olympic and Paralympic Games of having both games in the same city.
Objectives
- to promote general interest and welfare for the disabled in the region through participation in sports events and other activities
- to deepen mutual understanding and friendship of the disabled
- to promote rehabilitation for the disabled in the region through sports activities
History
Oita
-Companies:*Oita Asahi Broadcasting, a Japanese broadcast network in Oita Prefecture, Japan*Oita Broadcasting System, a television company based in Ōita Prefecture, Japan-Education:*Oita Junior College, a private junior college in Ōita, Ōita Prefecture, Japan...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
in 1975. There were limited opportunities for persons with disabilites in Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
and the Pacific to participate in sports at the time. The FESPIC Games was launched to address this issue and promote understanding toward disabled persons in each country, as well as improve their social welfare.
The number of participant countries increased during FESPIC history. Central Asian countries Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...
, Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan , officially the Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia and one of the six independent Turkic states. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south....
, Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan , officially the Kyrgyz Republic is one of the world's six independent Turkic states . Located in Central Asia, landlocked and mountainous, Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the southwest and China to the east...
, Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan , formerly also known as Turkmenia is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic . Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states...
and Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Tajikistan , officially the Republic of Tajikistan , is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders it to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east....
, as well as Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
, first participated in the 7th FESPIC Games in 1999. The Middle Eastern countries were allowed to compete in the 9th FESPIC Games in 2006, along with Timor-Leste. Middle East countries were previously not allowed to compete in FESPIC Games from 1975 to 2002 because these countries were Africa/Middle Eastern members.
The 9th FESPIC Games was the last and final edition of the series which took place in 2006. For Asian countries, the FESPIC Games is being replaced by the Asian Para Games
Asian Para Games
The Asian Para Games is a multi-sport event held every four years after every Asian Games for athletes with physical disabilities. The first Games was held in 2010 in Guangzhou, China after the 16th Asian Games...
, starting with the inaugural 2010 Asian Para Games
2010 Asian Para Games
The 2010 Asian Para Games, also known as the First Asian Para Games, was a parallel sport event for Asian athletes with a disability held in Guangzhou, China...
which will be held in 2010 Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
after the 16th Asian Games.
| Year | Dates | City/ Country | Nations | Participants | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 1975 | Jun. 1 - 3 | Oita Oita -Companies:*Oita Asahi Broadcasting, a Japanese broadcast network in Oita Prefecture, Japan*Oita Broadcasting System, a television company based in Ōita Prefecture, Japan-Education:*Oita Junior College, a private junior college in Ōita, Ōita Prefecture, Japan... & Beppu, Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
18 | 973 |
| 2nd | 1977 | Nov. 20 - 26 | Merrylands, Sydney, Australia | 16 | 430 |
| 3rd | 1982 | Oct. 31-Nov. 7 | Sha Tin Sha Tin Sha Tin, also spelled Shatin, is an area around the Shing Mun River in the New Territories of Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Sha Tin District.-Geography:... , Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour... |
23 | 744 |
| 4th | 1986 | Aug. 31-Sep. 7 | Surakarta Surakarta Surakarta, also called Solo or Sala, is a city in Central Java, Indonesia of more than 520,061 people with a population density of 11,811.5 people/km2. The 44 km2 city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and... , Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an... |
19 | 834 |
| 5th | 1989 | Sep. 15-20 | Kobe Kobe , pronounced , is the fifth-largest city in Japan and is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture on the southern side of the main island of Honshū, approximately west of Osaka... , Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
41 | 1,646 |
| 6th | 1994 | Sep. 4-10 | Beijing Beijing Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's... , China China Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture... |
42 | 2,081 |
| 7th | 1999 | Jan. 10-16 | Bangkok Bangkok Bangkok is the capital and largest urban area city in Thailand. It is known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon or simply Krung Thep , meaning "city of angels." The full name of Bangkok is Krung Thep Mahanakhon Amon Rattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilok Phop Noppharat Ratchathani Burirom... , Thailand Thailand Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the... |
34 | 2,258 |
| 8th | 2002 | Oct. 26-Nov. 1 | Busan Busan Busan , formerly spelled Pusan is South Korea's second largest metropolis after Seoul, with a population of around 3.6 million. The Metropolitan area population is 4,399,515 as of 2010. It is the largest port city in South Korea and the fifth largest port in the world... , Korea Korea Korea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the... |
40 | 2,199 |
| 9th | 2006 | Nov. 25 - Dec. 1 | Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur is the capital and the second largest city in Malaysia by population. The city proper, making up an area of , has a population of 1.4 million as of 2010. Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 7.2 million... , Malaysia |
46 | 3,641 |
and one edition from Youth Games
| Year | Dates | City/ Country | Nations | Participants | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2003 | Dec. 24 - 27 | Kowloon Kowloon Kowloon is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. It is bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait in the east, Mei Foo Sun Chuen and Stonecutter's Island in the west, Tate's Cairn and Lion Rock in the north, and Victoria Harbour in the south. It had a population of... and Sha Tin Sha Tin Sha Tin, also spelled Shatin, is an area around the Shing Mun River in the New Territories of Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Sha Tin District.-Geography:... , Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour... |
15 | 584 |
The FESPIC Games later on became the springboard for athletes from Asia and the Pacific to dream big and to reach the Paralympic Games
Paralympic Games
The Paralympic Games are a major international multi-sport event where athletes with a physical disability compete; this includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and Cerebral Palsy. There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which are held immediately following their...
. Disabled sailing in Asia is one such sport. Teams from Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, Malaysia, the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
and Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
started in the 2006 FESPIC Games and consistently performed to sail
Sailing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Eighty athletes representing 25 countries in three keelboat classes - the 2.4mR, the SKUD 18, and the Sonar, took part in sailing in the 2008 Summer Paralympics...
in the 2008 Beijing Paralympics, with Australian Rachel Cox and her helmsman winning the Silver in the 2-person Keelboat event.
As participation in disabled sailing grows in that area of the world, the event is being considered as a developmental competition and will be sailed in the Access Liberty, of which 18 will be supplied at the event for competitors entering.
As a development sport at the event, and as disabled sailing is still in a developing form in FESPIC countries, the competition will be open to any sailor who is able to be classified under the IFDS Functional Classification System.
Sports
- Athletics
- Cycling
- Football 7 A-Side
- PowerliftingPowerlifting at the 2004 Summer ParalympicsPowerlifting at the 2004 Summer Paralympics did not have disability categories. There was a requirement for a minimum level of physical disbility, which may have been caused by amputation, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries or various other specified conditions. The only classification was by...
- JudoParalympic JudoParalympic judo is an adaptation of the Japanese martial art of judo for visually impaired competitors. The rules of the sport are only slightly different from regular judo competitions...
- Chess
Target Sports
- Archery
- Fencing
- Target ShootingParalympic shootingParalympic shooting is an adaptation of shooting sports for competitors with disabilities. Shooting is a test of accuracy and control, in which competitors use pistols or rifles to fire a series of shots at a stationary target. Competitions are open to all athletes with a physical disability....
Water Sports
- SailingSailing at the 2008 Summer ParalympicsEighty athletes representing 25 countries in three keelboat classes - the 2.4mR, the SKUD 18, and the Sonar, took part in sailing in the 2008 Summer Paralympics...
- Swimming
Ball Sports
- Badminton
- Boccia
- Ten-Pin Bowling
- Goalball
- Lawnbowls
- Table tennisParalympic table tennisParalympic table tennis is a Paralympic sport which follows the rules set by the International Table Tennis Federation with slight modifications for wheelchair athletes. Athletes from all disability groups can take part. Athletes receive classifications between 1-10...
- Wheelchair BasketballWheelchair basketballWheelchair basketball is basketball played by people in wheelchairs and is considered one of the major disabled sports practiced. The International Wheelchair Basketball Federation is the governing body for this sport. It is recognized by the International Paralympic Committee as the sole...
- Wheelchair TennisWheelchair TennisWheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for those who have disabilities in their lower bodies. The size of courts, balls, and rackets are same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis; they use specially designed wheelchairs and the ball may bounce up to two times...
- Wheelchair Volleyball
See also
- Asian GamesAsian GamesThe Asian Games, officially known as Asiad, is a multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia. The Games were regulated by the Asian Games Federation from the first Games in New Delhi, India, until the 1978 Games. Since the 1982 Games they have been organised by the...
- Disabled sport
- International Paralympic CommitteeInternational Paralympic CommitteeThe International Paralympic Committee is an international non-profit organisation and the global governing body for the Paralympic Movement. The IPC organizes the Paralympic Games and functions as the international federation for nine sports...
- Asian Para GamesAsian Para GamesThe Asian Para Games is a multi-sport event held every four years after every Asian Games for athletes with physical disabilities. The first Games was held in 2010 in Guangzhou, China after the 16th Asian Games...
External links
- The official website of 9th FESPIC Games
- 2010 Asian Games Guangzhou Official Website
- Dumapong wins silver in Busan FESPIC
- International Association for Disabled Sailing (IFDS)
- International Paralympic Committee
- Cerebral Palsy International Sport and Recreation Association
- International Blind Sports Association
- INAS-FID: International Sports Federation for Persons with Intellectual Disability
- International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation
- Discussion forum of Disabled sports