Capiz
Encyclopedia
Capiz is a province
Provinces of the Philippines
The Provinces of the Philippines are the primary political and administrative divisions of the Philippines. There are 80 provinces at present, further subdivided into component cities and municipalities. The National Capital Region, as well as independent cities, are autonomous from any provincial...

 of the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

 located in the Western Visayas
Western Visayas
Western Visayas, one of the regions of the Philippines, is designated as Region VI. It consists of six provinces; Aklan, Antique, Negros Occidental, Capiz, Guimaras and Iloilo and 16 cities making it the region with the highest number of cities. Iloilo City is the regional center...

 region
Regions of the Philippines
In the Philippines, regions are administrative divisions that serve primarily to organize the provinces of the country for administrative convenience. Currently, the archipelagic republic of the Philippines is divided into 17 regions...

. Its capital is Roxas City
Roxas City
Roxas City is a medium-sized city in the province of Capiz, Philippines. It is the provincial capital and a component city. , the city mayor is former city vice mayor Angel Alan Celino who was elected during the 2010 election....

 and is located at the northeastern portion of Panay Island
Panay Island
Panay is an island in the Philippines located in the western part of the Visayas. Politically, it is divided into five provinces: Aklan, Antique, Capiz, and Iloilo, all in the Western Visayas Region. It is located southeast of the island of Mindoro and northwest of Negros, separated by the...

, bordering Aklan and Antique
Antique province
Antique is a province of the Philippines located in the Western Visayas region. Its capital is San Jose and is located at the western portion of Panay Island, bordering Aklan, Capiz, and Iloilo to the east. Antique faces the Sulu Sea to the west....

 to the west, and Iloilo to the south. Capiz faces the Sibuyan Sea
Sibuyan Sea
The Sibuyan Sea is a small sea in the Philippines that separates the Visayas from the northern Philippine island of Luzon.-Description:It is bounded by the island of Panay to the south, Mindoro to the west, Masbate to the east, and to the north Marinduque and the Bicol Peninsula of Luzon Island.The...

 to the north. Capiz is known for its mother-of-pearl shells that have the same name and are used for decoration, making lampshades, trays, window doors. Capiz is known as the Seafood Capital of the Philippines.

Name

There are main version on how Capiz got its name:1) 'Akean' and 'Kapid' (meaning "twins") which Balingangan, Datu Bangkaya's eldest son, names his territories in honor of his twin daughters.(2) When the Spaniards established a settlement, they found an abundance of a mollusk called 'pios' or 'kapid', the old native name which has also come to known as Capiz.

People

Historians and ethnologists narrowed down to three types of people known to have inhabited Capiz: Aeta
Aeta
The Aeta , Agta or Ayta are an indigenous people who live in scattered, isolated mountainous parts of Luzon, Philippines. They are considered to be Negritos, who are dark to very dark brown-skinned and tend to have features such as a small stature, small frame, curly to kinky afro-like textured...

, popularly known as Negrito
Negrito
The Negrito are a class of several ethnic groups who inhabit isolated parts of Southeast Asia.Their current populations include 12 Andamanese peoples of the Andaman Islands, six Semang peoples of Malaysia, the Mani of Thailand, and the Aeta, Agta, Ati, and 30 other peoples of the Philippines....

s; Indonesians
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...

 descendants of the Mundo tribe in central Panay; and the Malays.

History

Capiz became the second Spanish settlement after Cebu
Cebu
Cebu is a province in the Philippines, consisting of Cebu Island and 167 surrounding islands. It is located to the east of Negros, to the west of Leyte and Bohol islands...

 when Captain Diego de Artienda, sent by Legaspi landed in the town of Pan-ay and proclaimed it the capital of the province. The capital was then moved to the present location of Roxas City
Roxas City
Roxas City is a medium-sized city in the province of Capiz, Philippines. It is the provincial capital and a component city. , the city mayor is former city vice mayor Angel Alan Celino who was elected during the 2010 election....

.

Folk history recorded in the Maragtas
Maragtas
The Maragtas is a work by Pedro Alcantara Monteclaro titled History of Panay from the first inhabitants and the Bornean immigrants, from which they descended, to the arrival of the Spaniards. The work is in mixed Hiligaynon and Kinaray-a languages in Iloilo in 1907...

 by Pedro Monteclaro says ten Bornean
Borneo
Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java Island, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia....

 datu
Datu
Datu is the title for tribal chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs in the Visayas and Mindanao Regions of the Philippines. Together with Lakan , Apo in Central and Northern Luzon, Sultan and Rajah, they are titles used for native royalty, and are still currently used in the Philippines...

s landed at a site now known as San Joaquin town in Iloilo
Iloilo
Iloilo is a province of the Philippines located in the Western Visayas region. Iloilo occupies the southeast portion of Panay Island and is bordered by Antique Province to the west and Capiz Province and the Jintotolo Channel to the north. Just off Iloilo's southeast coast is Guimaras Province,...

 province. They purchased Panay Island
Panay Island
Panay is an island in the Philippines located in the western part of the Visayas. Politically, it is divided into five provinces: Aklan, Antique, Capiz, and Iloilo, all in the Western Visayas Region. It is located southeast of the island of Mindoro and northwest of Negros, separated by the...

 from the Aeta
Aeta
The Aeta , Agta or Ayta are an indigenous people who live in scattered, isolated mountainous parts of Luzon, Philippines. They are considered to be Negritos, who are dark to very dark brown-skinned and tend to have features such as a small stature, small frame, curly to kinky afro-like textured...

, cultivated the land, and renamed the island Madya-as. They divided it into three communities: Irong-irong
Irong-Irong
Irong-Irong appears in the Maragtas legend of the coming of ten Bornean datus to the island of Panay. The datus bartered with a local Ati chieftain for the plains and valleys of the island, offering gold in return....

, Akean
Akean
Akean is a river on Panay in the Visayas. The name of the river is where the term Aklan came from, and is derived from the word akae, which means to boil or to froth. Because of the swiftness of the river current, the water of the Aklan river seems to boil or froth. Akean therefore means "where...

 (which includes the Capiz area), and Hamtik.

It is said that in Capiz in 1570, the Datu Bankaya’s wife of the Aklan district gave birth to twin daughters. Twin is "Kapid" in the local dialect, so the Spaniards adopted the name Capiz (Kapid) as inadvertently miscommunicated to them by the natives.

Capiz, which was part of Aklan in pre-Spanish times, was one of the early settlements of the Malays, centuries before the coming of the Spaniards to the Philippines. It was part of the Confederation of Madjaas, formed after the purchase of Panay by the Bornean datus from the Negrito king named Marikudo.

When the Spaniards led by Miguel López de Legazpi
Miguel López de Legazpi
Miguel López de Legazpi , also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo , was a Spanish conquistador who established one of the first European settlements in the East Indies and the Pacific Islands in 1565. He is the first Governor-General in the Philippines...

 came to Panay from Cebu
Cebu Island
Cebu is an island of the Philippines. It is the main island of Cebu Province at the center of the Visayan Islands, south of Manila.It lies to the east of Negros Island; to the east is Leyte and to the southeast is Bohol Island. It is flanked on both sides by the Cebu Strait and Tañon Strait...

 in 1569, they found people with tattoos, and so they called it Isla de los Pintados. How the island itself came to be called Panay is uncertain. The Aeta
Aeta
The Aeta , Agta or Ayta are an indigenous people who live in scattered, isolated mountainous parts of Luzon, Philippines. They are considered to be Negritos, who are dark to very dark brown-skinned and tend to have features such as a small stature, small frame, curly to kinky afro-like textured...

 called it Aninipay, after a plant that abounded in the island. Legend has it that López de Legazpi and his men, in search of food, exclaimed upon the island, pan hay en esta isla!. So they established their first settlement in the island at the mouth of the Banica River in Capiz and called it Pan-ay
Panay
Panay may refer to*Panay Island*Panay *Panay, Capiz*Panay River*Panay Gulf* USS Panay *Panay incident...

. This was the second Spanish settlement in the Philippines, the first being San Miguel, Cebu
Cebu Island
Cebu is an island of the Philippines. It is the main island of Cebu Province at the center of the Visayan Islands, south of Manila.It lies to the east of Negros Island; to the east is Leyte and to the southeast is Bohol Island. It is flanked on both sides by the Cebu Strait and Tañon Strait...

.

In the same year of 1569 Captain ('Capitan') Diego de Artieda who was sent by Legaspi landed in the Town of Panay and proclaimed it as the capital of the province. Later, they moved the Capital to its present site upon discovering the town of Capiz (not the province, and now Roxas City) which was near the sea and provided docking facilities.

On April 15, 1901, the civic government of Capiz was created by virtue of Act 115.

In 1942, the region was occupied by the Japanese troops. In 1945, the region was liberated by the joint Filipino and American troops with Capiznon guerrillas from the defeated Japanese Imperial forces during Second World War.

Capiz and Aklan were united under one province until April 25, 1956, when President Ramon Magsaysay signed into law Republic Act 1414 separating the two entities.

Economy

Dubbed as the “Seafood Capital of the Philippines”, Capiz boasts of its 80-kilometer coastline and wide expanse of swampy lands easily converted into fishponds. It holds one of the richest fishing grounds and a major contributor in the aquamarine industry of the Philippines.

Four big telecommunication companies offer telegraph, telex and telephone services. There are 33 banking institutions and 116 intermediaries operating in the province.

Farming and fishing are the primary sources of income of the people. The combined natural bounty of land and sea sustain a vibrant food industry. Primary agricultural raw products are rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, banana and cut flower. Apart from a surplus of agricultural products, Capiz is also a major supplier of prawn and milk fish of the country. Other agro-industrial harvests include blue marlin, squid, oysters, shrimp, seaweed, squid and angel wings. Rich fish ponds attract investors to venture into prawn culture, prawn feed manufacture, seaweed farming and the distribution and processing of other marine products. A robust workforce of 445,246 operates with a literacy rate of 90.5% The agricultural sector ensures the province as one of the wealthiest in the Western Visayas Region although progress is impeded by corruption.

Its relatively unexplored caves are said to have high deposits of mineral resources such as limestone, gold and metal.

Geography

Capiz is located on a small island formed by the Panay
Panay River
Panay River is a river of the Philippines, draining a large portion of the island of Panay in Western Visayas region....

 and Banica
Banica River
Banica River is*a river of the Philippines on Panay Island.*a river of the Philippines on Negros Island flowing through Dumaguete City...

 rivers. The Panay river used to be famous for the great number of alligators thriving there. The soil is poor in the northern part of the island and is most productive only in the southern part. Capiz is bounded by the Mindoro sea, the Panay, Loctugan and Ivisan rivers.

Political

Capiz is subdivided into 16 municipalities and 1 city
Cities of the Philippines
A city is a tier of local government in the Philippines. All Philippine cities are chartered cities, whose existence as corporate and administrative entities is governed by their own specific charters in addition to the Local Government Code of 1991, which specifies the administrative structure...

.

Municipalities

  • Cuartero
    Cuartero, Capiz
    Cuartero is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 24,286 people in 4,681 households.-Barangays:Cuartero is politically subdivided into 22 barangays.* Agcabugao* Agdahon...

  • Dao
    Dao, Capiz
    Dao is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 30,623 people in 5,921 households.-Barangays:Dao is politically subdivided into 20 barangays.* Aganan* Agtambi* Agtanguay...

  • Dumalag
    Dumalag, Capiz
    Dumalag is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 25,920 people in 5,375 households.-Barangays:Dumalag is politically subdivided into 19 barangays.* Concepcion* Consolacion...

  • Dumarao
    Dumarao, Capiz
    Dumarao is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 40,303 people in 7,993 households...

  • Ivisan
    Ivisan, Capiz
    Ivisan is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 24,256 people in 4,683 households.-Barangays:Ivisan is politically subdivided into 15 barangays.* Agmalobo...

  • Jamindan
    Jamindan, Capiz
    Jamindan is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 33,966 people in 6,850 households.-Barangays:Jamindan is politically subdivided into 30 barangays.* Agambulong* Agbun-od...

  • Ma-ayon
    Ma-ayon, Capiz
    Ma-ayon is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 32,700 people in 6,395 households.-Barangays:Ma-ayon is politically subdivided into 32 barangays.-External links:**...

  • Mambusao
    Mambusao, Capiz
    Mambusao is a 1st class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 36,793 people in 7,421 households. Mambusao is the home of the Villareals, the most famous of whom is Speaker Cornelio "Agurang Coni" Villareal and Governor Cornelio...

  • Panay
    Panay, Capiz
    Panay or Pan-ay is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 40,599 people in 7,660 households...

  • Panitan
    Panitan, Capiz
    Panitan is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 37,458 people in 7,073 households.-Vision:...

  • Pilar
    Pilar, Capiz
    Pilar is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 38,903 people in 7,747 households.-History & Culture:...

  • Pontevedra
    Pontevedra, Capiz
    Pontevedra is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 40,103 people in 7,673 households.-Barangays:Pontevedra is politically subdivided into 26 barangays.* Agbanog* Agdalipe...

  • President Roxas
    President Roxas, Capiz
    President Roxas is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 27,531 people in 5,119 households....

  • Sapian
    Sapi-an, Capiz
    Sapi-an or Sapian is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. It belongs to the Second Congressional District of the Province of Capiz...

  • Sigma
    Sigma, Capiz
    Sigma is a 4th class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 27,366 people in 5,541 households.-Barangays:Sigma is politically subdivided into 21 barangays.* Acbo* Amaga* Balucuan...

  • Tapaz
    Tapaz, Capiz
    Tapaz is a 1st class municipality in the province of Capiz, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 44,085 people in 8,739 households.-Territorial Boundary:...


  • Culture

    Capiz is known for the brilliant Capiz shell produced here, it is used in making windows, lanterns, decorations, vases, etc. The Capiz shell has a luster similar to mother of pearl shells.

    Myths, Folklore, Superstitious Beliefs and Practices

    The early Panayanon believed in many god
    God
    God is the English name given to a singular being in theistic and deistic religions who is either the sole deity in monotheism, or a single deity in polytheism....

    s. Bulalakaw, a bird which looked like a peacock and could cause illness, was said to live in the island's sacred mountain called Madya-as. A chief goddess
    Goddess
    A goddess is a female deity. In some cultures goddesses are associated with Earth, motherhood, love, and the household. In other cultures, goddesses also rule over war, death, and destruction as well as healing....

     was believed to reside in the mountain of the nearby island of Negros Occidental
    Negros Occidental
    Negros Occidental is a province of the Philippines located in the Western Visayas region. Its capital is Bacolod City and it occupies the northwestern half of Negros Island; Negros Oriental is at the southeastern half...

    . She was called Laon, after whom Mt. Kanlaon is named. Mediators to the gods, also said to be the first priests, were: Bangutbanwa, who prayed for good harvests and an orderly universe; Mangindalon, who interceded for sick persons and prayed for the punishment of enemies; and Soliran and Solian, who performed marriage ceremonies. Manunubo was the good spirit of the sea.

    The kama-kama are dwarves living in earth mounds, and are lazy and fun loving. The tamawu/taglugar are spirits that can be either friendly or evil. They live in resplendent palaces that look like mere boulders to the human eye. When they find a human being attractive, they entice the person to join them; this peculiar act of courtship is called yanggaw. The dwindi is a dwarf residing in a mount of earth. The lulid sa bungsud has a big head, but a small torso and limbs. One who disturbs the mound where it resides falls ill. The agta is a very dark, hairy person living in the forest. Although a trickster, it is helpful to people. The amaranhig is a dead person who has returned to life and simply echoes everything that mortals say; it has lost the power to think. Hiwit or barang is a ritual that gives one of the power to inflict pain on an enemy.

    Hymn

    The province has an official hymn, "O, Capiz", written in Capiznon
    Capiznon
    Capiznon is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. Capiznon is concentrated in the province of Capiz in the northeast of Panay Island....

     by Charmaine Ocbeña Guartero and adopted on June 23, 2006.

    List of schools

    • President Manuel A. Roxas Memorial Sped School (SPED) Fast learner
    • Capiz Commercial School (CCS)
    • Lantangan Elementary School
    • Saint Mary's Academy Of Capiz (SMAC)
    • St. Joseph Diocesan School (SJDS)
    • Elizalde Academy
    • Pres. Roxas Central Elementary School
    • AMA Computer Learning Center - ROXAS (Fuentes Drive, Roxas City)
    • Don Maximo Dais Memorial School
    • Feliciano Consing Memorial School
    • Professor Viterbo Memorial School
    • Banate Elementary School
    • Pontevedra Elementary School
    • Ramon A. Benjamin Sr. National High School
    • President Manuel A. Roxas Memorial School (South)
    • Roxas City School for Philippine Craftsmen (RCSPC)
    • Step By Step Christian Academy
    • Capiz State University (formerly Capiz Institute of Technology)
    • Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion (CPC) Main & Annex
    • Hipona Elementary School(Hipona, Pontevedra, Capiz)
    • Filamer Christian University
      Filamer Christian University
      Filamer Christian University or the FCU is a higher education institution established 1904 by Rev. and Mrs. Joseph Robbins with the help of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society...

    • PACE Computer College
    • Capiz State University
      Capiz State University
      The Capiz State University is a public university in the Philippines. It is mandated to provide advanced instruction and professional training in agriculture, fishery and forestry, science and technology, arts and humanities, education and other related fields...

       (formerly Panay State Polytechnic College)
    • Hercor College
    • Our Lady of Fatima Academy
    • Our Lady of Snows Institute, Dumarao, Capiz
    • Capiz National High School (the original Capiz High School)
    • St. Martin Academy dumalag capiz
    • Hercor College
    • Our Lady Of Grace Academy (OLGA), Lonoy, Roxas City
    • Parish School of Saint Isidor (PSSI), Pontevedra, Capiz
    • Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary Academy (OLMHRA), Tapaz, Capiz
    • Dumalag Vocational-Technical School
    • Cabugcabug National High school
    • Cong. Ramon A. Arnaldo High School (formerly City Of Roxas High School)
    • Ivisan National High School
    • Concepcion Castro Garcia National High School, Dumalag, Capiz
    • Malonoy National High School
    • Milibili National High School
    • Life Goal International Institute
    • St. Anthony College of Nursing
      St. Anthony College
      St. Anthony College, better known as St. Anthony College of Roxas City, is catholic school in Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines. It is a non-profit, non-stock educational Institution that is owned and managed by the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul. It is the only Catholic Institution in...

    • Our Lady of Mount Carmel Learning Center, De La Salle Supervised
      Our Lady of Mount Carmel Learning Center
      Our Lady of Mount Carmel Learning Center, De La Salle Supervised, also known as Mount Carmel La Salle or simply Mount Carmel, is a private catholic elementary school run under the direct supervision of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools/De La Salle Brothers of the University of...

    • College of St. John - Roxas, De La Salle Supervised
    • St. Pius X Seminary
      St. Pius X Seminary
      The Seminary of St. Pius X , or St. Pius X Seminary, is a Filipino Roman Catholic secondary school and seminary in the Lawaan hills, Roxas City, Capiz in the Philippines run by the Catholic priests of the Archdiocese of Capiz. The seminary and its surrounding areas comprise some three hectares of...

    • Sancta Maria Mater et Regina Seminarium
    • Dean Alberto Villarruz College
      Dean Alberto Villarruz College
      Dean Alberto Villarruz College, DAV College Dean Alberto Villarruz College, DAV College Dean Alberto Villarruz College, DAV College (formerly: STI College-Roxas (VILL-NET INC.), is a technical school located in Lawaan, Roxas City (formerly located in Quintia Bldg., Magallanes St., Roxas City,...

    • Capiz Institute of Electronics
    • Culasi National High School
    • Dumalag Central National High School
    • Hipona National High School
    • Don Antonio Belo Memorial School
    • Panitan National High School
    • Pontevedra national High School
    • Pontevedra Christian School (Formerly PBC-CLC Pontevedra Baptist Church Child Learning Center)
    • Duran Element University
    • Kirk levin University
    • Jagnaya National High School
    • Commisioner Luis Asis National High School
    • Don Felix Balgos National High School

    Hospitals

    • Roxas Memorial Provincial Hospital (formerly Roxas Memorial General Hospital)
    • Capiz Emmanuel Hospital
    • St. Anthony College Hospital
      St. Anthony College
      St. Anthony College, better known as St. Anthony College of Roxas City, is catholic school in Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines. It is a non-profit, non-stock educational Institution that is owned and managed by the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul. It is the only Catholic Institution in...

    • Capiz Doctors Hospital
    • Mambusao General Hospital
    • Sen. Gerry Roxas District Hospital (Dao District Hospital)
    • Bailan District Hospital
    • Maayon Clinic

    External links

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