Crampton locomotive
Encyclopedia
A Crampton locomotive is a type of steam locomotive
designed by Thomas Russell Crampton
and built by various firms from 1846
. The main British builders were Tulk and Ley
and Robert Stephenson and Company
.
Notable features were a low boiler
and large driving wheels. The crux of the Crampton patent was that the single driving axle was placed behind the firebox, so that the driving wheels could be very large. This helped to give this design a low centre of gravity, so that it did not require a very broad-gauge track to travel safely at high speeds. Its wheel arrangement
was usually 4-2-0
or 6-2-0
.
located in front of the firebox and the crankshaft was connected to the driving wheels by outside rods. Some long-wheelbase 0-4-0
tank locomotive
s were also built using this crankshaft system. The boiler feed-pump was often driven from the crankshaft as well because many Cramptons were built before the injector
was invented.
Another peculiarity on some Crampton locomotives was the use of a boiler of oval cross-section, to lower the centre of gravity. It would nowadays be regarded as bad engineering practice because the internal pressure would tend to push the boiler into a circular cross-section and increase the risk of metal fatigue
.
. They were more popular in France
, southern Germany
and the US
. In France the expression "prendre la Crampton" meant to catch an express. One of the French examples has been preserved in the Cité du Train
(the French Railway Museum) at Mulhouse
and is still in working order. This is number 80 of the Chemin de Fer de l'Est, the Paris
-Strasbourg
line, which is named "Le Continent".
Below is a list of British-built Crampton locomotives:
Built by: Tulk and Ley
, all of 4-2-0
wheel arrangement:
Notes
----
Built by: Robert Stephenson and Company
Robert Stephenson and Company built a number of Crampton type locomotives for the South Eastern Railway
and the London, Chatham and Dover Railway
. These were all of 4-2-0
wheel arrangement with inside cylinders and indirect drive. The inside cylinders drove a crankshaft
located in front of the firebox and the crankshaft was coupled to the driving wheels by outside rods.
Notes:
----
Built by: Bury, Curtis, and Kennedy
, all 4-2-0 except Liverpool which was 6-2-0.
----
Built by: E. B. Wilson and Company
----
Built by: R and W Hawthorn
4-4-0
ST
----
Built by: various builders
Notes:
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
designed by Thomas Russell Crampton
Thomas Russell Crampton
Thomas Russell Crampton, MICE, MIMechE was an English engineer born at Broadstairs, Kent, and trained on Brunel's Great Western Railway....
and built by various firms from 1846
1846 in rail transport
-January events:* January 13 - Opening of the Milan–Venice railway's bridge over the Venetian Lagoon between Mestre and Venice in Italy.-March events:* March 26 - John M...
. The main British builders were Tulk and Ley
Tulk and Ley
Tulk and Ley was a 19th century iron mining company in west Cumbria which also ran an engineering works at Lowca near Whitehaven.-Overview:Established on the Lowca site in 1800 as "Heslops, Milward, Johnston & Co."- the engineering and ironfounding expertise coming from the brothers Adam, Thomas &...
and Robert Stephenson and Company
Robert Stephenson and Company
Robert Stephenson and Company was a locomotive manufacturing company founded in 1823. It was the first company set up specifically to build railway engines.- Foundation and early success :...
.
Notable features were a low boiler
Boiler
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications.-Materials:...
and large driving wheels. The crux of the Crampton patent was that the single driving axle was placed behind the firebox, so that the driving wheels could be very large. This helped to give this design a low centre of gravity, so that it did not require a very broad-gauge track to travel safely at high speeds. Its wheel arrangement
Wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed beneath a locomotive.. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country...
was usually 4-2-0
4-2-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-2-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, two powered and coupled driving wheels on one axle, and no trailing wheels...
or 6-2-0
6-2-0
In the Whyte notation, a 6-2-0 is a railroad steam locomotive that has an unpowered three-axle leading truck followed by a single powered driving axle...
.
Design variations
Because the single driving axle was behind the firebox, Crampton locomotives usually had outside cylinders. However, some inside cylinder versions were built using indirect drive, then known as a jackshaft. The inside cylinders drove a crankshaftCrankshaft
The crankshaft, sometimes casually abbreviated to crank, is the part of an engine which translates reciprocating linear piston motion into rotation...
located in front of the firebox and the crankshaft was connected to the driving wheels by outside rods. Some long-wheelbase 0-4-0
0-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-0 represents one of the simplest possible types, that with two axles and four coupled wheels, all of which are driven...
tank locomotive
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
s were also built using this crankshaft system. The boiler feed-pump was often driven from the crankshaft as well because many Cramptons were built before the injector
Injector
ʎ̩An injector, ejector, steam ejector, steam injector, eductor-jet pump or thermocompressor is a pump-like device that uses the Venturi effect of a converging-diverging nozzle to convert the pressure energy of a motive fluid to velocity energy which creates a low pressure zone that dɯaws in and...
was invented.
Another peculiarity on some Crampton locomotives was the use of a boiler of oval cross-section, to lower the centre of gravity. It would nowadays be regarded as bad engineering practice because the internal pressure would tend to push the boiler into a circular cross-section and increase the risk of metal fatigue
Metal Fatigue
Metal Fatigue , is a futuristic science fiction, real-time strategy computer game developed by Zono Incorporated and published by Psygnosis and TalonSoft .-Plot:...
.
Usage
Crampton locomotives were used by some British railways and speeds of up to 120km/h (75mph) were achieved on the LNWRLondon and North Western Railway
The London and North Western Railway was a British railway company between 1846 and 1922. It was created by the merger of three companies – the Grand Junction Railway, the London and Birmingham Railway and the Manchester and Birmingham Railway...
. They were more popular in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, southern Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
and the US
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. In France the expression "prendre la Crampton" meant to catch an express. One of the French examples has been preserved in the Cité du Train
Musée Français du Chemin de Fer
The Cité du train , the French national railway museum is the biggest railway museum in the world, this one being situated in Mulhouse...
(the French Railway Museum) at Mulhouse
Mulhouse
Mulhouse |mill]] hamlet) is a city and commune in eastern France, close to the Swiss and German borders. With a population of 110,514 and 278,206 inhabitants in the metropolitan area in 2006, it is the largest city in the Haut-Rhin département, and the second largest in the Alsace region after...
and is still in working order. This is number 80 of the Chemin de Fer de l'Est, the Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
-Strasbourg
Strasbourg
Strasbourg is the capital and principal city of the Alsace region in eastern France and is the official seat of the European Parliament. Located close to the border with Germany, it is the capital of the Bas-Rhin département. The city and the region of Alsace are historically German-speaking,...
line, which is named "Le Continent".
Locomotive list
Approximate numbers of Crampton-type locomotives built in Europe were:- Great Britain 51
- France 127
- Germany 135
Below is a list of British-built Crampton locomotives:
Built by: Tulk and Ley
Tulk and Ley
Tulk and Ley was a 19th century iron mining company in west Cumbria which also ran an engineering works at Lowca near Whitehaven.-Overview:Established on the Lowca site in 1800 as "Heslops, Milward, Johnston & Co."- the engineering and ironfounding expertise coming from the brothers Adam, Thomas &...
, all of 4-2-0
4-2-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-2-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, two powered and coupled driving wheels on one axle, and no trailing wheels...
wheel arrangement:
| Date built | Works no. | Railway | Name/no. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1846 | 10 | Namur and Liege Railway | Namur | (1) |
| 1846 | 11 | Namur and Liege Railway | Liege | (1) |
| 1847 | 12 | LNWR | 200 London | (2)(3) |
| 1847 | 14 | D&P&AJR | Kinnaird | (4) |
| 1847 | 13 | South Eastern Railway South Eastern Railway (UK) The South Eastern Railway was a railway company in south-eastern England from 1836 until 1922. The company was formed to construct a route from London to Dover. Branch lines were later opened to Tunbridge Wells, Hastings, Canterbury and other places in Kent... |
81 | |
| 1847 | 15 | South Eastern Railway | 83 | |
| 1847 | 16 | South Eastern Railway | 85 | |
| 1854 | 17 | Maryport and Carlisle Railway Maryport and Carlisle Railway The Maryport & Carlisle Railway was a small but highly profitable railway formed in 1836 to connect the town of Maryport to the county town of Carlisle and to allow the output of collieries inland of Maryport to be more cheaply transported to Maryport for oward movement by sea. Its headquarters... |
12 | |
Notes
- Namur was tested over 2300 miles (3,701.5 km) on the Grand Junction RailwayGrand Junction RailwayThe Grand Junction Railway was an early railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed between 1833 and 1846 when it was merged into the London and North Western Railway...
and ultimately purchased by SER, speeds up to 62 miles per hour (99.8 km/h) were recorded. Delivery of Liege to Belgium was delayed, and her ultimate fate is uncertain. - The LNWR obtained two other Crampton-type locomotives: Courier, 4-2-0, built at Crewe WorksCrewe WorksCrewe railway works is a British railway engineering facility built in 1840 by the Grand Junction Railway. It is located in the town of Crewe, in the county of Cheshire....
in 1847 and Liverpool, 6-2-06-2-0In the Whyte notation, a 6-2-0 is a railroad steam locomotive that has an unpowered three-axle leading truck followed by a single powered driving axle...
, built by Bury, Curtis, and KennedyBury, Curtis, and KennedyBury, Curtis and Kennedy was a steam locomotive manufacturer in Liverpool, England.Edward Bury set up his works in 1826, under the name of Edward Bury and Company. He employed James Kennedy, who had gained experience of locomotive production under Robert Stephenson and Mather, Dixon and Company,...
. - LNWR No.200 London, larger boiler and cylinders than Namur. Later rebuilt as an 0-4-20-4-2Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-2 represents the wheel arrangement with no leading wheels, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
. - Dundee and Perth and Aberdeen Junction Railway, absorbed by the Scottish Central RailwayScottish Central RailwayThe Scottish Central Railway was formed in 1845 to link the Caledonian Railway near Castlecary to the Scottish Midland Junction Railway at Perth...
in 1863
----
Built by: Robert Stephenson and Company
Robert Stephenson and Company
Robert Stephenson and Company was a locomotive manufacturing company founded in 1823. It was the first company set up specifically to build railway engines.- Foundation and early success :...
Robert Stephenson and Company built a number of Crampton type locomotives for the South Eastern Railway
South Eastern Railway (UK)
The South Eastern Railway was a railway company in south-eastern England from 1836 until 1922. The company was formed to construct a route from London to Dover. Branch lines were later opened to Tunbridge Wells, Hastings, Canterbury and other places in Kent...
and the London, Chatham and Dover Railway
London, Chatham and Dover Railway
The London, Chatham and Dover Railway was a railway company in south-eastern England from 1859 until the 1923 grouping which united it with other companies to form the Southern Railway. Its lines ran through London and northern and eastern Kent to form a significant part of the Greater London...
. These were all of 4-2-0
4-2-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-2-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, two powered and coupled driving wheels on one axle, and no trailing wheels...
wheel arrangement with inside cylinders and indirect drive. The inside cylinders drove a crankshaft
Crankshaft
The crankshaft, sometimes casually abbreviated to crank, is the part of an engine which translates reciprocating linear piston motion into rotation...
located in front of the firebox and the crankshaft was coupled to the driving wheels by outside rods.
| Date built | Works no. | Railway | No./Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1851 | 785 | South Eastern Railway | 134 | |
| 1851 | 786 | South Eastern Railway | 135 | |
| 1851 | 787 | South Eastern Railway | 136 Folkstone | (1) |
| 1851 | 788 | South Eastern Railway | 137 | |
| 1851 | 789 | South Eastern Railway | 138 | |
| 1851 | 790 | South Eastern Railway | 139 | |
| 1851 | 791 | South Eastern Railway | 140 | |
| 1851 | 792 | South Eastern Railway | 141 | |
| 1851 | 793 | South Eastern Railway | 142 | |
| 1851 | 794 | South Eastern Railway | 143 | |
| 1851 | Prussian Eastern Railways | England | ||
| 1851 | Prussian Eastern Railways | |||
| 1851 | Prussian Eastern Railways | |||
| 1851 | Prussian Eastern Railways | |||
| 1851 | Prussian Eastern Railways | |||
| 1851 | Prussian Eastern Railways | |||
| 1862 | 1381 | London, Chatham and Dover Railway London, Chatham and Dover Railway The London, Chatham and Dover Railway was a railway company in south-eastern England from 1859 until the 1923 grouping which united it with other companies to form the Southern Railway. Its lines ran through London and northern and eastern Kent to form a significant part of the Greater London... |
Coquette | (2) |
| 1862 | 1382 | Echo | ||
| 1862 | 1383 | Flirt | ||
| 1862 | 1384 | Flora | ||
| 1862 | 1385 | Sylph | ||
Notes:
- The name should have read FolkestoneFolkestoneFolkestone is the principal town in the Shepway District of Kent, England. Its original site was in a valley in the sea cliffs and it developed through fishing and its closeness to the Continent as a landing place and trading port. The coming of the railways, the building of a ferry port, and its...
but was mis-spelled on the plate. This locomotive was displayed at The Great ExhibitionThe Great ExhibitionThe Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations or The Great Exhibition, sometimes referred to as the Crystal Palace Exhibition in reference to the temporary structure in which it was held, was an international exhibition that took place in Hyde Park, London, from 1 May to 15 October...
of 1851. http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/eGallery/object.asp?category=EAPHOTOGRAPHS&object=2800094&row=7 Bogie wheels 3 in 6 in (1.07 m) diameter, driving wheels 6 feet (1.83 m) diameter. Cylinders 15"x 22" (380mmx560mm). Weight 26¼ Tons. - LCDR Echo class; rebuilt as conventional 4-4-0s in 1865–1866. They were not given numbers until 1874.
----
Built by: Bury, Curtis, and Kennedy
Bury, Curtis, and Kennedy
Bury, Curtis and Kennedy was a steam locomotive manufacturer in Liverpool, England.Edward Bury set up his works in 1826, under the name of Edward Bury and Company. He employed James Kennedy, who had gained experience of locomotive production under Robert Stephenson and Mather, Dixon and Company,...
, all 4-2-0 except Liverpool which was 6-2-0.
| Date built | Works no. | Railway | No./Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1848 | 355 | LNWR | Liverpool | (1) |
| 1848 | ? | South Eastern Railway | 68 | |
| 1848 | ? | South Eastern Railway | 69 | |
| 1848 | ? | South Eastern Railway | 72 | |
| 1848 | ? | South Eastern Railway | 74 | |
| 1848 | ? | South Eastern Railway | 75 | |
| 1848 | ? | South Eastern Railway | 78 | |
- Liverpool, 6-2-06-2-0In the Whyte notation, a 6-2-0 is a railroad steam locomotive that has an unpowered three-axle leading truck followed by a single powered driving axle...
, built by Bury, Curtis, and KennedyBury, Curtis, and KennedyBury, Curtis and Kennedy was a steam locomotive manufacturer in Liverpool, England.Edward Bury set up his works in 1826, under the name of Edward Bury and Company. He employed James Kennedy, who had gained experience of locomotive production under Robert Stephenson and Mather, Dixon and Company,...
works number 355/1848. Driving wheels 8 feet (2.44 m) diameter, grate area 21.5 square feet (2 m²), heating arear 2290 square feet (212.7 m²), boiler pressure 120 lb/in2, cylinders 18"x24" (460mm x 610mm). The locomotive was awarded a Gold Medal at the Great Exhibition of 1851.
----
Built by: E. B. Wilson and Company
E. B. Wilson and Company
E.B.Wilson and Company was a locomotive manufacturing company at the Railway Foundry in Hunslet, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.-Origins:When Todd left Todd, Kitson & Laird in 1838, he joined Shepherd in setting up the Railway Foundry as Shepherd and Todd...
| Date built | Works no. | Railway | Name/no. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1847 | ? | North British Railway North British Railway The North British Railway was a Scottish railway company that was absorbed into the London and North Eastern Railway at the Grouping in 1923.-History:... |
55 | (1) |
| 1847 | ? | Eastern Counties Railway Eastern Counties Railway The Eastern Counties Railway was an early English railway company incorporated in 1836. It was intended to link London with Ipswich via Colchester, and then on to Norwich and Yarmouth. Construction began in late March 1837 on the first nine miles, at the London end of the line.Construction was... |
108 | |
| 1847 | ? | Eastern Counties Railway | 109 | |
| 1847 | ? | Eastern Counties Railway | 110 | |
| 1847 | ? | Eastern Counties Railway | 111 | |
| 1847 | ? | Eastern Counties Railway | 112 | |
| 1847 | ? | Aberdeen Railway Aberdeen Railway The Aberdeen Railway was a railway that ran mainly along the North East coast of Scotland south from Aberdeen to on the Arbroath and Forfar Railway. There were branches to Montrose and Brechin... |
26 | |
| 1847 | ? | Aberdeen Railway | 27 | |
- Hauled the Royal Train in 1850, withdrawn from service in 1907.
----
Built by: R and W Hawthorn
R and W Hawthorn
R and W Hawthorn Ltd was a locomotive manufacturer in Newcastle upon Tyne, England from 1817 until 1880.-Locomotive building:Robert Hawthorne first began business at Forth Bank Works in 1817, building marine and stationary steam engines. In 1820, his brother joined him and the firm became R and W...
4-4-0
4-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-4-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles , four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and no trailing wheels...
ST
| Date built | Works no. | Railway | Name/no. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1857 | - | East Kent Railway East Kent Railway The East Kent Railway was an early railway operating between Strood and the town of Faversham in Kent England, during 1858 and 1859. In the latter year it changed its name to the London, Chatham and Dover Railway to reflect its ambitions to build a rival line from London to Dover via Chatham and... |
62 Lake | (1) |
| 1857 | - | East Kent Railway East Kent Railway The East Kent Railway was an early railway operating between Strood and the town of Faversham in Kent England, during 1858 and 1859. In the latter year it changed its name to the London, Chatham and Dover Railway to reflect its ambitions to build a rival line from London to Dover via Chatham and... |
59 Sondes | (1) |
| 1858 | - | East Kent Railway East Kent Railway The East Kent Railway was an early railway operating between Strood and the town of Faversham in Kent England, during 1858 and 1859. In the latter year it changed its name to the London, Chatham and Dover Railway to reflect its ambitions to build a rival line from London to Dover via Chatham and... |
63 Faversham | (1) |
| 1858 | - | East Kent Railway East Kent Railway The East Kent Railway was an early railway operating between Strood and the town of Faversham in Kent England, during 1858 and 1859. In the latter year it changed its name to the London, Chatham and Dover Railway to reflect its ambitions to build a rival line from London to Dover via Chatham and... |
64 Chatham | (1) |
| 1858 | - | East Kent Railway East Kent Railway The East Kent Railway was an early railway operating between Strood and the town of Faversham in Kent England, during 1858 and 1859. In the latter year it changed its name to the London, Chatham and Dover Railway to reflect its ambitions to build a rival line from London to Dover via Chatham and... |
61 Crampton | (1) |
| 1858 | - | East Kent Railway East Kent Railway The East Kent Railway was an early railway operating between Strood and the town of Faversham in Kent England, during 1858 and 1859. In the latter year it changed its name to the London, Chatham and Dover Railway to reflect its ambitions to build a rival line from London to Dover via Chatham and... |
63 Faversham | (1) |
- Rebuilt as Kirtley F class 2-4-0T 1865
----
Built by: various builders
| Builder | Date built | Works no. | Railway | Name/no. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasmyth, Gaskell and Company Nasmyth, Gaskell and Company Nasmyth, Gaskell and Company, originally called The Bridgewater Foundry, specialised in the production of heavy machine tools and locomotives. It was located in Patricroft, in Salford England, close to the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the Bridgewater Canal and the Manchester Ship Canal... |
1846 | ? | South Eastern Railway | 92 | (1) |
| Crewe Works Crewe Works Crewe railway works is a British railway engineering facility built in 1840 by the Grand Junction Railway. It is located in the town of Crewe, in the county of Cheshire.... |
1847 | ? | LNWR | Courier | |
| Kitson and Company | 1848 | ? | Midland Railway Midland Railway The Midland Railway was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1844 to 1922, when it became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.... |
130 | |
| Kitson and Company | 1848 | ? | Midland Railway | 131 | |
| Timothy Hackworth Timothy Hackworth Timothy Hackworth was a steam locomotive engineer who lived in Shildon, County Durham, England and was the first locomotive superintendent of the Stockton and Darlington Railway.- Youth and early work :... |
1848 | ? | LB&SCR | 56 | |
| Timothy Hackworth Timothy Hackworth Timothy Hackworth was a steam locomotive engineer who lived in Shildon, County Durham, England and was the first locomotive superintendent of the Stockton and Darlington Railway.- Youth and early work :... |
1848 | ? | LB&SCR | 58 | |
| A. Horlock & Co. | 1848 | Padarn Railway Padarn Railway The Padarn Railway was a narrow gauge railway line in Wales, built to the unusual gauge of . It was built to carry slate from the Dinorwic Quarry to Port Dinorwic. It opened in 1842, replacing the previous Dinorwic Railway. The Padarn Railway closed in 1961 .An unusual feature of the railway were... |
Fire Queen Fire Queen Fire Queen is an early steam locomotive built by A. Horlock and Co. in 1848 for the Padarn Railway. It is the only surviving locomotive from that railway an is preserved at the Penrhyn Castle Railway Museum.-History:... |
(2) | |
| A. Horlock & Co. | 1848 | Padarn Railway Padarn Railway The Padarn Railway was a narrow gauge railway line in Wales, built to the unusual gauge of . It was built to carry slate from the Dinorwic Quarry to Port Dinorwic. It opened in 1842, replacing the previous Dinorwic Railway. The Padarn Railway closed in 1961 .An unusual feature of the railway were... |
Jenny Lind | ||
| 1848 | Chemin de fer du Nord Chemin de Fer du Nord Chemin de Fer du Nord , often referred to simply as the Nord company, was a rail transport company created in September 1845, in Paris, France. It was owned by among others de Rothschild Frères of France, N M Rothschild & Sons of London, England, Hottinger, Laffitte and Blount... |
||||
| R. B. Longridge and Company R. B. Longridge and Company R. B. Longridge and Company was established in 1785 at Bedlington, Northumberland, England. Its proprietor was Michael Longridge who also managed Robert Stephenson's works during the latter's absence abroad... |
1851 | ? | Great Northern Railway Great Northern Railway (Great Britain) The Great Northern Railway was a British railway company established by the Great Northern Railway Act of 1846. On 1 January 1923 the company lost its identity as a constituent of the newly formed London and North Eastern Railway.... |
200 | (3) |
| 1855 | Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée The Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée was a French railway company .... |
(4) | |||
| 1855 | Chemin de fer du Nord Chemin de Fer du Nord Chemin de Fer du Nord , often referred to simply as the Nord company, was a rail transport company created in September 1845, in Paris, France. It was owned by among others de Rothschild Frères of France, N M Rothschild & Sons of London, England, Hottinger, Laffitte and Blount... |
162 Alma | (5) | ||
| Maschinenbaugesellschaft Karlsruhe | 1863 | Baden State Railway | Phoenix | (6) | |
Notes:
- Originally built as a 2-2-2, rebuilt as a Crampton 2+2-2-0 December 1848.
- 0-4-00-4-0Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-0 represents one of the simplest possible types, that with two axles and four coupled wheels, all of which are driven...
locomotives, gauge, Fire Queen preserved at Penrhyn Castle Railway MuseumPenrhyn Castle Railway MuseumThe Penrhyn Castle Railway Museum is a museum of industrial railway equipment, located at Penrhyn Castle near Bangor in Wales.In the nineteenth century, Penrhyn Castle was the home of the Pennant family , owners of the Penrhyn slate quarry at Bethesda...
. Jenny LindJenny LindJohanna Maria Lind , better known as Jenny Lind, was a Swedish opera singer, often known as the "Swedish Nightingale". One of the most highly regarded singers of the 19th century, she is known for her performances in soprano roles in opera in Sweden and across Europe, and for an extraordinarily...
named after the opera singer, a friend of Crampton's wife Louisa. - Sources differ on how many Crampton locomotives Longridge built for the Great Northern Railway. Number 200 was later converted from a 4-2-0 to a conventional 2-2-22-2-2Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-2-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle two powered driving wheels on one axle, and two trailing wheels on one axle. The wheel arrangement both provided more stability and enabled a larger firebox...
. There were nine similar 2-2-2 locomotives numbered 91-99 and it is uncertain whether these were built as 2-2-2 or whether they were converted from 4-2-0 like number 200. - 40 locomotives built for the PLM between 1855 and 1864.
- A 6-2-06-2-0In the Whyte notation, a 6-2-0 is a railroad steam locomotive that has an unpowered three-axle leading truck followed by a single powered driving axle...
locomotive, converted to the Petiet system in the 1860s, withdrawn and scrapped in 1873. - In service until 1903, length 12.9 metre, top speed 120 kilometres per hour (74.6 mph), weight 28½ tonnes. Preserved in the Deutsches Bundesbahn Museum, NurembergNurembergNuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...
.
External links
- The Cité du Train museum
- Photo of Crampton locomotive at The Great ExhibitionThe Great ExhibitionThe Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations or The Great Exhibition, sometimes referred to as the Crystal Palace Exhibition in reference to the temporary structure in which it was held, was an international exhibition that took place in Hyde Park, London, from 1 May to 15 October...
of 1851