Baku State University
Encyclopedia
Baku State University is a public university
located in Baku
, Azerbaijan
. Established in 1919 by the Parliament of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
, the University started with faculties of history
and philology
; physics
and mathematics
; law
and medicine
with an initial enrollment
of 1094. The first rector
of BSU was V.I.Razumovsky
, a former professor
of surgery at Kazan University.
In 1930, the government ordered the University shut down in accordance with a reorganization of higher education
, and the University was replaced with the Supreme
Pedagogical Institute
. However, in 1934 the University was reestablished again, and continued to work through the difficult years of World War II
experiencing a shortage of faculty members
.
By its 40th anniversary in 1959, the University already had 13 faculties
. The Azerbaijan Medical University
and Azerbaijan State Economic University were both spun-offs of the original respective faculties at BSU.
Among the graduates of BSU were two former presidents of Azerbaijan
, Abulfaz Elchibey and Heydar Aliyev
. The former graduated from the Faculty of Arabic Language and Literature, while the latter, who dominated Azerbaijan's political life for over 30 years, from the Faculty of History. Nobel Prize
-winning physicist Lev Landau
studied at BSU between 1922 and 1924.
BSU is the only university from Azerbaijan Republic ranked by international ranking organizations, such as University Ranking by Academic Performance and currently ranks at 1951 in the University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP).
. In its first year, the University had two faculties - Faculty of Philology and the Medical Faculty, and an enrollment of 1094 students.
Among the leading teachers at the University in 1920-40 were Azerbaijani writer Abdurrahim bek Haqverdiyev, orientalist – Professor P.K. Juze, Professor A.O. Makovelski, Professor A.O. Mishel and other scholars. During that period the administration of the university invited to Baku such teachers as N.Y. Marr, V.V. Bartold, the academician of the Eastern Science Academy Fuad bek Kuprulluzade.
In 1930 the university was liquidated according to the decision made by Council of the People’s Commissar on reorganization and instead there was created High Pedagogical Institute. Only in 1943 the State University resumed its activity and very soon became Republic’s scientific-pedagogical center. Despite the great shortage of university teachers because most of teachers went to Second World War, University managed to keep its leading position. In 1945 the teachers of the University took active part in foundation of The Azerbaijan Academy of Science. Most of the University’s functioning in the Republic, such as Azerbaijan Medical University, Azerbaijan University of Economy, Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University and others were founded on the basis of our University. The years following after the year 1969 can be considered as the years of development in the direction of knowledge and science. Covering the wide historical period of time, during those years there were founded faculties on modern specialties, departments and about 30 scientific research laboratories started their activity. As a result there was created a strong assurance of future development.
Public university
A public university is a university that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government, as opposed to private universities. A national university may or may not be considered a public university, depending on regions...
located in Baku
Baku
Baku , sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal...
, Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
. Established in 1919 by the Parliament of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was the first successful attempt to establish a democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world . The ADR was founded on May 28, 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917 by Azerbaijani National Council in...
, the University started with faculties of history
History
History is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians...
and philology
Philology
Philology is the study of language in written historical sources; it is a combination of literary studies, history and linguistics.Classical philology is the philology of Greek and Classical Latin...
; physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
and mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
; law
Law
Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior, wherever possible. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus...
and medicine
Medicine
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
with an initial enrollment
Education
Education in its broadest, general sense is the means through which the aims and habits of a group of people lives on from one generation to the next. Generally, it occurs through any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts...
of 1094. The first rector
Rector
The word rector has a number of different meanings; it is widely used to refer to an academic, religious or political administrator...
of BSU was V.I.Razumovsky
Vasili Razumovsky
Vasili Ivanovich Razumovsky Russian surgeon, professor of surgery at Kazan University since 1887. Rasumovsky was among the founders of universities at Saratov , Tbilisi , and Baku , and was the first rector of Baku State University . After 1920 he returned to Kazan University, and taught there...
, a former professor
Professor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
of surgery at Kazan University.
In 1930, the government ordered the University shut down in accordance with a reorganization of higher education
Higher education
Higher, post-secondary, tertiary, or third level education refers to the stage of learning that occurs at universities, academies, colleges, seminaries, and institutes of technology...
, and the University was replaced with the Supreme
Supreme
Supreme may mean or refer to:* Supreme , a comic book superhero* Supreme , a term used in cookery* Supreme, Louisiana, a census-designated place in the United States* Supreme , a hip-hop producer* Supreme Records, a record label...
Pedagogical Institute
Institute
An institute is a permanent organizational body created for a certain purpose. Often it is a research organization created to do research on specific topics...
. However, in 1934 the University was reestablished again, and continued to work through the difficult years of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
experiencing a shortage of faculty members
Teacher
A teacher or schoolteacher is a person who provides education for pupils and students . The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional...
.
By its 40th anniversary in 1959, the University already had 13 faculties
Faculty (university)
A faculty is a division within a university comprising one subject area, or a number of related subject areas...
. The Azerbaijan Medical University
Azerbaijan Medical University
Azerbaijan Medical University, named after Nariman Narimanov is the formal name of the public medical school located in Baku, Azerbaijan. Due to difficulties with translation, the school is sometimes called: Azerbaijan Medical University, Azerbaijan State Medical University, Azerbaijan State...
and Azerbaijan State Economic University were both spun-offs of the original respective faculties at BSU.
Among the graduates of BSU were two former presidents of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
, Abulfaz Elchibey and Heydar Aliyev
Heydar Aliyev
Heydar Alirza oglu Aliyev , also spelled as Heidar Aliev, Geidar Aliev, Haydar Aliyev, Geydar Aliyev was the third President of Azerbaijan for the New Azerbaijan Party from June 1993 to October 2003, when his son Ilham Aliyev succeeded him.From 1969 till 1982, Aliyev was also the leader of Soviet...
. The former graduated from the Faculty of Arabic Language and Literature, while the latter, who dominated Azerbaijan's political life for over 30 years, from the Faculty of History. Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes are annual international awards bestowed by Scandinavian committees in recognition of cultural and scientific advances. The will of the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, established the prizes in 1895...
-winning physicist Lev Landau
Lev Landau
Lev Davidovich Landau was a prominent Soviet physicist who made fundamental contributions to many areas of theoretical physics...
studied at BSU between 1922 and 1924.
BSU is the only university from Azerbaijan Republic ranked by international ranking organizations, such as University Ranking by Academic Performance and currently ranks at 1951 in the University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP).
History
BSU was established on September 1, 1919 by the decision of the Parliament of Azerbaijan Democratic RepublicAzerbaijan Democratic Republic
The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was the first successful attempt to establish a democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world . The ADR was founded on May 28, 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917 by Azerbaijani National Council in...
. In its first year, the University had two faculties - Faculty of Philology and the Medical Faculty, and an enrollment of 1094 students.
Among the leading teachers at the University in 1920-40 were Azerbaijani writer Abdurrahim bek Haqverdiyev, orientalist – Professor P.K. Juze, Professor A.O. Makovelski, Professor A.O. Mishel and other scholars. During that period the administration of the university invited to Baku such teachers as N.Y. Marr, V.V. Bartold, the academician of the Eastern Science Academy Fuad bek Kuprulluzade.
In 1930 the university was liquidated according to the decision made by Council of the People’s Commissar on reorganization and instead there was created High Pedagogical Institute. Only in 1943 the State University resumed its activity and very soon became Republic’s scientific-pedagogical center. Despite the great shortage of university teachers because most of teachers went to Second World War, University managed to keep its leading position. In 1945 the teachers of the University took active part in foundation of The Azerbaijan Academy of Science. Most of the University’s functioning in the Republic, such as Azerbaijan Medical University, Azerbaijan University of Economy, Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University and others were founded on the basis of our University. The years following after the year 1969 can be considered as the years of development in the direction of knowledge and science. Covering the wide historical period of time, during those years there were founded faculties on modern specialties, departments and about 30 scientific research laboratories started their activity. As a result there was created a strong assurance of future development.
Faculties
- Applied Mathematics and Economical Cybernetics
- Physics
- Mechanics and Mathematics
- Chemistry
- Biology
- Geology
- Geography
- History
- Philology
- Theology
- International Law and International Relations
- Journalism
- Law
- Oriental Studies
- Social Sciences and Psychology
- Library Studies
Research institutes
- Scientific Research Institute of Applied Mathematics
- Institute of Problems of Theoretical Physics
External links
- Baku State University website
- List of Universities and Colleges in Azerbaijan