1875 in Canada
Encyclopedia
Events
- January 14 - The Halifax Herald is first published
- January 18 - 1875 Ontario electionOntario general election, 1875The Ontario general election of 1875 was the third general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on January 18, 1875, to elect the 88 Members of the 3rd Legislative Assembly of Ontario ....
: Sir Oliver MowatOliver MowatSir Oliver Mowat, was a Canadian politician, and the third Premier of Ontario from 1872 to 1896, making him the longest serving premier of that province and the 3rd longest in all of Canadian history...
's LiberalsLiberal Party of CanadaThe Liberal Party of Canada , colloquially known as the Grits, is the oldest federally registered party in Canada. In the conventional political spectrum, the party sits between the centre and the centre-left. Historically the Liberal Party has positioned itself to the left of the Conservative...
win a second consecutive majorityMajorityA majority is a subset of a group consisting of more than half of its members. This can be compared to a plurality, which is a subset larger than any other subset; i.e. a plurality is not necessarily a majority as the largest subset may consist of less than half the group's population... - April 5 - The Supreme Court of CanadaSupreme Court of CanadaThe Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court of Canada and is the final court of appeals in the Canadian justice system. The court grants permission to between 40 and 75 litigants each year to appeal decisions rendered by provincial, territorial and federal appellate courts, and its decisions...
is created - April 8 - The Northwest TerritoriesNorthwest TerritoriesThe Northwest Territories is a federal territory of Canada.Located in northern Canada, the territory borders Canada's two other territories, Yukon to the west and Nunavut to the east, and three provinces: British Columbia to the southwest, and Alberta and Saskatchewan to the south...
is given a lieutenant-governor separate from that of ManitobaManitobaManitoba is a Canadian prairie province with an area of . The province has over 110,000 lakes and has a largely continental climate because of its flat topography. Agriculture, mostly concentrated in the fertile southern and western parts of the province, is vital to the province's economy; other...
. - May 11 - Philip Carteret HillPhilip Carteret HillPhilip Carteret Hill was a Nova Scotia politician. Born in Halifax, he was mayor of Halifax from 1861 to 1864 before entering provincial politics as a supporter of Canadian confederation in 1867 serving as Provincial Secretary in the Conservative cabinet of Hiram Blanchard but lost his seat in the...
becomes premier of Nova ScotiaPremier of Nova ScotiaThe Premier of Nova Scotia is the first minister for the Canadian province of Nova Scotia who presides over the Executive Council of Nova Scotia. Following the Westminster system, the premier is normally the leader of the political party which has the most seats in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly...
, replacing William AnnandWilliam AnnandWilliam Annand was a Nova Scotia publisher and politician.Born in Halifax, Annand was first elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in 1836 and supported demands for responsible government. He lost his seat in 1843 and became proprietor and editor of the Novascotian and Morning Chronicle... - June 1 - Construction begins on the Canadian Pacific RailwayCanadian Pacific RailwayThe Canadian Pacific Railway , formerly also known as CP Rail between 1968 and 1996, is a historic Canadian Class I railway founded in 1881 and now operated by Canadian Pacific Railway Limited, which began operations as legal owner in a corporate restructuring in 2001...
- June 30 - The Land Purchase ActLand Purchase Act (1875)The Land Purchase Act, 1875 was a statute in Prince Edward Island, Canada passed by the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island in 1875...
comes into effect in Prince Edward IslandPrince Edward IslandPrince Edward Island is a Canadian province consisting of an island of the same name, as well as other islands. The maritime province is the smallest in the nation in both land area and population...
in order to address the "land question", one of the issues that had prompted the colony to join ConfederationCanadian ConfederationCanadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed on July 1, 1867. On that day, three British colonies were formed into four Canadian provinces... - July 7 - 1875 Quebec electionQuebec general election, 1875The Quebec general election of 1875 was held on July 7, 1875 to elect members of the 3rd Legislative Assembly for the Province of Quebec, Canada...
: Charles-Eugène Boucher de Boucherville's Conservatives win a third consecutive majorityMajorityA majority is a subset of a group consisting of more than half of its members. This can be compared to a plurality, which is a subset larger than any other subset; i.e. a plurality is not necessarily a majority as the largest subset may consist of less than half the group's population... - July 20 - 1875 British Columbia electionBritish Columbia general election, 1875This was the second election held after British Columbia became a province of Canada on July 20, 1871. Many of the politicians in the House had served with the Legislative Council or Assembly or the Executive Council, or had otherwise been stalwarts of the colonial era - some supporters of...
- September 2 - The Guibord Affair, violence resulting from the 1874 Guibord caseGuibord caseBrown v. Les Curé et Marguilliers de l'oeuvre et de la Fabrique de la Paroisse de Montréal, better known as the Guibord case, was a famous decision in 1874 by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in an early Canadian legal dispute over the relationship between church and state...
, breaks out.
Full date unknown
- Louis RielLouis RielLouis David Riel was a Canadian politician, a founder of the province of Manitoba, and a political and spiritual leader of the Métis people of the Canadian prairies. He led two resistance movements against the Canadian government and its first post-Confederation Prime Minister, Sir John A....
is granted amnestyAmnestyAmnesty is a legislative or executive act by which a state restores those who may have been guilty of an offense against it to the positions of innocent people, without changing the laws defining the offense. It includes more than pardon, in as much as it obliterates all legal remembrance of the...
with the condition that he be banished for five years. - Jennifer Trout becomes the first woman licensed to practise medicineMedicineMedicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
in Canada, although Emily StoweEmily StoweDr. Emily Howard Stowe was the first female doctor to practice in Canada, and an activist for women's rights and suffrage. Emily Stowe was born in Norwich Township, Oxford County, Ontario...
has been doing so without a licence in TorontoTorontoToronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...
since 1867 - Grace Lockhart receives from Mount Allison UniversityMount Allison UniversityMount Allison University is a primarily undergraduate Canadian liberal arts and science university situated in Sackville, New Brunswick. It is located about a half hour from the regional city of Moncton and 20 minutes from the Greater Moncton International Airport...
the first Bachelor of ArtsBachelor of ArtsA Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
degree awarded to a woman. - Hospital for Sick ChildrenHospital for Sick ChildrenThe Hospital for Sick Children – is a major paediatric centre for the Greater Toronto Area, serving patients up to age 18. Located on University Avenue in Downtown Toronto, SickKids is part of the city’s Discovery District, a critical mass of scientists and entrepreneurs who are focused on...
founded.
Births
- March 29 - Harry James BarberHarry James BarberHarry James Barber was a Canadian politician. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1925 election as a Member of the historical Conservative Party in the riding of Fraser Valley. He was re-elected in 1926, 1930, 1935 and defeated in 1940...
, politician (d.19591959 in Canada-Incumbents:* Monarch—Elizabeth II* Governor General—Georges Vanier* Prime Minister – John Diefenbaker* Premier of Alberta – Ernest Manning* Premier of British Columbia – W.A.C...
) - June 12 - Sam De GrasseSam De GrasseSamuel Alfred De Grasse was a Canadian actor. Born in Bathurst, New Brunswick, he trained to be a dentist....
, actor (d.19531953 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch – Elizabeth II*Governor General – Vincent Massey*Prime Minister – Louis Saint Laurent*Premier of Alberta – Ernest Manning*Premier of British Columbia – W.A.C...
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- June 15 - Herman Smith-JohannsenHerman Smith-JohannsenHerman "Jackrabbit" Smith-Johannsen, CM was a Norwegian-Canadian supercentenarian who gained widespread recognition for being one of the first people to introduce the sport of cross-country skiing to Canada and North America...
, ski pioneer and supercentenarian (d.19871987 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch: Elizabeth II*Governor General: Jeanne Sauvé*Prime Minister: Brian Mulroney*Premier of Alberta: Don Getty*Premier of British Columbia: Bill Vander Zalm*Premier of Manitoba: Howard Pawley...
) - August 2 - Albert HickmanAlbert HickmanAlbert Edgar Hickman , born in Grand Bank, Newfoundland, was Newfoundland's seventeenth Prime Minister and has the distinction of having served the shortest term of any Prime Minister....
, politician and 17th Prime Minister of NewfoundlandDominion of NewfoundlandThe Dominion of Newfoundland was a British Dominion from 1907 to 1949 . The Dominion of Newfoundland was situated in northeastern North America along the Atlantic coast and comprised the island of Newfoundland and Labrador on the continental mainland...
(d.19431943 in Canada-Events:*January 8 - Stuart Garson becomes premier of Manitoba, replacing John Bracken, who had governed for 21 years*May 11 - J. Walter Jones becomes premier of Prince Edward Island, replacing Thane Campbell...
) - August 21 - Winnifred EatonWinnifred EatonWinnifred Eaton, was a Canadian author. Although she was of Chinese-British ancestry, she published under the Japanese pseudonym, Onoto Watanna.- Biography :...
, author (d.19541954 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch – Elizabeth II*Governor General – Vincent Massey*Prime Minister – Louis Saint Laurent*Premier of Alberta – Ernest Manning*Premier of British Columbia – W.A.C...
) - August 22 - François BlaisFrançois BlaisFrançois Frank Blais was a Canadian politician, contractor, farmer, lumber merchant. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1935 election as an independent Liberal to represent the riding of Chapleau....
, politician (d.19491949 in Canada-Events:*March 31 - Newfoundland becomes Canada's 10th province at a fraction of a second from April 1, April Fools' Day.*April 1 - Joey Smallwood becomes the first premier of Newfoundland as a Canadian province...
) - August 26 - John Buchan, 1st Baron TweedsmuirJohn Buchan, 1st Baron TweedsmuirJohn Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir was a Scottish novelist, historian and Unionist politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 15th since Canadian Confederation....
, novelist, politician and 15th Governor General of CanadaGovernor General of CanadaThe Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
(d.19401940 in Canada-January to June:*March 13 - David Boon becomes premier of New Brunswick, replacing Allison Dysart*March 21 - Alberta election: William Aberhart's Social Credit Party wins a second consecutive majority...
) - September 6 - Edith Berkeley, biologist
- October 5 - Anne-Marie Huguenin, journalist
- November 19 - John Knox BlairJohn Knox BlairJohn Knox Blair was a politician, physician and teacher. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1930 election as a Member of the Liberal Party to represent the riding of Wellington North. He was re-elected in 1935 and 1940....
, politician, physician and teacher (d.19501950 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch: King George VI*Governor General: Earl Alexander of Tunis*Prime Minister: Louis Saint Laurent*Premier of Alberta: Ernest Manning*Premier of British Columbia: Byron Johnson*Premier of Manitoba: Douglas Campbell...
) - December 5 - Arthur CurrieArthur CurrieSir Arthur William Currie GCMG, KCB , was a Canadian general during World War I. He had the unique distinction of starting his military career on the very bottom rung as a pre-war militia gunner before rising through the ranks to become the first Canadian commander of the four divisions of the...
, World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
general (d.19331933 in Canada-Events:* April 7 - Raymond Paley becomes the first known skiing fatality in the Canadian Rockies on Fossil Mountain.* August 16 - A race riot occurs at Christie Pits in Toronto.* November 11 - The magnitude 7.3 Baffin Bay earthquake occurs at Baffin Bay, Nunavut....
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Deaths
- March 1 - Henry KellettHenry KellettVice Admiral Sir Henry Kellett KCB was a British naval officer and explorer.-Naval career:Kellett joined the Royal Navy in 1822...
, officer in the Royal Navy, oceanographer, Arctic explorer (b.18061806 in Canada-Events:* Minor trouble arises after 1806 when a governor attempts to anglicize Lower Canada, but he is able to quell dissent if not to achieve his goal.* Russian-American Company Company collects otter pelts from Alaska to Spanish California....
) - June 22 - William Edmond LoganWilliam Edmond LoganSir William Edmond Logan was a Scottish-Canadian geologist.Logan was born in Montreal, Quebec, and educated at the High School in Edinburgh and the University of Edinburgh . He started teaching himself geology in 1831, when he took over the running of a copper works in Swansea. He produced a...
, geologist (b.17981798 in Canada-Events:*David Thompson travels to Mandan villages and charts headwaters of Mississippi River*A new fur trading company is formed to compete with the North West Company...
) - July 15 - Charles La RocqueCharles La RocqueCharles La Rocque, also spelled Larocque, was a Canadian Roman Catholic priest and third Bishop of Saint-Hyacinthe from 1866 to 1875.-References:*...
, priest and third Bishop of Saint-HyacintheRoman Catholic Diocese of Saint-HyacintheThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint-Hyacinthe is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Sherbrooke.-Ordinaries:*John Charles Prince *Joseph La Rocque *Charles La Rocque *Bl...
(b.18091809 in Canada-Events:* On August 17, the foundation of Nelson's Column, Montreal is laid* November 3: John Molson's steamboat, Accommodation, starts for Quebec City. It is overall, has a engine, and makes the distance in 36 hours, but stops at night and reaches Quebec on November 6...
) - July 22 - Amable Éno, dit DeschampsAmable Éno, dit DeschampsAmable Éno, dit Deschamps was a political figure in Quebec. He represented L'Assomption from 1830 to 1834 in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada as a supporter of the Parti patriote. His name also appears as Amable Deschamps.He was born in L'Assomption, Quebec, the son of Jean-Baptiste...
, political figure (b.17851785 in Canada-Events:* Introduction of Power loom in England for weaving cloth* North West Company Strengthened far west trade through such forts as Athabasca and English River.* May 18: The city of Saint John, New Brunswick is incorporated....
) - August 21 - George ColesGeorge ColesGeorge Coles was a Canadian politician, being the first Premier of Prince Edward Island, and a Father of Canadian Confederation....
, Premier of Prince Edward Island (b.18101810 in Canada-Events:* January - A Governor declares that, in case of hostilities, a force of regulars, adequate for the defence of Canada, will cooperate with the Militia....
) - December 14 - Marie-Anne GabouryMarie-Anne GabouryMarie-Anne Lagimodière was a French-Canadian woman noted as both the grandmother of Louis Riel, and as the first woman of European descent to travel to and settle in what is now Western Canada....
, female explorer (b.17801780 in Canada-Events:* May 19: an unusual darkening of the day sky was observed over the New England states and parts of Canada. This has never been explained, though clouds of smoke from massive forest fires are the most likely cause....
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