United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan
Encyclopedia
The United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) is a political UN mission established at the request of the Government of Afghanistan to assist it and the people of Afghanistan
in laying the foundations for sustainable peace and development.
UNAMA was established on 28 March 2002 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1401
. Its original mandate was to support the Bonn Agreement
(December 2001). Reviewed annually, this mandate has been altered over time to reflect the needs of the country and was extended until 23 March 2012 by Resolution 1974
. UNAMA’s mandate currently has the following elements: to support the Government in its efforts to improve critical areas, including security, governance and economic development, and regional cooperation, as well as to support the full implementation of mutual commitments made on these issues at the London Conference in January 2010
and the subsequent Kabul Conference in July 2010 agreed in the Afghanistan National Development Strategy and the National Drugs Control Strategy.
Key areas of UNAMA's work are promoting human rights; providing technical assistance; and continuing to manage and coordinate all UN-led humanitarian relief, recovery, reconstruction and development activities in Afghanistan. These were endorsed by the UN Security Council in Resolution 1662
.
Human rights and development in Afghanistan have long been an issue in one of the least-developed countries of the world. In 1985 there was a Special Rapporteur on human rights in Afghanistan, whose advice led the Security Council to condemn widespread disregard for human rights and large-scale violations in resolution 40/137.
In the early 1990s Operation Salam was the UN’s emergency relief operation, headed by Baron Sevan the Secretary-General’s Special Representative.
In December 1993 the United Nations Special Mission to Afghanistan
was set up as a ‘bridging’ agency between the UN and the Afghan leaders. This made it easier for the UN to help Afghan leaders with national reconciliation and reconstruction.
On 7 October 2001 the foreign intervention in Afghanistan
began as the armed forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom
and the Afghan United Front (Northern Alliance
) launched Operation Enduring Freedom. The primary driver of the invasion was the September 11 attacks on the United States, with the stated goal of dismantling the Al-Qaeda
terrorist organization and ending its use of Afghanistan as a base. The United States also said that it would remove the Taliban regime from power and create a viable democratic state.
On 5 December 2001 the Bonn Agreement
was signed in Germany
by Afghan political groups opposing the Taliban. It was ratified by the Security Council the following day under Resolution 1383
. Resolution 1386
confirmed the UN’s commitment to the agreement by authorising an International Security Assistance Force
(ISAF) to help maintain security in Kabul and the surrounding areas.
Established in March 2002, established at the request of the Government to assist it and the people of Afghanistan in laying the foundations for sustainable peace and development. UNAMA has functioned as a highly influential body representing international and Afghan efforts at reconstruction and development.
. Its headquarter is in Kabul. In addition UNAMA has 23 regional and provincial offices across Afghanistan and liaison offices in Islamabad and Teheran. The regional offices are in Kabul, Herat, Bamyan, Gardez, Kandahar, Jalalabad, Kunduz, and Mazar-i-Sharif. Currently, UNAMA has more than 1,600 civilian staff. Around 80% of UNAMA’s staff are Afghan nationals, who work in various positions and levels within the political mission. Both the widespread presence and inclusive nature of the staff of UNAMA are considered a valuable asset, especially with attempts to coordinate relief and recovery programmes with the various interested parties around the country.
UNAMA is headed by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General
(SRSG) for Afghanistan, Staffan de Mistura
, who was appointed to the post in 2010, replacing Kai Eide
. There are three earlier Special Representatives – Lakhdar Brahimi
(former Algerian Foreign Minister) who served from October 2001 to January 2004, despite resigning from the post 2 years earlier; and Jean Arnault who held the post from February 2004 to February 2006, followed by Tom Koenigs who held the post from March 2006 to December 2007.
The head of UNAMA is responsible for all UN activities in the country. There are also two deputy Special Representatives (DSRSG) who oversee the main pillars of the mission – developmental issues and political matters. Included under these pillars are departments specialising in human rights, policing, military, drugs and gender issues.
The developmental pillar of UNAMA focuses on relief efforts, delivery aid to where it is needed most, and the reconstruction of the infrastructure and other important components of society. This pillar is headed by Michael Keating, the Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Relief, Recovery and Reconstruction.
The political affairs pillar is led by a Deputy Special Representative responsible for supporting political outreach, conflict resolution, disarmament and regional cooperation. The political mandate of UNAMA supported the implementation of the institutional and political objectives of the Bonn Agreement, signed in November 2001, as well as a range of peace-building tasks. The political affairs pillar also includes an Election Support Unit, a Military Advisory Unit, and a Police Advisory Unit, which are responsible for coordinating international support for institution-building in each of those sectors.
was elected as President of the Afghanistan Transitional Authority on June 19, 2002, after holding the post of Chairman of the Emergency Loya Jirga
required by the Bonn Agreement
.
In 2004 democratic presidential elections were held, with Karzai
winning 55.4% of the vote (21 out of 34 provinces), and in 2005 Parliamentary elections were held across the country. In 2005 parliamentary elections
were held.
In human rights areas less information is available but the treatment of women has greatly improved, with schooling and employment rates increasing steadily since the extremist Taliban were toppled from power.
, especially in regard to women’s rights, capacity building and overseeing a responsive relief effort both from international and Afghan
bodies.
The 2002 Tokyo Conference was a success for the RRR section with Secretary-General Kofi Annan
calling for $10billion in aid over a 10 year period from the international community to help rebuild Afghanistan. Although not achieving this high aim, Annan did receive pledges of $5billion over a 6 year period. Such fundraising work has continued, with $8.2 billion being raised at the 2004 Berlin International Conference on Afghanistan.
Nationwide immunization campaigns have been launched, the number of children in education has dramatically increased and the RRR team formulated a National Development Framework with the Transitional Authority.
The mission has provided extensive support for political processes to take place though. Transport, communications, voter registration and information campaigns and election monitoring were all provided by UNAMA in efforts to allow a fair, representative and successful transition in government. UNAMA’s efforts have continued from the initial Emergency Loya Jirga in June 2002 to presidential elections and national assembly elections in 2004 and 2005 respectively.
The position of UNAMA and the Special Representative as co-chair of the Joint Co-ordination and Monitoring Board (JCMB), which aligns international and Afghan efforts to succeed with the aims of the Afghanistan Compact, also gives the mission great access, responsibility and influence in the country.
UNAMA and the JCMB helped to conduct the 2004 elections in which 10.5 million Afghans voted (41% of which were women.
UNAMA’s success is shown in other walks of life with over 4.2 million children now in education and around 3 million refugees repatriated to Afghanistan since 2002.
The UN Country Team includes agencies such as the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation
, the World Food Programme
, and the UNHCR. Other agencies coordinate and provide aid, medical care, education and human rights advice.
also UNAMA and the UN as an entity have become a target in Afghanistan. In November 2003 a bomb exploded outside UN offices in Kandahar, a staff member of the UNHCR was murdered and bombs were targeted at a UNAMA guesthouse in Kabul. On 28 October 2004, 3 UN electoral employees were kidnapped, and not released until 23 November. Other electoral personnel around the country were also attacked, including people working for the UNHCR and other Non-Governmental Organisations.
On 28 October 2009 a UN guest house in Kabul was attacked. The attack on Bakhtar guest house
happened in the early hours of the morning when three attackers stormed a guest house used by the United Nations, killing five UN staff, two Afghan security personnel and an Afghan civilian.
On 1 April 2011, the UNAMA's regional Office in Mazar-i-Sharif was attacked and 7 UNAMA personnel were killed by angry demonstrators in Mazar-i-Sharif
, including 5 Nepalese guards and 3 other members of staff. Pajhwok Afghan News
reported that the dead included Norwegian, Romanian
and Swedish nationals.
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
in laying the foundations for sustainable peace and development.
UNAMA was established on 28 March 2002 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1401
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1401
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1401, adopted unanimously on March 28, 2002, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, including resolutions 1378 , 1383 and 1386 , the Council endorsed the establishment of the United Nations Assistance Mission in...
. Its original mandate was to support the Bonn Agreement
Bonn Agreement
Bonn Agreement could refer to*Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement...
(December 2001). Reviewed annually, this mandate has been altered over time to reflect the needs of the country and was extended until 23 March 2012 by Resolution 1974
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1974
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1974, adopted unanimously on March 22, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on Afghanistan, in particular 1917 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan for a period of one year until March 23,...
. UNAMA’s mandate currently has the following elements: to support the Government in its efforts to improve critical areas, including security, governance and economic development, and regional cooperation, as well as to support the full implementation of mutual commitments made on these issues at the London Conference in January 2010
International Conference on Afghanistan (2010)
On January 28, 2010, an International Conference on Afghanistan was held at Lancaster House in London, where members of the international community discussed the further progress on the Petersberg agreement from 2001 on the democratization of Afghanistan after the ousting of the Taliban regime...
and the subsequent Kabul Conference in July 2010 agreed in the Afghanistan National Development Strategy and the National Drugs Control Strategy.
Key areas of UNAMA's work are promoting human rights; providing technical assistance; and continuing to manage and coordinate all UN-led humanitarian relief, recovery, reconstruction and development activities in Afghanistan. These were endorsed by the UN Security Council in Resolution 1662
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1662
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1662, adopted unanimously on March 23, 2006, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, including resolutions 1589 and 1659 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan for an...
.
History
The United Nations have been involved in the region since 1946 when Afghanistan joined the General Assembly, with the UNDP carrying out aid and development work from the 1950s.Human rights and development in Afghanistan have long been an issue in one of the least-developed countries of the world. In 1985 there was a Special Rapporteur on human rights in Afghanistan, whose advice led the Security Council to condemn widespread disregard for human rights and large-scale violations in resolution 40/137.
In the early 1990s Operation Salam was the UN’s emergency relief operation, headed by Baron Sevan the Secretary-General’s Special Representative.
In December 1993 the United Nations Special Mission to Afghanistan
United Nations Special Mission to Afghanistan
The United Nations Special Mission to Afghanistan was established by United Nations Secretary-General following a request by the General Assembly in December 1993.Its offices were forced to close in May 2001....
was set up as a ‘bridging’ agency between the UN and the Afghan leaders. This made it easier for the UN to help Afghan leaders with national reconciliation and reconstruction.
On 7 October 2001 the foreign intervention in Afghanistan
War in Afghanistan (2001–present)
The War in Afghanistan began on October 7, 2001, as the armed forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Afghan United Front launched Operation Enduring Freedom...
began as the armed forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and the Afghan United Front (Northern Alliance
Northern Alliance
The Afghan Northern Alliance is a military-political umbrella organization created by the Islamic State of Afghanistan in 1996.Northern Alliance may also refer to:*Northern Alliance , a Canadian white supremacist group...
) launched Operation Enduring Freedom. The primary driver of the invasion was the September 11 attacks on the United States, with the stated goal of dismantling the Al-Qaeda
Al-Qaeda
Al-Qaeda is a global broad-based militant Islamist terrorist organization founded by Osama bin Laden sometime between August 1988 and late 1989. It operates as a network comprising both a multinational, stateless army and a radical Sunni Muslim movement calling for global Jihad...
terrorist organization and ending its use of Afghanistan as a base. The United States also said that it would remove the Taliban regime from power and create a viable democratic state.
On 5 December 2001 the Bonn Agreement
Bonn Agreement
Bonn Agreement could refer to*Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement...
was signed in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
by Afghan political groups opposing the Taliban. It was ratified by the Security Council the following day under Resolution 1383
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1383
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1383, adopted unanimously on December 6, 2001, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, particularly Resolution 1378 , the Council endorsed the Bonn Agreement signed the previous day concerning the transition period in the...
. Resolution 1386
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1386
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1386, adopted unanimously on December 20, 2001, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, particularly resolutions 1378 and 1383 , the Council authorised the establishment of the International Security Assistance Force to assist...
confirmed the UN’s commitment to the agreement by authorising an International Security Assistance Force
International Security Assistance Force
The International Security Assistance Force is a NATO-led security mission in Afghanistan established by the United Nations Security Council on 20 December 2001 by Resolution 1386 as envisaged by the Bonn Agreement...
(ISAF) to help maintain security in Kabul and the surrounding areas.
Established in March 2002, established at the request of the Government to assist it and the people of Afghanistan in laying the foundations for sustainable peace and development. UNAMA has functioned as a highly influential body representing international and Afghan efforts at reconstruction and development.
Structure
UNAMA is a political mission of the UN and comes under the remit of the UN’s Department of Peacekeeping OperationsDepartment of Peacekeeping Operations
The Department of Peacekeeping Operations is a department of the United Nations which is charged with the planning, preparation, management and direction of UN peacekeeping operations.-History of the DPKO:...
. Its headquarter is in Kabul. In addition UNAMA has 23 regional and provincial offices across Afghanistan and liaison offices in Islamabad and Teheran. The regional offices are in Kabul, Herat, Bamyan, Gardez, Kandahar, Jalalabad, Kunduz, and Mazar-i-Sharif. Currently, UNAMA has more than 1,600 civilian staff. Around 80% of UNAMA’s staff are Afghan nationals, who work in various positions and levels within the political mission. Both the widespread presence and inclusive nature of the staff of UNAMA are considered a valuable asset, especially with attempts to coordinate relief and recovery programmes with the various interested parties around the country.
UNAMA is headed by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General
Special Representative of the Secretary-General
A Special Representative of the Secretary-General is a highly respected expert who has been appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to represent her/him in meetings with heads of state on critical human rights issues...
(SRSG) for Afghanistan, Staffan de Mistura
Staffan de Mistura
Staffan de Mistura is a long-serving Italian-Swedish diplomat. After a 36 year career in various UN agencies, United Nations Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon appointed him as his Special Representative for Iraq on 11 September 2007...
, who was appointed to the post in 2010, replacing Kai Eide
Kai Eide
Kai Aage Eide is a Norwegian diplomat. He was appointed the United Nations Special Representative to Afghanistan and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan on 7 March 2008, a position he held until March 2010 when Staffan de Mistura took over.Eide has previously served as...
. There are three earlier Special Representatives – Lakhdar Brahimi
Lakhdar Brahimi
Lakhdar Brahimi is a veteran United Nations envoy and advisor. He retired from his duties at the end of 2005. Brahimi is a member of the Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor, the first global initiative to focus specifically on the link between exclusion, poverty and law...
(former Algerian Foreign Minister) who served from October 2001 to January 2004, despite resigning from the post 2 years earlier; and Jean Arnault who held the post from February 2004 to February 2006, followed by Tom Koenigs who held the post from March 2006 to December 2007.
The head of UNAMA is responsible for all UN activities in the country. There are also two deputy Special Representatives (DSRSG) who oversee the main pillars of the mission – developmental issues and political matters. Included under these pillars are departments specialising in human rights, policing, military, drugs and gender issues.
The developmental pillar of UNAMA focuses on relief efforts, delivery aid to where it is needed most, and the reconstruction of the infrastructure and other important components of society. This pillar is headed by Michael Keating, the Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Relief, Recovery and Reconstruction.
The political affairs pillar is led by a Deputy Special Representative responsible for supporting political outreach, conflict resolution, disarmament and regional cooperation. The political mandate of UNAMA supported the implementation of the institutional and political objectives of the Bonn Agreement, signed in November 2001, as well as a range of peace-building tasks. The political affairs pillar also includes an Election Support Unit, a Military Advisory Unit, and a Police Advisory Unit, which are responsible for coordinating international support for institution-building in each of those sectors.
Political pillar of UNAMA
The Political Affairs part of UNAMA is currently headed by Wolfgang Weisbrod-Weber. The Political Affairs department has been successful in seeing through a number of elections since 2002. Hamid KarzaiHamid Karzai
Hamid Karzai, GCMG is the 12th and current President of Afghanistan, taking office on 7 December 2004. He became a dominant political figure after the removal of the Taliban regime in late 2001...
was elected as President of the Afghanistan Transitional Authority on June 19, 2002, after holding the post of Chairman of the Emergency Loya Jirga
Loya jirga
A loya jirga is a type of jirga regarded as "grand assembly," a phrase in the Pashto language meaning "grand council." A loya jirga is a mass meeting usually prepared for major events such as choosing a new king, adopting a constitution, or discussing important national political or emergency...
required by the Bonn Agreement
Bonn Agreement
Bonn Agreement could refer to*Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement...
.
In 2004 democratic presidential elections were held, with Karzai
Karzai
Karzai may refer to:*Abdul Ahad Karzai, father of Hamid Karzai*Ahmed Wali Karzai, half-brother of Hamid Karzai*Habibullah Karzai, uncle of Hamid Karzai*Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan*Hekmat Karzai, cousin of Hamid Karzai...
winning 55.4% of the vote (21 out of 34 provinces), and in 2005 Parliamentary elections were held across the country. In 2005 parliamentary elections
Afghan parliamentary election, 2005
Afghanistan held parliamentary and provincial council elections on 18 September 2005. The first results were declared on 9 October, with final results being delayed by accusations of fraud, and were finally announced on 12 November.-Results:...
were held.
In human rights areas less information is available but the treatment of women has greatly improved, with schooling and employment rates increasing steadily since the extremist Taliban were toppled from power.
Relief, Recovery and reconstruction pillar of UNAMA
Michael Keating leads the RRR section of UNAMA, which serves to further integrate the reconstruction efforts in AfghanistanAfghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
, especially in regard to women’s rights, capacity building and overseeing a responsive relief effort both from international and Afghan
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
bodies.
The 2002 Tokyo Conference was a success for the RRR section with Secretary-General Kofi Annan
Kofi Annan
Kofi Atta Annan is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the UN from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2006...
calling for $10billion in aid over a 10 year period from the international community to help rebuild Afghanistan. Although not achieving this high aim, Annan did receive pledges of $5billion over a 6 year period. Such fundraising work has continued, with $8.2 billion being raised at the 2004 Berlin International Conference on Afghanistan.
Nationwide immunization campaigns have been launched, the number of children in education has dramatically increased and the RRR team formulated a National Development Framework with the Transitional Authority.
Actions and involvement
Under Brahimi’s leadership, and that of subsequent Special Representatives, UNAMA has taken a minimal involvement policy, especially in regard to political processes in Afghanistan. This commitment to a “light, expatriate footprint” upholds the UN Security Council’s statement in resolution 1401 that sort to reaffirm the UN’s “strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and national unity of Afghanistan”.The mission has provided extensive support for political processes to take place though. Transport, communications, voter registration and information campaigns and election monitoring were all provided by UNAMA in efforts to allow a fair, representative and successful transition in government. UNAMA’s efforts have continued from the initial Emergency Loya Jirga in June 2002 to presidential elections and national assembly elections in 2004 and 2005 respectively.
The position of UNAMA and the Special Representative as co-chair of the Joint Co-ordination and Monitoring Board (JCMB), which aligns international and Afghan efforts to succeed with the aims of the Afghanistan Compact, also gives the mission great access, responsibility and influence in the country.
UNAMA and the JCMB helped to conduct the 2004 elections in which 10.5 million Afghans voted (41% of which were women.
UNAMA’s success is shown in other walks of life with over 4.2 million children now in education and around 3 million refugees repatriated to Afghanistan since 2002.
UN agencies under UNAMA
As UNAMA oversees the entire UN response to the needs of the Afghan people a number of UN agencies fall under their auspices. Some of these have been working in the country for a number of years, with UN involvement stemming from Afghanistan’s membership of the United Nations General Assembly in 1946. In addition, in 2011, all the UN agencies and programmes in Afghanistan agreed to work together on five main priorities which include 1) peace, reconciliation and reintegration; 2) human rights protection and promotion; 3) sub-national governance and the rule of law; 4) maternal and newborn health; and 5) sustainable livelihoods.The UN Country Team includes agencies such as the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation
Fão
Fão is a town in Esposende Municipality in Portugal....
, the World Food Programme
World Food Programme
The World Food Programme is the food aid branch of the United Nations, and the world's largest humanitarian organization addressing hunger worldwide. WFP provides food, on average, to 90 million people per year, 58 million of whom are children...
, and the UNHCR. Other agencies coordinate and provide aid, medical care, education and human rights advice.
UNAMA as a target
In the course of the ongoing conflict in AfghanistanWar in Afghanistan (2001–present)
The War in Afghanistan began on October 7, 2001, as the armed forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Afghan United Front launched Operation Enduring Freedom...
also UNAMA and the UN as an entity have become a target in Afghanistan. In November 2003 a bomb exploded outside UN offices in Kandahar, a staff member of the UNHCR was murdered and bombs were targeted at a UNAMA guesthouse in Kabul. On 28 October 2004, 3 UN electoral employees were kidnapped, and not released until 23 November. Other electoral personnel around the country were also attacked, including people working for the UNHCR and other Non-Governmental Organisations.
On 28 October 2009 a UN guest house in Kabul was attacked. The attack on Bakhtar guest house
2009 UN guest house attack in Kabul
The 2009 UN guest house attack happened in the early hours of October 28, 2009, in Kabul, Afghanistan. Three Taliban attackers stormed a guest house used by the United Nations, killing five UN staff, two Afghan security personnel and an Afghan civilian....
happened in the early hours of the morning when three attackers stormed a guest house used by the United Nations, killing five UN staff, two Afghan security personnel and an Afghan civilian.
On 1 April 2011, the UNAMA's regional Office in Mazar-i-Sharif was attacked and 7 UNAMA personnel were killed by angry demonstrators in Mazar-i-Sharif
2011 Mazar-i-Sharif attack
The 2011 Mazar-i-Sharif attack occurred on 1 April, when a group of demonstrators attacked the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan compound in Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, killing seven foreigners, including three U.N. staff members...
, including 5 Nepalese guards and 3 other members of staff. Pajhwok Afghan News
Pajhwok Afghan News
Pajhwok Afghan News is a news agency established in March 2004 in Kabul, Afghanistan by the Institute for War and Peace Reporting. It is Afghanistan's largest independent news service, providing broad-based coverage of news in English, Pashto and Dari...
reported that the dead included Norwegian, Romanian
Romanians
The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....
and Swedish nationals.
UN agencies in Afghanistan/UN Country Team
- UNDP (United Nations Development Program)
- OCHA (UN Office Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs)
- UNCC (United Nations Compensation Commission)
- UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification)
- UN-HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
- UNCSD (United Nations Common Supplier Database)
- UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
- UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)
- UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
- UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)
- UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund for Afghanistan)
- UNHCR (United Nations High Commission for Refugees)
- OHCHR (Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights)
- UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund)
- UN ICT TF (United Nations Information and Communication Technologies Taskorce)
- UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization)
- UN WOMEN (United Nations Development Fund for Women)
- UNJLC (United Nations Joint Logistics Center)
- UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
- UNOPS (UN Office for Project Services)
- WHO (World Health Organization)
- WFP (World Food Programme)
- ILO (International Labour Organization)
- IOM (International Organization for Migration)
- FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization)
- MACCA (Mine Action Coordination Centre of Afghanistan)
UN Security Council Resolutions related to Afghanistan
- Resolution 8United Nations Security Council Resolution 8United Nations Security Council Resolution 8 was adopted on August 29, 1946 by ten votes to none, with Australia abstaining.Following up on Security Council Resolution 6, the Security Council reviewed requests for membership by People's Republic of Albania, the Mongolian People's Republic,...
(1946) of 29 August - admission as Member of United Nations. - Resolution 622United Nations Security Council Resolution 622United Nations Security Council Resolution 622, adopted unanimously on September 20, 1988, after noting the Geneva Accords agreement signed on April 14, 1988, the Council confirmed the agreement to the measures in the letters of the Secretary-General concerning the settlement of the situation in...
(1988) of 31 October - authorizes UNGOMAP deployment. - Resolution 647United Nations Security Council Resolution 647United Nations Security Council Resolution 647, adopted unanimously on January 11, 1990, after recalling Resolution 622 and a letter by the Secretary-General concerning the settlement of the situation in Afghanistan, the Council endorsed the letter's proposals regarding the United Nations Good...
(1990) of 11 January - extends UNGOMAP for a final two months. - Resolution 1076United Nations Security Council Resolution 1076United Nations Security Council Resolution 1076, adopted unanimously on October 22, 1996, after considering the situation in Afghanistan, resolutions by the General Assembly and the Joint Declaration made on October 4, 1996 by the leaders of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan...
(1996) of 22 October - calls for an end to hostilities, outside interference and supply of arms to the parties to the conflict; denounces discrimination against women and girls in Afghanistan. - Resolution 1193United Nations Security Council Resolution 1193United Nations Security Council Resolution 1193, adopted unanimously on August 28, 1998, after recalling Resolution 1076 concerning Afghanistan, the Council discussed the deteriorating political, military and humanitarian situation in Afghanistan during the ongoing civil war in the country.In the...
(1998) of 28 August - demands an end to hostilities and an investigation into the killing of two UN staff members and the military adviser to the UN Special Mission to Afghanistan. - Resolution 1214United Nations Security Council Resolution 1214United Nations Security Council Resolution 1214, adopted unanimously on December 8, 1998, after recalling resolutions 1076 and 1193 concerning Afghanistan, the Council discussed the deteriorating political, military and humanitarian situation in Afghanistan and established a civil affairs unit as...
(1998) of 8 December - repeats demands of resolution 1193 and reaffirms support for the United Nations Special Mission to Afghanistan. - Resolution 1267United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267, adopted unanimously on October 15, 1999, after recalling resolutions 1189 , 1193 and 1214 on the situation in Afghanistan, the Council established a sanctions regime to cover individuals and entities associated with Al-Qaida, Osama bin Laden and/or...
(1999) of 15 October - demands the Taliban turn over Usama bin Laden, forbids aircraft to take-of or land in Taliban-controlled territory without approval and freezes assets of the Taliban. - Resolution 1333United Nations Security Council Resolution 1333United Nations Security Council Resolution 1333, adopted on December 19, 2000, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, including Resolution 1267 , the Council called for a ban of military assistance to the Taliban, closure of its camps and an end to the provision of...
(2000) of 19 December - repeats demand that the Taliban turn over bin Laden and imposes further measures on their territory pending concurrence with the demand. - Resolution 1363United Nations Security Council Resolution 1363United Nations Security Council Resolution 1363, adopted unanimously on July 30, 2001, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, including resolutions 1267 and 1333 , the Council requested the Secretary-General to establish a mechanism to monitor the implementation of...
(2001) of 30 July - establishes a monitoring mechanism for the measures imposed under the previous two resolutions. - United Nations Security Council Resolution 1383United Nations Security Council Resolution 1383United Nations Security Council Resolution 1383, adopted unanimously on December 6, 2001, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, particularly Resolution 1378 , the Council endorsed the Bonn Agreement signed the previous day concerning the transition period in the...
(2001) of 6 December - endorsed the Bonn AgreementBonn AgreementBonn Agreement could refer to*Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement... - Resolution 1386United Nations Security Council Resolution 1386United Nations Security Council Resolution 1386, adopted unanimously on December 20, 2001, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, particularly resolutions 1378 and 1383 , the Council authorised the establishment of the International Security Assistance Force to assist...
(2001) of 20 December - authorizes the deployment of International Security Assistance ForceInternational Security Assistance ForceThe International Security Assistance Force is a NATO-led security mission in Afghanistan established by the United Nations Security Council on 20 December 2001 by Resolution 1386 as envisaged by the Bonn Agreement...
(ISAF) - Resolution 1401United Nations Security Council Resolution 1401United Nations Security Council Resolution 1401, adopted unanimously on March 28, 2002, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, including resolutions 1378 , 1383 and 1386 , the Council endorsed the establishment of the United Nations Assistance Mission in...
(2002) of 28 March - establishment of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) - United Nations Security Council Resolution 1662United Nations Security Council Resolution 1662United Nations Security Council Resolution 1662, adopted unanimously on March 23, 2006, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Afghanistan, including resolutions 1589 and 1659 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan for an...
(2006) of 23 March - extension of UNAMA's mandate - United Nations Security Council Resolution 1974United Nations Security Council Resolution 1974United Nations Security Council Resolution 1974, adopted unanimously on March 22, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on Afghanistan, in particular 1917 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan for a period of one year until March 23,...
(2011) of 23 March - extension of UNAMA's mandate
See also
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267, adopted unanimously on October 15, 1999, after recalling resolutions 1189 , 1193 and 1214 on the situation in Afghanistan, the Council established a sanctions regime to cover individuals and entities associated with Al-Qaida, Osama bin Laden and/or...
- the Sanctions Regime against Taliban and al Qaeda. - International Security Assistance ForceInternational Security Assistance ForceThe International Security Assistance Force is a NATO-led security mission in Afghanistan established by the United Nations Security Council on 20 December 2001 by Resolution 1386 as envisaged by the Bonn Agreement...
(ISAF) - War in Afghanistan (2001-present)War in Afghanistan (2001–present)The War in Afghanistan began on October 7, 2001, as the armed forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Afghan United Front launched Operation Enduring Freedom...
- List of UN Security Council Resolutions
- Bonn AgreementBonn AgreementBonn Agreement could refer to*Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement *Bonn Agreement...
- United NationsUnited NationsThe United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
- Department of Peacekeeping OperationsDepartment of Peacekeeping OperationsThe Department of Peacekeeping Operations is a department of the United Nations which is charged with the planning, preparation, management and direction of UN peacekeeping operations.-History of the DPKO:...
- United Nations Development Programme
- UN High Commissioner for Refugees
- Hamid KarzaiHamid KarzaiHamid Karzai, GCMG is the 12th and current President of Afghanistan, taking office on 7 December 2004. He became a dominant political figure after the removal of the Taliban regime in late 2001...
- Kofi AnnanKofi AnnanKofi Atta Annan is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the UN from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2006...
- AfghanistanAfghanistanAfghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
- AfghanDemography of AfghanistanThe population of Afghanistan is around 29,835,392 as of the year 2011, which is unclear if the refugees living outside the country are included or not. The nation is composed of a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual society, reflecting its location astride historic trade and invasion routes between...
- Human RightsHuman rightsHuman rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian . These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national...
- Refugees