Baron Dufferin and Claneboye
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Peerage of Ireland
The Peerage of Ireland is the term used for those titles of nobility created by the English and later British monarchs of Ireland in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland. The creation of such titles came to an end in the 19th century. The ranks of the Irish peerage are Duke, Marquess, Earl,...
. It was created 31 July 1800 for Dorcas, Lady Blackwood. She was the widow of Sir John Blackwood, 2nd Baronet
Sir John Blackwood, 2nd Baronet
Sir John Blackwood, 2nd Baronet was an Irish politician and baronet.He was the eldest son of Sir Robert Blackwood, 1st Baronet. Blackwood entered the Irish House of Commons for Killyleagh in 1761 and sat for it until 1768. He was then returned for Bangor until 1776...
, Member of the Irish Parliament for Killyleagh and Bangor
Bangor (Parliament of Ireland constituency)
Bangor was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons until 1800.-History:In the Patriot Parliament of 1689 summoned by King James II, Bangor was not represented.-1689–1801:...
. The peerage had been intended for Sir John in return for his support for the Union with the Kingdom of Great Britain
Act of Union 1800
The Acts of Union 1800 describe two complementary Acts, namely:* the Union with Ireland Act 1800 , an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, and...
.
The Baronetcy, of Killyleagh in the County of Down, was created in the Baronetage of Ireland in 1763 for Robert Blackwood, the father of Sir John Blackwood. He was the son of John Blackwood and Ursula Hamilton, the daughter and co-heir of Robert Hamilton of Killyleagh
Killyleagh
Killyleagh is a village in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is on the A22 road from Downpatrick, on the western side of Strangford Lough. It had a population of 2,483 people in the 2001 Census. It is best known for its 12th century Killyleagh Castle...
, County Down
County Down
-Cities:*Belfast *Newry -Large towns:*Dundonald*Newtownards*Bangor-Medium towns:...
. The Blackwood family, originally of Scottish
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
descent, were prominent landowners in County Down and controlled the borough constituency of Killyleagh in the Irish Parliament.
Lady Dufferin and Claneboye was succeeded by her son, the second Baron, who had already succeeded his father as third Baronet. He represented Killyleagh in the Irish House of Commons
Irish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland, that existed from 1297 until 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords...
and Helston
Helston (UK Parliament constituency)
Helston, sometimes known as Helleston, was a parliamentary borough centred on the small town of Helston in Cornwall.Using the bloc vote system of election, it returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of England until 1707, then to House of Commons of Great Britain until 1800, and...
and Aldeburgh
Aldeburgh (UK Parliament constituency)
Aldeburgh was a parliamentary borough represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessor bodies.The town was enfranchised in 1571 as a borough constituency...
in the British House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
and was also an Irish Representative Peer
Representative peer
In the United Kingdom, representative peers were those peers elected by the members of the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland to sit in the British House of Lords...
from 1820 to 1836. He was childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, the third Baron.
The latter's grandson, the fifth Baron (pictured), was a prominent Liberal
Liberal Party (UK)
The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day...
politician, diplomat and colonial administrator, and notably served as Governor General of Canada
Governor General of Canada
The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
and Viceroy of India. In 1850, at the age of twenty-three, he was created Baron Clandeboye, of Clandeboye
Clandeboye Estate
The Clandeboye Estate is a country estate located in Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland, outside Belfast. Covering , it contains woodlands, formal and walled gardens, lawns, a lake, and of farmland...
in the County of Down, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
, which gave him a seat in the House of Lords. In 1871 he was created Viscount Clandeboye, of Clandeboye in the County of Down, and Earl of Dufferin, in the County of Down, and in 1888 he was even further honoured when he was made Earl of Ava, in the Province of Burma, and Marquess of Dufferin and Ava, in the County of Down and in the Province of Burma. These titles were also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Lord Dufferin and Ava also assumed by Royal license the additional surname of Hamilton in 1862 and that of Temple (which was the maiden name of his father's mother) in 1872.
His eldest son and heir apparent Archibald James Leofric Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Earl of Ava, was killed at the Siege of Ladysmith
Siege of Ladysmith
The Siege of Ladysmith was a protracted engagement in the Second Boer War, taking place between 30 October 1899 and 28 February 1900 at Ladysmith, Natal.-Background:...
during the Second Boer War
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War was fought from 11 October 1899 until 31 May 1902 between the British Empire and the Afrikaans-speaking Dutch settlers of two independent Boer republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State...
while serving as a war correspondent. He was unmarried and the Marquess was therefore succeeded by his second son, the second Marquess. On his death the titles passed to another brother, the third Marquess. He was a soldier and also served as Speaker of the Senate of Northern Ireland
Senate of Northern Ireland
The Senate of Northern Ireland was the upper house of the Parliament of Northern Ireland created by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. It was abolished with the passing of the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973.-Powers:...
. Lord Dufferin and Ava died in an air crash and was succeeded by his son, the fourth Marquess. He notably held office as Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
The Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies was a junior Ministerial post in the United Kingdom government, subordinate to the Secretary of State for the Colonies and, from 1948, also to a Minister of State....
in the government
National Government 1935-1940
Members of the Cabinet are in bold face.-Source:*D. Butler and G. Butler, Twentieth Century British Political Facts 1900–2000....
of Neville Chamberlain
Neville Chamberlain
Arthur Neville Chamberlain FRS was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from May 1937 to May 1940. Chamberlain is best known for his appeasement foreign policy, and in particular for his signing of the Munich Agreement in 1938, conceding the...
.
After his death in the Second World War the titles were inherited by his six-year old son, the fifth Marquess. He was a well-known patron of arts. He was childless and on his death in 1988 the marquessate, earldoms, viscountcy and barony of Clandeboye (created in 1850) became extinct. However, he was succeeded in the baronetcy and barony of Dufferin and Claneboye by his distant relative Sir Francis George Blackwood, 7th Baronet, of the Navy (see below), who became the tenth Baron. the titles are held by the latter's son, the eleventh Baron, who succeeded in 1991. Like his father he lives in Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
.
The Blackwood Baronetcy, of the Navy, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom in 1814 for the Hon. Henry Blackwood, seventh son of Sir John Blackwood, 2nd Baronet and of Dorcas Blackwood, 1st Baroness Dufferin and Claneboye. He was a Vice-Admiral of the Blue in the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
and was the bearer of despatches announcing the victory of Trafalgar
Battle of Trafalgar
The Battle of Trafalgar was a sea battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French Navy and Spanish Navy, during the War of the Third Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars ....
in 1805. As mentioned above his descendant the seventh Baronet succeeded as tenth Baron Dufferin and Claneboye and eleventh Baronet of Killyleagh in 1988.
As of 30 June 2006, the present holder of the barony has not successfully proven his succession to the baronetcy of 1763 and is therefore not on the Official Roll of the Baronetage, with the baronetcy considered dormant (for more information follow this link).
Blackwood Baronets, of Killyleagh (1763)
- Sir Robert Blackwood, 1st Baronet (5 November 1694 – 1774). Blackwood was created a Baronet on 1 July 1763. He was married firstly in 1721 to Joyce Leeson, sister of Joseph Leeson, 1st Earl of MilltownJoseph Leeson, 1st Earl of MilltownJoseph Leeson, 1st Earl of Milltown was an Irish peer and politician.-Background:He was the son of Joseph Leeson, who was a brewer in Dublin, and Mary Brice, daughter of Alderman Andrew Brice, Sheriff of Dublin...
, and had issue: Sir John Blackwood, 2nd Baronet; Leeson Blackwood, who died unmarried in 1773; Margaret Blackwood, who married Stewart Banks. He married secondly in 1729 Grace Macartney, only daughter of Isaac Macartney, by Grace, his wife and the sister and heir of John Aldridge, MP for Killyleagh, and niece of Lieutenant General George Macartney, and had issue: William Blackwood, who married Susannah, daughter of Thomas Bateman Lane; Grace Blackwood, who died unmarried in 1824; Dorcas Blackwood, who died unmarried at the age of 93 in 1833; Sarah Blackwood; Ursula Harriot Blackwood, who married Arthur Johnston, of Redemon, County Down, MP for Killyleagh, in 1767
- Sir John Blackwood, 2nd BaronetSir John Blackwood, 2nd BaronetSir John Blackwood, 2nd Baronet was an Irish politician and baronet.He was the eldest son of Sir Robert Blackwood, 1st Baronet. Blackwood entered the Irish House of Commons for Killyleagh in 1761 and sat for it until 1768. He was then returned for Bangor until 1776...
(d. 1799) - Sir James Stevenson Blackwood, 3rd BaronetJames Blackwood, 2nd Baron Dufferin and ClandeboyeJames Stevenson Blackwood, 2nd Baron Dufferin and Claneboye , known as Sir James Blackwood, 3rd Bt from 1799 to 1808, was an Irish politician....
(1755–1836) (succeeded as Baron Dufferin and Claneboye in 1807)
Barons Dufferin and Claneboye (1800)
- Dorcas Blackwood, 1st Baroness Dufferin and Claneboye (1726–1807)
- James Stevenson Blackwood, 2nd Baron Dufferin and Claneboye (1755–1836)
- Hans Blackwood, 3rd Baron Dufferin and Claneboye (1758–1839)
- Price Blackwood, 4th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye (1794–1841)
- Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 5th Baron Dufferin and ClaneboyeFrederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and AvaFrederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava, KP, GCB, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC was a British public servant and prominent member of Victorian society...
(1826–1902) (created Earl of Dufferin in 1871 and Marquess of Dufferin and Ava in 1888)
Marquesses of Dufferin and Ava (1888)
- Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and AvaFrederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and AvaFrederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava, KP, GCB, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC was a British public servant and prominent member of Victorian society...
(1826–1902) - Terence John Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and AvaTerence Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and AvaTerence John Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava DL JP , styled Lord Terence Blackwood between 1888 and 1900 and Earl of Ava between 1900 and 1902, was a British diplomat....
(1866–1918) - Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 3rd Marquess of Dufferin and AvaFrederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 3rd Marquess of Dufferin and AvaFrederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 3rd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava DSO, PC , styled Lord Frederick Blackwood between 1888 and 1918, was a British soldier and politician.-Background:...
(1875–1930) - Basil Sheridan Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 4th Marquess of Dufferin and AvaBasil Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 4th Marquess of Dufferin and AvaBasil Sheridan Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 4th Marquess of Dufferin and Ava DL , styled Earl of Ava until 1918, was a Conservative politician and soldier.-Early life and family:...
(1909–1945) - Sheridan Frederick Terence Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 5th Marquess of Dufferin and AvaSheridan Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 5th Marquess of Dufferin and AvaSheridan Frederick Terence Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 5th Marquess of Dufferin and Ava was a British patron of the arts...
(1938–1988)
Barons Dufferin and Claneboye (1800; Reverted)
- Francis George Blackwood, 10th Baron Dufferin and ClaneboyeFrancis Blackwood, 10th Baron Dufferin and ClaneboyeFrancis George Blackwood, 10th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye , known as Sir Francis Blackwood, 7th Baronet from 1979 until 1988, was a British baronet and a peer in the Peerage of Ireland....
(1916–1991) - John Francis Blackwood, 11th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye (b. 1944)
Blackwood Baronets, of the Navy (1814)
- Sir Henry Blackwood, 1st BaronetHenry BlackwoodVice-Admiral Sir Henry Blackwood, 1st Baronet, GCH, KCB , whose memorial is in the St. John's Church, Killyleagh, was a British sailor....
(1770–1832) - Sir Henry Martin Blackwood, 2nd Baronet (1801–1851)
- Sir Henry Blackwood, 3rd Baronet (1828–1894)
- Sir Francis Blackwood, 4th Baronet (1838–1924)
- Sir Henry Palmer Temple Blackwood, 5th Baronet (1896–1948)
- Sir Francis Elliot Temple Blackwood, 6th Baronet (1901–1979)
- Sir Francis George Blackwood, 7th BaronetFrancis Blackwood, 10th Baron Dufferin and ClaneboyeFrancis George Blackwood, 10th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye , known as Sir Francis Blackwood, 7th Baronet from 1979 until 1988, was a British baronet and a peer in the Peerage of Ireland....
(1916–1991) (succeeded as Baron Dufferin and Claneboye in 1988)
For further Baronets of the Navy, see above
Footnote
Although the place in Northern Ireland is written ClandeboyeClandeboye
Clandeboye is in modern times an area of Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland. It is named after the Clandeboye family, a branch of the O'Neill dynasty. They settled in the 1330s after the death of the Earl of Ulster in what is now south Antrim and north Down, giving their name to the territory...
, and so are the UK titles granted in 1850 and 1871, the Irish title granted in 1800 is Baron Dufferin and Claneboye with no 'd'. Both derive from the Gaelic Clann Aodha Buidhe; over the centuries the spelling has varied.