Dorothie Feilding
Encyclopedia
Lady Dorothie Mary Evelyn Feilding-Moore (aka "Dot" Feilding), better known as Dorothie Feilding, MM
, CdeG
, OLII
, (6 October 1889–24 October 1935) was a British heiress
who shunned her aristocratic
background to become a highly decorated volunteer nurse and ambulance
driver on the Western Front
during World War I. She was the first woman to be awarded the Military Medal
for bravery in the field. She also received the 1914 Star
, the Croix de guerre
from the French and the Order of Léopold II
from the Belgians
for services to their wounded.
and the Countess of Denbigh, Cecilia Mary Feilding (née Clifford), Feilding was one of ten children, three boys and seven girls. She was a distant relative of Henry Fielding
, the author of "Tom Jones
". As a child she was educated at home at Newnham Paddox, Monks Kirby
, Warwickshire
, and at the Convent of the Assumption in Paris, where she became fluent in French. She made her debut
in May 1908 at the age of 18, being presented to the King
and Queen of England
by her mother.
, who survived the war; Lieutenant-Commander the Hon. Hugh Feilding, Royal Navy
, killed in action on 31 May 1916 at the Battle of Jutland
; and Captain the Hon. Henry Feilding, also Coldstream Guards, who would die on 9 October 1917 from wounds received in action in Flanders
just three months after his sister had left.
In September 1914, after a short training course at Rugby
Hospital, Feilding traveled to the Western Front
in Belgium
where she began driving ambulances for the Munro Ambulance Corps (founded by Dr. Hector Munro), an all-volunteer
unit which included May Sinclair
, Elsie Knocker
and Mairi Chisholm
. This corps, comprising a convoy of motor ambulances donated by the British Red Cross
, consisted of transporting wounded men from front line positions between Nieuport
and Dixmude to the hospitals at Furnes
. Though she was from a privileged upbringing Feilding had an easy demeanor that transcended social boundaries, one that endeared her to all that she came in to contact with whether royalty or the ordinary fighting man. It was reported that her 'five o'clock teas' among the ruins of Furnes gained great fame among the Belgian officers and enlisted men stationed there.
Feilding's heroism was such that her ambulance work at Dixmude was recognized in a 'special order of the day' issued on 31 December 1914 by French Rear-Admiral Pierre Ronarc'h, commanding the Fusiliers Marins for which she subsequently received the French Croix de Guerre
(bronze star). In 1916, Commander Henry Crosby Halahan, RN
, Officer Commanding Royal Naval Siege Guns
, wrote the following letter of recommendation to Prince Alexander of Teck
, head of the British Military Mission in Belgium:
"I venture to submit that Lady Dorothie Feilding should in like manner be rewarded. The circumstances are peculiar in that, this being an isolated Unit, no Medical organization existed for clearing casualties other than this voluntary one and owing to indifferent means of communication etc, it was necessary for the Ambulance to be in close touch with the guns when in action. (She) was thus frequently exposed to risks which probably no other woman has undergone. She has always displayed a devotion to duty and contempt of danger which has been a source of admiration to all. I speak only of her work with the Naval Siege Guns, but your Serene Highness is also aware of her devoted services to the Belgian Army and to the French - notably to the Brigade des Marins."
This citation ultimately resulted in Feilding becoming the first woman to be awarded the Military Medal for bravery on the 1 September 1916 as notified in the London Gazette
. Five days later she was decorated with the medal by King George V himself at Windsor Castle
. She was also decorated by King Albert I
with the Belgian Order of Léopold II
, Knights Cross (with palm) for service to his country's wounded. In her letters, which she wrote home to Newnham Paddox almost daily, Feilding would reflect on the tragedy and horror of war and also the problems of being a woman at the front contending with gossip
, shells
, funding
, lice (which forced many of the nurses to cut their hair short), vehicle maintenance
and inconvenient marriage proposals. After two years at the front she began to look pale and tired. She served with the corps in Flanders until June 1917 when she returned home to get married. On 5 July 1917, Feilding wed Captain Charles Joseph Henry O'Hara Moore, MC, of Mooresfort, Tipperary
. She moved to Warley, Middlesex
where her husband was stationed in the 2nd battalion, Irish Guards
. After a brief honeymoon period, Feilding was back behind the wheel of an ambulance, ferrying the wounded around London.
. They had four daughters (Ruth, Celia, Edith and June) and one son (Arthur). Feilding became an active member of the British Legion as well as being President of the Tipperary Jubilee Nursing
Association and the local Agricultural Show
Society. She had always been a keen huntswoman
and this continued in Ireland
where she was a regular feature at hunt
meets, especially the Scarteen Hunt. In 1935, the Irish Times stated she had been "prominently associated with the Scarteen Hunt to the success of which her great organizing powers in no small degree contributed." In no small measure, these powers had been honed during her time with the Munro Corps. Her husband had a stud
at Mooresfort and the couple regularly attended race meetings
in Ireland and England.
Digital archive
Military Medal
The Military Medal was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land....
, CdeG
Croix de guerre
The Croix de guerre is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was awarded during World War I, again in World War II, and in other conflicts...
, OLII
Order of Leopold II
The Order of Leopold II is an order of Belgium and is named in honor of King Léopold II. The decoration was established on 24 August 1900 by Leopold II as king of the Congo Free State and was in 1908, upon Congo being handed over to Belgium, incorporated into the Belgian awards system...
, (6 October 1889–24 October 1935) was a British heiress
Beneficiary
A beneficiary in the broadest sense is a natural person or other legal entity who receives money or other benefits from a benefactor. For example: The beneficiary of a life insurance policy, is the person who receives the payment of the amount of insurance after the death of the insured...
who shunned her aristocratic
Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy are people considered to be in the highest social class in a society which has or once had a political system of Aristocracy. Aristocrats possess hereditary titles granted by a monarch, which once granted them feudal or legal privileges, or deriving, as in Ancient Greece and India,...
background to become a highly decorated volunteer nurse and ambulance
Ambulance
An ambulance is a vehicle for transportation of sick or injured people to, from or between places of treatment for an illness or injury, and in some instances will also provide out of hospital medical care to the patient...
driver on the Western Front
Western Front (World War I)
Following the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by first invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne...
during World War I. She was the first woman to be awarded the Military Medal
Military Medal
The Military Medal was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land....
for bravery in the field. She also received the 1914 Star
1914 Star
The 1914 Star was a British Empire campaign medal for service in World War I.The 1914 Star was approved in 1917, for issue to officers and men of British forces who served in France or Belgium between 5 August and midnight 22/23 November 1914...
, the Croix de guerre
Croix de guerre
The Croix de guerre is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was awarded during World War I, again in World War II, and in other conflicts...
from the French and the Order of Léopold II
Order of Leopold II
The Order of Leopold II is an order of Belgium and is named in honor of King Léopold II. The decoration was established on 24 August 1900 by Leopold II as king of the Congo Free State and was in 1908, upon Congo being handed over to Belgium, incorporated into the Belgian awards system...
from the Belgians
Belgians
Belgians are people originating from the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe.-Etymology:Belgians are a relatively "new" people...
for services to their wounded.
Early life
Born on October 6, 1889 to Rudolph Feilding, 9th Earl of DenbighRudolph Feilding, 9th Earl of Denbigh
Rudolph Robert Basil Aloysius Augustine Feilding, 9th Earl of Denbigh, 8th Earl of Desmond GCVO TD DL JP , styled Viscount Feilding from 1865 to 1892, was the eldest son of the 8th Earl of Denbigh and Mary Berkeley, the daughter of Robert Berkeley and Henrietta Benfield.Feilding was an artillery...
and the Countess of Denbigh, Cecilia Mary Feilding (née Clifford), Feilding was one of ten children, three boys and seven girls. She was a distant relative of Henry Fielding
Henry Fielding
Henry Fielding was an English novelist and dramatist known for his rich earthy humour and satirical prowess, and as the author of the novel Tom Jones....
, the author of "Tom Jones
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, often known simply as Tom Jones, is a comic novel by the English playwright and novelist Henry Fielding. First published on 28 February 1749, Tom Jones is among the earliest English prose works describable as a novel...
". As a child she was educated at home at Newnham Paddox, Monks Kirby
Monks Kirby
Monks Kirby is a village and civil parish in north-eastern Warwickshire, England. The population of the parish is 434 .Monks Kirby is located around one mile east of the old Fosse Way, around 8 miles north-west of Rugby, seven miles north-east of Coventry and six miles west of Lutterworth....
, Warwickshire
Warwickshire
Warwickshire is a landlocked non-metropolitan county in the West Midlands region of England. The county town is Warwick, although the largest town is Nuneaton. The county is famous for being the birthplace of William Shakespeare...
, and at the Convent of the Assumption in Paris, where she became fluent in French. She made her debut
Debutante
A débutante is a young lady from an aristocratic or upper class family who has reached the age of maturity, and as a new adult, is introduced to society at a formal "début" presentation. It should not be confused with a Debs...
in May 1908 at the age of 18, being presented to the King
Edward VII of the United Kingdom
Edward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...
and Queen of England
Alexandra of Denmark
Alexandra of Denmark was the wife of Edward VII of the United Kingdom...
by her mother.
World War I
Like many of her siblings, Feilding felt the need to do her part when war broke out. Three of her sisters, Lady Clare, Lady Elizabeth ("Bettie"), and Lady Victoria would serve, as well as three brothers: Major Rudolph, Viscount Feilding, Coldstream GuardsColdstream Guards
Her Majesty's Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards, also known officially as the Coldstream Guards , is a regiment of the British Army, part of the Guards Division or Household Division....
, who survived the war; Lieutenant-Commander the Hon. Hugh Feilding, Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
, killed in action on 31 May 1916 at the Battle of Jutland
Battle of Jutland
The Battle of Jutland was a naval battle between the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet and the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet during the First World War. The battle was fought on 31 May and 1 June 1916 in the North Sea near Jutland, Denmark. It was the largest naval battle and the only...
; and Captain the Hon. Henry Feilding, also Coldstream Guards, who would die on 9 October 1917 from wounds received in action in Flanders
Flanders
Flanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
just three months after his sister had left.
In September 1914, after a short training course at Rugby
Rugby, Warwickshire
Rugby is a market town in Warwickshire, England, located on the River Avon. The town has a population of 61,988 making it the second largest town in the county...
Hospital, Feilding traveled to the Western Front
Western Front (World War I)
Following the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by first invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne...
in Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
where she began driving ambulances for the Munro Ambulance Corps (founded by Dr. Hector Munro), an all-volunteer
Volunteering
Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity, intended to promote good or improve human quality of life, but people also volunteer for their own skill development, to meet others, to make contacts for possible employment, to have fun, and a variety of other reasons that could be...
unit which included May Sinclair
May Sinclair
May Sinclair was the pseudonym of Mary Amelia St. Clair , a popular British writer who wrote about two dozen novels, short stories and poetry. She was an active suffragist, and member of the Woman Writers' Suffrage League...
, Elsie Knocker
Elsie Knocker
Elsie Knocker was a British nurse and ambulance driver in World War I who, together with her friend Mairi Chisholm, won numerous medals for bravery and for saving the lives of thousands of soldiers on the Western Front in Belgium...
and Mairi Chisholm
Mairi Chisholm
Mairi Lambert Gooden-Chisholm of Chisholm , OLII, MM, OStJ, OEB, was a Scottish nurse and ambulance driver in the First World War who, together with her friend Elsie Knocker, won numerous medals for bravery and for saving the lives of thousands of soldiers in on the Western Front in Belgium...
. This corps, comprising a convoy of motor ambulances donated by the British Red Cross
British Red Cross
The British Red Cross Society is the United Kingdom branch of the worldwide impartial humanitarian organisation the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The society was formed in 1870, and is a registered charity with over 31,000 volunteers and 2,600 staff. At the heart of their work...
, consisted of transporting wounded men from front line positions between Nieuport
Nieuwpoort, Belgium
Nieuwpoort is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Nieuwpoort proper and the towns of Ramskapelle and Sint-Joris. On January 1, 2008 Nieuwpoort had a total population of 11,062....
and Dixmude to the hospitals at Furnes
Veurne
Veurne is a city and municipality in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the town of Veurne proper and the settlements of Avekapelle, Booitshoeke, Bulskamp, De Moeren, Eggewaartskapelle, Houtem, Steenkerke, Vinkem, Wulveringem, and Zoutenaaie.-Origins in the 15th...
. Though she was from a privileged upbringing Feilding had an easy demeanor that transcended social boundaries, one that endeared her to all that she came in to contact with whether royalty or the ordinary fighting man. It was reported that her 'five o'clock teas' among the ruins of Furnes gained great fame among the Belgian officers and enlisted men stationed there.
Feilding's heroism was such that her ambulance work at Dixmude was recognized in a 'special order of the day' issued on 31 December 1914 by French Rear-Admiral Pierre Ronarc'h, commanding the Fusiliers Marins for which she subsequently received the French Croix de Guerre
Croix de guerre
The Croix de guerre is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was awarded during World War I, again in World War II, and in other conflicts...
(bronze star). In 1916, Commander Henry Crosby Halahan, RN
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
, Officer Commanding Royal Naval Siege Guns
BL 12 inch Mk X naval gun
The BL 12 inch Gun Mark X was a British 45-calibres naval gun which was mounted as primary armament on battleships and battlecruisers from 1906...
, wrote the following letter of recommendation to Prince Alexander of Teck
Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone
Major-General Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone , was a close relative of the shared British and Canadian royal family, as well as a British military commander and major-general who served as Governor-General of the Union of South Africa, the...
, head of the British Military Mission in Belgium:
"I venture to submit that Lady Dorothie Feilding should in like manner be rewarded. The circumstances are peculiar in that, this being an isolated Unit, no Medical organization existed for clearing casualties other than this voluntary one and owing to indifferent means of communication etc, it was necessary for the Ambulance to be in close touch with the guns when in action. (She) was thus frequently exposed to risks which probably no other woman has undergone. She has always displayed a devotion to duty and contempt of danger which has been a source of admiration to all. I speak only of her work with the Naval Siege Guns, but your Serene Highness is also aware of her devoted services to the Belgian Army and to the French - notably to the Brigade des Marins."
This citation ultimately resulted in Feilding becoming the first woman to be awarded the Military Medal for bravery on the 1 September 1916 as notified in the London Gazette
London Gazette
The London Gazette is one of the official journals of record of the British government, and the most important among such official journals in the United Kingdom, in which certain statutory notices are required to be published...
. Five days later she was decorated with the medal by King George V himself at Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle is a medieval castle and royal residence in Windsor in the English county of Berkshire, notable for its long association with the British royal family and its architecture. The original castle was built after the Norman invasion by William the Conqueror. Since the time of Henry I it...
. She was also decorated by King Albert I
Albert I of Belgium
Albert I reigned as King of the Belgians from 1909 until 1934.-Early life:Born Albert Léopold Clément Marie Meinrad in Brussels, he was the fifth child and second son of Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders, and his wife, Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen...
with the Belgian Order of Léopold II
Order of Leopold II
The Order of Leopold II is an order of Belgium and is named in honor of King Léopold II. The decoration was established on 24 August 1900 by Leopold II as king of the Congo Free State and was in 1908, upon Congo being handed over to Belgium, incorporated into the Belgian awards system...
, Knights Cross (with palm) for service to his country's wounded. In her letters, which she wrote home to Newnham Paddox almost daily, Feilding would reflect on the tragedy and horror of war and also the problems of being a woman at the front contending with gossip
Gossip
Gossip is idle talk or rumour, especially about the personal or private affairs of others, It is one of the oldest and most common means of sharing facts and views, but also has a reputation for the introduction of errors and variations into the information transmitted...
, shells
Shell (projectile)
A shell is a payload-carrying projectile, which, as opposed to shot, contains an explosive or other filling, though modern usage sometimes includes large solid projectiles properly termed shot . Solid shot may contain a pyrotechnic compound if a tracer or spotting charge is used...
, funding
Fundraising
Fundraising or fund raising is the process of soliciting and gathering voluntary contributions as money or other resources, by requesting donations from individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies...
, lice (which forced many of the nurses to cut their hair short), vehicle maintenance
Service (motor vehicle)
A motor vehicle service is a series of maintenance procedures carried out at a set time interval or after the vehicle has travelled a certain distance...
and inconvenient marriage proposals. After two years at the front she began to look pale and tired. She served with the corps in Flanders until June 1917 when she returned home to get married. On 5 July 1917, Feilding wed Captain Charles Joseph Henry O'Hara Moore, MC, of Mooresfort, Tipperary
Tipperary
Tipperary is a town and a civil parish in South Tipperary in Ireland. Its population was 4,415 at the 2006 census. It is also an ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly, and is in the historical barony of Clanwilliam....
. She moved to Warley, Middlesex
Middlesex
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time...
where her husband was stationed in the 2nd battalion, Irish Guards
Irish Guards
The Irish Guards , part of the Guards Division, is a Foot Guards regiment of the British Army.Along with the Royal Irish Regiment, it is one of the two Irish regiments remaining in the British Army. The Irish Guards recruit in Northern Ireland and the Irish neighbourhoods of major British cities...
. After a brief honeymoon period, Feilding was back behind the wheel of an ambulance, ferrying the wounded around London.
Post-War years
After the war, the couple lived most of the year at his ancestral home, Mooresfort House in South TipperaryTipperary
Tipperary is a town and a civil parish in South Tipperary in Ireland. Its population was 4,415 at the 2006 census. It is also an ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly, and is in the historical barony of Clanwilliam....
. They had four daughters (Ruth, Celia, Edith and June) and one son (Arthur). Feilding became an active member of the British Legion as well as being President of the Tipperary Jubilee Nursing
Nursing
Nursing is a healthcare profession focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life from conception to death....
Association and the local Agricultural Show
Agricultural show
An agricultural show is a public event showcasing the equipment, animals, sports and recreation associated with agriculture and animal husbandry. The largest comprise a livestock show , a trade fair, competitions, and entertainment...
Society. She had always been a keen huntswoman
Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom
Hunting and shooting have been practised for many centuries in the United Kingdom and, in some areas, are a major part of British rural culture...
and this continued in Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
where she was a regular feature at hunt
Hunt
Hunt may refer to:* Hunting* Hunt * Hunt * Hunt, Idaho* Hunt, Texas* Hunt, California, former name of McFarland, California*Hunt v. Cromartie, 1999 U.S...
meets, especially the Scarteen Hunt. In 1935, the Irish Times stated she had been "prominently associated with the Scarteen Hunt to the success of which her great organizing powers in no small degree contributed." In no small measure, these powers had been honed during her time with the Munro Corps. Her husband had a stud
Horse breeding
Horse breeding is reproduction in horses, and particularly the human-directed process of selective breeding of animals, particularly purebred horses of a given breed. Planned matings can be used to produce specifically desired characteristics in domesticated horses...
at Mooresfort and the couple regularly attended race meetings
Horse racing
Horse racing is an equestrian sport that has a long history. Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in ancient Babylon, Syria, and Egypt. Both chariot and mounted horse racing were events in the ancient Greek Olympics by 648 BC...
in Ireland and England.
Death
Feilding died of heart failure in Tipperary on 24 October 1935 at the age of 46. She was brought back home to Warwickshire and buried on 27 October in the family plot at the Monks Kirby Roman Catholic cemetery.Awards and decorations
| Military Medal Military Medal The Military Medal was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land.... |
| Knight of the Order of Léopold II Order of Leopold II The Order of Leopold II is an order of Belgium and is named in honor of King Léopold II. The decoration was established on 24 August 1900 by Leopold II as king of the Congo Free State and was in 1908, upon Congo being handed over to Belgium, incorporated into the Belgian awards system... with Palm |
 French Croix de GuerreCroix de guerre The Croix de guerre is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was awarded during World War I, again in World War II, and in other conflicts... |
| 1914 Star 1914 Star The 1914 Star was a British Empire campaign medal for service in World War I.The 1914 Star was approved in 1917, for issue to officers and men of British forces who served in France or Belgium between 5 August and midnight 22/23 November 1914... |
See also
- Elsie KnockerElsie KnockerElsie Knocker was a British nurse and ambulance driver in World War I who, together with her friend Mairi Chisholm, won numerous medals for bravery and for saving the lives of thousands of soldiers on the Western Front in Belgium...
- Mairi ChisholmMairi ChisholmMairi Lambert Gooden-Chisholm of Chisholm , OLII, MM, OStJ, OEB, was a Scottish nurse and ambulance driver in the First World War who, together with her friend Elsie Knocker, won numerous medals for bravery and for saving the lives of thousands of soldiers in on the Western Front in Belgium...
- May SinclairMay SinclairMay Sinclair was the pseudonym of Mary Amelia St. Clair , a popular British writer who wrote about two dozen novels, short stories and poetry. She was an active suffragist, and member of the Woman Writers' Suffrage League...
- Albert I of BelgiumAlbert I of BelgiumAlbert I reigned as King of the Belgians from 1909 until 1934.-Early life:Born Albert Léopold Clément Marie Meinrad in Brussels, he was the fifth child and second son of Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders, and his wife, Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen...
- Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of AthloneAlexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of AthloneMajor-General Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone , was a close relative of the shared British and Canadian royal family, as well as a British military commander and major-general who served as Governor-General of the Union of South Africa, the...
- Western FrontWestern Front (World War I)Following the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by first invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne...
External links
Online text- Elsie And Mairi Go To War: Two Extraordinary Women On The Western Front (2009) by Diane Atkinson at KoboKoboKobo may refer to:* the subunit of the Nigerian currency naira* Kōbō Abe, a Japanese writer* Kōbō-Daishi, the posthumous title of Kūkai, a Japanese monk* Kobo, Ethiopia* Kobo , the district in which Kobo, Ethiopia is located...
- The Cellar-House of Pervyse (1917) at Internet ArchiveInternet ArchiveThe Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It offers permanent storage and access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, music, moving images, and nearly 3 million public domain books. The Internet Archive...
. - Seeking Wounded on the Battle Front (1914) at New York Times
- Part II: Furnes (1918) from 'A War Nurse's Diary; Sketches from a Belgian Field Hospital'
- Women in the War (1914) from the magazine 'T.P.'s Great Deeds of the Great War' at greatwardifferent.com
- A Surgeon in Belgium (1915) by Henry Sessions Souttar at Google Books
- A War Nurse's Diary (1917) at greatwardifferent.com
- Women in Print (1917) from The Evening Post
- Braves Death Daily (1915) from Grey River Argus
- Some of My Experiences in the Great War (2009) by E. Ashmead-Bartlet at Google Books
- Current History of the European War, Vol 1, Issue 4 (1915) at the New York Times
Digital archive
- The Nurses Story: Tending the Wounded at the Front at National Library of ScotlandNational Library of ScotlandThe National Library of Scotland is the legal deposit library of Scotland and is one of the country's National Collections. It is based in a collection of buildings in Edinburgh city centre. The headquarters is on George IV Bridge, between the Old Town and the university quarter...
- "museum fusiliers marins France"