Wangen bei Olten
Encyclopedia
Wangen bei Olten is a municipality
in the district of Olten
in the canton
of Solothurn in Switzerland
.
The construction of a 6 metres (19.7 ft) high minaret in Wangen in 2005 led to a constitutional ban on their construction
on 29 November 2009.
The contention involved the Turkish
cultural association, which applied for a construction permit to erect a minaret on the roof of its Islamic community centre. The project faced opposition from surrounding residents, who formed a group to prevent the tower's erection. The Turkish association claimed that the building authorities improperly and arbitrarily delayed its building application. They also believed that the members of the local opposition group were motivated by religious bias. The Communal Building and Planning Commission rejected the association's application. The applicants appealed to the Building and Justice Department, which reverted the decision and remanded. As a consequence of that decision, local residents (who were members of the group mentioned) and the commune of Wangen brought the case before the Administrative Court of the Canton of Solothurn, but failed with their claims. On appeal the Federal Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the lower court. The 6 metres (19.7 ft)-high minaret was eventually erected in July 2009.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 2.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 12.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.9%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.4% of the area Out of the forested land, 51.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 15.7% is used for growing crops and 7.3% is pastures, while 1.6% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Per pale Gules St. Gallus Argent haloed, holding a Book in dexter hand and a walking Staff in sinister and of the second a Wolf of the first rampant holding a Trunk ragully.
Most of the population speaks German
(4,078 or 89.1%), with Italian
being second most common (104 or 2.3%) and Serbo-Croatian
being third (95 or 2.1%). There are 33 people who speak French
and 3 people who speak Romansh.
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.1% male and 50.9% female. The population was made up of 1,842 Swiss men (37.9% of the population) and 546 (11.2%) non-Swiss men. There were 2,014 Swiss women (41.4%) and 464 (9.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality 1,056 or about 23.1% were born in Wangen bei Olten and lived there in 2000. There were 1,361 or 29.7% who were born in the same canton, while 1,240 or 27.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 762 or 16.6% were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 22 live births to Swiss citizens and 13 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 41 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 19 while the foreign population increased by 12. There were 13 Swiss men and 8 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 31 non-Swiss men and 23 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 36 and the non-Swiss population increased by 61 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.5%.
The age distribution, , in Wangen bei Olten is; 301 children or 6.6% of the population are between 0 and 6 years old and 695 teenagers or 15.2% are between 7 and 19. Of the adult population, 252 people or 5.5% of the population are between 20 and 24 years old. 1,410 people or 30.8% are between 25 and 44, and 1,083 people or 23.7% are between 45 and 64. The senior population distribution is 599 people or 13.1% of the population are between 65 and 79 years old and there are 239 people or 5.2% who are over 80.
, there were 1,726 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 2,280 married individuals, 316 widows or widowers and 257 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 44.1% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,958 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. There were 640 households that consist of only one person and 115 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 1,967 households that answered this question, 32.5% were households made up of just one person and there were 13 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 617 married couples without children, 579 married couples with children There were 88 single parents with a child or children. There were 21 households that were made up of unrelated people and 9 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.
there were 760 single family homes (or 69.2% of the total) out of a total of 1,099 inhabited buildings. There were 206 multi-family buildings (18.7%), along with 86 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (7.8%) and 47 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.3%). Of the single family homes 64 were built before 1919, while 106 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (178) were built between 1946 and 1960.
there were 2,104 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 671. There were 54 single room apartments and 669 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 1,919 apartments (91.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 104 apartments (4.9%) were seasonally occupied and 81 apartments (3.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 1.5 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.44%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 25.89% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(21.16%), the FDP
(21.04%) and the SP
(20.85%). In the federal election, a total of 1,605 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 50.2%.
the total number of full-time equivalent
jobs was 2,150. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 12, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 547 of which 433 or (79.2%) were in manufacturing and 108 (19.7%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 1,591. In the tertiary sector; 96 or 6.0% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 1,070 or 67.3% were in the movement and storage of goods, 56 or 3.5% were in a hotel or restaurant, 13 or 0.8% were in the information industry, 15 or 0.9% were the insurance or financial industry, 29 or 1.8% were technical professionals or scientists, 43 or 2.7% were in education and 112 or 7.0% were in health care.
, there were 1,506 workers who commuted into the municipality and 1,777 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 22.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 51.1% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 79 members of an Orthodox church
(or about 1.73% of the population), there were 44 individuals (or about 0.96% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church
, and there were 78 individuals (or about 1.70% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 250 (or about 5.46% of the population) who were Islam
ic. There were 10 individuals who were Buddhist
, 3 individuals who were Hindu
and 3 individuals who belonged to another church. 488 (or about 10.66% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
or atheist
, and 116 individuals (or about 2.53% of the population) did not answer the question.
). Of the 497 who completed tertiary schooling, 67.8% were Swiss men, 19.7% were Swiss women, 7.4% were non-Swiss men and 5.0% were non-Swiss women.
During the 2010-2011 school year there were a total of 515 students in the Wangen bei Olten school system. The education system
in the Canton of Solothurn allows young children to attend two years of non-obligatory Kindergarten
. During that school year, there were 92 children in kindergarten. The canton's school system requires students to attend six years of primary school, with some of the children attending smaller, specialized classes. In the municipality there were 266 students in primary school and 33 students in the special, smaller classes. The secondary school
program consists of three lower, obligatory years of schooling, followed by three to five years of optional, advanced schools. 124 lower secondary students attend school in Wangen bei Olten.
, there were 2 students in Wangen bei Olten who came from another municipality, while 118 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Olten
Olten (district)
Olten District is one of the ten districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, situated around the city of Olten. Together with the Gösgen District, it forms the electoral district of Olten-Gösgen...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Solothurn in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
Minaret controversy
The construction of a 6 metres (19.7 ft) high minaret in Wangen in 2005 led to a constitutional ban on their construction
Minaret controversy in Switzerland
The minaret controversy in Switzerland refers to construction of minarets, which has been subject to legal and political controversy in Switzerland during the 2000s and a Swiss referendum regarding this issue. In a November 2009 referendum, a constitutional amendment banning the construction of new...
on 29 November 2009.
The contention involved the Turkish
Turks in Switzerland
Turks in Switzerland are Swiss citizens of Turkish origin. Over the last two decades, there has been a significant increase in the diversity of culture, language and customs in the Swiss population...
cultural association, which applied for a construction permit to erect a minaret on the roof of its Islamic community centre. The project faced opposition from surrounding residents, who formed a group to prevent the tower's erection. The Turkish association claimed that the building authorities improperly and arbitrarily delayed its building application. They also believed that the members of the local opposition group were motivated by religious bias. The Communal Building and Planning Commission rejected the association's application. The applicants appealed to the Building and Justice Department, which reverted the decision and remanded. As a consequence of that decision, local residents (who were members of the group mentioned) and the commune of Wangen brought the case before the Administrative Court of the Canton of Solothurn, but failed with their claims. On appeal the Federal Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the lower court. The 6 metres (19.7 ft)-high minaret was eventually erected in July 2009.
Geography
Wangen bei Olten has an area, , of 6.96 square kilometres (2.7 sq mi). Of this area, 1.71 km² (0.660234691193235 sq mi) or 24.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 3.69 km² (1.4 sq mi) or 53.0% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.52 km² (0.586875281060653 sq mi) or 21.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.3% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 2.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 12.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.9%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.4% of the area Out of the forested land, 51.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 15.7% is used for growing crops and 7.3% is pastures, while 1.6% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Per pale Gules St. Gallus Argent haloed, holding a Book in dexter hand and a walking Staff in sinister and of the second a Wolf of the first rampant holding a Trunk ragully.
Demographics
Wangen bei Olten has a population of . , 20.0% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 7.1%.Most of the population speaks German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(4,078 or 89.1%), with Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
being second most common (104 or 2.3%) and Serbo-Croatian
Serbo-Croatian
Serbo-Croatian or Serbo-Croat, less commonly Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian , is a South Slavic language with multiple standards and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro...
being third (95 or 2.1%). There are 33 people who speak French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
and 3 people who speak Romansh.
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.1% male and 50.9% female. The population was made up of 1,842 Swiss men (37.9% of the population) and 546 (11.2%) non-Swiss men. There were 2,014 Swiss women (41.4%) and 464 (9.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality 1,056 or about 23.1% were born in Wangen bei Olten and lived there in 2000. There were 1,361 or 29.7% who were born in the same canton, while 1,240 or 27.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 762 or 16.6% were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 22 live births to Swiss citizens and 13 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 41 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 19 while the foreign population increased by 12. There were 13 Swiss men and 8 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 31 non-Swiss men and 23 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 36 and the non-Swiss population increased by 61 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.5%.
The age distribution, , in Wangen bei Olten is; 301 children or 6.6% of the population are between 0 and 6 years old and 695 teenagers or 15.2% are between 7 and 19. Of the adult population, 252 people or 5.5% of the population are between 20 and 24 years old. 1,410 people or 30.8% are between 25 and 44, and 1,083 people or 23.7% are between 45 and 64. The senior population distribution is 599 people or 13.1% of the population are between 65 and 79 years old and there are 239 people or 5.2% who are over 80.
, there were 1,726 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 2,280 married individuals, 316 widows or widowers and 257 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 44.1% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,958 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. There were 640 households that consist of only one person and 115 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 1,967 households that answered this question, 32.5% were households made up of just one person and there were 13 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 617 married couples without children, 579 married couples with children There were 88 single parents with a child or children. There were 21 households that were made up of unrelated people and 9 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.
there were 760 single family homes (or 69.2% of the total) out of a total of 1,099 inhabited buildings. There were 206 multi-family buildings (18.7%), along with 86 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (7.8%) and 47 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.3%). Of the single family homes 64 were built before 1919, while 106 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (178) were built between 1946 and 1960.
there were 2,104 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 671. There were 54 single room apartments and 669 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 1,919 apartments (91.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 104 apartments (4.9%) were seasonally occupied and 81 apartments (3.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 1.5 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.44%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 25.89% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(21.16%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(21.04%) and the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(20.85%). In the federal election, a total of 1,605 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 50.2%.
Economy
, Wangen bei Olten had an unemployment rate of 3.9%. , there were 18 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 578 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 29 businesses in this sector. 1,957 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 105 businesses in this sector. There were 2,407 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 44.2% of the workforce.the total number of full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent , is a unit to measure employed persons or students in a way that makes them comparable although they may work or study a different number of hours per week. FTE is often used to measure a worker's involvement in a project, or to track cost reductions in an organization...
jobs was 2,150. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 12, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 547 of which 433 or (79.2%) were in manufacturing and 108 (19.7%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 1,591. In the tertiary sector; 96 or 6.0% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 1,070 or 67.3% were in the movement and storage of goods, 56 or 3.5% were in a hotel or restaurant, 13 or 0.8% were in the information industry, 15 or 0.9% were the insurance or financial industry, 29 or 1.8% were technical professionals or scientists, 43 or 2.7% were in education and 112 or 7.0% were in health care.
, there were 1,506 workers who commuted into the municipality and 1,777 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 22.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 51.1% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 2,152 or 47.0% were Roman Catholic, while 1,356 or 29.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 79 members of an Orthodox church
Orthodox Christianity
The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to:* the Eastern Orthodox Church and its various geographical subdivisions...
(or about 1.73% of the population), there were 44 individuals (or about 0.96% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
, and there were 78 individuals (or about 1.70% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 250 (or about 5.46% of the population) who were Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic. There were 10 individuals who were Buddhist
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
, 3 individuals who were Hindu
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
and 3 individuals who belonged to another church. 488 (or about 10.66% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 116 individuals (or about 2.53% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Wangen bei Olten about 1,941 or (42.4%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 497 or (10.9%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the 497 who completed tertiary schooling, 67.8% were Swiss men, 19.7% were Swiss women, 7.4% were non-Swiss men and 5.0% were non-Swiss women.
During the 2010-2011 school year there were a total of 515 students in the Wangen bei Olten school system. The education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
in the Canton of Solothurn allows young children to attend two years of non-obligatory Kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
. During that school year, there were 92 children in kindergarten. The canton's school system requires students to attend six years of primary school, with some of the children attending smaller, specialized classes. In the municipality there were 266 students in primary school and 33 students in the special, smaller classes. The secondary school
Secondary school
Secondary school is a term used to describe an educational institution where the final stage of schooling, known as secondary education and usually compulsory up to a specified age, takes place...
program consists of three lower, obligatory years of schooling, followed by three to five years of optional, advanced schools. 124 lower secondary students attend school in Wangen bei Olten.
, there were 2 students in Wangen bei Olten who came from another municipality, while 118 residents attended schools outside the municipality.