Baron Petre
Encyclopedia
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....
. It was created in 1603 for Sir John Petre
John Petre, 1st Baron Petre
John Petre, 1st Baron Petre was an English peer.-Biography:John was the only surviving son of the statesman Sir William Petre by his second wife Anne, daughter of William Browne...
. He represented Essex
Essex (UK Parliament constituency)
Essex was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1290 until 1832. It elected two MPs, traditionally referred to as Knights of the Shire, to the House of Commons...
in parliament and served as Lord Lieutenant of Essex
Lord Lieutenant of Essex
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Essex. Since 1688, all the Lord Lieutenants have also been Custos Rotulorum of Essex.*John Petre, 1st Baron Petre*John de Vere, 16th Earl of Oxford 1558–?...
. Lord Petre was the son of Sir William Petre
William Petre
Sir William Petre was a secretary of state to Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I and Elizabeth I.Educated as a lawyer at Oxford, he became a public servant, probably through the influence of the Boleyns, one of whom, George, he had tutored at Oxford and another of whom, Anne, was married to the king...
, Secretary of State to Henry VIII
Henry VIII of England
Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was Lord, and later King, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France...
, Mary I
Mary I of England
Mary I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death.She was the only surviving child born of the ill-fated marriage of Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon. Her younger half-brother, Edward VI, succeeded Henry in 1547...
, Edward VI
Edward VI of England
Edward VI was the King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death. He was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine. The son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Edward was the third monarch of the Tudor dynasty and England's first monarch who was raised as a Protestant...
and Elizabeth I.Sir William acquired Ingatestone Hall
Ingatestone Hall
Ingatestone Hall is a sixteenth century manor house in Essex, England. It was built by Sir William Petre, and his descendants live in the House to this day.Queen Elizabeth I of England spent several nights at the hall on her royal progress of 1561....
and the surrounding manor from Henry for the full market value after it had been surrendered to the King by Barking Abbey
Barking Abbey
The ruined remains of Barking Abbey are situated in Barking in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham in east London, England, and now form a public open space.- History :...
during the Suppression of the Monasteries.
History
The first Baron was succeeded by his son, William Petre, 2nd Baron PetreWilliam Petre, 2nd Baron Petre
William Petre, 2nd Baron Petre was educated at Oxford, was elected MP for Essex, knighted in 1603 and acceded to the Barony in 1613...
. He sat as Member of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
for Essex. His grandson, William Petre, 4th Baron Petre
William Petre, 4th Baron Petre
William Petre, 4th Baron Petre was an English peer, a victim of the Popish Plot.Petre was the eldest son of Robert Petre, third Baron Petre , and Mary , daughter of Anthony-Maria Browne, second Viscount Montagu, who had been arrested in connection with the Gunpowder Plot in 1605.Petre was openly a...
, was one of the accused in the Titus Oates plot and died in the Tower of London
Tower of London
Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space...
in 1684. His younger brother, Thomas Petre, 6th Baron Petre
Thomas Petre, 6th Baron Petre
Thomas Petre, 6th Baron Petre was an English Catholic peer, the third son of Robert Petre, 3rd Baron Petre and Mary Brown. Inheriting the title from his elder brother, Petre held the title for 21 years....
, was Lord Lieutenant of Essex. His great-grandson, Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre, who succeeded his father the year of his birth, married Anne Howard, daughter of Philip Howard, younger brother of Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk
Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk
Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal was a British peer. The son of Lord Thomas Howard and Mary Elizabeth Savile, he succeeded as Duke of Norfolk in 1732, after the death of his brother, Thomas Howard, 8th Duke of Norfolk.He married Mary Blount , daughter of Edward Blount and Anne...
. On her uncle's death in 1777 Anne became co-heiress to the baronies of Howard
Baron Howard
The title of Baron Howard was created in the Peerage of England. On 15 October 1470 John Howard was summoned to parliament. In 1483 he was created Duke of Norfolk, and in 1485 he was Attainted and his titles were forfeited. It is not clear if the barony of Howard was restored with the dukedom...
, Furnivall
Baron Furnivall
Baron Furnivall is an ancient title in the Peerage of England. It was originally created when Thomas de Furnivall was summoned to the Model Parliament of 1295 as Lord Furnivall. The barony eventually passed to Thomas Nevill, who had married the first baron's descendant Joan de Furnivall, and he...
, Strange of Blackmere
Baron Strange of Blackmere
The title Baron Strange of/de Blackmere was created once in the Peerage of England. On 13 January 1309 Fulk le Strange was summoned to parliament. On the death of the fifth baron in 1375, it was inherited by Elizabeth Mowbray, née le Strange. And on her death in 1383, it was inherited by Ankaret...
, Talbot
Baron Talbot
Baron Talbot is a title that has been created twice. The title was created first in the Peerage of England. On 5 June 1331, Sir Gilbert Talbot was summoned to Parliament, by which he was held to have become Baron Talbot....
, Braose of Gower
Baron Braose
The title of Baron Braose was created twice in the Peerage of England. Records from the period spell the name Brewose.William de Braose is recorded to have sat in the Parliament of Apr.-May 1290,whereby he may be held to have been LORD BRAOSE....
, Dacre of Gillesland
Baron Dacre
Baron Dacre is a title that has been created three times in the Peerage of England, every time by writ. The first creation came in 1321 when Ralph Dacre was summoned to Parliament as Lord Dacre. He married Margaret, 2nd Baroness Multon of Gilsland, heiress of a large estate in Cumbria centred on...
, Greystock
Baron Greystock
The title Baron Greystock has been created twice in the Peerage of England. It was first created when John de Greystock was summoned to parliament in 1295 and it became extinct on his death...
, Ferrers of Wemme, Giffard of Brimsfield and Verdon.
Their great-great-grandson, Bernard Petre, 14th Baron Petre, married Etheldreda, daughter of William Robinson Clark
William Robinson Clark
William Robinson Clark FRSC was a Scottish-Canadian theologian. He was born in Daviot, Aberdeenshire, son of James Clark. Originally educated for the Congregationalist ministry at New College London, he later conformed to the Church of England. After graduating from King's College, Aberdeen MA...
. In 1913 (five years after the death of Lord Petre) the abeyance of the ancient barony of Furnivall was terminated by the King in favour of their daughter Mary Frances Katherine Petre, who became the nineteenth Baroness Furnivall (see the Baron Furnivall
Baron Furnivall
Baron Furnivall is an ancient title in the Peerage of England. It was originally created when Thomas de Furnivall was summoned to the Model Parliament of 1295 as Lord Furnivall. The barony eventually passed to Thomas Nevill, who had married the first baron's descendant Joan de Furnivall, and he...
for more information). Petre was succeeded by his younger brother, Philip Petre, 15th Baron Petre. the title is held by the latter's great-grandson, John Petre, 18th Baron Petre
John Petre, 18th Baron Petre
John Patrick Lionel Petre, 18th Baron Petre of Ingatestone, Essex, England, is the currently appointed Lord Lieutenant of Essex and took up his duties upon the retirement of Robin Henry Charles Neville, 10th Baron Braybrooke in October 2002. He is also the 18th Baron of the Catholic Petre...
, who succeeded his father, Joseph William Lionel Petre, 17th Baron Petre
Joseph William Lionel Petre, 17th Baron Petre
Joseph William Lionel, 17th Lord Petre succeeded to the Barony of Petre in 1915 and was the patron of three livings but, being a Roman Catholic, could not present.-Wanganui’s tribute:...
in 1989. Lord Petre is Lord Lieutenant of Essex since 2002.
Another member of the Petre family was Father Sir Edward Petre, 3rd Baronet, the unpopular chaplain
Chaplain
Traditionally, a chaplain is a minister in a specialized setting such as a priest, pastor, rabbi, or imam or lay representative of a religion attached to a secular institution such as a hospital, prison, military unit, police department, university, or private chapel...
and advisor to James II
James II of England
James II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
. James made him Clerk of the Closet
Clerk of the Closet
The College of Chaplains of the Ecclesiastical Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom is under the Clerk of the Closet, an office dating from 1437. It is normally held by a diocesan bishop, who may however remain in office after leaving his see...
and asked the Pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
to make him a bishop and later a Cardinal
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
but was refused both requests.
The Petre family have been staunchly loyal to Roman Catholicism. It was the first Baron who publicly acknowledged his Catholicism. At least twelve members of the family have been Jesuits. The family has also produced two bishops, Francis (1692–1775) and Benjamin (1672–1758). These two were coadjutor bishop
Coadjutor bishop
A coadjutor bishop is a bishop in the Roman Catholic or Anglican churches who is designated to assist the diocesan bishop in the administration of the diocese, almost as co-bishop of the diocese...
s of, respectively, Bishop Dicconson
Edward Dicconson
Edward Dicconson was an English Catholic bishop, Titular Bishop of Malla and Vicar Apostolic of the Northern District of England.-Life:...
and Bishop Challoner
Richard Challoner
Richard Challoner was an English Roman Catholic bishop, a leading figure of English Catholicism during the greater part of the 18th century. He is perhaps most famous for his revision of the Douay Rheims translation of the Bible.-Early life:Challoner was born in the Protestant town of Lewes,...
.
The feudal Lordship of Writtle
Writtle
The village of Writtle lies a mile west of Chelmsford, Essex, England, it has a traditional village green, complete with duck pond and a Norman church; and was once described as: 'one of the loveliest villages in England, with a ravishing variety of ancient cottages'...
had for centuries been the possession of the de Brus family and early chroniclers give the manor
Manorialism
Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire, was widely practiced in medieval western and parts of central Europe, and was slowly replaced by the advent of a money-based market...
there as the birthplace of Robert the Bruce.
Properties
The family seats are Ingatestone HallIngatestone Hall
Ingatestone Hall is a sixteenth century manor house in Essex, England. It was built by Sir William Petre, and his descendants live in the House to this day.Queen Elizabeth I of England spent several nights at the hall on her royal progress of 1561....
(principal), at Ingatestone
Ingatestone
Ingatestone is a small town in Essex, England, with a population of about 4500 people. To the immediate north lies the village of Fryerning, and the two form the civil parish of Ingatestone and Fryerning....
, Essex
Essex
Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west...
, and Writtle Park, Essex
Essex
Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west...
. The family also owns Thorndon Hall
Thorndon Hall
Thorndon Hall is a Georgian Palladian country house within Thorndon Park, Ingrave, Essex, England, approximately two miles south of Brentwood and from central London....
, a deer park. Formerly called "Thorndon Old Hall", it burned in the early 1880s; it has since been rebuilt in the present form.
Barons Petre (1603)
- John Petre, 1st Baron PetreJohn Petre, 1st Baron PetreJohn Petre, 1st Baron Petre was an English peer.-Biography:John was the only surviving son of the statesman Sir William Petre by his second wife Anne, daughter of William Browne...
(1549–1613) - William Petre, 2nd Baron PetreWilliam Petre, 2nd Baron PetreWilliam Petre, 2nd Baron Petre was educated at Oxford, was elected MP for Essex, knighted in 1603 and acceded to the Barony in 1613...
(1575–1637) - Robert Petre, 3rd Baron PetreRobert Petre, 3rd Baron PetreRobert Petre, 3rd Baron Petre was educated at Oxford and acceded to the title in 1637 but enjoyed his honours but a short time, and followed his father to the grave in little more than a year. In 1620, he had married Mary , daughter of Anthony Brown, 2nd Viscount Montague...
(1599–1638) - William Petre, 4th Baron PetreWilliam Petre, 4th Baron PetreWilliam Petre, 4th Baron Petre was an English peer, a victim of the Popish Plot.Petre was the eldest son of Robert Petre, third Baron Petre , and Mary , daughter of Anthony-Maria Browne, second Viscount Montagu, who had been arrested in connection with the Gunpowder Plot in 1605.Petre was openly a...
(1626–1684) - John Petre, 5th Baron Petre (1629–1684)
- Thomas Petre, 6th Baron PetreThomas Petre, 6th Baron PetreThomas Petre, 6th Baron Petre was an English Catholic peer, the third son of Robert Petre, 3rd Baron Petre and Mary Brown. Inheriting the title from his elder brother, Petre held the title for 21 years....
(1633–1706) - Robert Petre, 7th Baron PetreRobert Petre, 7th Baron PetreRobert Petre, 7th Baron Petre was a British peer, the son of Thomas Petre, 6th Baron Petre and his wife Mary Clifton, daughter of Sir Thomas Clifton. He succeeded to his title, at the age of 17, upon the death of his father....
(1689–1713) - Robert James Petre, 8th Baron Petre (1713–1742)
- Robert Edward Petre, 9th Baron Petre (1742–1801)
- Robert Edward Petre, 10th Baron Petre (1763–1809)
- William Henry Francis Petre, 11th Baron Petre (1793–1850)
- William Bernard Petre, 12th Baron Petre (1817–1884)
- William Joseph Petre, 13th Baron Petre (1847–1893)
- Bernard Henry Philip Petre, 14th Baron Petre (1858–1908)
- Philip Benedict Joseph Petre, 15th Baron Petre (1864–1908)
- Lionel George Carroll Petre, 16th Baron Petre (1890–1915)
- Joseph William Lionel Petre, 17th Baron Petre (1914–1989)
- John Patrick Lionel Petre, 18th Baron PetreJohn Petre, 18th Baron PetreJohn Patrick Lionel Petre, 18th Baron Petre of Ingatestone, Essex, England, is the currently appointed Lord Lieutenant of Essex and took up his duties upon the retirement of Robin Henry Charles Neville, 10th Baron Braybrooke in October 2002. He is also the 18th Baron of the Catholic Petre...
(b. 1942)
The heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
is the present holder's son the Hon. Dominic William Petre (b. 1966)
The heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
's heir is his son the Hon. William John Jude Petre (b. 2001)
See also
- Father Edward Petre
- Francis PetreFrancis PetreFrancis William "Frank" Petre was a prominent New Zealand-born architect based in Dunedin. He was an able exponent of the Gothic revival style, one of its best practitioners in New Zealand. He followed the Roman Church's initiative to build Catholic places of worship in Anglo-Saxon countries in...
- Maude PetreMaude PetreMaude Dominica Mary Petre was an English Roman Catholic nun, writer and critic involved in the Modernist controversy.-Life:...
- Baron FurnivallBaron FurnivallBaron Furnivall is an ancient title in the Peerage of England. It was originally created when Thomas de Furnivall was summoned to the Model Parliament of 1295 as Lord Furnivall. The barony eventually passed to Thomas Nevill, who had married the first baron's descendant Joan de Furnivall, and he...
- Petre Baronets, of Cranham HallPetre BaronetsThe Petre Baronetcy, of Cranham Hall in the County of Essex, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created in circa 1642 for Francis Petre. The third Baronet was a Jesuit and close adviser to King James II...
- Francis Loraine PetreFrancis Loraine PetreFrancis Loraine Petre OBE was a British civil servant in India and a military historian upon his retirement. He wrote a two-volume regimental history of the Norfolk Regiment, but is best known for his works on the Napoleonic Wars. The grandson of the 11th Baron Petre, he was educated at Oscott...
, military historian