Adventure (magazine)
Encyclopedia
Adventure magazine was first published in November 1910 as a monthly pulp magazine
Pulp magazine
Pulp magazines , also collectively known as pulp fiction, refers to inexpensive fiction magazines published from 1896 through the 1950s. The typical pulp magazine was seven inches wide by ten inches high, half an inch thick, and 128 pages long...

. Adventure went on become one of the most profitable and critically acclaimed of all the American pulp magazines. In 1915 the publishers attempted to reach women readers with a new title (Stories of Life, Love, and Adventure), but it went back to its male readership and original title in 1917. The magazine had 881 issues. The magazine's first editor was Trumbull White, he was succeeded in 1912 by Arthur Sullivant Hoffman
Arthur Sullivant Hoffman
Arthur Sullivant Hoffman was an American magazine editor. Hoffman isbest known for editing the acclaimed pulp magazine Adventurefrom 1912-1927,as well as playing a role in the creation of the American Legion .-Early Life:...

 (1876–1966), who
would edit the magazine until 1927.

The Hoffman Era

In its first decade, Adventure carried fiction from such notable writers as Rider Haggard, Rafael Sabatini
Rafael Sabatini
Rafael Sabatini was an Italian/British writer of novels of romance and adventure.-Life:Rafael Sabatini was born in Iesi, Italy, to an English mother and Italian father...

, Baroness Orczy, Damon Runyon
Damon Runyon
Alfred Damon Runyon was an American newspaperman and writer.He was best known for his short stories celebrating the world of Broadway in New York City that grew out of the Prohibition era. To New Yorkers of his generation, a "Damon Runyon character" evoked a distinctive social type from the...

 and William Hope Hodgson
William Hope Hodgson
William Hope Hodgson was an English author. He produced a large body of work, consisting of essays, short fiction, and novels, spanning several overlapping genres including horror, fantastic fiction and science fiction. Early in his writing career he dedicated effort to poetry, although few of his...

. Subsequently the magazine cultivated its own group of authors (who Hoffman dubbed his
"Writers' Brigade") including Talbot Mundy
Talbot Mundy
Talbot Mundy was an English writer. He also wrote under the pseudonym Walter Galt.-Life and work:...

, T.S. Stribling, Arthur O. Friel
Arthur O. Friel
Arthur Olney Friel was one of the most popular writers for the adventure pulps. He began appearing in Adventure magazine in 1919 with stories set in the Amazon jungle featuring the characters Pedro and Lourenço, two rubber-industry workers who undergo harrowing experiences in the impenetrable...

, brothers Patrick & Terence Casey, J. Allan Dunn
J. Allan Dunn
Joseph Allan Dunn , best known as J. Allan Dunn, was one of the high-producing writers of the American pulp magazines. He published well over a thousand stories, novels, and serials from 1914–41. He first made a name for himself in Adventure...

, Harold Lamb
Harold Lamb
Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

, Gordon Young, Arthur D. Howden Smith
Arthur D. Howden Smith
-Life:Arthur Douglas Howden Smith was born in New York. He began writing by contributing fiction tothe pulp magazines; his main market was Adventure.For the magazine, Smith wrote sea stories about the adventures of Captain McConaughy,...

, H. Bedford-Jones
H. Bedford-Jones
Henry James O'Brien Bedford-Jones was a Canadian historical, adventure fantasy, science fiction, crime and Western writer who became a naturalized United States citizen in 1908. After being encouraged to try writing by his friend, writer William Wallace Cook, Bedford-Jones began writing dime...

, W.C. Tuttle, Gordon MacCreagh,
Henry S. Whitehead
Henry S. Whitehead
Rev. Henry St. Clair Whitehead was an American writer of horror fiction and fantasy.- Biography :Henry S. Whitehead was born in Elizabeth, New Jersey on March 5, 1882. He graduated from Harvard University in 1904. He led an active and worldly life, playing football at Harvard...

, Hugh Pendexter
Hugh Pendexter
Hugh Pendexter was an American journalist, novelist, screenwriter.Pendexter began his career as a humorous writer; some of this early work was anthologised in Mark Twain's book,Library of Humor and Wit....

, and L. Patrick Greene
Lewis Patrick Greene
Lewis Patrick Greene , who usually wrote under thename L. Patrick Greene, was an English writer of adventure stories.Greene was born in England. He spent several years in Rhodesia working...

.

In 1912, Hoffman and his assistant,the novelist Sinclair Lewis
Sinclair Lewis
Harry Sinclair Lewis was an American novelist, short-story writer, and playwright. In 1930, he became the first writer from the United States to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, "for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of...

 created a popular identity card with a serial number for readers. If the bearer were killed, someone finding the card would notify the magazine who would in turn notify the next of kin of the hapless adventurer. The popularity of the card amongst travelers led to the formation of the Adventurers Club of New York. The original New York Adventurers Club led to similar clubs in Chicago (1913), Los Angeles (1921), Copenhagen (1937) and Honolulu (1955).

Hoffman also was secretary of an organization named the "Legion" that had Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States . He is noted for his exuberant personality, range of interests and achievements, and his leadership of the Progressive Movement, as well as his "cowboy" persona and robust masculinity...

 as one of its vice presidents. Membership cards of the organization included member's skills and specialties that were forwarded to the War Department when the United States entered World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...

, the information being eventually used to create two regiments of aviation
Aviation
Aviation is the design, development, production, operation, and use of aircraft, especially heavier-than-air aircraft. Aviation is derived from avis, the Latin word for bird.-History:...

 mechanics.
Hoffman's group would later provide a model for the organisation of the American Legion
American Legion
The American Legion is a mutual-aid organization of veterans of the United States armed forces chartered by the United States Congress. It was founded to benefit those veterans who served during a wartime period as defined by Congress...

 after the war.

Adventure's letters page, The Camp-Fire featured Hoffman's editorials,background by the authors to their stories and discussions by the readers. At Hoffman's suggestion, a number of Camp-Fire Stations - locations where other readers of Adventure could meet up - were established. Robert Kenneth Jones notes that Adventure readers "..often wrote in to report on meeting new friends through these stations." By 1924, there were Camp-Fire Stations established across the US and in several other countries, including Britain
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

, Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

 and Cuba
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...

. Adventure also offered Camp-Fire buttons which readers wore.
Adventure featured several other notable columns, including:
  • Ask Adventure that called on the resources of 98 experts to answer various questions including the status of slavery
    Slavery
    Slavery is a system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work. Slaves can be held against their will from the time of their capture, purchase or birth, and deprived of the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to demand compensation...

     in Ethiopia
    Ethiopia
    Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...

    , whether Gila monster
    Gila monster
    The Gila monster is a species of venomous lizard native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexican state of Sonora...

     bites are fatal and the fighting merits of lions and gorillas. Several of Adventure's fiction writers also wrote material for this column on their respective areas of expertise,including MacCreagh (questions about Asia
    Asia
    Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...

    ), Captain A.E. Dingle (Indian
    Indian Ocean
    The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...

     and Atlantic Oceans) and George E. Holt (Africa
    Africa
    Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...

    ).

  • Lost Trails,which helped people locate missing relatives and friends.

  • Old Songs Men Have Sung,by Robert W. Gordon
    Robert Winslow Gordon
    Robert Winslow Gordon was born September 2, 1888 in Bangor, Maine. Educated at Harvard, he joined the English faculty at the University of California at Berkley in 1918. He was the founding head of the Archive of American Folk Song at the Library of Congress in 1928, later the Archive of Folk...

    , which was dedicated to discussing American folk-songs. Gordon would later run the Archive of American Folk Song at the Library of Congress
    Library of Congress
    The Library of Congress is the research library of the United States Congress, de facto national library of the United States, and the oldest federal cultural institution in the United States. Located in three buildings in Washington, D.C., it is the largest library in the world by shelf space and...

    .

Hoffman encouraged the details of his writers' fiction to be as factually accurate as possible-mistakes would frequently be pointed out and criticised by the magazine's readers.
In addition, Adventure under Hoffman also showcased the work of several famous artists, including Rockwell Kent
Rockwell Kent
Rockwell Kent was an American painter, printmaker, illustrator, and writer.- Biography :Rockwell Kent was born in Tarrytown, New York, the same year as fellow American artists George Bellows and Edward Hopper...

, John R. Neill
John R. Neill
John Rea Neill was a magazine and children's book illustrator primarily known for illustrating more than forty stories set in the Land of Oz, including L. Frank Baum's, Ruth Plumly Thompson's, and three of his own. His pen-and-ink drawings have become identified almost exclusively with the Oz series...

 (who illustrated several Harold Lamb stories), Charles Livingston Bull, H.C. Murphy and Edgar Franklin Wittmack
Edgar Franklin Wittmack
Edgar Franklin Wittmack was an illustrator and cover artist for many of the most popular magazines of the 1920s and 1930s. His covers, just as the artwork of his contemporary, Norman Rockwell, were usually created as oil paintings. Where Rockwell specialized in the humorous aspects of small town...

. By 1924, Adventure was regarded, in the words of Richard Bleiler
Richard Bleiler
Richard James Bleiler is a US bibliographer in science fiction, fantasy, horror, crime, and adventure fiction. He is the son of Everett F. Bleiler and was a nominee for the Bram Stoker Award for Best Non-Fiction in 2002...

, as " without question the most important "pulp" magazine in the world."

Later years

After Hoffman's departure, his successors usually followed the template for the magazine that he had set down. In 1934, Adventure was bought by Popular Publications
Popular Publications
Popular Publications was one of the largest publishers of pulp magazines during its existence, at one point publishing 42 different titles per month. Company titles included detective, adventure, romance, and Western fiction. They were also known for the several 'weird menace' titles...

. Throughout the 1930s, Adventure included fiction by Erle Stanley Gardner
Erle Stanley Gardner
Erle Stanley Gardner was an American lawyer and author of detective stories, best known for the Perry Mason series, he also published under the pseudonyms A.A. Fair, Kyle Corning, Charles M. Green, Carleton Kendrake, Charles J...

, Donald Barr Chidsey, Raymond S. Spears
Raymond S. Spears
Raymond S. Spears was an author of western and adventure stories. He was born in Belleview, Ohio in 1876. The son of John R. Spears, a naval historian and Celestia Colette Smiley Spears, a teacher. Raymond was educated in Philadelphia...

, Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson
Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson
Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson was an American pulp magazine writer and entrepreneur who pioneered the American comic book, publishing the first such periodical consisting solely of original material rather than reprints of newspaper comic strips...

, Luke Short
Luke Short (writer)
Luke Short was a popular Western writer.Born in Kewanee, Illinois Glidden attended the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for two and a half years and then transferred to the University of Missouri at Columbia to study journalism.Following graduation in 1930 he worked for a number of...

, and Major George Fielding Eliot
George Fielding Eliot
George Fielding Eliot was a Second Lieutenant in the Australian army in World War I. He became a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and later a Major in the Military Intelligence Reserve of the United States Army...

. Adventure continued to publish factual pieces by noted figures, including future film producer Val Lewton
Val Lewton
Val Lewton was an American film producer and screenwriter, best known for a string of low-budget horror films he produced for RKO Pictures in the 1940s.-Early life:...

 and Venezuelan military writer Rafael de Nogales
Rafael de Nogales Méndez
Rafael Inchauspe Méndez, known as Rafael de Nogales Méndez was a Venezuelan soldier, adventurer and writer...

. During Adventure's 25th anniversary in 1935, TIME
Time (magazine)
Time is an American news magazine. A European edition is published from London. Time Europe covers the Middle East, Africa and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition is based in Hong Kong...

 Magazine praised Adventure as being "the No. 1 "pulp"". and Newsweek
Newsweek
Newsweek is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It is distributed throughout the United States and internationally. It is the second-largest news weekly magazine in the U.S., having trailed Time in circulation and advertising revenue for most of its existence...

 lauded Adventure as "Dean of the pulps".

During the 1940s, the magazine carried numerous fiction and articles concerned with the ongoing Second World War; writers who contributed to Adventure in this period included E. Hoffmann Price, DeWitt Newbury, Jim Kjelgaard
Jim Kjelgaard
James Arthur Kjelgaard was an American author of young adult literature.Born in New York City, New York, Jim Kjelgaard is the author of more than forty novels, the most famous of which is 1945's Big Red. It sold 225,000 copies by 1956 and was made into a 1962 Walt Disney film with the same title,...

 and Fredric Brown
Fredric Brown
Fredric Brown was an American science fiction and mystery writer. He was born in Cincinnati.He had two sons: James Ross Brown and Linn Lewis Brown ....

. Artists on the publication during the 1930s and 1940s included Walter M. Baumhofer
Walter M. Baumhofer
Walter Martin Baumhofer was an American illustrator notable for his cover paintings seen on the pulp magazines of Street & Smith and other publishers....

, Hubert Rogers, Rafael De Soto, Lawrence Sterne Stevens and Norman Saunders
Norman Saunders
Norman Blaine Saunders was a prolific commercial artist who produced paintings for pulp magazines, paperbacks, men's adventure magazines, comic books and trading cards...

. The magazine's main editor in the 1940s was Kenneth S. White, the son of the magazine's first editor Trumbull White. In April 1953, the pulp changed its format to that of a men's adventure magazine that lasted until the magazine folded in 1971. This final incarnation of Adventure tends not to be highly regarded among magazine historians, with Robert Weinberg
Robert Weinberg (author)
Robert Weinberg is an American author. His work spans several genres including non-fiction, science fiction, horror, and comic books.-Biography:...

 referring to it as "a rather mundane slick magazine" and Richard Bleiler stating that by 1960 Adventure had become '...a dying embarassment, printing grainy black and white photos of semi-nude women". Nevertheless, this version of Adventure did sometimes publish fiction by noted authors, including a story by Norman Mailer
Norman Mailer
Norman Kingsley Mailer was an American novelist, journalist, essayist, poet, playwright, screenwriter, and film director.Along with Truman Capote, Joan Didion, Hunter S...

, "The Paper House" in the December 1958 issue.

Anthologies

General anthologies from Adventure:
  • Adventure’s Best Stories : 1926. Edited by Arthur Sullivant Hoffman
    Arthur Sullivant Hoffman
    Arthur Sullivant Hoffman was an American magazine editor. Hoffman isbest known for editing the acclaimed pulp magazine Adventurefrom 1912-1927,as well as playing a role in the creation of the American Legion .-Early Life:...

    . George H. Doran Company
    George H. Doran Company
    George H. Doran Company was an American book publishing company established by George Henry Doran. He organized the company in Toronto and moved it to New York City on February 22, 1908....

    , 1926.
  • The Best of Adventure, Volume One : 1910-1912. Edited by Doug Ellis. Black Dog Books
    Black Dog Books (US)
    Black Dog Books located in Normal, Illinois, is one of the finest independent press operations in North America. Founded by publisher Tom Roberts to keep an outlet for adventure fiction alive, they have expanded to publish fiction in the adventure, mystery, science fiction, and horror genres.-...

    , 2010.


Single author/team collections from Adventure:
  • Angellotti, Marion Polk. The Black Death. Black Dog Books, 2010.
  • Beadle, Charles. The City of Baal. Off-Trail Publications, 2006.
  • Bedford-Jones, H.
    H. Bedford-Jones
    Henry James O'Brien Bedford-Jones was a Canadian historical, adventure fantasy, science fiction, crime and Western writer who became a naturalized United States citizen in 1908. After being encouraged to try writing by his friend, writer William Wallace Cook, Bedford-Jones began writing dime...

     & W.C. Robertson. The Temple of the Ten. Donald M. Grant, 1973.
  • Bishop, Farnham & Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur. In the Grip of the Minotaur. Black Dog Books, 2010.
  • Casey, Patrick & Terence. Hobo Stories. Off-Trail Publications, 2010.
  • Couzens, H.D. King Corrigan's Treasure. Black Dog Books, 2011.
  • Friel, Arthur O.
    Arthur O. Friel
    Arthur Olney Friel was one of the most popular writers for the adventure pulps. He began appearing in Adventure magazine in 1919 with stories set in the Amazon jungle featuring the characters Pedro and Lourenço, two rubber-industry workers who undergo harrowing experiences in the impenetrable...

     Amazon Stories: Volumes 1 & 2: Pedro & Lourenço. Off-Trail Publications, 2008 & 2009.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Wolf of the Steppes. Bison Books, 2006.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Warriors of the Steppes. Bison Books, 2006.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Riders of the Steppes. Bison Books, 2007.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Swords of the Steppes. Bison Books, 2007.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Swords from the Desert. Bison Books, 2009.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Swords from the West. Bison Books, 2009.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Swords from the East. Bison Books, 2010.
  • Lamb, Harold
    Harold Lamb
    Harold Albert Lamb was an American historian, screenwriter, short story writer, and novelist.Lamb was born in Alpine, New Jersey. He attended Columbia University, where his interest in the peoples and history of Asia began. Lamb's tutors at Columbia included Carl Van Doren andJohn Erskine. ...

    . Swords from the Sea. Bison Books, 2010.
  • Mundy, Talbot
    Talbot Mundy
    Talbot Mundy was an English writer. He also wrote under the pseudonym Walter Galt.-Life and work:...

    . In a Righteous Cause. Black Dog Books, 2009.

External links

Adventure Magazine: America's No. 1 Pulp at the Pulp Magazines Project

Adventure Magazine Article at the "Newsstand: 1925" website
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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