William Butterfield
Encyclopedia
William Butterfield was a Gothic Revival architect
and associated with the Oxford Movement
(or Tractarian Movement). He is noted for his use of polychromy
. He was one of nine children and was educated at a local school. At the age of 16, he was apprenticed to Thomas Arber, a builder in Pimlico
, who later became bankrupt. He studied architecture under E. L. Blackburne (1833–1836). From 1838 to 1839, he was an assistant to Harvey Eginton, an architect in Worcester
, where he became articled. He established his own architectural practice at Lincoln's Inn Fields
in 1840.
From 1842 Butterfield was involved with the Cambridge Camden Society
, later The Ecclesiological Society. He contributed designs to the Society's journal, The Ecclesiologist. His involvement influenced his architectural style. He also drew religious inspiration from the Oxford Movement and as such, he was very high church
despite his non-conformist upbringing. He was a Gothic revival architect, and as such he reinterpreted the original Gothic style in Victorian
terms. Many of his buildings were for religious use, although he also designed for colleges and schools.
Butterfield's church of All Saints, Margaret Street
, London, was, in the view of Henry-Russell Hitchcock
, the building that initiated the High Victorian Gothic era. It was designed in 1850, completed externally by 1853 and consecrated in 1859. Flanked by a clergy house and school, it was intended as a "model" church by its sponsors, the Ecclesiological Society. The church was built of red-brick, a material long out of use in London, patterned with bands of black brick, the first use of polychrome brick in the city, with bands of stone on the spire. The interior was even more richly decorated, with marble and tile marquetry.
In 1849, just before Butterfield designed the church, John Ruskin
had published his Seven Lamps of Architecture, in which he had urged the study of Italian Gothic and the use of polychromy. Many contemporaries perceived All Saints' as Italian in character, though in fact it combines fourteenth century English details, with a German-style spire.
Also in 1850 he designed, without polychromy, St Matthias in Stoke Newington, with a bold gable-roofed tower. At St Bartholomew's, Yealhampton in the same year, Butterfield used a considerable amount of marquetry work for the interior, and built striped piers, using two colours of marble.
At Oxford, Butterfield designed Keble College
, in a style radically divergent from the University's existing traditions of Gothic architecture, its walls boldly striped with various colours of brick. Intended for clerical students, it was largely built in 1868–70, on a fairly domestic scale, with a more monumental chapel of 1873-6. In his buildings of 1868–72 at Rugby School
, the polychromy is even more brash.
Butterfield received the RIBA
Gold Medal in 1884. He died in London in 1900. He is buried in a simple Gothic tomb in Tottenham Cemetery, Haringey, North London. The grave can be easily seen from the public path through the cemetery, close to the gate from Tottenham Churchyard. There is a blue plaque
on his house in Bedford Square
, London.
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Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
and associated with the Oxford Movement
Oxford Movement
The Oxford Movement was a movement of High Church Anglicans, eventually developing into Anglo-Catholicism. The movement, whose members were often associated with the University of Oxford, argued for the reinstatement of lost Christian traditions of faith and their inclusion into Anglican liturgy...
(or Tractarian Movement). He is noted for his use of polychromy
Biography
William Butterfield was born in London in 1814. His parents were strict non-conformists who ran a chemist's shop in the StrandStrand, London
Strand is a street in the City of Westminster, London, England. The street is just over three-quarters of a mile long. It currently starts at Trafalgar Square and runs east to join Fleet Street at Temple Bar, which marks the boundary of the City of London at this point, though its historical length...
. He was one of nine children and was educated at a local school. At the age of 16, he was apprenticed to Thomas Arber, a builder in Pimlico
Pimlico
Pimlico is a small area of central London in the City of Westminster. Like Belgravia, to which it was built as a southern extension, Pimlico is known for its grand garden squares and impressive Regency architecture....
, who later became bankrupt. He studied architecture under E. L. Blackburne (1833–1836). From 1838 to 1839, he was an assistant to Harvey Eginton, an architect in Worcester
Worcester
The City of Worcester, commonly known as Worcester, , is a city and county town of Worcestershire in the West Midlands of England. Worcester is situated some southwest of Birmingham and north of Gloucester, and has an approximate population of 94,000 people. The River Severn runs through the...
, where he became articled. He established his own architectural practice at Lincoln's Inn Fields
Lincoln's Inn Fields
Lincoln's Inn Fields is the largest public square in London, UK. It was laid out in the 1630s under the initiative of the speculative builder and contractor William Newton, "the first in a long series of entrepreneurs who took a hand in developing London", as Sir Nikolaus Pevsner observes...
in 1840.
Cambridge Camden Society
The Cambridge Camden Society, later known as the Ecclesiological Society from 1845 when it moved to London, was a learned architectural society founded in 1839 by undergraduates at Cambridge University to promote "the study of Gothic Architecture, and of Ecclesiastical Antiques." Its activities...
, later The Ecclesiological Society. He contributed designs to the Society's journal, The Ecclesiologist. His involvement influenced his architectural style. He also drew religious inspiration from the Oxford Movement and as such, he was very high church
High church
The term "High Church" refers to beliefs and practices of ecclesiology, liturgy and theology, generally with an emphasis on formality, and resistance to "modernization." Although used in connection with various Christian traditions, the term has traditionally been principally associated with the...
despite his non-conformist upbringing. He was a Gothic revival architect, and as such he reinterpreted the original Gothic style in Victorian
Victorian architecture
The term Victorian architecture refers collectively to several architectural styles employed predominantly during the middle and late 19th century. The period that it indicates may slightly overlap the actual reign, 20 June 1837 – 22 January 1901, of Queen Victoria. This represents the British and...
terms. Many of his buildings were for religious use, although he also designed for colleges and schools.
Butterfield's church of All Saints, Margaret Street
All Saints, Margaret Street
All Saints, Margaret Street is an Anglican church in London built in the High Victorian Gothic style by the architect William Butterfield and completed in 1859....
, London, was, in the view of Henry-Russell Hitchcock
Henry-Russell Hitchcock
Henry-Russell Hitchcock was the leading American architectural historian of his generation. A long-time professor at Smith College and New York University, he is best known for writings that helped to define Modern architecture.-Biography:...
, the building that initiated the High Victorian Gothic era. It was designed in 1850, completed externally by 1853 and consecrated in 1859. Flanked by a clergy house and school, it was intended as a "model" church by its sponsors, the Ecclesiological Society. The church was built of red-brick, a material long out of use in London, patterned with bands of black brick, the first use of polychrome brick in the city, with bands of stone on the spire. The interior was even more richly decorated, with marble and tile marquetry.
In 1849, just before Butterfield designed the church, John Ruskin
John Ruskin
John Ruskin was the leading English art critic of the Victorian era, also an art patron, draughtsman, watercolourist, a prominent social thinker and philanthropist. He wrote on subjects ranging from geology to architecture, myth to ornithology, literature to education, and botany to political...
had published his Seven Lamps of Architecture, in which he had urged the study of Italian Gothic and the use of polychromy. Many contemporaries perceived All Saints' as Italian in character, though in fact it combines fourteenth century English details, with a German-style spire.
Also in 1850 he designed, without polychromy, St Matthias in Stoke Newington, with a bold gable-roofed tower. At St Bartholomew's, Yealhampton in the same year, Butterfield used a considerable amount of marquetry work for the interior, and built striped piers, using two colours of marble.
At Oxford, Butterfield designed Keble College
Keble College, Oxford
Keble College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Its main buildings are on Parks Road, opposite the University Museum and the University Parks. The college is bordered to the north by Keble Road, to the south by Museum Road, and to the west by Blackhall...
, in a style radically divergent from the University's existing traditions of Gothic architecture, its walls boldly striped with various colours of brick. Intended for clerical students, it was largely built in 1868–70, on a fairly domestic scale, with a more monumental chapel of 1873-6. In his buildings of 1868–72 at Rugby School
Rugby School
Rugby School is a co-educational day and boarding school located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire, England. It is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain.-History:...
, the polychromy is even more brash.
Butterfield received the RIBA
Royal Institute of British Architects
The Royal Institute of British Architects is a professional body for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally.-History:...
Gold Medal in 1884. He died in London in 1900. He is buried in a simple Gothic tomb in Tottenham Cemetery, Haringey, North London. The grave can be easily seen from the public path through the cemetery, close to the gate from Tottenham Churchyard. There is a blue plaque
Blue plaque
A blue plaque is a permanent sign installed in a public place to commemorate a link between that location and a famous person or event, serving as a historical marker....
on his house in Bedford Square
Bedford Square
Bedford Square is a square in the Bloomsbury district of the Borough of Camden in London, England.Built between 1775 and 1783 as an upper middle class residential area, the sqare has had many distinguished residents, including Lord Eldon, one of Britain's longest serving and most celebrated Lord...
, London.
Works
Butterfield's buildings include:- Highbury Congregational Church (now Cotham ChurchCotham ChurchCotham Church is in Cotham, Bristol, England.It was originally built, in 1842-43 by William Butterfield in a Gothic Revival style, as Highbury Congregational chapel. It was...
) BristolBristolBristol is a city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, with an estimated population of 433,100 for the unitary authority in 2009, and a surrounding Larger Urban Zone with an estimated 1,070,000 residents in 2007...
(Butterfield's first work) - St Augustine's College, CanterburyCanterburyCanterbury is a historic English cathedral city, which lies at the heart of the City of Canterbury, a district of Kent in South East England. It lies on the River Stour....
, KentKentKent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
, 1845 - St. John the Baptist parish church, HellidonHellidonHellidon is a village and civil parish in the Daventry district of the county of Northamptonshire in England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 180; it reached its highest population, 449, in 1861....
, NorthamptonshireNorthamptonshireNorthamptonshire is a landlocked county in the English East Midlands, with a population of 629,676 as at the 2001 census. It has boundaries with the ceremonial counties of Warwickshire to the west, Leicestershire and Rutland to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshire to the south-east,...
: restoration, 1845–47 - Abbey Church of Saints Peter & Paul, Dorchester on Thames, OxfordshireOxfordshireOxfordshire is a county in the South East region of England, bordering on Warwickshire and Northamptonshire , Buckinghamshire , Berkshire , Wiltshire and Gloucestershire ....
: restoration, 1846–53 - St. Andrew's parish church, Ogbourne St Andrew, WiltshireWiltshireWiltshire is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. It contains the unitary authority of Swindon and covers...
: restoration, 1847–49 and vicarage, 1848 - St Ninian's Cathedral, PerthSt Ninian's Cathedral, PerthSt Ninian's Cathedral or the Cathedral Church of St Ninian is a cathedral of the Scottish Episcopal Church in the Royal burgh of Perth. It is the see of the Anglican Bishop of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane, who is the ordinary of the Diocese of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane.-History:The...
, ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
, 1850 - St. James & St. Anne parish church and vicarage, AlfingtonAlfingtonAlfington is a small village in East Devon, on the River Otter. It is 2 miles north-east of Ottery St Mary.-External links:*...
, DevonDevonDevon is a large county in southwestern England. The county is sometimes referred to as Devonshire, although the term is rarely used inside the county itself as the county has never been officially "shired", it often indicates a traditional or historical context.The county shares borders with...
, 1850 - WantageWantageWantage is a market town and civil parish in the Vale of the White Horse, Oxfordshire, England. The town is on Letcombe Brook, about south-west of Abingdon and a similar distance west of Didcot....
Cemetery, BerkshireBerkshireBerkshire is a historic county in the South of England. It is also often referred to as the Royal County of Berkshire because of the presence of the royal residence of Windsor Castle in the county; this usage, which dates to the 19th century at least, was recognised by the Queen in 1957, and...
: chapel, 1850 - St. Mary's Church (Emmorton, Maryland)St. Mary's Church (Emmorton, Maryland)St. Mary's Church is a historic Episcopal church located at Emmorton, Harford County, Maryland. It is a small Gothic Revival parish church. It was built about 1851 and carefully designed in the "Early English" manner with gray rubble stone walls, cut Port Deposit granite trim, and a very steep...
: stained glass windows, 1851 - St. Mary and St. Melor parish church, AmesburyAmesburyAmesbury is a town and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. It is most famous for the prehistoric monument of Stonehenge which is in its parish, and for the discovery of the Amesbury Archer—dubbed the King of Stonehenge in the press—in 2002...
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1853 - St. Nicholas' Hospital, SalisburySalisburySalisbury is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England and the only city in the county. It is the second largest settlement in the county...
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1854 - St. Mary's parish church, MarlstonMarlstonMarlston is a hamlet in the English county of Berkshire, within the civil parish of Bucklebury.The settlement lies south of the M4 motorway, and is located approximately north-east of Thatcham....
, Berkshire, 1855 - All Saints' Church, BraishfieldBraishfieldBraishfield is a village and civil parish north of Romsey in Hampshire, England. It has neither main roads nor railways, but is crossed by the Monarch's Way long-distance footpath...
, HampshireHampshireHampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
, 1855 - St. Mary's parish church, MiltonMilton, CherwellMilton is a village and civil parish south of Banbury in Oxfordshire.The Church of England parish church of Saint Mary was built in 1856 by the Gothic Revival architect William Butterfield....
, Oxfordshire, 1856 - Balliol College, OxfordBalliol College, OxfordBalliol College , founded in 1263, is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England but founded by a family with strong Scottish connections....
Chapel, 1856–57 - St. Michael's parish church, Gare Hill (Gaer Hill), SomersetSomersetThe ceremonial and non-metropolitan county of Somerset in South West England borders Bristol and Gloucestershire to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. It is partly bounded to the north and west by the Bristol Channel and the estuary of the...
, 1857 - St. James' church, school and village buildings, Baldersby St JamesBaldersby St JamesBaldersby St James is a village in the Harrogate district of North Yorkshire, England....
, North YorkshireNorth YorkshireNorth Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county primarily in that region but partly in North East England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972 it covers an area of , making it the largest...
, 1857 - All Saints' parish, Charlton-All-SaintsCharlton-All-SaintsCharlton-All-Saints, Wiltshire SP5 is a village immediately to the west of the River Avon in Wiltshire, about south of Salisbury. The village is in the civil parish of Downton.The village has existed since Saxon times...
, WiltshireWiltshireWiltshire is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. It contains the unitary authority of Swindon and covers...
: school, 1857–58 - St Andrew's parish church, LandfordLandfordLandford is a village and civil parish southeast of Salisbury in Wiltshire, England. The 2001 census recorded a parish population of 1,142. It is the most eastern settlement in the county of Wiltshire....
, Wiltshire, 1858 - St. John the Baptist, Latton, WiltshireLatton, WiltshireLatton is a village near Cricklade in Wiltshire, England. The Church of England parish church of Saint John the Baptist is a Grade I listed building. There is a village hall and a park but no shop or post office. Nearby ran the Thames and Severn Canal with its junction to the former North Wilts...
: chancel, 1858–63 - All Saints, Margaret StreetAll Saints, Margaret StreetAll Saints, Margaret Street is an Anglican church in London built in the High Victorian Gothic style by the architect William Butterfield and completed in 1859....
, LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
, 1859 - St. Nicholas' school, Newbury, BerkshireNewbury, BerkshireNewbury is a civil parish and the principal town in the west of the county of Berkshire in England. It is situated on the River Kennet and the Kennet and Avon Canal, and has a town centre containing many 17th century buildings. Newbury is best known for its racecourse and the adjoining former USAF...
, 1859 - Trafalgar House, Wiltshire: restoration of church, 1859–66
- St. Giles' Church, TadlowTadlowTadlow is south-west of Cambridge, north-east of Biggleswade, Bedfordshire, and north of London. The B1042 road bisects the parish, with Wrestlingworth to the west and Croydon to the east....
, BedfordshireBedfordshireBedfordshire is a ceremonial county of historic origin in England that forms part of the East of England region.It borders Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Northamptonshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the west and Hertfordshire to the south-east....
, 1860 - Lych gate at St. Michael & All Angels' Churchyard extension, Houghton-le-SpringHoughton-le-SpringHoughton-le-Spring is part of the City of Sunderland in the county of Tyne and Wear, North East England that has its recorded origins in Norman times. It is situated almost equidistant between the cathedral city of Durham 7 miles to the south-west and the centre of the City of Sunderland about 6...
, DurhamDurhamDurham is a city in north east England. It is within the County Durham local government district, and is the county town of the larger ceremonial county...
, 1862, - All Saints' parish, Charlton All Saints, Wiltshire: vicarage, 1860–62
- St. John the Baptist churchBamford ChurchSt John the Baptist church is a C of E church in Bamford in the Hope Valley, Derbyshire, England. The building that is seen today is largely a William Butterfield restoration dating from 1861, with a bell tower.- The Bells and Tower :...
, BamfordBamfordBamford is a village in the Derbyshire Peak District, England, close to the River Derwent. To the north-east is Bamford Edge, and to the south-east the location of the water treatment works covering the Ladybower, Derwent and Howden Reservoirs. Though locally Bamford is described as being in the...
, Hope ValleyHope Valley, DerbyshireThe Hope Valley is a rural area centred on the village of Hope, Derbyshire in the Peak District in the northern Midlands of England.The name also applies to the Post Town which includes the surrounding villages.-The Valley:...
, DerbyshireDerbyshireDerbyshire is a county in the East Midlands of England. A substantial portion of the Peak District National Park lies within Derbyshire. The northern part of Derbyshire overlaps with the Pennines, a famous chain of hills and mountains. The county contains within its boundary of approx...
: restoration, 1861 - St. Michael's parish church, Letcombe BassettLetcombe BassettLetcombe Bassett is a village and civil parish about southwest of the market town of Wantage in the Vale of White Horse. It was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred the Vale of White Horse to Oxfordshire....
, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire): nave and south aisle, 1861 - St. Mary the Virgin parish church, Castle EatonCastle EatonCastle Eaton is a village and civil parish on the River Thames about northwest of Highworth. It is historically in Wiltshire but since 1997 has been part of Swindon unitary authority...
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1861–63 - St. Martin's parish church, BremhillBremhillBremhill is a village located between Calne and Chippenham, Wiltshire. It is notable in particular as one of the termini of Maud Heath's Causeway. Chippenham is the other, the causeway passes through Langley Burrell en route. It was also the home of the notable poet, clergyman and critic, William...
: restoration, 1862–63 - Church of St Cross, Manchester, ClaytonClayton, Greater ManchesterClayton is a suburb of the city of Manchester, in North West England. It is situated about 3 miles east of the city centre, on Ashton New Road. Clayton takes its name from the Clayton family who owned large parts of land around the area, including Clayton Vale, through which the River Medlock flows...
, ManchesterManchesterManchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. According to the Office for National Statistics, the 2010 mid-year population estimate for Manchester was 498,800. Manchester lies within one of the UK's largest metropolitan areas, the metropolitan county of Greater...
, 1863–66 - St. Margaret's parish church, MapledurhamMapledurhamMapledurham is a small village, civil parish and country estate beside the River Thames in Oxfordshire.It should not be confused with the Mapledurham electoral ward of the nearby Borough of Reading, which is a subdivision of that town's suburb of Caversham....
, Oxfordshire: restoration, 1863 - St. Michael's parish church, Lyneham, WiltshireLyneham, WiltshireLyneham is a large village in north Wiltshire, within the civil parish of Lyneham and Bradenstoke, and situated southwest of Wootton Bassett, north of Calne and southwest of Swindon. The village is on the A3102 road between Calne and Wootton Bassett.-RAF Lyneham:RAF Lyneham is at Lyneham...
: nave roof and chancel, 1862–65 - St. Michael's parish church, AldbourneAldbourneAldbourne is a village and civil parish about northeast of Marlborough in Wiltshire, England. It is in a valley in the south slope of the Lambourn Downs, part of the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty...
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1863–67 - St. Sebastian, Heathland, WokinghamWokinghamWokingham is a market town and civil parish in Berkshire in South East England about west of central London. It is about east-southeast of Reading and west of Bracknell. It spans an area of and, according to the 2001 census, has a population of 30,403...
, Berkshire, 1864 - Merton College, OxfordMerton College, OxfordMerton College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Its foundation can be traced back to the 1260s when Walter de Merton, chancellor to Henry III and later to Edward I, first drew up statutes for an independent academic community and established endowments to...
: Grove Building, 1864 - St. Andrew's parish church, Blunsdon St Andrew, Wiltshire: restoration: 1864–68
- St. George's parish church, Wootton, NorthamptonshireWootton, NorthamptonshireWootton, Northamptonshire is a village about south of Northampton town centre and now part of the Northampton Borough Council area.The village is separated from Hardingstone by the Newport Pagnell Road the B526, formerly part of the A50 road...
: restoration, 1865 - St. Augustine's parish church, Penarth, Glamorgan, 1865-66.
- SS. Peter & Paul parish church, HeytesburyHeytesburyHeytesbury is a village in Wiltshire, England, in the Wylye Valley, about three miles south of Warminster.-History:...
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1865–67 - St. Anne's church, Dropmore, Littleworth, Buckinghamshire, 1866
- All Saints' parish church, RangemoreRangemoreRangemore is a village in the borough of East Staffordshire, situated approximately west of the town of Burton upon Trent, on a ridge of high ground about a mile due west of the village of Tatenhill....
, StaffordshireStaffordshireStaffordshire is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. For Eurostat purposes, the county is a NUTS 3 region and is one of four counties or unitary districts that comprise the "Shropshire and Staffordshire" NUTS 2 region. Part of the National Forest lies within its borders...
, 1866–67 - St. Peter's parish church, Highway, Wiltshire, 1866–67
- St. Barnabas' parish church, Horton-cum-StudleyHorton-cum-StudleyHorton-cum-Studley is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire about northeast of the centre of Oxford.-Civil parish:The hamlet of Studley was originally in two parts: one in Oxfordshire and the other in the Hundred of Ashendon in Buckinghamshire. Horton was always part of Oxfordshire...
, Oxfordshire, 1867 - St. Mary's parish church, Beech Hill, Berkshire, 1867
- Little FaringdonLittle FaringdonLittle Faringdon is a village and civil parish in West Oxfordshire, about north of Lechlade in neighbouring Gloucestershire.-History:In the late Anglo-Saxon period Little Faringdon was part of a large estate that included Faringdon , from which it took its name...
, Oxfordshire: Rectory, 1867 - St. Mary's parish, Lower HeyfordLower HeyfordLower Heyford is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, beside the River Cherwell about west of Bicester.-Prehistory:Aves ditch is pre-Anglo-Saxon and may have been dug as a boundary ditch...
, Oxfordshire: remodelling of Old Rectory, 1867 (now Tall Chimneys) - The Royal Hampshire County HospitalRoyal Hampshire County HospitalThe Royal Hampshire County Hospital in Winchester is a District General Hospital serving much of central Hampshire. It is owned and run by the Winchester and Eastleigh Healthcare NHS Trust...
, WinchesterWinchesterWinchester is a historic cathedral city and former capital city of England. It is the county town of Hampshire, in South East England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government district, and is located at the western end of the South Downs, along the course of...
, HampshireHampshireHampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
, 1868 - St. Paul's Church, WooburnWooburnWooburn is a village in Buckinghamshire, England. It is located off the A4094 road between Wooburn Green and Bourne End in the very south of the county near the River Thames, about two miles south west of Beaconsfield and four miles east of Marlow...
, BuckinghamshireBuckinghamshireBuckinghamshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan home county in South East England. The county town is Aylesbury, the largest town in the ceremonial county is Milton Keynes and largest town in the non-metropolitan county is High Wycombe....
: alterations, 1869 - St. Mary Brookfield, Dartmouth ParkDartmouth ParkDartmouth Park is a district of north London in the London Borough of Camden, on the slope of the hill that rises up to Highgate from Kentish Town.-History:...
, London, 1869–75 - All Saints' parish church, WhiteparishWhiteparishWhiteparish is a village and civil parish about southeast of Salisbury in Wiltshire, England. The village is about from the county boundary with Hampshire. The United Kingdom Census 2010/2011 census recorded a parish population of 2918....
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1870 - St. Leonard's parish church, Broad Blunsdon, Wiltshire: rebuilding, 1870
- Church of St Peter, Great BerkhamstedChurch of St Peter, Great BerkhamstedThe Parish Church of St Peter, Great Berkhamsted is a Church of England, Grade II* listed church in the town of Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, in the United Kingdom...
, HertfordshireHertfordshireHertfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England. The county town is Hertford.The county is one of the Home Counties and lies inland, bordered by Greater London , Buckinghamshire , Bedfordshire , Cambridgeshire and...
: restoration, 1870–71 - St. Mary's parish church, PurtonPurtonPurton is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire. The civil parish includes the village of Purton Stoke and the hamlets of Bentham, Hayes Knoll, Restrop and Widham....
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1872 - Saint Mary at StokeSaint Mary at StokeSaint Mary at Stoke is a Grade I listed Anglican church Over Stoke on the junction of Stoke Street and Belstead Road in Ipswich, Suffolk....
parish church, SuffolkSuffolkSuffolk is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. It has borders with Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south. The North Sea lies to the east...
, 1872 - St. Michael and All Angels' parish church & school, Poulton, GloucestershirePoulton, GloucestershirePoulton is a village and civil parish in the English county of Gloucestershire, approximately to the south-east of Gloucester. It lies in the south of the Cotswolds, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In the 2001 United Kingdom census, the parish had a population of 398.-History:Poulton was...
, 1873 - St. Mary's parish church, Dinton, WiltshireDinton, WiltshireDinton is a village in Wiltshire, England, on the B3089 road about 8 miles west of Salisbury. The population was 597 at the 2001 census.-Present day:...
: restoration, 1873–75 - St. Peter's parish church, Clyffe PypardClyffe PypardClyffe Pypard is a village and civil parish about south of Wootton Bassett in North Wiltshire.The parish includes the hamlet of Bushton.- History :...
, Wiltshire: restoration, 1873–75 - All Saints' parish church, BraunstonBraunstonBraunston is a village and civil parish in the county of Northamptonshire, England. It has a population of 1,675 . Braunston is situated just off the A45 main road and lies between the towns of Rugby and Daventry....
, Northamptonshire: restoration, 1874 - St. George's parish church, West Harnham, Wiltshire: restoration, 1874
- St. Mary's School, Wantage, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire), 1874–75
- St. Margaret's parish church, Knook, WiltshireKnook, WiltshireKnook is a small village and former civil parish in the County of Wiltshire, in the south west of England. For civil purposes, it now forms part of the united parish of 'Heytesbury, Imber and Knook'.-Location:...
: restoration, 1874–76 - Rugby SchoolRugby SchoolRugby School is a co-educational day and boarding school located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire, England. It is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain.-History:...
, WarwickshireWarwickshireWarwickshire is a landlocked non-metropolitan county in the West Midlands region of England. The county town is Warwick, although the largest town is Nuneaton. The county is famous for being the birthplace of William Shakespeare...
: Chapel and Quadrangle, 1875 - Shaw-cum-Donnington School, Shaw, BerkshireShaw, BerkshireShaw is a village in Berkshire, England.It is located to the north of Newbury, near the village of Donnington. It is in the parish of Shaw-cum-Donnington....
, 1875 - Keble College, OxfordKeble College, OxfordKeble College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Its main buildings are on Parks Road, opposite the University Museum and the University Parks. The college is bordered to the north by Keble Road, to the south by Museum Road, and to the west by Blackhall...
1876 - Holy Cross parish church, Ashton KeynesAshton KeynesAshton Keynes is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, near the border with Gloucestershire, about 6 miles south of Cirencester and 4 miles north of Cricklade. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 1,420. The village lies within the Cotswold Water Park and is...
, Wiltshire: restoration: 1876–77 - St. Catherine's parish church, Netherhampton, Wiltshire, 1876–77
- Ascot Priory, Ascot, BerkshireAscot, BerkshireAscot is a village within the civil parish of Sunninghill and Ascot, in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead, Berkshire, England. It is most notable as the location of Ascot Racecourse, home of the prestigious Royal Ascot meeting...
: chapel, 1877 - St. Mary Magdalene parish church, Winterbourne MonktonWinterbourne MonktonWinterbourne Monkton is a small village and former civil parish in Wiltshire, England, one mile north of the Avebury Stone Circle....
, Wiltshire: rebuilding, 1878 - St. John the Baptist parish church, Foxham, Wiltshire: 1878–81
- St. John the Evangelist church, ClevedonClevedonClevedon is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority of North Somerset, which covers part of the ceremonial county of Somerset, England...
, SomersetSomersetThe ceremonial and non-metropolitan county of Somerset in South West England borders Bristol and Gloucestershire to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. It is partly bounded to the north and west by the Bristol Channel and the estuary of the...
, 1878 - St. Mary's parish church, Shaw, Berkshire: chancel, 1878
- St. Mary's Convent, Wantage, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire): Noviciate, 1878
- St. Mary's parish church, DodfordDodford, NorthamptonshireDodford is a village in the county of Northamptonshire, England, within the Weedon Ward of Daventry District. The village is just north of the A45 road 1½ miles west of Weedon. It is 3½ miles east of Daventry and ten miles west of Northampton. It is also close to junction 16 of the M1 motorway...
, Northamptonshire: restoration, 1878–80 - St. Columba's CollegeSt. Columba's College, DublinSt Columba's College is a co-educational boarding school founded in 1843 located in Whitechurch, Dublin, Ireland. Among the founders of the college are Edwin Richard W. W. Quin, Lord Adare , the Right Hon. William Monsell , Dr...
Chapel, Whitechurch, County Dublin, IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, 1880 - St Edith's parish church, BaverstockBaverstockBaverstock is a small village in Wiltshire, England, about west of Salisbury. The village has 10 private dwellings, a parish church and several farm buildings. It is bounded by Barford St Martin to the east, Dinton to the west, Compton Chamberlayne to the south and Steeple Langford to the north...
, Wiltshire: restoration 1880–82 - St Paul's Cathedral, MelbourneSt Paul's Cathedral, MelbourneSt Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne, is the metropolitical and cathedral church of the Anglican Diocese of Melbourne, Victoria in Australia. It is the seat of the Anglican Archbishop of Melbourne and Metropolitan of the Province of Victoria...
(except main tower and spire), AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, 1880–1891 - Sarum CollegeSarum CollegeSarum College is an ecumenical Christian institution in Salisbury, England. The College was established in 1995, and occupies the buildings formerly home to the Salisbury and Wells Theological College...
, Salisbury, Wiltshire: chapel, 1881 - St Mark's church, Dundela, east BelfastBelfastBelfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
, 1899
- St. Saviour's, Coalpit HeathCoalpit HeathCoalpit Heath is a small village in the parish of Westerleigh, South Gloucestershire, England, south of Yate and east of Frampton Cotterell in South Gloucestershire.-Background:...
, GloucestershireGloucestershireGloucestershire is a county in South West England. The county comprises part of the Cotswold Hills, part of the flat fertile valley of the River Severn, and the entire Forest of Dean....
(Butterfield's first Church of England church) - All Saints' church, BabbacombeBabbacombe"Babbacombe" may also refer to John 'Babbacombe' LeeBabbacombe is a district of Torquay, Devon, England. It is notable for Babbacombe Model Village, and its clifftop green, Babbacombe Downs, from which Oddicombe Beach is accessed via Babbacombe Cliff Railway.There is a miniature village in the area....
, Devon - The Cathedral of the IslesCathedral of the IslesThe Cathedral of The Isles and Collegiate Church of the Holy Spirit is a cathedral of the Scottish Episcopal Church in the town of Millport on the Isle of Cumbrae. It is one of the two cathedrals of the Diocese of Argyll and the Isles, the other being St John's Cathedral in Oban...
, Great CumbraeGreat CumbraeGreat Cumbrae is the larger of the two islands known as The Cumbraes in the lower Firth of Clyde in western Scotland...
, ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
1851 - Holy Saviour church, HitchinHitchinHitchin is a town in Hertfordshire, England, with an estimated population of 30,360.-History:Hitchin is first noted as the central place of the Hicce people mentioned in a 7th century document, the Tribal Hidage. The tribal name is Brittonic rather than Old English and derives from *siccā, meaning...
, HertfordshireHertfordshireHertfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England. The county town is Hertford.The county is one of the Home Counties and lies inland, bordered by Greater London , Buckinghamshire , Bedfordshire , Cambridgeshire and... - Ottery St. MaryOttery St MaryOttery St Mary, known as "Ottery" , is a town in the East Devon district of Devon, England, on the River Otter, about ten miles east of Exeter on the B3174. It is part of a large civil parish of the same name, which also covers the villages of West Hill, Metcombe, Fairmile, Alfington, Tipton St...
parish church, Devon: south transept refurbishment and marble font - The Rectory, (now Butterfield House), Hitchin Street, BaldockBaldockBaldock is a historic market town in the local government district of North Hertfordshire in the ceremonial county of Hertfordshire, England where the River Ivel rises. It lies north of London, southeast of Bedford, and north northwest of the county town of Hertford...
, Hertfordshire. - St. Alban's church, HolbornHolbornHolborn is an area of Central London. Holborn is also the name of the area's principal east-west street, running as High Holborn from St Giles's High Street to Gray's Inn Road and then on to Holborn Viaduct...
, London - St. Andrew's parish church, Rugby, WarwickshireRugby, WarwickshireRugby is a market town in Warwickshire, England, located on the River Avon. The town has a population of 61,988 making it the second largest town in the county...
- St. Cross Church, Clayton, Manchester
- Exeter SchoolExeter SchoolExeter School is a selective independent co-educational day school for pupils between the ages of 7 and 18 located in Exeter, Devon, England. In 2010 there were around 180 pupils in the Junior School and 670 in the Senior School...
, ExeterExeterExeter is a historic city in Devon, England. It lies within the ceremonial county of Devon, of which it is the county town as well as the home of Devon County Council. Currently the administrative area has the status of a non-metropolitan district, and is therefore under the administration of the...
, Devon - Holy Trinity with St. Edmund parish churchChurch of the Holy Trinity with St EdmundThe Church of the Holy Trinity with St Edmund is a church on Wellington Hill, Horfield in Bristol, England.The west tower dates from the 15th century. The nave and aisles by William Butterfield date from 1847, and the chancel and crossing tower are dated 1893...
, HorfieldHorfieldHorfield is a suburb of the city of Bristol, in southwest England. It lies on Bristol's northern edge, its border with Filton marking part of the boundary between Bristol and South Gloucestershire. Bishopston lies directly to the south. Monks Park and Golden Hill are to the west. Lockleaze and...
, Gloucestershire - St. James' church, ChristletonChristletonChristleton is a small village and civil parish on the outskirts of Chester in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The 2001 Census recorded a population for the entire civil parish of 2,112....
, CheshireCheshireCheshire is a ceremonial county in North West England. Cheshire's county town is the city of Chester, although its largest town is Warrington. Other major towns include Widnes, Congleton, Crewe, Ellesmere Port, Runcorn, Macclesfield, Winsford, Northwich, and Wilmslow... - St. Mary Magdalene church, West Lavington, West SussexWest Lavington, West SussexWest Lavington is a village and civil parish on the edge of Midhurst in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It contains a small private nursery school and the church of St Mary Magdalene...
- St. Mary Magdalene church, Enfield ChaseEnfield ChaseEnfield Chase is an area in the London Borough of Enfield, North London. It was once covered by woodland and used as a royal deer park. While it is no longer officially a 'place', the Church of England Parish of St Mary Magdalene, Enfield Chase, officially holds that title, which was effectively...
, MiddlesexMiddlesexMiddlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time... - St. MawganSt MawganSt Mawgan in Pydar is a civil parish in Cornwall, United Kingdom. The village of St Mawgan is situated four miles northeast of Newquay....
Old Rectory, CornwallCornwallCornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of , and covers an area of... - St. Margaret of Antioch, BarleyBarleyBarley is a major cereal grain, a member of the grass family. It serves as a major animal fodder, as a base malt for beer and certain distilled beverages, and as a component of various health foods...
, Herts - St Mary and St Helen's Wykeham, Scarborough