Treaty 9
Encyclopedia
Treaty 9 was an agreement established in July, 1905, between the Government of Canada
in the name of King Edward VII
and various First Nations
in northern Ontario
. One First Nation community in the bordering Abitibi
region of northwestern Quebec
is included in this treaty. It was also known as the "James Bay Treaty," since the eastern end of the affected treaty territory was at the shore of James Bay
. Additional signings of First Nations, or adhesions, were conducted in 1906. Further adhesions involving the Ojibwa
y and Swampy Cree
tribes were completed in 1929 and 1930.
first Fort Hope signing
Marten Falls signing
Fort Albany signing
Moose Factory signing
New Post signing
Abitibi signing
Matachewan signing
Mattagami signing
Flying Post signing
second Fort Hope signing
New Brunswick House signing
Long Lake signing
Big Trout Lake signing
Windigo River signing
Fort Severn signing
Winisk signing
later adhesions
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
in the name of King Edward VII
Edward VII of the United Kingdom
Edward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...
and various First Nations
First Nations
First Nations is a term that collectively refers to various Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis. There are currently over 630 recognised First Nations governments or bands spread across Canada, roughly half of which are in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia. The...
in northern Ontario
Northern Ontario
Northern Ontario is a region of the Canadian province of Ontario which lies north of Lake Huron , the French River and Lake Nipissing. The region has a land area of 802,000 km2 and constitutes 87% of the land area of Ontario, although it contains only about 6% of the population...
. One First Nation community in the bordering Abitibi
Abitibi Regional County Municipality, Quebec
Abitibi Regional County Municipality is located in Northwestern Quebec. The Regional County Municipality seat is Amos.-Municipalities:*Barraute*Berry*Champneuf*La Corne*La Morandière*La Motte*Preissac*Rochebaucourt*Saint-Dominique-du-Rosaire...
region of northwestern Quebec
Quebec
Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
is included in this treaty. It was also known as the "James Bay Treaty," since the eastern end of the affected treaty territory was at the shore of James Bay
James Bay
James Bay is a large body of water on the southern end of Hudson Bay in Canada. Both bodies of water extend from the Arctic Ocean. James Bay borders the provinces of Quebec and Ontario; islands within the bay are part of Nunavut...
. Additional signings of First Nations, or adhesions, were conducted in 1906. Further adhesions involving the Ojibwa
Ojibwa
The Ojibwe or Chippewa are among the largest groups of Native Americans–First Nations north of Mexico. They are divided between Canada and the United States. In Canada, they are the third-largest population among First Nations, surpassed only by Cree and Inuit...
y and Swampy Cree
Cree
The Cree are one of the largest groups of First Nations / Native Americans in North America, with 200,000 members living in Canada. In Canada, the major proportion of Cree live north and west of Lake Superior, in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and the Northwest Territories, although...
tribes were completed in 1929 and 1930.
Timeline
- 29 June 1905: Duncan C. Scott, Samuel Stewart are appointed as treaty commissioners by the Government of Canada. Daniel G. MacMartin is appointed by the province of Ontario. They would jointly conduct the negotiations with northern Ontario First Nations communities.
- 3 July 1905: Agreement between province of Ontario and the federal Canadian government in support of Treaty 9
- 12 July 1905: Osnaburgh signing
- 19 July 1905: Fort Hope signing
- 25 July 1905: Marten Falls signing
- 3 August 1905: Fort AlbanyFort Albany, OntarioFort Albany First Nation is a community in within the Cochrane District of Northern Ontario, Canada. Situated on the southern shore of the Albany River, Fort Albany First Nation is only accessible by air or by winter road....
signing - 9 August 1905: Moose FactoryMoose Factory, OntarioMoose Factory is a community in the Cochrane District, Ontario, Canada. It is on Moose Factory Island, near the mouth of the Moose River, which is at the southern end of James Bay. It was the first English-speaking settlement in Ontario and the second Hudson's Bay Company post to be set up in North...
signing - 21 August 1905: New PostNew Post, OntarioNew Post, Ontario, also known as Long Portage, was a settlement established in the 19th century as a post between the Ojibways and Crees. There were always approximately 50 people living there....
signing - 7 June 1906: Abitibi signing
- 20 June 1906: MatachewanMatachewan, OntarioMatachewan is a small township in Timiskaming, northeastern Ontario, Canada, located at the end of Ontario Highway 66 along the Montreal River.The town's main economy is based on mineral mining, mainly gold mining, with some tourism.-History:...
signing - 7 July 1906: Mattagami signing
- 16 July 1906: Flying Post signing
- 19 July 1906: Fort Hope signing
- 25 July 1906: New Brunswick House signing
- 9 August 1906: Long LakeLong Lake, OntarioLong Lake, Ontario can mean the following places:*Long Lake, Thunder Bay District, Ontario*Long Lake, Frontenac County, Ontario*Long Lake...
signing - 5 July 1929: Big Trout Lake signing
- 18 July 1930: Windigo River signing
- 25 July 1930: Fort SevernFort Severn, OntarioFort Severn First Nation is located on Hudson Bay and is the most northern community in Ontario, Canada.As of 2001, the population was 401, consisting of 90 families in an area of 40 square kilometres...
signing - 28 July 1930: WiniskWinisk, OntarioWinisk is a small ghost town in extreme Northern Ontario, situated along the Winisk River. It was destroyed in the 1986 Winisk Flood. After the flood, the town was re-located to Peawanuck, Ontario, 30 km inland....
signing
By signatories
Osnaburgh signing- Osnaburgh Band of Ojibway (Historical)
- Cat Lake First NationCat Lake First NationCat Lake First Nation is an Ojibwa community approximately 180 kilometres northwest of Sioux Lookout in northwestern Ontario. Wasaya Airways run daily on regular schedules. Winter/ice roads also connects from Pickle Lake, Ontario, via Northern Ontario Resource Trail during the winter months, which...
- Mishkeegogamang First NationMishkeegogamang First NationMishkeegogamang First Nation, also known as New Osnaburgh, Osnaburgh House, Osnaburgh or "Oz" for short, is an Ojibwa First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is located on Highway 599 in the Kenora District, approximately 20 kilometres south of Pickle Lake...
(formerly known as New Osnaburgh First Nation) - Slate Falls First NationSlate Falls First NationSlate Falls is a First Nation in Ontario....
- Cat Lake First Nation
first Fort Hope signing
- Fort Hope Band of Oji-cree (Historical)
- Eabametoong First NationEabametoong First NationEabametoong, also known as Fort Hope, is an Ojibway First Nation in Kenora District, Ontario, Canada. Located on the shore of Eabamet Lake in the Albany River system, the community is located approximately 300 kilometres northeast of Thunder Bay and is accessible only by airplane to Fort Hope...
(also known as Fort Hope First Nation) - Neskantaga First Nation (also known as Lansdowne House First Nation)
- Nibinamik First NationNibinamik First NationNibinamik First Nation , also known as Summer Beaver Band, is a small Oji-Cree First Nation in Northern Ontario, located on the Summer Beaver Settlement that is connected to the rest of the province by its airport, and a winter/ice road that leads to the Northern Ontario Resource...
(also known as Summer Beaver First Nation) - Webequie First NationWebequie First NationWebequie First Nation is located on the northern peninsula of Eastwood Island on Winisk Lake, 540 km north of the city of Thunder Bay, Ontario. Webequie is a fly-in community with no summer road access. The primary way into the community is by air to Webequie Airport or winter road, which...
- Eabametoong First Nation
Marten Falls signing
- Marten Falls First NationMarten Falls First NationMarten Falls First Nation is an Anishinaabe First Nation located in northern Ontario. The First Nation occupies communities on both sides of the Albany River in Northern Ontario, including Ogoki Post in the Cochrane District and Marten Falls in the Kenora District...
(formerly Marten Falls Band of Oji-Cree) - Constance Lake First NationConstance Lake First NationConstance Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in Cochrane District in northeastern Ontario, Canada, directly north of the community of Calstock along a continuation of Ontario Highway 663...
(formerly English River Band of Oji-Cree)
Fort Albany signing
- Albany First Nation (formerly Fort Albany Band of Cree)
Moose Factory signing
- Moose Cree First NationMoose Cree First NationThe Moose Cree First Nation is a Cree First Nation in northern Ontario, Canada. Since time immemorial, their traditional territory is on the west side of James Bay...
(formerly Moose Factory Band of Cree)
New Post signing
- Taykwa Tagamou First Nation (formerly New Post Band of Cree)
Abitibi signing
- Abitibi Indians (Historical)
- Abitibiwinni First NationAbitibiwinni First NationThe Abitibiwinni First Nation is an Algonquian First Nation in the Canadian province of Quebec, residing primarily in the community of Pikogan in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region....
(formerly Abitibi-Dominion Band of Abitibi Indians) - Wahgoshig First NationWahgoshig First Nation-Services:For the Abitibi village of about 25 ha, the First Nation provides the following services:* band office* health clinic* warehouse / fire hall* public works garage* community hall...
(formerly Abitibi-Ontario Band of Abitibi Indians)
- Abitibiwinni First Nation
Matachewan signing
- Matachewan First Nation (formerly Matchewan Indians)
Mattagami signing
- Mattagami First NationMattagami First NationThe Mattagami First Nation is an Anishnaabe First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. The First Nation members of the community primarily live on the Mattagami 71 reserve in the Sudbury District near Gogama...
(formerly Mattagami Indians)
Flying Post signing
- Flying Post First Nation (formerly Flying Post Indians)
second Fort Hope signing
- Chapleau Ojibway First NationChapleau Ojibway First NationThe people of Chapleau Ojibwe First Nation live on the only Ojibway based reserve in the Chapleau area. Their historical kinship and relationship with the land therefore draws them west to the shores of Lake Superior and south to the shores of Lake Huron, rather than north into Cree territory to...
(formerly Chapleau Band of Ojibway) - Chapleau Cree First NationChapleau Cree First NationChapleau Cree First Nation is a Mushkegowuk Cree First Nation located by Chapleau Township, Sudbury District, Ontario, Canada. The First Nation have reserved for themselves the Chapleau 75 Indian Reserve and the Chapleau Cree Indian Reserve...
(formerly Chapleau Community of Moose Factory Band of Cree)
New Brunswick House signing
- Brunswick House First NationBrunswick House First NationBrunswick House First Nation is an Ojibway-Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Sudbury District, northeast of Sault Ste Marie, Ontario. The First Nation have reserved for themselves the Mountbatten 76A Indian Reserve and the Duck Lake 76B Indian Reserve...
(formerly New Brunswick House Band of Ojibway)
Long Lake signing
- Ginoogaming First NationGinoogaming First NationGinoogaming First Nation is a small Anishinaabe First Nation located in Northern Ontario, located approximately 40 km east of Geraldton, Ontario, Canada, on the northern shore of Long Lake, immediately south of Long Lake 58 First Nation and the community of Longlac, Ontario...
(formerly Long Lake Band of Ojibway)
Big Trout Lake signing
- Big Trout Lake Band of Oji-cree (Historical)
- Bearskin Lake First NationBearskin Lake First NationBearskin Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Kenora District 425 kilometres north of Sioux Lookout. Bearskin First Nation's total registered population in September, 2007, was 831, of which their on-reserve population was 423.Three...
- Kasabonika Lake First Nation
- Kingfisher First NationKingfisher First NationKingfisher First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation located north of Sioux Lookout, Ontario. It is accessible by air all year round, waterways during summer and ice roads in winter...
- Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug First NationKitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug First NationKitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug , also known as Big Trout Lake First Nation or KI for short, is a First Nations community in Northwestern Ontario. Part of Treaty 9...
- Muskrat Dam Lake First NationMuskrat Dam Lake First NationThe Muskrat Dam Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in Northern Ontario. They reside on the Muskrat Dam Lake reserve, located on Muskrat Dam Lake in the Kenora District. The community of Muskrat Dam, Ontario, is located on this reserve...
- Sachigo Lake First NationSachigo Lake First NationSachigo Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in Unorganized Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is located on Sachigo Lake, part of the Sachigo River system and Hudson Bay drainage basin, approximately north of the town of Sioux Lookout...
- Wapekeka First NationWapekeka First NationWapekeka First Nation is a First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. An Oji-Cree community in the Kenora District, the community is located approximately 450 kilometres northeast of Sioux Lookout...
- Wawakapewin First NationWawakapewin First NationWawakapewin First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation located 350 kilometers north of Sioux Lookout, Ontario. More specifically in geological terms, it is located at . It is only accessible by air and the winter road system from Pickle Lake. It is a small community in which the registered...
- Wunnumin Lake First NationWunnumin Lake First NationWunnumin Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation located 360 km northeast of Sioux Lookout in Ontario, Canada...
- Bearskin Lake First Nation
Windigo River signing
- Caribou Lake Band of Oji-cree (Historical)
- McDowell Lake First NationMcDowell Lake First NationMcDowell Lake First Nation is a small Oji-Cree First Nation located in Northern Ontario, located approximately 155 km northeast of Red Lake, Ontario, Canada, on the central western shore of McDowell Lake. As of December, 2007, their total registered population was 52...
- North Caribou Lake First NationNorth Caribou Lake First NationNorth Caribou Lake First Nation or Weagamow First Nation, sometimes also known as Round Lake First Nation, is an Oji-Cree First Nation located in Kenora District in northern Ontario, Canada. It is approximately 320 km or 202 air miles north of Sioux Lookout, Ontario...
- McDowell Lake First Nation
- Deer Lake Band of Oji-cree (Historical)
- Deer Lake First NationDeer Lake First NationDeer Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in Northern Ontario, located north of Red Lake, Ontario. It is one of the few First Nations in Ontario to have signed Treaty 5. It is part of the Keewaytinook Okimakanak Council and the Nishnawbe Aski Nation...
- Keewaywin First NationKeewaywin First NationKeewaywin is a small Oji-Cree community in Northern Ontario, located north of Red Lake, Ontario. It is connected to Sandy Lake First Nation by Sandy Lake. It is part of the Keewaytinook Okimakanak Council and the Nishnawbe Aski Nation...
- Sandy Lake First NationSandy Lake First NationSandy Lake First Nation is an independent Oji-Cree First Nation. The First Nation community, in the west part of Northern Ontario, is located in the Kenora District, northeast of Red Lake, Ontario. Its registered population in June 2007 was 2,474...
- Deer Lake First Nation
Fort Severn signing
- Fort Severn First Nation
Winisk signing
- Weenusk First NationWeenusk First NationWeenusk First Nation ; unpointed: ᐧᐃᓇᐢᑯ ᐃᓂᓂᐧᐊᐠ) is a Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. In September, 2007, its total registered population was 516...
(formerly Winisk Band of Cree) - Attawapiskat First NationAttawapiskat First NationAttawapiskat First Nation is an isolated First Nation located in Kenora District in northern Ontario, Canada, at the mouth of the Attawapiskat River at James Bay...
(formerly Attawapiskat Band of Cree)
later adhesions
- Aroland First NationAroland First NationAroland is an Ojibwa and Oji-Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Thunder Bay District approximately 20 kilometres west of Nakina...
- Missanabie Cree First NationMissanabie Cree First Nation-Historical Timeline:Evidence and records suggest that by as early as the 1570s, members of the Missanabie Cree had settled in the areas surrounding present day Missinaibi Lake, Dog Lake and Wabatongushi Lake...
Alphabetically
- Abitibiwinni First NationAbitibiwinni First NationThe Abitibiwinni First Nation is an Algonquian First Nation in the Canadian province of Quebec, residing primarily in the community of Pikogan in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region....
(Quebec) - Albany First Nation
- Aroland First NationAroland First NationAroland is an Ojibwa and Oji-Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Thunder Bay District approximately 20 kilometres west of Nakina...
- Attawapiskat First NationAttawapiskat First NationAttawapiskat First Nation is an isolated First Nation located in Kenora District in northern Ontario, Canada, at the mouth of the Attawapiskat River at James Bay...
- Bearskin Lake First NationBearskin Lake First NationBearskin Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Kenora District 425 kilometres north of Sioux Lookout. Bearskin First Nation's total registered population in September, 2007, was 831, of which their on-reserve population was 423.Three...
- Brunswick House First NationBrunswick House First NationBrunswick House First Nation is an Ojibway-Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Sudbury District, northeast of Sault Ste Marie, Ontario. The First Nation have reserved for themselves the Mountbatten 76A Indian Reserve and the Duck Lake 76B Indian Reserve...
- Cat Lake First NationCat Lake First NationCat Lake First Nation is an Ojibwa community approximately 180 kilometres northwest of Sioux Lookout in northwestern Ontario. Wasaya Airways run daily on regular schedules. Winter/ice roads also connects from Pickle Lake, Ontario, via Northern Ontario Resource Trail during the winter months, which...
- Chapleau Cree First NationChapleau Cree First NationChapleau Cree First Nation is a Mushkegowuk Cree First Nation located by Chapleau Township, Sudbury District, Ontario, Canada. The First Nation have reserved for themselves the Chapleau 75 Indian Reserve and the Chapleau Cree Indian Reserve...
- Chapleau Ojibway First NationChapleau Ojibway First NationThe people of Chapleau Ojibwe First Nation live on the only Ojibway based reserve in the Chapleau area. Their historical kinship and relationship with the land therefore draws them west to the shores of Lake Superior and south to the shores of Lake Huron, rather than north into Cree territory to...
- Constance Lake First NationConstance Lake First NationConstance Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in Cochrane District in northeastern Ontario, Canada, directly north of the community of Calstock along a continuation of Ontario Highway 663...
- Eabametoong First NationEabametoong First NationEabametoong, also known as Fort Hope, is an Ojibway First Nation in Kenora District, Ontario, Canada. Located on the shore of Eabamet Lake in the Albany River system, the community is located approximately 300 kilometres northeast of Thunder Bay and is accessible only by airplane to Fort Hope...
- Flying Post First Nation
- Fort Severn First Nation
- Ginoogaming First NationGinoogaming First NationGinoogaming First Nation is a small Anishinaabe First Nation located in Northern Ontario, located approximately 40 km east of Geraldton, Ontario, Canada, on the northern shore of Long Lake, immediately south of Long Lake 58 First Nation and the community of Longlac, Ontario...
- Kasabonika Lake First Nation
- Keewaywin First NationKeewaywin First NationKeewaywin is a small Oji-Cree community in Northern Ontario, located north of Red Lake, Ontario. It is connected to Sandy Lake First Nation by Sandy Lake. It is part of the Keewaytinook Okimakanak Council and the Nishnawbe Aski Nation...
- Kingfisher First NationKingfisher First NationKingfisher First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation located north of Sioux Lookout, Ontario. It is accessible by air all year round, waterways during summer and ice roads in winter...
- Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug First NationKitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug First NationKitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug , also known as Big Trout Lake First Nation or KI for short, is a First Nations community in Northwestern Ontario. Part of Treaty 9...
- Matachewan First Nation
- Mishkeegogamang First NationMishkeegogamang First NationMishkeegogamang First Nation, also known as New Osnaburgh, Osnaburgh House, Osnaburgh or "Oz" for short, is an Ojibwa First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is located on Highway 599 in the Kenora District, approximately 20 kilometres south of Pickle Lake...
- Missanabie Cree First NationMissanabie Cree First Nation-Historical Timeline:Evidence and records suggest that by as early as the 1570s, members of the Missanabie Cree had settled in the areas surrounding present day Missinaibi Lake, Dog Lake and Wabatongushi Lake...
- Neskantaga First Nation
- Nibinamik First NationNibinamik First NationNibinamik First Nation , also known as Summer Beaver Band, is a small Oji-Cree First Nation in Northern Ontario, located on the Summer Beaver Settlement that is connected to the rest of the province by its airport, and a winter/ice road that leads to the Northern Ontario Resource...
- Mattagami First NationMattagami First NationThe Mattagami First Nation is an Anishnaabe First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. The First Nation members of the community primarily live on the Mattagami 71 reserve in the Sudbury District near Gogama...
- Muskrat Dam Lake First NationMuskrat Dam Lake First NationThe Muskrat Dam Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in Northern Ontario. They reside on the Muskrat Dam Lake reserve, located on Muskrat Dam Lake in the Kenora District. The community of Muskrat Dam, Ontario, is located on this reserve...
- Marten Falls First NationMarten Falls First NationMarten Falls First Nation is an Anishinaabe First Nation located in northern Ontario. The First Nation occupies communities on both sides of the Albany River in Northern Ontario, including Ogoki Post in the Cochrane District and Marten Falls in the Kenora District...
- McDowell Lake First NationMcDowell Lake First NationMcDowell Lake First Nation is a small Oji-Cree First Nation located in Northern Ontario, located approximately 155 km northeast of Red Lake, Ontario, Canada, on the central western shore of McDowell Lake. As of December, 2007, their total registered population was 52...
- Moose Cree First NationMoose Cree First NationThe Moose Cree First Nation is a Cree First Nation in northern Ontario, Canada. Since time immemorial, their traditional territory is on the west side of James Bay...
- North Caribou Lake First NationNorth Caribou Lake First NationNorth Caribou Lake First Nation or Weagamow First Nation, sometimes also known as Round Lake First Nation, is an Oji-Cree First Nation located in Kenora District in northern Ontario, Canada. It is approximately 320 km or 202 air miles north of Sioux Lookout, Ontario...
- Sachigo Lake First NationSachigo Lake First NationSachigo Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation in Unorganized Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is located on Sachigo Lake, part of the Sachigo River system and Hudson Bay drainage basin, approximately north of the town of Sioux Lookout...
- Slate Falls Nation
- Taykwa Tagamou First Nation
- Wahgoshig First NationWahgoshig First Nation-Services:For the Abitibi village of about 25 ha, the First Nation provides the following services:* band office* health clinic* warehouse / fire hall* public works garage* community hall...
- Wapekeka First NationWapekeka First NationWapekeka First Nation is a First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. An Oji-Cree community in the Kenora District, the community is located approximately 450 kilometres northeast of Sioux Lookout...
- Wawakapewin First NationWawakapewin First NationWawakapewin First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation located 350 kilometers north of Sioux Lookout, Ontario. More specifically in geological terms, it is located at . It is only accessible by air and the winter road system from Pickle Lake. It is a small community in which the registered...
- Webequie First NationWebequie First NationWebequie First Nation is located on the northern peninsula of Eastwood Island on Winisk Lake, 540 km north of the city of Thunder Bay, Ontario. Webequie is a fly-in community with no summer road access. The primary way into the community is by air to Webequie Airport or winter road, which...
- Weenusk First NationWeenusk First NationWeenusk First Nation ; unpointed: ᐧᐃᓇᐢᑯ ᐃᓂᓂᐧᐊᐠ) is a Cree First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario. In September, 2007, its total registered population was 516...
- Wunnumin Lake First NationWunnumin Lake First NationWunnumin Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nation located 360 km northeast of Sioux Lookout in Ontario, Canada...
See also
- List of treaties
- Nishnawbe Aski NationNishnawbe Aski NationNishnawbe Aski Nation is a political organization representing 49 First Nation communities across Treaty 9 and Treaty 5 areas of northern Ontario, Canada...
- The Canadian Crown and First Nations, Inuit and MétisThe Canadian Crown and First Nations, Inuit and MétisThe association between the Canadian Crown and Aboriginal peoples of Canada stretches back to the first interactions between North American indigenous peoples and European colonialists and, over centuries of interface, treaties were established concerning the monarch and aboriginal tribes...