Thiodina
Encyclopedia
Spider
Spiders are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, and chelicerae with fangs that inject venom. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all other groups of organisms...
genus of the Salticidae family (jumping spiders). Thiodina species are endemic to North and South America, ranging from New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
to Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
. All members of the genus have two pairs of bulbous spines on the ventral side of the first tibiae. The function of these spines is unknown.
Species
Twenty species of Thiodina are recognized:- Thiodina branicki (TaczanowskiWladyslaw TaczanowskiWładysław Taczanowski was a Polish zoologist.-Life:A member of an old noble magnate family from the Poznań region, Taczanowski is considered one of the most important European zoologists of the nineteenth century...
, 1871) — VenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
, GuyanaGuyanaGuyana , officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, previously the colony of British Guiana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana was a former colony of the Dutch and of the British...
, French GuianaFrench GuianaFrench Guiana is an overseas region of France, consisting of a single overseas department located on the northern Atlantic coast of South America. It has borders with two nations, Brazil to the east and south, and Suriname to the west... - Thiodina candida Mello-LeitãoCândido Firmino de Mello-LeitãoCândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão, , was a Brazilian zoologist who is considered the founder of Arachnology in South America, publishing 198 papers on the taxonomy of Arachnida...
, 1922 — BrazilBrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people... - Thiodina cockerelli (Peckham & PeckhamGeorge and Elizabeth PeckhamGeorge Williams Peckham and Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham were early American teachers, taxonomists, ethologists, arachnologists, and entomologists, specializing in animal behavior and in the study of jumping spiders and wasps.-Lives and careers:George Peckham was born in Albany,...
, 1901) — HispaniolaHispaniolaHispaniola is a major island in the Caribbean, containing the two sovereign states of the Dominican Republic and Haiti. The island is located between the islands of Cuba to the west and Puerto Rico to the east, within the hurricane belt...
, JamaicaJamaicaJamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic... - Thiodina crucifera (F. O. P-CambridgeFrederick Octavius Pickard-CambridgeFrederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge was an English arachnologist. He is often confused with his uncle, Octavius Pickard-Cambridge , who was also an arachnologist and from whom F. O. Pickard-Cambridge picked up his enthusiasm for the study of spiders.-Life:F. O. Pickard-Cambridge was born in...
, 1901) — PanamaPanamaPanama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The... - Thiodina germaini Simon, 1900 — Brazil, ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
- Thiodina hespera Richman & Vetter, 2004 — United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, MexicoMexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of... - Thiodina inerma Bryant, 1940 — CubaCubaThe Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
- Thiodina melanogaster Mello-Leitão, 1917 — Brazil
- Thiodina nicoleti RoewerCarl Friedrich RoewerCarl Friedrich Roewer was a German arachnologist. He concentrated on harvestmen, where he described almost a third of today's known species, but also almost 700 taxa of spiders and numerous Solifugae....
, 1951 — ChileChileChile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far... - Thiodina pallida (C. L. KochCarl Ludwig KochCarl Ludwig Koch was a German entomologist and arachnologist. He was responsible for classifying a great number of spiders, including the Brazilian whiteknee tarantula and Common house spider. He was born in Kusel, Germany and died in Nuremberg, Germany.Carl Ludwig Koch was an inspector of water...
, 1846) — ColombiaColombiaColombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
to Argentina - Thiodina peckhami (Bryant, 1940) — Cuba
- Thiodina pseustes ChamberlinRalph Vary ChamberlinRalph Vary Chamberlin was an American zoologist from Salt Lake City, Utah. He received his PhD from Cornell University in 1904. He was a professor of zoology at Brigham Young University from 1908-1911, and at the University of Utah from 1925-1938....
& IvieWilton IvieWilton Ivie was an American entomologist, who descriped Arachnida-species. . He was employed by the American Museum of Natural History in New York.Wilton Ivie: B.S., M.S. in biology from University of Utah....
, 1936 — Panama - Thiodina puerperaThiodina puerperaThiodina puerpera is a species of jumping spider commonly found in the eastern United States. Its range stretches along the Gulf Coast from Florida to Texas, and north to Kansas, Illinois, and Pennsylvania. It is usually found in grassy areas during the warmer months of the year. Adult females are...
(HentzNicholas Marcellus HentzNicholas Marcellus Hentz was a French American arachnologist. Hentz was born in Versailles, France. He immigrated to the United States in 1816 and became a pioneering zoologist in the field of arachnology....
, 1846) — eastern United States - Thiodina punctulata Mello-Leitão, 1917 — Brazil
- Thiodina rishwani Makhan, 2006 — Surinam
- Thiodina robusta Mello-Leitão, 1945 — Argentina
- Thiodina setosa Mello-Leitão, 1947 — Brazil
- Thiodina sylvana (Hentz, 1846) — United States to Panama
- Thiodina vaccula Simon, 1900 — Peru, Brazil
- Thiodina vellardi Soares & Camargo, 1948 — Brazil
Videos
- David Edwin Hill: Male Thiodina sylvana feeding on Oxyopes salticusOxyopes salticusOxyopes salticus is a species of lynx spider....
— Video 220 Mb - David Edwin Hill: Movement of the articulated pretarsal claws and footpads by a walking jumping spider, Thiodina sylvana — Video 218 Mb
- David Edwin Hill: Thiodina sylvana feeding on Leucauge venustaLeucauge venustaThe orchard spider is a long-jawed orbweaver spider that occurs from southern Canada to Panama, along the East coast, reaching into the central US. The web is often oriented horizontally, with the spider hanging down in the center.It is distinctively colored, with leaf-green legs and sides...
— Video - David Edwin Hill: Thiodina sylvana walking and turning slowly — Video