Anini
Encyclopedia
Anini is the headquarters of the Dibang Valley
district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh
in Northeast India. Anini was also the district headquarters of the undivided Dibang Valley district. It is a small underdeveloped town, mainly because of its remoteness. Yet, it still has basic road and air links to the rest of India
. The Idu Mishmi
tribal people constitute a majority here. The town is fully dependent on the nearest major settlement, Roing
, which is in the Lower Dibang Valley District
, for most commercial needs.
was established, indicate the capital of the Dibang Valley District being "Inini". That name may have come from the Idu
word "inni". Inni is the Idu Mishmi's supreme deity or god.
, Anini's history is cloudy. The native Idu Mishmis and other tribes were said to have migrated from ancient Tibet
back in the 1st
or 1st millenium BC. They have been believed to have stopped in Lhoyu. Lhoyu became under Tibetan control around the 7th century. Although inhabited by Idu Mishmis in all that time, it took until the times of NEFA
and the British Raj
for Anini to be officially established. Anini's importance grew during World War II
, when supplies and troops needed to be sent to China
through the Ledo Road
in Assam
. In 1947, Anini became a part of the Union of India like the rest of India. At this point the Republic of China
was free to claim most of Arunachal, making it and Aksai Chin
under dispute. The People's Republic of China
emerged in 1949, and once the British left in 1950, Arunachal and Aksai Chin
were under dispute. Since then, they remained under dispute. In June 1980, the Dibang Valley district was finally carved out of the Lohit District
, and Anini was pronounced capital. Since then, Anini has been the only district headquarter without proper road links to the rest of India
.
between two tributaries of the Brahmaputra, the Dri Streams
and Mathun rivers. The town has a subdistrict
of its own: Anini Circle. As of 2001, there were 4,069 people living in Anini Circle. Its location just south of the Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
makes Anini the northernmost district headquarters
in Northeast India.
to as high as 2,438 meters. On the Aninese Plateau, the average elevation is 1,800 meters, but the average elevation of the town is 2,068 meters. According to Google Maps
' terrain feature, Anini is around 1,600–1,800 meters above sea level and up north of Anini, the elevation can go up to 3,800 meters above sea level! According to the official website of the Dibang Valley District, Anini's altitude is at 1,968 meters above sea level.
, about 420 miles north of the junction of the Indian and the Eurasian Plates
, which makes Anini earthquake-prone. The 1950 Medog earthquake badly affected both the Dibang and Lower Dibang Valleys. 70% of the residents of the area died in this earthquake. On June 2, 2005 at 01:36 AM IST
, a 5.7 magnitude
earthquake hit the Upper Dibang Valley district. Although there were not any casualties reported, landslide
s blocked communication between Anini and other villages in the district. The seismic upheaval
was felt all around Arunachal Pradesh
and in some areas of Tibet
.
. Also there is another mountain. Kahaii Kala, which peaks at around 5,000 meters above sea level, is the highest around the region. Like Kelingon, it was named by the locals.
and receives both the southwest monsoon
of South Asia
and the northeast monsoon
of East Asia
. During the May–October time, Anini receives 80% of its precipitation. Snowfall is common in the winter, and can become quite heavy (6m - 10m) in the mountains.
. Midu is the northernmost dialect of the Idu Mishmi Language. The Midu Dialect is only spoken in Anini. Soon, government officials will start using the Idu Azobra script, a script proposed by the Roing MLA, Laeta Umbrey, that aims to preserve the endangered language
.
, needing about 3,000 more people to become one. Anini may become one sooner than anticipated due to the Dibang Valley district's high population growth rate of 33.61 permille
. (as of 2001) Idu Mishmis, also known as Yidu Lhoba in China, are the main inhabitants of the district.
, and accommodation for visitors in the Circuit House. The two schools in Anini are the Govenment Higher Secondary School of Anini, a school sponsored by the Central Board of Secondary Education
that has 450 students on roll, and Jawohar Navodaya Vidalaya, which is also a hostel for students. Dr. Saga Migri is the medical superintendent at the hospital. There is also a helipad
, which is used by the Arunachal Helicopter Service for transportation and by other helicopters bringing in supplies from Roing
.
, about 200 km by road. The easiest way to get to Anini is through the Dibrugarh Airport
(through Guwahati airport), though. Anini also will be affected by the Itanagar Greenfield Airport Project, which was announced in early 2008. It is unlikely that Anini will get an airport closer than Itanagar anytime soon due to the sparse population.
under construction over the River Dri
(Dibang River) near Anini. The 135-meter span bridge will have a single lane carriage-way with thrust block
s at each end. It will be sponsored by the Public Works Department of Arunachal Pradesh and by Damodar Ropeways and Construction (Calcutta).
The state government
mentioned in the 2005-2006 Annual Plan about the:
As a matter of fact, the new building of the higher secondary school greatly improved, to an extent of being considered the finest school in the state. Although this is a major milestone in the improvement of amenities at Anini, the town has a long way to go in order to become reasonably developed.
There is also a dam being constructed. The Dibang Valley Dam, also known as the Dibang Dam, will not seriously affect Anini since it is in the Lower Dibang Valley. It is approximately 43 kilometers from Roing
, at Munli. The Dibang Dam, once completed in 2017, will be the tallest concrete gravity dam in the world. The dam will also be the tallest dam in India, at 288 meters tall. It will also have the largest amount of power generation.
Also, a meeting has taken place at Anini to discuss the quick start of a new highway from Roing
to Anini. This project is under the Special Accelerated Road Development Programme (SARDP) which is run by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways of India. It will run through the dam site at Munli, which will shorten the existing 228-kilometer Roing-Anini Highway by 89 kilometers. The government officials and the local Panchayat leaders who were present at the meeting endorsed the plan. After the road is completed, the Dibang area would socioeconomically and constructively boost. This road will also connect with Hunli, Munli, Chidu, and Alopa. The Rs
600 crore
two-lane highway will run through Roing Bazaar, from Meka, and will secure Anini with good connectivity with the rest of India
.
. Anini is a main stop in both the Eurocopter Dauphin
and the MI-172 helicopters' schedule. The helicopter service is a branch off of Pawan Hans
, which is responsible for supplying the helicopters.
as well as the Dibang Valley Students Union (DVSU) are protesting about the apparent miserable conditions in Anini. The AIMSU secretary Rajiv Mihu feels that, "None of the government employees want to serve in the remote district. The people of Dibang Valley aren't scaring them away. It is the pitiful living conditions that are driving them away." The government responded to the situation by assuring the protesters that the required amount of teachers will be hired, and a new vice principal and principal will be deputed. "Anini is neglected politically," commented Mihu. “Similar protest action in Roing would have shaken the political corridors of Itanagar
.”
The Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
, is located just north of Anini and was established in 1992. The region is very mountainous, and snowfall is common in this region. It is protected by the Department of Environment and Forest of Arunachal Pradesh
. The altitude ranges from an absolute low of 1800 meters to the peak of Kalaii Kala at 5000 meters. Some infrastructure that you may find are the forest rest house and a hiking trail.
are found around 1800–2800 meters above sea level and 2800–3500 meters above sea level is where the temperate coniferous forests
are found. Alpine forests are found at an altitude off 3500+ meters and are mostly covered in snow year round. Some other plants that are found include Bamboo
, Tsuga
, and Abies.
is rich in wildlife. Rare mammals such as Mishmi takin, Red goral, Musk deer (at least two species), Red panda, Asiatic black bear, occasional Tiger and Gongshan muntjac occurs while among birds there is the rare Sclater's Monal and Blyth's Tragopan. A flying squirrel new to science has been recently discovered from the edge of this sanctuary. It has been named as Mishmi Hills Giant Flying Squirrel Petaurista mishmiensis.
by 81 votes. Tacho also was nominated as Chairman of the Committee of the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
on Balanced Development of CD Blocks in Arunachal Pradesh, replacing Shri Lombo Tayeng, who has resigned after his induction into the Council of Ministers
, otherwise known as the Cabinet of Arunachal Pradesh.
, the disputed northern boundary of Arunachal Pradesh
, previously referred to as the North-East Frontier Agency
. The Chinese government has never accepted the McMahon line as a legitimate boundary and refers to the region as South Tibet
. Sovereignty over the territory south of the McMahon line was the apparent cause of the 1962 Sino-Indian War.
Dibang Valley
The Dibang Valley is a district of Arunachal Pradesh named after the Dibang River or the Talon as the Idus call it. Although the Dibang Valley district is the largest district in the state, it is the least populated district in India.-History:...
district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and the People's Republic of China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by...
in Northeast India. Anini was also the district headquarters of the undivided Dibang Valley district. It is a small underdeveloped town, mainly because of its remoteness. Yet, it still has basic road and air links to the rest of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. The Idu Mishmi
Mishmi
The Mishmi or Deng people of Tibet and Arunachal Pradesh are an ethnic group comprising mainly three tribes: Idu Mishmi ; Digaro Mishmi , and Miju Mishmi . The Mishmis occupy the north-eastern tip of the central Arunachal Pradesh/South Tibet in Upper and Lower Dibang Valley, Lohit and Anjaw...
tribal people constitute a majority here. The town is fully dependent on the nearest major settlement, Roing
Roing
Roing is a census town in Lower Dibang Valley district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.-Demographics: India census, Roing had a population of 10,106. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Roing has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of...
, which is in the Lower Dibang Valley District
Lower Dibang Valley District
The Lower Dibang Valley district is an administrative district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in northeastern India. It is the tenth least populous district in the country .-History:...
, for most commercial needs.
Etymology
Anini's name may have come from Inini or Innini. Historical maps of Arunachal Pradesh from times before the Lower Dibang Valley district was carved out of the Dibang Valley District in 2001, and before RoingRoing
Roing is a census town in Lower Dibang Valley district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.-Demographics: India census, Roing had a population of 10,106. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Roing has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of...
was established, indicate the capital of the Dibang Valley District being "Inini". That name may have come from the Idu
Idu Mishmi Language
The Idu Mishmi Language is a small language spoken in the Dibang Valley District of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and in Southeastern Tibet. There are 8,569 speakers in India as of 1981 and 7,000 speakers in China as of 1994. The total amount of Idu Mishmi Language speakers total to...
word "inni". Inni is the Idu Mishmi's supreme deity or god.
History
Like the history of Arunachal PradeshArunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and the People's Republic of China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by...
, Anini's history is cloudy. The native Idu Mishmis and other tribes were said to have migrated from ancient Tibet
Tibet
Tibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people...
back in the 1st
1st millennium
File:1st millennium montage.png|From left, clockwise: Depiction of Jesus, the central figure in Christianity; The Colosseum, a landmark of the once Roman Empire; Gunpowder is invented during the latter part of the millennium, in China; Chess, a new board game, takes on popularity across the globe;...
or 1st millenium BC. They have been believed to have stopped in Lhoyu. Lhoyu became under Tibetan control around the 7th century. Although inhabited by Idu Mishmis in all that time, it took until the times of NEFA
NEFA
NEFA is an abbreviation that has several meanings:* -N-ethyl-4,4a,9,9a-tetrahydro-1H-fluoren-4a-amine* The Nine Eleven Finding Answers Foundation* Non-essential fatty acid* North East Folklore Archive* North East Forest Alliance...
and the British Raj
British Raj
British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...
for Anini to be officially established. Anini's importance grew during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, when supplies and troops needed to be sent to China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
through the Ledo Road
Ledo Road
The Ledo Road was built during World War II so that the Western Allies could supply the Chinese as an alternative to the Burma Road which had been cut by the Japanese in 1942. It was renamed the Stilwell Road in early 1945 at the suggestion of Chiang Kai-shek...
in Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...
. In 1947, Anini became a part of the Union of India like the rest of India. At this point the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
was free to claim most of Arunachal, making it and Aksai Chin
Aksai Chin
Aksai Chin is one of the two main disputed border areas between China and India, and the other is South Tibet, which comprises most of India's Arunachal Pradesh. It is administered by China as part of Hotan County in the Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, but is also claimed by India...
under dispute. The People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
emerged in 1949, and once the British left in 1950, Arunachal and Aksai Chin
Aksai Chin
Aksai Chin is one of the two main disputed border areas between China and India, and the other is South Tibet, which comprises most of India's Arunachal Pradesh. It is administered by China as part of Hotan County in the Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, but is also claimed by India...
were under dispute. Since then, they remained under dispute. In June 1980, the Dibang Valley district was finally carved out of the Lohit District
Lohit district
Lohit is an administrative district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in India. The district headquarters are located at Tezu. As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Arunachal Pradesh , after Papum Pare and Changlang.-Etymology:...
, and Anini was pronounced capital. Since then, Anini has been the only district headquarter without proper road links to the rest of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
.
Geography
Most of Annini is located on a miniature plateauPlateau
In geology and earth science, a plateau , also called a high plain or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain. A highly eroded plateau is called a dissected plateau...
between two tributaries of the Brahmaputra, the Dri Streams
Dri Streams
The Dri Streams, are small streams that flow into the Dibang River. One of the Dri Streams can be seen from the Aninese Plateau in Anini.-Sources:*...
and Mathun rivers. The town has a subdistrict
Subdistrict
Subdistrict is a low level administrative division of a country. In Thailand it may refer to the King Amphoe or to the Tambon. In England and Wales it was part of a Registration district....
of its own: Anini Circle. As of 2001, there were 4,069 people living in Anini Circle. Its location just south of the Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
The Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the eight wildlife sanctuaries of Arunachal Pradesh. It is located in the Upper Dibang Valley district covering an area of 4149 km2. The sanctuary is rich in wildlife...
makes Anini the northernmost district headquarters
Zilla Parishad
Zilla Parishad is a local government body at the district level in India. It looks after the administration of the rural area of the district and its office is located at the district headquarters...
in Northeast India.
Elevation
Anini's elevation ranges from 1,698 meters above sea levelSea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
to as high as 2,438 meters. On the Aninese Plateau, the average elevation is 1,800 meters, but the average elevation of the town is 2,068 meters. According to Google Maps
Google Maps
Google Maps is a web mapping service application and technology provided by Google, free , that powers many map-based services, including the Google Maps website, Google Ride Finder, Google Transit, and maps embedded on third-party websites via the Google Maps API...
' terrain feature, Anini is around 1,600–1,800 meters above sea level and up north of Anini, the elevation can go up to 3,800 meters above sea level! According to the official website of the Dibang Valley District, Anini's altitude is at 1,968 meters above sea level.
Earthquakes
Anini is located on the Eurasian PlateEurasian Plate
The Eurasian Plate is a tectonic plate which includes most of the continent of Eurasia , with the notable exceptions of the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian subcontinent, and the area east of the Chersky Range in East Siberia...
, about 420 miles north of the junction of the Indian and the Eurasian Plates
Eurasian Plate
The Eurasian Plate is a tectonic plate which includes most of the continent of Eurasia , with the notable exceptions of the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian subcontinent, and the area east of the Chersky Range in East Siberia...
, which makes Anini earthquake-prone. The 1950 Medog earthquake badly affected both the Dibang and Lower Dibang Valleys. 70% of the residents of the area died in this earthquake. On June 2, 2005 at 01:36 AM IST
Indian Standard Time
Indian Standard Time is the time observed throughout India and Sri Lanka, with a time offset of UTC+05:30. India does not observe daylight saving time or other seasonal adjustments, although DST was used briefly during the Sino–Indian War of 1962 and the Indo–Pakistani Wars of 1965 and 1971...
, a 5.7 magnitude
Richter magnitude scale
The expression Richter magnitude scale refers to a number of ways to assign a single number to quantify the energy contained in an earthquake....
earthquake hit the Upper Dibang Valley district. Although there were not any casualties reported, landslide
Landslide
A landslide or landslip is a geological phenomenon which includes a wide range of ground movement, such as rockfalls, deep failure of slopes and shallow debris flows, which can occur in offshore, coastal and onshore environments...
s blocked communication between Anini and other villages in the district. The seismic upheaval
Earthquake
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time...
was felt all around Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and the People's Republic of China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by...
and in some areas of Tibet
Tibet
Tibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people...
.
Mountains
The closest mountain to Anini is relatively unnoticed. Its name, Kelingon was named by the local Midu IdusLhoba
Lhoba is a term of obscure origin which has come to apply to a diverse amalgamation of Tibeto-Burman tribespeople living in and around "Pemako" , including Mainling, Medog, Zayü counties of Nyingchi Prefecture and Lhünzê County of Shannan Prefecture...
. Also there is another mountain. Kahaii Kala, which peaks at around 5,000 meters above sea level, is the highest around the region. Like Kelingon, it was named by the locals.
Climate
Anini's climate varies by elevation. In the lower elevations, the climate is humid subtropical. In the climate around the plateau, it is temperate. Anini is within the monsoon zoneMonsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
and receives both the southwest monsoon
Monsoon of Indian subcontinent
A Monsoon of the India is among the several geographically distributed observations of the global monsoons. In the subcontinent, it is one of oldest weather observations, an economically important weather pattern and the most anticipated weather event and unique weather phenomenon. Yet it is only...
of South Asia
South Asia
South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...
and the northeast monsoon
East Asian monsoon
The East Asian monsoon is a monsoonal flow that carries moist air from the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean to East Asia. It affects approximately one-third of the global population, influencing the climate of Japan , the Koreas, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, and much of mainland China...
of East Asia
East Asia
East Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms...
. During the May–October time, Anini receives 80% of its precipitation. Snowfall is common in the winter, and can become quite heavy (6m - 10m) in the mountains.
Language
The main language of Anini is the Midu Dialect of the Idu Mishmi LanguageIdu Mishmi Language
The Idu Mishmi Language is a small language spoken in the Dibang Valley District of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and in Southeastern Tibet. There are 8,569 speakers in India as of 1981 and 7,000 speakers in China as of 1994. The total amount of Idu Mishmi Language speakers total to...
. Midu is the northernmost dialect of the Idu Mishmi Language. The Midu Dialect is only spoken in Anini. Soon, government officials will start using the Idu Azobra script, a script proposed by the Roing MLA, Laeta Umbrey, that aims to preserve the endangered language
Endangered language
An endangered language is a language that is at risk of falling out of use. If it loses all its native speakers, it becomes a dead language. If eventually no one speaks the language at all it becomes an "extinct language"....
.
Demographics
Anini has a population of 2,264 living in 613 households as of 2001. Of those 2,264 are 1,331 males and 933 females. Due to its humble population, Anini is not yet a census townCensus town
In India, a census town is one which has:# A minimum population of 5,000# At least 75% of male working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits# A density of population of at least 400 persons per km2.In Ireland, a census town is;...
, needing about 3,000 more people to become one. Anini may become one sooner than anticipated due to the Dibang Valley district's high population growth rate of 33.61 permille
Permille
A per mil or per mille is a tenth of a percent or one part per thousand. It is written with the sign ‰ , which looks like a percent sign with an extra zero at the end...
. (as of 2001) Idu Mishmis, also known as Yidu Lhoba in China, are the main inhabitants of the district.
Infrastructure
Although remote, the town has basic infrastructure. There is a government hospital, district library, police stationPolice station
A police station or station house is a building which serves to accommodate police officers and other members of staff. These buildings often contain offices and accommodation for personnel and vehicles, along with locker rooms, temporary holding cells and interview/interrogation rooms.- Facilities...
, and accommodation for visitors in the Circuit House. The two schools in Anini are the Govenment Higher Secondary School of Anini, a school sponsored by the Central Board of Secondary Education
Central Board of Secondary Education
The Central Board of Secondary Education is a Board of Education for public and private schools, under the Union Government of India.-History:...
that has 450 students on roll, and Jawohar Navodaya Vidalaya, which is also a hostel for students. Dr. Saga Migri is the medical superintendent at the hospital. There is also a helipad
Helipad
Helipad is a common abbreviation for helicopter landing pad, a landing area for helicopters. While helicopters are able to operate on a variety of relatively flat surfaces, a fabricated helipad provides a clearly marked hard surface away from obstacles where a helicopter can safely...
, which is used by the Arunachal Helicopter Service for transportation and by other helicopters bringing in supplies from Roing
Roing
Roing is a census town in Lower Dibang Valley district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.-Demographics: India census, Roing had a population of 10,106. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Roing has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of...
.
Airports
The nearest airport from Anini is the Tezu AirportTezu Airport
Tezu Airport is located at Tezu in the state of Arunachal Pradesh, India.-External links:*...
, about 200 km by road. The easiest way to get to Anini is through the Dibrugarh Airport
Dibrugarh Airport
Dibrugarh Airport is located at Dibrugarh, Assam, India.-Airlines and destinations:-External links:* at Airports Authority of India...
(through Guwahati airport), though. Anini also will be affected by the Itanagar Greenfield Airport Project, which was announced in early 2008. It is unlikely that Anini will get an airport closer than Itanagar anytime soon due to the sparse population.
Construction and development
There is a steel arch bridgeArch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side...
under construction over the River Dri
Dri Streams
The Dri Streams, are small streams that flow into the Dibang River. One of the Dri Streams can be seen from the Aninese Plateau in Anini.-Sources:*...
(Dibang River) near Anini. The 135-meter span bridge will have a single lane carriage-way with thrust block
Thrust block
A thrust block, also known as a thrust box, is a specialised form of thrust bearing used in ships, to resist the thrust of the propellor shaft and transmit it to the hull.- Early thrust boxes :...
s at each end. It will be sponsored by the Public Works Department of Arunachal Pradesh and by Damodar Ropeways and Construction (Calcutta).
The state government
Government of Arunachal Pradesh
The Government of Arunachal Pradesh also known as the State Government of Arunachal Pradesh, or locally as State Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and its 17 districts...
mentioned in the 2005-2006 Annual Plan about the:
- "Infrastructure development of Government Higher Secondary School at Anini."
- "Improvement of Township Road network at Anini."
- "Infrastructure development of District Hospital at Anini."
As a matter of fact, the new building of the higher secondary school greatly improved, to an extent of being considered the finest school in the state. Although this is a major milestone in the improvement of amenities at Anini, the town has a long way to go in order to become reasonably developed.
There is also a dam being constructed. The Dibang Valley Dam, also known as the Dibang Dam, will not seriously affect Anini since it is in the Lower Dibang Valley. It is approximately 43 kilometers from Roing
Roing
Roing is a census town in Lower Dibang Valley district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.-Demographics: India census, Roing had a population of 10,106. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Roing has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of...
, at Munli. The Dibang Dam, once completed in 2017, will be the tallest concrete gravity dam in the world. The dam will also be the tallest dam in India, at 288 meters tall. It will also have the largest amount of power generation.
Also, a meeting has taken place at Anini to discuss the quick start of a new highway from Roing
Roing
Roing is a census town in Lower Dibang Valley district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.-Demographics: India census, Roing had a population of 10,106. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Roing has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of...
to Anini. This project is under the Special Accelerated Road Development Programme (SARDP) which is run by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways of India. It will run through the dam site at Munli, which will shorten the existing 228-kilometer Roing-Anini Highway by 89 kilometers. The government officials and the local Panchayat leaders who were present at the meeting endorsed the plan. After the road is completed, the Dibang area would socioeconomically and constructively boost. This road will also connect with Hunli, Munli, Chidu, and Alopa. The Rs
Indian rupee
The Indian rupee is the official currency of the Republic of India. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India....
600 crore
Crore
A crore is a unit in the Indian number system equal to ten million , or 100 lakhs. It is widely used in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan....
two-lane highway will run through Roing Bazaar, from Meka, and will secure Anini with good connectivity with the rest of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
.
Arunachal Helicopter Service
The Arunachal Helicopter Service makes several stops to Anini, connecting Anini to the rest of Arunachal and the Dibrugarh (Mohanbari) Airport in AssamAssam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...
. Anini is a main stop in both the Eurocopter Dauphin
Eurocopter Dauphin
The Eurocopter SA 365/AS365 Dauphin 2 is a medium-weight multipurpose twin-engine helicopter manufactured by Eurocopter .-Design and development:...
and the MI-172 helicopters' schedule. The helicopter service is a branch off of Pawan Hans
Pawan Hans
Pawan Hans Helicopters Limited is a helicopter service company based in India. The operations are based at Vile Parle . Other than providing helicopter services to ONGC to its off-shore locations, this public sector company is often engaged for providing services to various state governments in...
, which is responsible for supplying the helicopters.
Protests of neglect
Although these efforts are being made to improve the infrastructure in Anini, The Arunachal Times newspaper claims that Anini has been neglected due to "frequent communication disruption and deteriorating health conditions." The Government Higher Secondary School hasn't had either a principle or a vice-president for two years. A similar situation is present with the Jawohar Navodaya Vidalaya school in Anini. The All Idu Mishmi Students Union (AIMSU)All Idu Mishmi Students Union
All Idu Mishmi Students Union is a community based student’s organization of Idu Mishmi tribe in Arunachal Pradesh, India.The organization is socially active and best known for its movement against dams in Arunachal Pradesh's Dibang basin...
as well as the Dibang Valley Students Union (DVSU) are protesting about the apparent miserable conditions in Anini. The AIMSU secretary Rajiv Mihu feels that, "None of the government employees want to serve in the remote district. The people of Dibang Valley aren't scaring them away. It is the pitiful living conditions that are driving them away." The government responded to the situation by assuring the protesters that the required amount of teachers will be hired, and a new vice principal and principal will be deputed. "Anini is neglected politically," commented Mihu. “Similar protest action in Roing would have shaken the political corridors of Itanagar
Itanagar
Itanagar is the capital of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. Itanagar is situated at the foothills of Himalayas. It comes administratively under Papum Pare district....
.”
Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
The Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
The Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the eight wildlife sanctuaries of Arunachal Pradesh. It is located in the Upper Dibang Valley district covering an area of 4149 km2. The sanctuary is rich in wildlife...
, is located just north of Anini and was established in 1992. The region is very mountainous, and snowfall is common in this region. It is protected by the Department of Environment and Forest of Arunachal Pradesh
Department of Environment and Forest of Arunachal Pradesh
The Department of Environment and Forests of Arunachal Pradesh or DEFAP is a state-sponsored agency responsible for conserving the environment, by establishing protected areas in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.Statistics=...
. The altitude ranges from an absolute low of 1800 meters to the peak of Kalaii Kala at 5000 meters. Some infrastructure that you may find are the forest rest house and a hiking trail.
Flora
The vegetation of Arunachal ranges from temperate to alpine. Temperate broadleaf forests and Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forestsEastern Himalayan broadleaf forests
The Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests is a temperate broadleaf forest ecoregion found in the middle elevations of the eastern Himalayas, including parts of Nepal, India, and Bhutan...
are found around 1800–2800 meters above sea level and 2800–3500 meters above sea level is where the temperate coniferous forests
Temperate coniferous forests
Temperate coniferous forest is a terrestrial biome found in temperate regions of the world with warm summers and cool winters and adequate rainfall to sustain a forest. In most temperate coniferous forests, evergreen conifers predominate, while some are a mix of conifers and broadleaf evergreen...
are found. Alpine forests are found at an altitude off 3500+ meters and are mostly covered in snow year round. Some other plants that are found include Bamboo
Bamboo
Bamboo is a group of perennial evergreens in the true grass family Poaceae, subfamily Bambusoideae, tribe Bambuseae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family....
, Tsuga
Tsuga
Tsuga is a genus of conifers in the family Pinaceae. The common name hemlock is derived from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed foliage to that of the unrelated plant poison hemlock....
, and Abies.
Fauna
The Dibang Wildlife SanctuaryDibang Wildlife Sanctuary
The Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the eight wildlife sanctuaries of Arunachal Pradesh. It is located in the Upper Dibang Valley district covering an area of 4149 km2. The sanctuary is rich in wildlife...
is rich in wildlife. Rare mammals such as Mishmi takin, Red goral, Musk deer (at least two species), Red panda, Asiatic black bear, occasional Tiger and Gongshan muntjac occurs while among birds there is the rare Sclater's Monal and Blyth's Tragopan. A flying squirrel new to science has been recently discovered from the edge of this sanctuary. It has been named as Mishmi Hills Giant Flying Squirrel Petaurista mishmiensis.
Politics
2004-09
The winning candidate for the position of the MLA of Anini was Shri Rajesh Tacho, winning 41.57 percent of the 3038 valid votes in 2004. There were actually 4741 voters, even though Anini's population is only 2264 people. He had a lead margin of 260 and a total number of 1263. He is a part of the Indian National Congress Party. Also, he was re-elected in 2009, barely beating Eri Tayu of the Nationalist Congress PartyNationalist Congress Party
The Nationalist Congress Party is a centre to centre left political party primarily based in the state of Maharashtra, India.-Background:...
by 81 votes. Tacho also was nominated as Chairman of the Committee of the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of Arunachal Pradesh state in north-eastern India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Itanagar, the capital of the state...
on Balanced Development of CD Blocks in Arunachal Pradesh, replacing Shri Lombo Tayeng, who has resigned after his induction into the Council of Ministers
Government of Arunachal Pradesh
The Government of Arunachal Pradesh also known as the State Government of Arunachal Pradesh, or locally as State Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and its 17 districts...
, otherwise known as the Cabinet of Arunachal Pradesh.
Claims
Anini sits near the McMahon LineMcMahon Line
The McMahon Line is a line agreed to by Great Britain and Tibet as part of Simla Accord, a treaty signed in 1914. Although its legal status is disputed by China, it is the effective boundary between China and India....
, the disputed northern boundary of Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India, located in the far northeast. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Burma in the east, Bhutan in the west, and the People's Republic of China in the north. The majority of the territory is claimed by...
, previously referred to as the North-East Frontier Agency
North-East Frontier Agency
The North-East Frontier Agency was one of the political divisions in British India and later the Republic of India till 1972, when it became the Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh...
. The Chinese government has never accepted the McMahon line as a legitimate boundary and refers to the region as South Tibet
South Tibet
The Arunachal Pradesh dispute is a territorial dispute over the region located on the middle of the Yarlung Zangbo River, 300 km north of the Himalayas. It is entirely administered by India as part of its Arunachal Pradesh state; China claims it as a part of its Tibet Autonomous Region and...
. Sovereignty over the territory south of the McMahon line was the apparent cause of the 1962 Sino-Indian War.
Alternative names
Due to the competing claims by China and India, Anini has many different names.- Anini (Indian)
- Giannini (formal to ChinaPeople's Republic of ChinaChina , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
) - Annini (informal to China)
- 安尼尼 (Simplified Chinese characters)
- 阿尼尼 (Chinese)
- Ilupu (possibly native)
- Inini or Innini, old name, used in the times of NEFA, before RoingRoingRoing is a census town in Lower Dibang Valley district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.-Demographics: India census, Roing had a population of 10,106. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Roing has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of...
was established.