Bor, Serbia
Encyclopedia
Bor is a town and municipality located in eastern Serbia
, with one of the largest copper
mines
in Europe
and it has been a mining centre since 1904, when a French company began operations there. It is the administrative center of the Bor District
of Serbia. The population of the town is 33,328, while municipality has 48,155.
, and it is very close to the mountain Crni Vrh
.
Bubanj-Salkuca culture ceramics and anthropomorphic-zoomorphic figurines
were found in Krivelj
.
In 1903 the mine of Bor was opened which was important moment for the development of Bor.
The poete Miklós Radnóti
wrote here some of the most beautiful poems ever written in Hungarian during his forced labour (1944) in the copper mines.
Since 1947 Bor officially has a town status - at the time its population was 11,000.
On March 6, 2007, RTB Bor
(Bors mining company) was sold to Romania
n Cuprom
for US$400 Million. Cuprom has pledged to modernise the production facilities in RTB Bor
and Majdanpek mines, in order to improve the productivity levels. This is seen as the breakthrough deal that the city of Bor needed to speed up its much needed economic reforms.
However, due to Cuprom
s failure to meet a deadline regarding the financing, the Serbian government had cut the deal and the complex was put up for privatization once again.
On February 7, 2008, the Austrian consortium A-TEC acquired the eastern Serbia based copper mining and smelting complex for USD 466mn with a further USD 237mn to follow in the next two years. The buyer is also obliged not to lay off any of the company's 4,691 employees which is seen as a major breakthrough in the revitalization of the Bor economy.
Currently, the average gross monthly wage in the city of Bor is US $730 (RSD 54649, EUR 540, 944NZD ) - As of August 2011
This average monthly wage is set to receive a large increase as soon as the modernizing of RTB Bor
begins(Including the flow-on effects, i.e. Further business investment in the city, etc.)
Since A-TEC did not acquire copper mining and smelting complex (RTB BOR), Privatization Agency announced new tender for strategic partner for RTB, on 27.02.2009.
, which will carry his name "Viktor Troicki". The Academy will cover 12,000 square meters, close to five-stars hotel "Jezero". Troicki said that he will use every free moment to stay in Bor, especially to spend time in his academy.
In the 2002 census, the population of the Bor municipality numbered 55,817 residents, and was composed of:
, Donja Bela Reka, and Oštrelj
. The settlements with Romanian(Vlach) ethnic majority are: Bučje
, Gornjane
, Krivelj
, Luka, Metovnica
, Tanda
, Topla
, and Šarbanovac. Ethnically mixed settlements are: Zlot
(with relative Serb majority) and Slatina (with relative Romanian(Vlach) majority).
The number of residents has dropped since air pollution
has caused many people to leave the town.
, Montenegro
Le Creusot
, France
Khmelnytskyi
, Ukraine
Kitwe
, Zambia
Vratsa
, Bulgaria
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
, with one of the largest copper
Copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; an exposed surface has a reddish-orange tarnish...
mines
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock...
in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
and it has been a mining centre since 1904, when a French company began operations there. It is the administrative center of the Bor District
Bor District
Bor District is a district of Serbia with seat in Bor. It has a population of 123,848 .-History:...
of Serbia. The population of the town is 33,328, while municipality has 48,155.
Geography
Bor is surrounded by many beautiful places such as Banjsko Polje, the spa-town Brestovačka Banja, the lake Borsko Jezero, and the mountain StolStol
Stol, also known as Veliki Stol or Hochstuhl , is the highest peak in the Karavanke mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps with an elevation of . The border between Slovenia and Austria runs along its ridge.The first ascent was made in 1794 by Carniolan Count Franz von Hohenwart...
, and it is very close to the mountain Crni Vrh
Crni Vrh (Bor)
Crni vrh is a mountain in eastern Serbia, between towns of Bor and Žagubica. Its eponymous highest peak is 1043 m high. It is a minor winter resort, and it has several ski tracks, although the infrastructure is in bad shape...
.
History
NeolithicNeolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
Bubanj-Salkuca culture ceramics and anthropomorphic-zoomorphic figurines
Figurines
Figurines is an indie rock band from Denmark, formed in the mid-1990s. The band released their first EP, The Detour, in 2001 and their first full-length album, Shake a Mountain, in 2004. The band began to receive national attention in Denmark around the time of the full-length release, and began...
were found in Krivelj
Krivelj
Krivelj is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1316 people.-References:...
.
In 1903 the mine of Bor was opened which was important moment for the development of Bor.
The poete Miklós Radnóti
Miklós Radnóti
Miklós Radnóti, birth name Miklós Glatter was a Hungarian poet who died in The Holocaust.-Personality and early life:...
wrote here some of the most beautiful poems ever written in Hungarian during his forced labour (1944) in the copper mines.
Since 1947 Bor officially has a town status - at the time its population was 11,000.
Municipality
Bor municipality includes the town of Bor and the following villages:- Brestovac
- Bučje
- GornjaneGornjaneGornjane is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1114 people.Gornjane has unofficial web site at http://www.gornjane.bravehost.com/ .-References:...
- Donja Bela Reka
- Zlot
- KriveljKriveljKrivelj is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1316 people.-References:...
- Luka
- MetovnicaMetovnicaMetovnica is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1331 people.-References:...
- OštreljOštreljOštrelj is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 654 people.-References:...
- Slatina
- Tanda
- ToplaToplaTopla may refer to several villages in Romania, Serbia, or Montenegro:* Topla, a village in Bor District in Serbia* Topla monastery, near Herceg Novi* Topla, a village in Cornereva Commune, Caraş-Severin County...
- Šarbanovac
Economy
Since the mid-1990s and during the time of sanctions on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, production in this mine dropped significantly from the very prosperous 1970s and 1980s. This has been due to both diminishing reserves and the inability to obtain new equipment that would most efficiently gather the remaining ore no longer of high grade. Copper mining is the key basis of Bor's economy and the effects of decreased production can be seen all over the town.On March 6, 2007, RTB Bor
RTB Bor
RTB Bor is a copper mining company located in Bor, Serbia.-History:After privatisation of the company, the following facilities of the company have remained with basic activities related to the extraction and treatment of copper ore:...
(Bors mining company) was sold to Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
n Cuprom
Cuprom
Cuprom is the sole producer of electrolytic copper, continuous cast copper rod and enameled wire in Romania and the largest in Eastern Europe .Cuprom refinery in Baia Mare has an annual production capacity of 40,000 tonnes of cathodes...
for US$400 Million. Cuprom has pledged to modernise the production facilities in RTB Bor
RTB Bor
RTB Bor is a copper mining company located in Bor, Serbia.-History:After privatisation of the company, the following facilities of the company have remained with basic activities related to the extraction and treatment of copper ore:...
and Majdanpek mines, in order to improve the productivity levels. This is seen as the breakthrough deal that the city of Bor needed to speed up its much needed economic reforms.
However, due to Cuprom
Cuprom
Cuprom is the sole producer of electrolytic copper, continuous cast copper rod and enameled wire in Romania and the largest in Eastern Europe .Cuprom refinery in Baia Mare has an annual production capacity of 40,000 tonnes of cathodes...
s failure to meet a deadline regarding the financing, the Serbian government had cut the deal and the complex was put up for privatization once again.
On February 7, 2008, the Austrian consortium A-TEC acquired the eastern Serbia based copper mining and smelting complex for USD 466mn with a further USD 237mn to follow in the next two years. The buyer is also obliged not to lay off any of the company's 4,691 employees which is seen as a major breakthrough in the revitalization of the Bor economy.
Currently, the average gross monthly wage in the city of Bor is US $730 (RSD 54649, EUR 540, 944NZD ) - As of August 2011
This average monthly wage is set to receive a large increase as soon as the modernizing of RTB Bor
RTB Bor
RTB Bor is a copper mining company located in Bor, Serbia.-History:After privatisation of the company, the following facilities of the company have remained with basic activities related to the extraction and treatment of copper ore:...
begins(Including the flow-on effects, i.e. Further business investment in the city, etc.)
Since A-TEC did not acquire copper mining and smelting complex (RTB BOR), Privatization Agency announced new tender for strategic partner for RTB, on 27.02.2009.
Tennis Academy "Viktor Troicki"
On 16 December 2010 in Bor town was officially announced that from 2011 in this town in Serbia will start Troicki's Tennis AcademyViktor Troicki Tennis Academy
The Viktor Troicki Tennis Academy, will be located in Bor, Serbia from 2011, and will be the largest tennis academy in Serbia with an area of 12000 square meters. The whole complex will be close to five-star hotel "Jezero"....
, which will carry his name "Viktor Troicki". The Academy will cover 12,000 square meters, close to five-stars hotel "Jezero". Troicki said that he will use every free moment to stay in Bor, especially to spend time in his academy.
Politics
Seats in the municipality parliament won in the 2010 local elections: http://www2.bor030.net/politika/1305-urs-i-sdp-pobedili-na-izborima-u-bor-u- United Regions of Serbia, Socialdemocratic party - Mlađan Dinkić (10)
- Za evropski Bor (For European Bor) - DSDemocratic Party (Serbia)The Democratic Party is a political party in Serbia. It is described as a social liberal or social democratic party.-Pre-war history:The Democratic Party was established on 16 February 1919 from unification of Sarajevo parties independent radicals, progressives, liberals and the Serbian part of...
, SPOSerbian Renewal MovementThe Serbian Renewal Movement is a political party in Serbia.It was founded in 1990.In 1997 a dissident group abandoned the party and formed New Serbia....
,VDS, DHSSChristian Democratic Party of SerbiaThe Christian Democratic Party of Serbia is a Christian democratic political party in Serbia. At the final legislative elections in Serbia and Montenegro, held December 28, 2003, the party won no seats...
(7) - "Promene za Bor (Changes for Bor) - Tomislav NikolićTomislav NikolicTomislav "Toma" Nikolić is a Serbian politician, President of the Serbian Progressive Party. He is also a former member of the Serbian Radical Party, where he served as Deputy Leader of the party and parliamentary leader during the absence of Vojislav Šešelj...
" - SNSSerbian Progressive PartyThe Serbian Progressive Party is a right-wing political party in Serbia.-History:The Serbian Progressive Party formed as a group of breakaway MPs in parliament from the Serbian Radical Party led by Tomislav Nikolić over disagreements about the direction of the party. Its founding congress was...
, NSNew SerbiaNew Serbia is a political party in Serbia. It was created in 1997 by a number of dissidents from the Serbian Renewal Movement....
, Pokret socijalista, GG "Vlasi Krajine", GG "Vlaški pokret ujedinjenja" (7) - Socijalistička partija SrbijeSocialist Party of SerbiaThe Socialist Party of Serbia is officially a democratic socialist political party in Serbia. It is also widely recognized as a de facto Serbian nationalist party, though the party itself does not officially acknowledge this...
- Partija udruženih penzionera SrbijeParty of United Pensioners of SerbiaThe Party of United Pensioners of Serbia is a political party in Serbia. Party leader is Jovan Krkobabić. The party took part in 2007 parliamentary election in coalition with the Social Democratic Party and won no seats...
- Jedinstvena Srbija- Ivica DačićIvica DacicIvica Dačić is a Serbian politician. He is the leader of Socialist Party of Serbia and is First Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia and Minister of Internal Affairs....
(5) - "Jedinstveni za Bor (United for Bor) - dr Predrag Balašević" - VDSS, Romska partijaRoma PartyRoma Party is a political party in Serbia. It is an ethnic minority party of Roma people.Party president is Šajn Srđan. The party took part in the Serbian parliamentary election, 2007 as an independent list. It won one seat....
(2) - Liberalno - demokratska partija - Čedomir JovanovićCedomir JovanovicČedomir "Čeda" Jovanović is a Serbian politician and president of the Liberal Democratic Party .- Early life :...
(2) - Demokratska stranka SrbijeDemocratic Party of SerbiaThe Democratic Party of Serbia is a political party in Serbia.-Foundation:The Democratic Party of Serbia was founded when a faction of the Democratic Party that supported its involvement in the Democratic Movement of Serbia split from the party and formed their own in 1992.Soon after the March...
- Vojislav KoštunicaVojislav KoštunicaVojislav Koštunica is a Serbian politician, statesman and the president of the Democratic Party of Serbia. He was the last President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, succeeding Slobodan Milošević and serving from 2000 to 2003...
(2)
Ethnic groups in the municipality
In the 1991 census, Bor municipality had 59,900 residents, the absolute majority declaring themselves as Serbs.In the 2002 census, the population of the Bor municipality numbered 55,817 residents, and was composed of:
- SerbsSerbsThe Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
= 39,989 (71.64%) - Romanians(Vlachs) = 10,064 (18.03%)
- Roma = 1,259 (2.26%)
- others = 4,505 (8.07%).
Settlements by ethnic majority
According to the 2002 census, the settlements in the Bor municipality with Serb ethnic majority are: Bor, BrestovacBrestovac
Brestovac is village and a municipality in eastern Croatia, located west of Požega.There are 4,028 inhabitants in the municipality, 89% which are Croats...
, Donja Bela Reka, and Oštrelj
Oštrelj
Oštrelj is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 654 people.-References:...
. The settlements with Romanian(Vlach) ethnic majority are: Bučje
Bučje
-Croatia:*Bučje , a village near Pleternica in Požega-Slavonia County, Croatia*Bučje , a village near Pakrac in Požega-Slavonia County, Croatia-Serbia:*Bučje *Bučje *Bučje *Bučje *Ravno Bučje...
, Gornjane
Gornjane
Gornjane is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1114 people.Gornjane has unofficial web site at http://www.gornjane.bravehost.com/ .-References:...
, Krivelj
Krivelj
Krivelj is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1316 people.-References:...
, Luka, Metovnica
Metovnica
Metovnica is a village in the municipality of Bor, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1331 people.-References:...
, Tanda
Tanda
Tanda may refer to:places* Tanda, Côte d'Ivoire* Tanda, Egypt* Tanda, Gujrat* Tanda, belakang belindov candra* Tanda, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa*Tanda, Nigertowns in India* Tanda, Ambedaker Nagar* Urmar Tanda* Tanda, Rampurothers* Tanda , a coaster...
, Topla
Topla
Topla may refer to several villages in Romania, Serbia, or Montenegro:* Topla, a village in Bor District in Serbia* Topla monastery, near Herceg Novi* Topla, a village in Cornereva Commune, Caraş-Severin County...
, and Šarbanovac. Ethnically mixed settlements are: Zlot
Zlot
The zlot was a currency used in both medieval and modern times in Eastern Europe. It was widely used in Poland, which now uses the złoty. It was also used in the Ottoman Empire, Russia, Moldavia, Wallachia and Transylvania. It was used as an exchange currency by the merchants who passed through...
(with relative Serb majority) and Slatina (with relative Romanian(Vlach) majority).
Ethnic groups in the town
Bor is one of the towns with the most different nations of people living in. Total of 32 different nationalities are represented among the population of Bor. In the 2002 census, the population of the Bor town numbered 39,387 residents, and was composed of:- Serbs = 32,977
- Romanians(Vlachs) = 2,352
- Roma = 1,216
- Macedonians = 507
- Yugoslavs = 251
- Albanians = 105
- others = 1,979
The number of residents has dropped since air pollution
Air pollution
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere....
has caused many people to leave the town.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Bor is twinned with: BarBar, Montenegro
Bar is a coastal town in Montenegro. It has a population of 17,727...
, Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
Le Creusot
Le Creusot
Le Creusot is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne in eastern France.The inhabitants are known as Creusotins. Formerly a mining town, its economy is now dominated by metallurgical companies such as ArcelorMittal, Schneider Electric, and Alstom.Since the 1990s, the...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Khmelnytskyi
Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine
Khmelnytskyi is a city in Ukraine in the region of Podillia. It is located on the Southern Buh River and about from the Ukrainian capital, Kiev. The town's original name was Płoskirów, later Proskurov, but in 1954 was renamed Khmelnytskyi. It is the center of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western...
, Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
Kitwe
Kitwe
Kitwe is the second largest city in terms of size and population in Zambia. With a population of 547,700 Kitwe is one of the most developed commercial and industrial areas in the nation, alongside Ndola and Lusaka...
, Zambia
Zambia
Zambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
Vratsa
Vratsa
Vratsa is a city in northwestern Bulgaria, at the foothills of the Balkan Mountains. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Vratsa Province. As of February 2011, the town has a population of 60,482 inhabitants....
, Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
See also
- List of places in Serbia
- FK BorFK BorFK Bor is a football club based in Bor, Serbia.- History :The club was founded in 1919 as a Serbian-French sports society under the name Asotiation Sportive Bor or ASB for short. It was managed by a Frenchman named Loren, the director of mechanical services in Bor mining company...
- FK Rudar BorFK Rudar Bor-History:FK Rudar Bor was founded in 1942. The first name was Sports Club Rudar, but they played only football. Club founders was Bogosav Mijatović , Nikola Miladinović, Adolf Maček and else. City rival BSK at this years was much more successful then Rudar, but Rudar was second successful club in...
- Bor AirportBor AirportBor Airport is an airport near the town of Bor, Serbia.The airport is said to be partly used as a training camp by the Serbian special police units, called Žandarmerija, but also stay as a civil one to handle tourists during the season.-Reconstruction and development :Belgrade Nikola Tesla...
- Viktor Troicki Tennis AcademyViktor Troicki Tennis AcademyThe Viktor Troicki Tennis Academy, will be located in Bor, Serbia from 2011, and will be the largest tennis academy in Serbia with an area of 12000 square meters. The whole complex will be close to five-star hotel "Jezero"....