Chrysler K engine
Encyclopedia
The 2.2 and 2.5 are a family of inline-4 engines developed by Chrysler Corporation originally for the Chrysler K
- and L-platforms
cars and subsequently used in many other Chrysler vehicles. After its launch in 1981, it became the basis for all Chrysler-developed 4-cylinder engines until the Chrysler 1.8, 2.0 & 2.4 engine family was released in 1995.
, Dodge Omni
, Plymouth Horizon and Plymouth Reliant
, and was produced until 1994. The 2.2 was a homegrown replacement for the 1.7 l (104 cu in) Volkswagen
engine Chrysler had initially used in its Omni and Horizon models. Many of the features of the 2.2 are similar to the Volkswagen engine, including the aluminum head/iron block design, the SOHC design with in-line valves, the offset water pump, and the location of both the intake and exhaust manifold
s on the rear of the engine.
The 2.2 has an undersquare 87.5 mm (3.44 in) bore and 92 mm (3.62 in) stroke, which gives it a displacement of 2213 cc. It is a siamesed engine: there are no coolant passages between cylinders. The bore spacing is 87.5 mm (3.44 in), limiting the potential for increased bore diameter. All 2.2 engines have cast iron blocks, use a timing belt and are non-interference engines. The earliest version used a two-barrel carburetor
, but fuel injection
was introduced in 1984 on turbocharged models and 1985 on normally aspirated models.
The initial carbureted
2.2 produced 84 hp, but the output was increased to 96 hp and 119 lbft. Later versions were fuel-injected and produced 99 hp and 121 lbft, and a High-Output version for the Dodge Charger
produced 110 hp and 129 lbft. Some were even turbocharged and are referred to as the Turbo I, Turbo II, Turbo III, and Turbo IV. The plain fuel injected 2.2 L competed with Ford's
HSC 2.3 L engine in the Tempo and Topaz, using very similar bore and stroke. Ford's HSO engine competed with the 2.2 Turbo versions.
The 2.2 was made at Chrysler's Trenton Engine
plant in Trenton, Michigan
. In 1988, Chrysler sold much of the machining equipment, as well as a license to the design, to First Auto Works of China
. The Trenton plant largely switched to the new Chrysler 3.3 engine
production, while FAW continues to build the 2.2.
was more of a handling package, but the regular 2.2 L engine was modified somewhat. This High Output 2.2 used a revised camshaft
to boost output to 110 hp and 129 lbft, and the block was decked to increase the compression ratio. These modifications allowed the Shelby Charger to hit 50 miles per hour (22.4 m/s) in 5.5 seconds and cover the quarter mile (402 m) in under 16 seconds. The 1985 Dodge Charger Shelby
used the 2.2 Turbo I engine instead, so this high output 2.2 was made an option on regular Dodge Chargers that year.
Applications of the High Output 2.2L included the 1983–1984 Dodge Shelby Charger
the 1984-1985 Dodge Omni GLH and the 1985–1987 Dodge Charger
. This High Output version of the 2.2L could be easily recoginized by its chrome valve cover.
T03 turbocharger with a mechanical wastegate
to limit boost to 7 pound per square inches (48,263.3 Pa). For 1985, a computer-controlled wastegate was substituted which allowed 9 pound per square inches (62,052.8 Pa) of temporary overboost. Output was rated at 146 hp and 168 lbft. A Mitsubishi
TE04H turbo and new intake manifold were used for 1988.
. This engine was first used in the 1986 Shelby GLH-S
and was produced by the factory the following year. Shelby installed it in his updated 1987 GLHS, as well as his Shelby Lancer
and Shelby CSX
. Chrysler produced a strengthened version of this engine, with a forged crankshaft and connecting rods, and used it in the Shelby Z package of the 1987–1988 Dodge Daytona. Output was 175 hp and 175 lbft with 12 pound per square inches (82,737.1 Pa) of boost. — 200 lbft in the actual Chrysler-built cars with the stronger transaxle.
A similar, one-piece version of the special two-piece intake manifold used on the Turbo II, minus the air charge temperature sensor, was added to the Turbo I for 1988. The next year, the new common block was introduced; it was used for all subsequent versions of the 2.2 and 2.5, including the 2.2 L Turbo II, which then continued unchanged through 1990.
-made, Shelby
-designed DOHC 16-valve head. Output was 224 hp and 217 lbft. This engine was used in 1,399 Dodge Spirit R/T and several hundred Dodge and Chrysler Daytona IROC R/T
models in the US, Canada, and Europe, plus models including the Chrysler Spirit R/T and Phantom R/T
in Mexico.
Cars using the 2.2T3 engine include:
(VNT) technology. This allowed the turbo to spool up rapidly for minimal lag, like a small conventional turbocharger, but still produce strong high-RPM power, like a large conventional turbocharger. Dodge and Carrol Shelby pioneered the use of this technology on the 1989 Shelby CSX. Production on this engine was limited to around 1250 units..
, used a special turbocharged 2.2 engine. This version was related to the Turbo II but used a special 16-valve head — not the same as that used in the Turbo III — pistons, connecting rods, intake manifold, crankshaft and other components. No parts are interchangeable with other versions of the engine.
The 2.2 TC engine was an international effort: The cylinder head was cast in England
by Cosworth
and finished in Italy
by Maserati. The pistons came from Mahle
in Germany
, and a Japan
ese turbocharger
was sourced from IHI
. The camshafts were designed by Florida
-based Crane but were constructed by Maserati in Modena
. Most of the rest of the engine was made in the United States and was similar to the Turbo II. Only 500 Chrysler TCs were produced with the DOHC 16-valve head.
rather than high-RPM power. This engine replaced the Mitsubishi 2.6
engine Chrysler had been using. In normally aspirated form, the 2.5 produced 100 hp and 136 lbft. In 1989 there was a redesign of the 2.5 to permit both it and the 2.2 to use a common cylinder block. The crankshaft, connecting rods and pistons are completely different in the common-block 2.5 compared to the previous 2.5. This engine competed with Ford Motor Company's HSC engine, which was increased from 2.3 L to 2.5 L for use in the 1986 to 1991 Taurus
. The Chrysler 2.5 was retired in 1995.
market, a 2.5 Turbo II engine with intercooler and intake charge temperature sensing was available, rated at 168 hp and 175 lbft to 188 lbft.
In the Mexican market, 1986 through 1990 vehicles used versions of the 2.2 and 2.5 engines operating on leaded gasoline, equipped with a carburetor
, a tubular exhaust header
, and electronic control of ignition timing. This induction and ignition system used technology and components very similar to those employed in Chrysler's US-market Lean Burn emission control systems of the late 1970s. This configuration was discontinued in favour of electronic fuel injection for the 1991 model year, when exhaust emission regulations
took force in Mexico.
s and Plymouth Acclaim
s. This engine and its fuel supply and computerized management system were specially modified to run on fuel containing up to 85% Ethanol. Most of the MPFI system was common with the Mexican-market 2.5 MPFI engine. Modifications included upgraded seal and gasket materials, chrome piston rings, stainless-steel fuel system components,sion fuel injectors internally plated with nickel, and fuel composition sensors.
market, multipoint fuel injected, non-turbo version of the 2.2 and 2.5 were installed in many Chrysler Corporation vehicles. This version of the 2.5 was rated at 113 hp, and in most cases lacked the balance shafts used in all other versions of the 2.5. The MPFI system gave better driveability, performance and fuel economy, and cleaner emissions, but was nevertheless not used elsewhere than the Mexican domestic market and Chrysler de Mexico's export markets.
s were used with the 2.2 and 2.5 engines. From 1984–1987, the ECU was divided into the Logic Module (LM), which was inside the passenger cabin, and the Power Module located near the battery on the left front fender. The LM used a Motorola 6803U4 processor operating at 1 MHz, with 256 bytes of RAM and either two 8K EPROMs or one 16K EPROM. From 1988–1989, a SMEC (Single Module Engine Controller) was used. This was a complete redesign of the older system, using modern CAD for board design, and higher density SMD components. The processor was a 68HC11 operating at 2 MHz with 256 bytes of RAM and a 32K EPROM. Functionally, the SMEC was the combination of the earlier Logic and Power modules into one unit. Starting in 1990, a more advanced SBEC (Single Board Engine Controller) was used, which integrated the earlier two board computer into a single board.
Chrysler K platform
The Chrysler Corporation's K-cars were compact-to-midsize cars designed to carry six adults on two bench seats and were aimed not only to replace Chrysler's nominally-compact F-body Aspen and Volaré, but also to compete with intermediates like the Chevrolet Malibu and Ford Fairmont...
- and L-platforms
Chrysler L platform
Chrysler's L platform was used in a family of compact automobiles produced from 1978 to 1990. It was created in response to the energy crisis of the 1970s and was a line of similar Dodge and Plymouth vehicles...
cars and subsequently used in many other Chrysler vehicles. After its launch in 1981, it became the basis for all Chrysler-developed 4-cylinder engines until the Chrysler 1.8, 2.0 & 2.4 engine family was released in 1995.
2.2
The first version of this engine family was a normally aspirated 2.2 l (134 cu in) unit. It was introduced in the 1981 Dodge AriesDodge Aries
The Dodge Aries is an automobile sold by the Chrysler Corporation from 1981-1989. It replaced the Dodge Aspen as Dodge's family car with "mid-size room" in a size and front-wheel drive format commonly associated with compact cars...
, Dodge Omni
Dodge Omni
The Dodge Omni and the similar Plymouth Horizon were front wheel drive cars introduced by the Dodge and Plymouth divisions of the Chrysler Corporation in North America in 1978, and were based on a European Simca-based design of the same name...
, Plymouth Horizon and Plymouth Reliant
Plymouth Reliant
The Plymouth Reliant was one of the first two so-called "K-cars" manufactured by the Chrysler Corporation, introduced for the 1981 model year. The Reliant replaced the Plymouth Volaré/Road Runner, which was the short-lived successor automobile to the highly regarded Plymouth Valiant...
, and was produced until 1994. The 2.2 was a homegrown replacement for the 1.7 l (104 cu in) Volkswagen
Volkswagen
Volkswagen is a German automobile manufacturer and is the original and biggest-selling marque of the Volkswagen Group, which now also owns the Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, SEAT, and Škoda marques and the truck manufacturer Scania.Volkswagen means "people's car" in German, where it is...
engine Chrysler had initially used in its Omni and Horizon models. Many of the features of the 2.2 are similar to the Volkswagen engine, including the aluminum head/iron block design, the SOHC design with in-line valves, the offset water pump, and the location of both the intake and exhaust manifold
Exhaust manifold
In automotive engineering, an exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders into one pipe. The word manifold comes from the Old English word manigfeald and refers to the folding together of multiple inputs and outputs.In contrast, an inlet manifold is the part of an engine...
s on the rear of the engine.
The 2.2 has an undersquare 87.5 mm (3.44 in) bore and 92 mm (3.62 in) stroke, which gives it a displacement of 2213 cc. It is a siamesed engine: there are no coolant passages between cylinders. The bore spacing is 87.5 mm (3.44 in), limiting the potential for increased bore diameter. All 2.2 engines have cast iron blocks, use a timing belt and are non-interference engines. The earliest version used a two-barrel carburetor
Carburetor
A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....
, but fuel injection
Fuel injection
Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....
was introduced in 1984 on turbocharged models and 1985 on normally aspirated models.
The initial carbureted
Carburetor
A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....
2.2 produced 84 hp, but the output was increased to 96 hp and 119 lbft. Later versions were fuel-injected and produced 99 hp and 121 lbft, and a High-Output version for the Dodge Charger
Dodge Charger (L-body)
The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
produced 110 hp and 129 lbft. Some were even turbocharged and are referred to as the Turbo I, Turbo II, Turbo III, and Turbo IV. The plain fuel injected 2.2 L competed with Ford's
Ford Motor Company
Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. The automaker was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. In addition to the Ford and Lincoln brands, Ford also owns a small stake in Mazda in Japan and Aston Martin in the UK...
HSC 2.3 L engine in the Tempo and Topaz, using very similar bore and stroke. Ford's HSO engine competed with the 2.2 Turbo versions.
The 2.2 was made at Chrysler's Trenton Engine
Trenton Engine
Trenton Engine is a Chrysler automobile factory in Trenton, Michigan. The north factory opened in 1952 and was expanded in 1969.Trenton engine was the site chosen for production of the 2.2 L four-cylinder engine which debuted in 1980 in the K-cars...
plant in Trenton, Michigan
Trenton, Michigan
Trenton is a small city in Wayne County in the southeast portion of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 18,853...
. In 1988, Chrysler sold much of the machining equipment, as well as a license to the design, to First Auto Works of China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
. The Trenton plant largely switched to the new Chrysler 3.3 engine
Chrysler 3.3 engine
This engine was Chrysler's first 60° V6 engine designed and built in-house for front wheel drive vehicles, and their first V6 not based on a V8. It was designed as a larger, more powerful option to the Mitsubishi 3.0 V6 in the minivans and debuted in 1990....
production, while FAW continues to build the 2.2.
- 1983–1984 Chrysler E-ClassChrysler E-ClassThe Chrysler E-Class was a mid-size car produced by the Chrysler Corporation. Introduced in 1983 on a stretched version of the Chrysler K platform, the E-Class was a less expensive, less equipped version of the identical 1983 New Yorker. It was targeted at those who wanted Chrysler luxury, but...
- 1983–1986 Chrysler ExecutiveChrysler ExecutiveThe Chrysler Executive was a car offered by the American automobile producer Chrysler from 1983 through 1986. The Executive was a stretched version of the Chrysler LeBaron aimed at the then booming market segment of limousines. The Executive and Cadillac's Series 75 were the only factory-offered...
- 1984–1986 Chrysler Laser
- 1982–1990 Chrysler LeBaronChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
(fuel-injected after 1985) - 1985–1988 Chrysler LeBaron GTS
- 1981–1982 Dodge 024
- 1982–1983 Dodge 400Dodge 400The Dodge 400 was Dodge's second K-car in the early 1980s. It was similar to the Chrysler LeBaron of the same era. The 400 was introduced for the 1982 model year, yet was renamed and added to the midsize Dodge 600 lineup just two years later.-1982:...
- 1983–1988 Dodge 600Dodge 600The 600 was Dodge's version of the Chrysler E-Class luxury car of the 1980s. It was introduced in 1982, as a 1983 model, as a small mid-size car on the Chrysler E platform and was discontinued after the 1988 model year. It was Chrysler's attempt to compete with the GM A-body, whereas the M-body...
(fuel-injected after 1984) - 1981–1989 Dodge AriesDodge AriesThe Dodge Aries is an automobile sold by the Chrysler Corporation from 1981-1989. It replaced the Dodge Aspen as Dodge's family car with "mid-size room" in a size and front-wheel drive format commonly associated with compact cars...
(fuel-injected after 1985) - 1984–1987 Dodge CaravanDodge CaravanThe Dodge Caravan is a family minivan manufactured by Chrysler Group LLC and sold under its Dodge brand. Along with its nameplate variant, the Plymouth Voyager, the Caravan was introduced for the 1984 model year. In 1987, the Dodge Grand Caravan long-wheelbase model was introduced and sold...
- 1983–1987 Dodge ChargerDodge Charger (L-body)The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
- 1987–1988 Dodge DakotaDodge DakotaThe Dodge Dakota is a mid-size pickup truck from Chrysler's Ram division. From its introduction through 2009, it was marketed by Dodge. The first Dakota was introduced in 1986 as a 1987 model alongside the redesigned Dodge Ram 50...
- 1984–1990 Dodge DaytonaDodge DaytonaThe first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
- 1981–1990 Dodge OmniDodge OmniThe Dodge Omni and the similar Plymouth Horizon were front wheel drive cars introduced by the Dodge and Plymouth divisions of the Chrysler Corporation in North America in 1978, and were based on a European Simca-based design of the same name...
(fuel-injected after 1987) - 1985–1989 Dodge LancerDodge LancerThe Dodge Lancer is a passenger car from the Dodge division of Chrysler Corporation. Dodge used the Lancer name on three different vehicles over the years.-1955–1959:...
- 1982–1984 Dodge RampageDodge RampageThe Dodge Rampage was a subcompact, unibody coupe utility based on Chrysler's L platform and manufactured from 1982-1984. First released as a 1982 model, the Rampage was later joined by its rebadged variant, the Plymouth Scamp....
- 1987–1994 Dodge ShadowDodge ShadowFor 1987, Chrysler Corporation introduced two new compact cars, the Dodge Shadow and the Plymouth Sundance , intended to replace the Dodge Charger - Dodge Omni and Plymouth Turismo - Plymouth Horizon, respectively...
- 1985–1988 Plymouth CaravellePlymouth CaravelleThe Plymouth Caravelle is a mid-size sedan that was originally a 1983 Canadian model. The Caravelle came to the United States in 1985 to replace the Chrysler E-Class. It was essentially identical to the concurrent Dodge 600. It was replaced by the Plymouth Acclaim in 1989...
- 1981–1990 Plymouth Horizon (fuel-injected after 1987)
- 1981–1989 Plymouth ReliantPlymouth ReliantThe Plymouth Reliant was one of the first two so-called "K-cars" manufactured by the Chrysler Corporation, introduced for the 1981 model year. The Reliant replaced the Plymouth Volaré/Road Runner, which was the short-lived successor automobile to the highly regarded Plymouth Valiant...
(fuel-injected after 1985) - 1983-------- Plymouth ScampPlymouth ScampThere have been two small cars from Plymouth called the Scamp:* 1971–1976 RWD 2-door coupe, based on the Plymouth Valiant* 1983 FWD pickup truck, based on the Plymouth Horizon; see Dodge Rampage...
(Dodge Rampage twin) - 1987–1994 Plymouth SundancePlymouth SundanceThe Plymouth Sundance is a compact car model that was produced for model years 1987 to 1994. It was designed to compete with upmarket compacts such as the Geo Prizm, Ford Escort and the Honda Civic after the production of the Horizon was to be extended...
- 1981–1982 Plymouth TC3
- 1983–1987 Plymouth Turismo
- 1984–1987 Plymouth VoyagerPlymouth VoyagerIn 1984, the Voyager name was applied to Plymouth's variant of Chrysler's all new minivan. This Voyager used the Chrysler S platform, which was derived from the K-platform . In addition to using a derived platform, the Voyager shared many components with the K-cars, most notably the interior...
High Output
The 1983 and 1984 Dodge Shelby ChargerDodge Charger (L-body)
The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
was more of a handling package, but the regular 2.2 L engine was modified somewhat. This High Output 2.2 used a revised camshaft
Camshaft
A camshaft is a shaft to which a cam is fastened or of which a cam forms an integral part.-History:An early cam was built into Hellenistic water-driven automata from the 3rd century BC. The camshaft was later described in Iraq by Al-Jazari in 1206. He employed it as part of his automata,...
to boost output to 110 hp and 129 lbft, and the block was decked to increase the compression ratio. These modifications allowed the Shelby Charger to hit 50 miles per hour (22.4 m/s) in 5.5 seconds and cover the quarter mile (402 m) in under 16 seconds. The 1985 Dodge Charger Shelby
Dodge Charger (L-body)
The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
used the 2.2 Turbo I engine instead, so this high output 2.2 was made an option on regular Dodge Chargers that year.
Applications of the High Output 2.2L included the 1983–1984 Dodge Shelby Charger
Dodge Charger (L-body)
The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
the 1984-1985 Dodge Omni GLH and the 1985–1987 Dodge Charger
Dodge Charger (L-body)
The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
. This High Output version of the 2.2L could be easily recoginized by its chrome valve cover.
Turbo I
Chrysler's first turbocharged engine was the 1984 Turbo I. It used a GarrettGarrett AiResearch
Garrett AiResearch was a manufacturer of turboprop engines and turbochargers, and a pioneer in numerous aerospace technologies. It was previously known as Aircraft Tool and Supply Company, Garrett Supply Company, AiResearch Manufacturing Company, or simply AiResearch...
T03 turbocharger with a mechanical wastegate
Wastegate
A wastegate is a valve that diverts exhaust gases away from the turbine wheel in a turbocharged engine system. Diversion of exhaust gases regulates the turbine speed, which in turn regulates the rotating speed of the compressor. The primary function of the wastegate is to regulate the maximum boost...
to limit boost to 7 pound per square inches (48,263.3 Pa). For 1985, a computer-controlled wastegate was substituted which allowed 9 pound per square inches (62,052.8 Pa) of temporary overboost. Output was rated at 146 hp and 168 lbft. A Mitsubishi
Mitsubishi
The Mitsubishi Group , Mitsubishi Group of Companies, or Mitsubishi Companies is a Japanese multinational conglomerate company that consists of a range of autonomous businesses which share the Mitsubishi brand, trademark and legacy...
TE04H turbo and new intake manifold were used for 1988.
- 1984 Chrysler E-ClassChrysler E-ClassThe Chrysler E-Class was a mid-size car produced by the Chrysler Corporation. Introduced in 1983 on a stretched version of the Chrysler K platform, the E-Class was a less expensive, less equipped version of the identical 1983 New Yorker. It was targeted at those who wanted Chrysler luxury, but...
- 1984–1986 Chrysler ExecutiveChrysler ExecutiveThe Chrysler Executive was a car offered by the American automobile producer Chrysler from 1983 through 1986. The Executive was a stretched version of the Chrysler LeBaron aimed at the then booming market segment of limousines. The Executive and Cadillac's Series 75 were the only factory-offered...
- 1984–1986 Chrysler Laser
- 1984–1988 Chrysler LeBaronChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
- 1985–1988 Chrysler LeBaron GTS
- 1984–1987 Chrysler New YorkerChrysler New YorkerThe Chrysler New Yorker was a premium automobile built by the Chrysler Corporation from 1939–1996, serving for several years as the brand's flagship model. A model named the "New York Special" first appeared in the 1930s...
- 1988 Chrysler New Yorker Turbo
- 1984–1988 Dodge 600Dodge 600The 600 was Dodge's version of the Chrysler E-Class luxury car of the 1980s. It was introduced in 1982, as a 1983 model, as a small mid-size car on the Chrysler E platform and was discontinued after the 1988 model year. It was Chrysler's attempt to compete with the GM A-body, whereas the M-body...
- 1985–1988 Dodge LancerDodge LancerThe Dodge Lancer is a passenger car from the Dodge division of Chrysler Corporation. Dodge used the Lancer name on three different vehicles over the years.-1955–1959:...
- 1984–1986 Dodge Omni GLHDodge OmniThe Dodge Omni and the similar Plymouth Horizon were front wheel drive cars introduced by the Dodge and Plymouth divisions of the Chrysler Corporation in North America in 1978, and were based on a European Simca-based design of the same name...
- 1985–1988 Plymouth CaravellePlymouth CaravelleThe Plymouth Caravelle is a mid-size sedan that was originally a 1983 Canadian model. The Caravelle came to the United States in 1985 to replace the Chrysler E-Class. It was essentially identical to the concurrent Dodge 600. It was replaced by the Plymouth Acclaim in 1989...
- 1985–1987 Dodge Charger ShelbyDodge Charger (L-body)The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
- 1988 Shelby CSX-TShelby CSXThe Shelby CSX was a limited-production high performance automobile based on the turbocharged Dodge Shadow. These cars were offered by Shelby Automobiles Inc. from 1987 through 1989.-CSX:...
- 1984-1986 Dodge Daytona TurboDodge DaytonaThe first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
- 1987 Dodge Daytona Shelby Z with Automatics
Turbo II
The Turbo II designation was applied to a turbocharged, intercooled version of the 2.2 engineered with input from Carroll ShelbyCarroll Shelby
Carroll Hall Shelby is an American retired automotive designer and racing driver. He is most well known for making Mustangs for Ford Motor Company known as Mustang Cobras which he has done since 1965...
. This engine was first used in the 1986 Shelby GLH-S
Shelby GLHS
The Shelby GLHS was a limited production sport compact automobile from the mid 1980s. The main differentiator of these cars from their regular Dodge versions was their use of what would become the intercooled Turbo II engine as well as Shelby Centurian wheels and Koni Adjustable shocks/struts, and...
and was produced by the factory the following year. Shelby installed it in his updated 1987 GLHS, as well as his Shelby Lancer
Shelby Lancer
The Shelby Lancer was a limited-production hatchback sports sedan based on the Dodge Lancer. Modified by Carroll Shelby for 1987 and in Graphic Red only, the Shelby Lancer was intended to be an American counterpart to such European sedans as the BMW 3-Series and Peugeot 405...
and Shelby CSX
Shelby CSX
The Shelby CSX was a limited-production high performance automobile based on the turbocharged Dodge Shadow. These cars were offered by Shelby Automobiles Inc. from 1987 through 1989.-CSX:...
. Chrysler produced a strengthened version of this engine, with a forged crankshaft and connecting rods, and used it in the Shelby Z package of the 1987–1988 Dodge Daytona. Output was 175 hp and 175 lbft with 12 pound per square inches (82,737.1 Pa) of boost. — 200 lbft in the actual Chrysler-built cars with the stronger transaxle.
A similar, one-piece version of the special two-piece intake manifold used on the Turbo II, minus the air charge temperature sensor, was added to the Turbo I for 1988. The next year, the new common block was introduced; it was used for all subsequent versions of the 2.2 and 2.5, including the 2.2 L Turbo II, which then continued unchanged through 1990.
- 1986 Shelby GLH-SShelby GLHSThe Shelby GLHS was a limited production sport compact automobile from the mid 1980s. The main differentiator of these cars from their regular Dodge versions was their use of what would become the intercooled Turbo II engine as well as Shelby Centurian wheels and Koni Adjustable shocks/struts, and...
(OmniDodge OmniThe Dodge Omni and the similar Plymouth Horizon were front wheel drive cars introduced by the Dodge and Plymouth divisions of the Chrysler Corporation in North America in 1978, and were based on a European Simca-based design of the same name...
) - 1987 Shelby Charger TurboDodge Charger (L-body)The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
- 1987 Shelby GLHSShelby GLHSThe Shelby GLHS was a limited production sport compact automobile from the mid 1980s. The main differentiator of these cars from their regular Dodge versions was their use of what would become the intercooled Turbo II engine as well as Shelby Centurian wheels and Koni Adjustable shocks/struts, and...
(ChargerDodge Charger (L-body)The Dodge Charger was built by Dodge, a division of Chrysler Corporation. There have been a number of vehicles bearing the Charger nameplate, but the name has generally denoted a performance model in the Dodge range...
) - 1985–1993 Consulier GTPConsulier GTPThe Consulier GTP was a sports car produced by the former Consulier Industries in the early 1990s.Consulier Industries was later renamed Mosler Automotive, which then updated the car as the Mosler Intruder and again as the Raptor before production ended by 2000...
- 1987–1989 Dodge Daytona Shelby Z
- 1987–1988 Shelby CSXShelby CSXThe Shelby CSX was a limited-production high performance automobile based on the turbocharged Dodge Shadow. These cars were offered by Shelby Automobiles Inc. from 1987 through 1989.-CSX:...
- 1987 Shelby LancerShelby LancerThe Shelby Lancer was a limited-production hatchback sports sedan based on the Dodge Lancer. Modified by Carroll Shelby for 1987 and in Graphic Red only, the Shelby Lancer was intended to be an American counterpart to such European sedans as the BMW 3-Series and Peugeot 405...
- 1988–1989 Dodge Lancer ShelbyDodge LancerThe Dodge Lancer is a passenger car from the Dodge division of Chrysler Corporation. Dodge used the Lancer name on three different vehicles over the years.-1955–1959:...
- 1989 Chrysler LeBaronChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
hatchback - 1989 Chrysler LeBaronChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
coupe / convertible GTC
Turbo III
The Turbo III used a LotusLotus Cars
Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports and racing cars based at the former site of RAF Hethel, a World War II airfield in Norfolk. The company designs and builds race and production automobiles of light weight and fine handling characteristics...
-made, Shelby
Carroll Shelby
Carroll Hall Shelby is an American retired automotive designer and racing driver. He is most well known for making Mustangs for Ford Motor Company known as Mustang Cobras which he has done since 1965...
-designed DOHC 16-valve head. Output was 224 hp and 217 lbft. This engine was used in 1,399 Dodge Spirit R/T and several hundred Dodge and Chrysler Daytona IROC R/T
Dodge Daytona
The first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
models in the US, Canada, and Europe, plus models including the Chrysler Spirit R/T and Phantom R/T
Chrysler LeBaron
The Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
in Mexico.
Cars using the 2.2T3 engine include:
- 1991–1992 Dodge Spirit R/T (North America)
- 1991–1994 Chrysler Spirit R/TDodge SpiritThe Dodge Spirit is a mid-size 5- or 6-passenger sedan that was introduced in January 1989 as a replacement for the similarly sized Dodge 600. The Spirit was Dodge's version of the Chrysler AA platform, a stretched variation of the Chrysler K platform...
(Mexico) - 1992–1993 Dodge Daytona IROC R/TDodge DaytonaThe first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
(North America, Europe) - 1992–1994 Chrysler Phantom R/TChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
(Mexico)
Turbo IV
The Turbo IV was a turbocharged SOHC intercooled version with variable nozzle turboVariable geometry turbocharger
Variable-geometry turbochargers are a family of turbochargers, usually designed to allow the effective aspect ratio of the turbo to be altered as conditions change. This is done because optimum aspect ratio at low engine speeds is very different from that at high engine speeds...
(VNT) technology. This allowed the turbo to spool up rapidly for minimal lag, like a small conventional turbocharger, but still produce strong high-RPM power, like a large conventional turbocharger. Dodge and Carrol Shelby pioneered the use of this technology on the 1989 Shelby CSX. Production on this engine was limited to around 1250 units..
- 1989 Shelby CSXShelby CSXThe Shelby CSX was a limited-production high performance automobile based on the turbocharged Dodge Shadow. These cars were offered by Shelby Automobiles Inc. from 1987 through 1989.-CSX:...
(500 built-498 to the public) - 1990 Dodge ShadowDodge ShadowFor 1987, Chrysler Corporation introduced two new compact cars, the Dodge Shadow and the Plymouth Sundance , intended to replace the Dodge Charger - Dodge Omni and Plymouth Turismo - Plymouth Horizon, respectively...
ES (141 built) - 1990 Dodge ShadowDodge ShadowFor 1987, Chrysler Corporation introduced two new compact cars, the Dodge Shadow and the Plymouth Sundance , intended to replace the Dodge Charger - Dodge Omni and Plymouth Turismo - Plymouth Horizon, respectively...
Competition (27 built) - 1990 Dodge DaytonaDodge DaytonaThe first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
Shelby (536 built) - 1990 Dodge DaytonaDodge DaytonaThe first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
C/S Competition (21 built) - 1990 Chrysler LeBaronChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
GTC (255 built, 123 coupes 132 convertibles)
TC
The Chrysler TC, developed with MaseratiMaserati
Maserati is an Italian luxury car manufacturer established on December 1, 1914, in Bologna. The company's headquarters is now in Modena, and its emblem is a trident. It has been owned by the Italian car giant Fiat S.p.A. since 1993...
, used a special turbocharged 2.2 engine. This version was related to the Turbo II but used a special 16-valve head — not the same as that used in the Turbo III — pistons, connecting rods, intake manifold, crankshaft and other components. No parts are interchangeable with other versions of the engine.
The 2.2 TC engine was an international effort: The cylinder head was cast in England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
by Cosworth
Cosworth
Cosworth is a high performance engineering company founded in London in 1958, specialising in engines and electronics for automobile racing , mainstream automotive and defence industries...
and finished in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
by Maserati. The pistons came from Mahle
Mahle
Mahle may refer to:*Ernst Mahle, a Brazilian composer and orchestra conductor*Mahle GmbH, a large German industrial company automotive supplier*Mahle , a Bangladeshi ethnic group...
in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, and a Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
ese turbocharger
Turbocharger
A turbocharger, or turbo , from the Greek "τύρβη" is a centrifugal compressor powered by a turbine that is driven by an engine's exhaust gases. Its benefit lies with the compressor increasing the mass of air entering the engine , thereby resulting in greater performance...
was sourced from IHI
IHI
The acronym IHI can refer to:* Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries, a Japanese company which produces ships, aero-engines, and other transport-related machinery* Information Holdings Inc., part of The Thomson Corporation since 2004...
. The camshafts were designed by Florida
Florida
Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...
-based Crane but were constructed by Maserati in Modena
Modena
Modena is a city and comune on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy....
. Most of the rest of the engine was made in the United States and was similar to the Turbo II. Only 500 Chrysler TCs were produced with the DOHC 16-valve head.
2.5
In 1986, Chrysler increased the displacement of the engine to 2.5 l (152 cu in) and added counterrotating balance shafts to smooth out the vibrations and harsh harmonics normally produced by long-stroke 4-cylinder engines. The increased displacement came from a raised deck and longer 104 millimetres (4.09 in) stroke, making the 2.5 engine even more undersquare and tuned for low-end torqueTorque
Torque, moment or moment of force , is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist....
rather than high-RPM power. This engine replaced the Mitsubishi 2.6
Mitsubishi Astron engine
The Mitsubishi Astron or 4G5 engine, is a series of straight-4 internal combustion engines first built by Mitsubishi Motors in 1972. Engine displacement ranged from 1.8 to 2.6 litres, making it one of the largest four-cylinder engines of its time....
engine Chrysler had been using. In normally aspirated form, the 2.5 produced 100 hp and 136 lbft. In 1989 there was a redesign of the 2.5 to permit both it and the 2.2 to use a common cylinder block. The crankshaft, connecting rods and pistons are completely different in the common-block 2.5 compared to the previous 2.5. This engine competed with Ford Motor Company's HSC engine, which was increased from 2.3 L to 2.5 L for use in the 1986 to 1991 Taurus
Ford Taurus
The Ford Taurus is an automobile manufactured by the Ford Motor Company in the United States. Originally introduced in the 1986 model year, it has remained in near-continuous production for more than two decades, making it the fourth oldest nameplate that is currently sold in the North American...
. The Chrysler 2.5 was retired in 1995.
- 1986–1993 Chrysler LeBaronChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
- 1986–1987 Chrysler New YorkerChrysler New YorkerThe Chrysler New Yorker was a premium automobile built by the Chrysler Corporation from 1939–1996, serving for several years as the brand's flagship model. A model named the "New York Special" first appeared in the 1930s...
- 1986–1988 Dodge 600Dodge 600The 600 was Dodge's version of the Chrysler E-Class luxury car of the 1980s. It was introduced in 1982, as a 1983 model, as a small mid-size car on the Chrysler E platform and was discontinued after the 1988 model year. It was Chrysler's attempt to compete with the GM A-body, whereas the M-body...
- 1986–1989 Dodge AriesDodge AriesThe Dodge Aries is an automobile sold by the Chrysler Corporation from 1981-1989. It replaced the Dodge Aspen as Dodge's family car with "mid-size room" in a size and front-wheel drive format commonly associated with compact cars...
- 1987½–1995 Dodge CaravanDodge CaravanThe Dodge Caravan is a family minivan manufactured by Chrysler Group LLC and sold under its Dodge brand. Along with its nameplate variant, the Plymouth Voyager, the Caravan was introduced for the 1984 model year. In 1987, the Dodge Grand Caravan long-wheelbase model was introduced and sold...
- 1989–1995 Dodge DakotaDodge DakotaThe Dodge Dakota is a mid-size pickup truck from Chrysler's Ram division. From its introduction through 2009, it was marketed by Dodge. The first Dakota was introduced in 1986 as a 1987 model alongside the redesigned Dodge Ram 50...
- 1986–1993 Dodge DaytonaDodge DaytonaThe first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
- 1988–1993 Dodge DynastyDodge DynastyThe Dodge Dynasty was a front-wheel drive sedan that was introduced in 1987 as a 1988 model to replace the 600 as Dodge's mid-size car. The Dodge Dynasty was related to the Chrysler New Yorker; both car lines were built on the Chrysler C platform in Belvidere, Illinois.The Dynasty is also similar...
- 1986–1989 Dodge LancerDodge LancerThe Dodge Lancer is a passenger car from the Dodge division of Chrysler Corporation. Dodge used the Lancer name on three different vehicles over the years.-1955–1959:...
- 1987–1994 Dodge ShadowDodge ShadowFor 1987, Chrysler Corporation introduced two new compact cars, the Dodge Shadow and the Plymouth Sundance , intended to replace the Dodge Charger - Dodge Omni and Plymouth Turismo - Plymouth Horizon, respectively...
- 1989–1995 Dodge SpiritDodge SpiritThe Dodge Spirit is a mid-size 5- or 6-passenger sedan that was introduced in January 1989 as a replacement for the similarly sized Dodge 600. The Spirit was Dodge's version of the Chrysler AA platform, a stretched variation of the Chrysler K platform...
- 1989–1995 Plymouth AcclaimPlymouth AcclaimThe Plymouth Acclaim is a mid-size sedan produced in the 1989 to 1995 model years. The Acclaim was Plymouth's updated replacement for the similarly sized E-body Caravelle; both cars were built on the Chrysler K platform...
- 1986–1988 Plymouth CaravellePlymouth CaravelleThe Plymouth Caravelle is a mid-size sedan that was originally a 1983 Canadian model. The Caravelle came to the United States in 1985 to replace the Chrysler E-Class. It was essentially identical to the concurrent Dodge 600. It was replaced by the Plymouth Acclaim in 1989...
- 1986–1989 Plymouth ReliantPlymouth ReliantThe Plymouth Reliant was one of the first two so-called "K-cars" manufactured by the Chrysler Corporation, introduced for the 1981 model year. The Reliant replaced the Plymouth Volaré/Road Runner, which was the short-lived successor automobile to the highly regarded Plymouth Valiant...
- 1987–1994 Plymouth SundancePlymouth SundanceThe Plymouth Sundance is a compact car model that was produced for model years 1987 to 1994. It was designed to compete with upmarket compacts such as the Geo Prizm, Ford Escort and the Honda Civic after the production of the Horizon was to be extended...
- 1987½–1995 Plymouth VoyagerPlymouth VoyagerIn 1984, the Voyager name was applied to Plymouth's variant of Chrysler's all new minivan. This Voyager used the Chrysler S platform, which was derived from the K-platform . In addition to using a derived platform, the Voyager shared many components with the K-cars, most notably the interior...
Turbo I
The 2.5 engine was offered in a Turbo I form starting in 1989. This engine had multipoint fuel injection and was rated at 150 hp and 170 lbft. In some models the 2.5 Turbo I was available in a "High Torque" version, which put out 152 hp and 210 lbft by allowing higher boost pressures at low rpms.- 1989–1992 Chrysler LeBaronChrysler LeBaronThe Chrysler LeBaron was originally a classic luxury car of 1930s manufactured by Chrysler which competed with other luxury cars of the era such as Lincoln and Packard....
- 1989–1990 Dodge CaravanDodge CaravanThe Dodge Caravan is a family minivan manufactured by Chrysler Group LLC and sold under its Dodge brand. Along with its nameplate variant, the Plymouth Voyager, the Caravan was introduced for the 1984 model year. In 1987, the Dodge Grand Caravan long-wheelbase model was introduced and sold...
- 1989–1992 Dodge DaytonaDodge DaytonaThe first car that carried the Daytona name was a sporty version of the Studebaker Lark which was produced from 1963 to 1966 with standard bucket seats and available with an optional Studebaker Avanti V8 high-performance engine....
- 1989–1992 Dodge ShadowDodge ShadowFor 1987, Chrysler Corporation introduced two new compact cars, the Dodge Shadow and the Plymouth Sundance , intended to replace the Dodge Charger - Dodge Omni and Plymouth Turismo - Plymouth Horizon, respectively...
- 1989–1992 Dodge SpiritDodge SpiritThe Dodge Spirit is a mid-size 5- or 6-passenger sedan that was introduced in January 1989 as a replacement for the similarly sized Dodge 600. The Spirit was Dodge's version of the Chrysler AA platform, a stretched variation of the Chrysler K platform...
- 1989–1992 Plymouth AcclaimPlymouth AcclaimThe Plymouth Acclaim is a mid-size sedan produced in the 1989 to 1995 model years. The Acclaim was Plymouth's updated replacement for the similarly sized E-body Caravelle; both cars were built on the Chrysler K platform...
- 1989–1992 Plymouth SundancePlymouth SundanceThe Plymouth Sundance is a compact car model that was produced for model years 1987 to 1994. It was designed to compete with upmarket compacts such as the Geo Prizm, Ford Escort and the Honda Civic after the production of the Horizon was to be extended...
- 1989–1990 Plymouth VoyagerPlymouth VoyagerIn 1984, the Voyager name was applied to Plymouth's variant of Chrysler's all new minivan. This Voyager used the Chrysler S platform, which was derived from the K-platform . In addition to using a derived platform, the Voyager shared many components with the K-cars, most notably the interior...
Turbo II
In the MexicanMexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
market, a 2.5 Turbo II engine with intercooler and intake charge temperature sensing was available, rated at 168 hp and 175 lbft to 188 lbft.
Carbureted
Carburetor
A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....
, a tubular exhaust header
Exhaust manifold
In automotive engineering, an exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders into one pipe. The word manifold comes from the Old English word manigfeald and refers to the folding together of multiple inputs and outputs.In contrast, an inlet manifold is the part of an engine...
, and electronic control of ignition timing. This induction and ignition system used technology and components very similar to those employed in Chrysler's US-market Lean Burn emission control systems of the late 1970s. This configuration was discontinued in favour of electronic fuel injection for the 1991 model year, when exhaust emission regulations
Automobile emissions control
Vehicle emissions control is the study and practice of reducing the motor vehicle emissions -- emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal combustion engines....
took force in Mexico.
FFV
From 1993 to 1995, a 107 hp multipoint fuel injected non-turbo version of the 2.5 engine was installed in flexible-fuel Dodge SpiritDodge Spirit
The Dodge Spirit is a mid-size 5- or 6-passenger sedan that was introduced in January 1989 as a replacement for the similarly sized Dodge 600. The Spirit was Dodge's version of the Chrysler AA platform, a stretched variation of the Chrysler K platform...
s and Plymouth Acclaim
Plymouth Acclaim
The Plymouth Acclaim is a mid-size sedan produced in the 1989 to 1995 model years. The Acclaim was Plymouth's updated replacement for the similarly sized E-body Caravelle; both cars were built on the Chrysler K platform...
s. This engine and its fuel supply and computerized management system were specially modified to run on fuel containing up to 85% Ethanol. Most of the MPFI system was common with the Mexican-market 2.5 MPFI engine. Modifications included upgraded seal and gasket materials, chrome piston rings, stainless-steel fuel system components,sion fuel injectors internally plated with nickel, and fuel composition sensors.
MPFI
From 1991 to 1995 in the MexicanMexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
market, multipoint fuel injected, non-turbo version of the 2.2 and 2.5 were installed in many Chrysler Corporation vehicles. This version of the 2.5 was rated at 113 hp, and in most cases lacked the balance shafts used in all other versions of the 2.5. The MPFI system gave better driveability, performance and fuel economy, and cleaner emissions, but was nevertheless not used elsewhere than the Mexican domestic market and Chrysler de Mexico's export markets.
Engine computers
Various kinds of Engine Control UnitEngine Control Unit
An engine control unit is a type of electronic control unit that determines the amount of fuel, ignition timing and other parameters an internal combustion engine needs to keep running...
s were used with the 2.2 and 2.5 engines. From 1984–1987, the ECU was divided into the Logic Module (LM), which was inside the passenger cabin, and the Power Module located near the battery on the left front fender. The LM used a Motorola 6803U4 processor operating at 1 MHz, with 256 bytes of RAM and either two 8K EPROMs or one 16K EPROM. From 1988–1989, a SMEC (Single Module Engine Controller) was used. This was a complete redesign of the older system, using modern CAD for board design, and higher density SMD components. The processor was a 68HC11 operating at 2 MHz with 256 bytes of RAM and a 32K EPROM. Functionally, the SMEC was the combination of the earlier Logic and Power modules into one unit. Starting in 1990, a more advanced SBEC (Single Board Engine Controller) was used, which integrated the earlier two board computer into a single board.