The Varsitarian
Encyclopedia
The Varsitarian is the official Student Publication of the University of Santo Tomas
University of Santo Tomas
The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines , is a private Roman Catholic university run by the Order of Preachers in Manila. Founded on April 28, 1611 by archbishop of Manila Miguel de Benavides, it has the oldest extant university charter in the...

 (UST). Founded in January 1928, It is one of first student newspapers in the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

. It is published fortnightly. The lampoon issue is The Vuisitarian. It is the only student paper in the country to merit an entry in the Cultural Center of the Philippines
Cultural Center of the Philippines
The Cultural Center of the Philippines is a government-owned and controlled corporation established to preserve, develop and promote arts and culture in the Philippines. The CCP was established through Executive Order No. 30 s. 1966 by President Ferdinand Marcos...

 "Encyclopedia for the Arts" because of its literary record. Tomas U. Santos, the mascot of The Varsitarian, is a Thomasian
University of Santo Tomas
The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines , is a private Roman Catholic university run by the Order of Preachers in Manila. Founded on April 28, 1611 by archbishop of Manila Miguel de Benavides, it has the oldest extant university charter in the...

 who represents the students of the campus. He is usually seen accompanied by a talking, and quite a cynical, T-square.

Through the years, the pages of The Varsitarian would be graced by some of the most sterling names in Philippine journalism, titans of Philippine Literature and other Varsitarian alumni who distinguished themselves in public service and in other fields

History

The first issue of The Varsitarian came off the press on January 16, 1928, with Pablo Anido as the first editor-in-chief. Anido was the president of the Literary Club, and when Jose Villa Panganiban
Jose Villa Panganiban
Jose Villa Panganiban: JOSE VILLA PANGANIBANLexicographer, professor, linguist, poet, playwright, author, lyricist. Jose Villa Panganiban was a prolific writer, with over 1,000 works to his name...

, dubbed as the Father of The Varsitarian, proposed to then Rector Rev. Fr. Serapio Tamayo, O.P. the formation of a student paper, the Literary Club was converted into The Varsitarian.

The Varsitarian is one of the founding members of the College Editors Guild of the Philippines, along with The GUIDON
The GUIDON
The GUIDON is the official student newspaper of the Ateneo de Manila University. It is a part of the Ateneo's Confederation of Publications , including Heights and Matanglawin...

 of the Ateneo de Manila
Ateneo de Manila University
The Ateneo de Manila University is a private teaching and research university run by the Society of Jesus in the Philippines. It began in 1859 when the City of Manila handed control of the Escuela Municipal de Manila in Intramuros, Manila, to the Jesuits...

, The Philippine Collegian
The Philippine Collegian
Philippine Collegian is the official student publication of the University of the Philippines Diliman. It is more commonly known to UP students as Kulê . It is known for its radical, often anti-administration views...

 of the University of the Philippines Diliman and The National of National University (Philippines)
National University (Philippines)
National University is a university in Manila, Philippines.It is a founding member of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines and is a pioneer of the Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities...

. The paper launched its online edition on July 2000.

Throughout the Martial Law period
History of the Philippines (1965-1986)
This article covers the history of the Philippines during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos. The Marcos era includes the final years of the Third Republic and the entirety of the Fourth Republic .-Marcos Administration :...

, when all publication was suppressed by the state, The Varsitarian was one of the few publications allowed to continue, covering events such as the massive funeral of slain former senator and Marcos foe Benigno Aquino, Jr.
Benigno Aquino, Jr.
Benigno Simeon "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. was a Filipino Senator and a former Governor of Tarlac. Aquino, together with Gerry Roxas and Jovito Salonga, formed the leadership of the opposition to the Marcos regime in the years leading to the imposition of martial law in the Philippines...

, which was largely ignored by the mainstream media.

The Varsitarian's investigative report on corruption in the Reserved Officers Training Corps (ROTC) precipitated the abolition of the mandatory military training course but led to the murder of the source of the expose, UST ROTC cadet Mark Chua
Mark Chua
Mark Welson Chua was a student of the University of Santo Tomas whose death is widely believed to be linked to his exposé of alleged irregularities in the Reserved Officers Training Corps Unit of the university...

. It was one of the first to support the call of Cardinal Jaime L. Sin for the resignation of President
President of the Philippines
The President of the Philippines is the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines...

 Joseph Estrada
Joseph Estrada
Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada was the 13th President of the Philippines, serving from 1998 until 2001. Estrada was the first person in the Post-EDSA era to be elected both to the presidency and vice-presidency.Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, playing the lead role in over 100 films in...

 over a scandal involving illegal gambling and tobacco tax kickbacks. This led to Estradas impeachment and ouster in a public uprising.

Sections

Aside from the usual News, Opinion, Literary, Filipino, Features and Sports sections of the paper, it also caters to religion with Witness, Sci-Tech for Science and Technology, critique and art appreciation with Circle, and investigative reports with Special Reports, a comic page with Limelight and artistic photography with Lenspeak that had evolved from its Photo of the Month. The Varsitarian has a readership of 50,000 within and outside the university. It sends copies to schools and universities nationwide and to other international and Catholic Universities worldwide. Aside from schools, The Varsitarian copies also reach foreign consular offices, the Senate, the House of Representatives, the Supreme Court, and other government offices in the Philippines. The Varsitarian also reaches the offices of Catholic ministries, non-government organizations, and other media companies in the country.
Editorial Board (Academic Year 2011–2012)
Editor-in-chief Alexis Ailex C. VIllamor
Managing Editor John Ernest F. Jose
Associate Editor Rommel Marvin C. Rio
News Editor Camille Anne M. Arcilla
Sports Editor Anne Marie Carmela L. Dayauon
Special Reports Editor Charmaine M. Parado
Features Editor Jennifer M. Orillaza
Literary Editor Azer N. Parrocha
Patnugot ng Filipino Patricia Isabela B. Evangelista
Witness Editor Brylle B. Tabora
Sci-Tech Editor Antonio Ramon H. Royandoyan
Circle Editor Alyosha J. Robillos
Art Director Carla T. Gamalinda
Photography Editor Jilson Seckler C. Tiu
Assistant Photography Editor Isabela A. Martinez

Other Publications

Aside from the newspaper, the paper also releases Montage, a literary folio, Breaktime, the official magazine of The Varsitarian, Sports Magazine, a magazine featuring Thomasian Athletes and Amihan, a magazine featuring The Varsitarian alumni.

Extra-Editorial Activities

The Varsitarian, aside from being a student publication also organizes different extra-editorial activities like the Pautakan, a university-wide quiz competition, started on January 1977, is the longest running quiz contest in the country. Inkblots, started in 1999 by former Varsitarian Editor-in-Chief, Christian Esguerra, is an annual national journalism seminar. The Varsitarian has been awarding outstanding Thomasian Literary men and women as early as 1959 through an annual literary contest known as the Rectors Literary Award. In 1986, Victor Emmanuel “Vim” Nadera, Jr., former Varsitarian Editor-In-Chief, stirred the embers in a struggle to revive Thomasian literature to its greatness, thus, the Gawad Ustetika was born. "Ustetika" came from the words "UST" and "estetika" (aesthetics). The Gawad Ustetika is the only university-wide literary contest in the country., CineVita, an annual film festival that showcases independent films, documentaries, and shorts from amateur to distinguished Filipino directors. CineVita came from cinema and vita (life). The CineVita Film Workshop, launched in April 2009 and facilitated by award-winning independent filmmaker Jim Libiran, aims to "nurture" future film makers. The Jose Villa Panganiban Professorial Chair for Journalism lecture, established in 1999 through an endowment by the Varsitarian, led by then editor-in-chief Christian Esguerra, is an annual lecture on currents and issues on journalism and the media arts. The Ustetika Palihang Pampanitikan para sa Katha now the Varsitarian Fiction Workshop, started in 2004, is the literary workshop organized by the paper.

Ang Parangal Hagbong

Ang Parangal Hagbong or The Hagbong Award in English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...

 is an award given by The Varsitarian for select Men and Women who made a significant contribution for Philippine Arts and Literature. Hagbong came from an old word from the Quezon Province. Hagbong is an ancient headwear that symbolizes social status. It is usually made from 2 leaves joined together and is then placed on the head of the awardee that showed excellence in Arts and Literature.

Awardees:
1997 - Rolando Tinio and Rogelio Sicat

1998 - Genoveva Edroza-Matute

1999 - J. Elizalde Navarro

2000 - Erma Cuizon, Reynaldo Duque, and Ponciano Pineda

2001 - Lilia Pablo-Amansec

2002 - Bienvenido Lumbera

2003 - Sr. Delia Coronel, ICM

2004 - Ben Villar Condino, Nick Joaquin, and Wilfrido "Ding" Nolledo

2005 - Zenaida Amador, F. Sionil Jose, and Magdalena Sayas

2006 - Gloria Garchitorena-Goloy and Doris Trinidad-Gamalinda

2007 - Bella Angeles-Abangan and Cirilo Bautista

2008 - Ophelia Alcantara-Dimalanta

2009 - Nita Umali-Berthelsen and Teo Antonio

2010 - Daisy Hontiveros-Avellana

Notable alumni

The Varsitarian has produced Literary Titans, Respected Journalists, and Civil and Ecclesiastical leaders. To name a few are:
  • A. O. Flores
  • Albert Casuga
    Albert Casuga
    Albert B. Casuga, is a notable Philippines-born Canadian writer. He lives in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, where he continues to write poetry, fiction, and criticism after his retirement from teaching. He served as an elected member of his region's school board. He was nominated to the...

  • Alfredo Saulo
  • Alice Colet Villadolid - Former Philippine Press Institute Executive Director
  • Antonio Lopez
  • Antonio Siddayao - "Dean of Local Sports Writers"
  • Arsenio H. Lacson - Late Manila
    Manila
    Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...

     Mayor
  • Artemio Casas - Late Manila
    Manila
    Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...

     Archbishop
  • Bienvenido Lumbera
    Bienvenido Lumbera
    Bienvenido Lumbera is a prizewinning poet, critic and dramatist from the Philippines.He is a National Artist of the Philippines and a recipient of the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communications...

     - National Artist for Literature
    National Artist of the Philippines
    A National Artist of the Philippines is a title given to a Filipino who has been given the highest recognition for having made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts...

    , 1993 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts, Gawad CCP, Gawad Pambansang Alagad ni Balagtas, Manila Critics Circle, Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

    , Professor Emeritus, University of the Philippines
    University of the Philippines
    The ' is the national university of the Philippines. Founded in 1908 through Act No...

  • Celso Al Carunungan - 8th FAMAS (1959) Awards for Original Story: Biyaya ng Lupa and nominee for screenplay: Biyaya ng Lupa [with Pablo Naval]
  • Cesar Leyco Aguila
  • Charlotte Tang - Foreign Service Officer, Department of Foreign Affairs
  • Cristina Pantoja-Hidalgo
    Cristina Pantoja-Hidalgo
    Cristina Pantoja-Hidalgo is an award-winning Filipina fictionist, critic and pioneering writer of creative nonfiction....

     - Vice President for Public Affairs and Professor of English, comparative literature and creative writing at the University of the Philippines
    University of the Philippines
    The ' is the national university of the Philippines. Founded in 1908 through Act No...

    , Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

     for Short Fiction, Essay and the Novel, Philippine Graphic Awards for Fiction, Philippines Free Press Awards for Fiction, Focus Awards for Fiction, National Book Awards, British Council Fellowship to Cambridge, U.P. Presidents Award for Outstanding Publication, U.P. Gawad Chancellor for Artist of the Year, Outstanding Thomasian Writer Award, U.P. Gawad Chancellor Hall of Fame Award, U.P. System International Publication Awards, Henry Lee Irwin Professorial Chair in Creative Writing, Ateneo de Manila University
    Ateneo de Manila University
    The Ateneo de Manila University is a private teaching and research university run by the Society of Jesus in the Philippines. It began in 1859 when the City of Manila handed control of the Escuela Municipal de Manila in Intramuros, Manila, to the Jesuits...

    .
  • Cirilo Bautista
    Cirilo Bautista
    Cirilo F. Bautista is a multi-awarded Filipino poet, fictionist, critic and writer of nonfiction. He received his basic education from Legarda Elementary School and Mapa High School . He received his degrees in AB Literature from the University of Santo Tomas , MA Literature from St...

     - Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

     and Hall of Famer, Free Press, National Book Award, Gawad Balagtas, the Pablo Ro man Prize, 1993 Makata ng Taon, Centennial Prize for the epic in 1998.
  • J. Elizalde Navarro - National Artist for the Visual Arts
    National Artist of the Philippines
    A National Artist of the Philippines is a title given to a Filipino who has been given the highest recognition for having made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts...

  • Emmanuel Pelaez
    Emmanuel Pelaez
    Emmanuel Neri Pelaez was a politician and Vice-President of the Philippines.-Early life and career:Pelaez was born in Medina, Misamis Oriental to Gregorio Pelaez, Sr. and Felipa Neri. He was fourth among eight children: Rosario, Concepcion, Gregorio Jr., Emmanuel, Jose Ma., Lourdes , Antonio, and...

     - Former Vice President of the Philippines
    Vice President of the Philippines
    -Description:The Vice-President is the first in the Philippine line of succession, assuming the Presidency upon the death, resignation, or removal by impeachment and subsequent conviction of the incumbent. The position was abolished by Martial Law in 1972, and was not included in the original text...

  • Eric Gamalinda - Palanca Award for a one act play (1981), poetry (1985), Focus magazine award for poetry (1981), Associate fellow of the Philippine Literary Arts Council, Asian American Literary Award in 2000.
  • Eugenia Duran-Apostol - Philippine Daily Inquirer
    Philippine Daily Inquirer
    The Philippine Daily Inquirer, popularly known as the Inquirer, is the most widely read broadsheet newspaper in the Philippines, with a daily circulation of 260,000 copies. It is one of the Philippines' newspapers of record...

     founder, 2004 and First Gawad Plaridel Award
    Gawad Plaridel Award
    The U.P. Gawad Plaridel is the sole award in the University of the Philippines System given to outstanding media practitioners.The Gawad bestows honor on Filipino media practitioners who have excelled in any of the media and performed with the highest level of professional integrity in the...

    , 2006 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature & Creative Communication Arts Awards
  • F. Sionil José
    F. Sionil José
    F. Sionil José or in full Francisco Sionil José is one of the most widely-read Filipino writers in the English language. His novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society...

     - National Artist for Literature
    National Artist of the Philippines
    A National Artist of the Philippines is a title given to a Filipino who has been given the highest recognition for having made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts...

  • Federico Licsi Espino - Palanca Award One-Act Play 1973.
  • Felix Bautista
  • Francisco Tatad
    Francisco Tatad
    Francisco “Kit” Tatad is a political figure in the Philippines.-Journalist:Tatad practiced journalism as a wire service reporter for the Agence France-Presse...

     - Former Senator of the Philippines, journalist, reporter, columnist for Manila Bulletin
    Manila Bulletin
    The Manila Bulletin , is the Philippines' largest broadsheet newspaper by circulation, followed by the Philippine Daily Inquirer. It bills itself as "The Nation's Leading Newspaper", which is its official slogan...

    , correspondent for the Agence France-Presse, Former Minister for Public Information (1969–1980), Editor-in-Chief and publisher for Philippines Newsday (1989 to 1991).
  • Fred Marquez
  • Francisco Tatad
    Francisco Tatad
    Francisco “Kit” Tatad is a political figure in the Philippines.-Journalist:Tatad practiced journalism as a wire service reporter for the Agence France-Presse...

     - Former Philippine Senator
  • Jake Macasaet
  • Jess Sison - Press Secretary (1993 to 1995), chairman of the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (1995 to 1998)
  • Joe Burgos - Pioneer of the so-called mosquito press during the Marcos dictatorship, Founded the "Ang Pahayagang Malaya" (Independent Newspaper) in early 1983, “International Journalist of the Year” at the UN headquarters in New York, named one of the 50 “World Press Freedom Heroes of the Century” by the International Press Institute.
  • Joe Guevarra
  • José Wendell Capili
    José Wendell Capili
    is a writer and academic from the Philippines. He earned degrees from the University of Santo Tomas, University of the Philippines, University of Tokyo , University of Cambridge and Australian National University...

     - Professor of English and Comparative Literature, University of the Philippines
    University of the Philippines
    The ' is the national university of the Philippines. Founded in 1908 through Act No...

  • Jose Fernando Syquia -Doctor of Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Juan Frivaldo - Late Sorsogon
    Sorsogon
    Sorsogon is a province of the Philippines located in the Bicol Region; it is the southernmost province in Luzon and is subdivided into fourteen municipalities and one city. Its capital is Sorsogon City and borders the province of Albay to the north...

     Governor
  • Julie Yap-Daza - Author, Columnist, Media Personality and Outstanding Journalist Awardee,
  • Jose Bautista - "Giant of Philippine Journalism"
  • Lito Zulueta
  • Mario Hernando
  • Neal Cruz - Columnist, Philippine Daily Inquirer
    Philippine Daily Inquirer
    The Philippine Daily Inquirer, popularly known as the Inquirer, is the most widely read broadsheet newspaper in the Philippines, with a daily circulation of 260,000 copies. It is one of the Philippines' newspapers of record...

  • Norma Miraflor - Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

     1972 Short Story in Filipino
  • Ophelia Alcantara Dimalanta
    Ophelia Alcantara Dimalanta
    Ophelia Alcantara Dimalanta was a poet, editor, author, and teacher. One of the country's most respected writers, Dimalanta published several books of poetry, criticism, drama, and prose and edited various literary anthologies. In 1999, she received Southeast Asia's highest literary honor, the S.E.A...

     - Poet and Critic Best Poem Award, Iowa State University
    Iowa State University
    Iowa State University of Science and Technology, more commonly known as Iowa State University , is a public land-grant and space-grant research university located in Ames, Iowa, United States. Iowa State has produced astronauts, scientists, and Nobel and Pulitzer Prize winners, along with a host of...

     (1968), Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

     for Poetry (1974, 1983), Fernando Maria Guerrero
    Fernando María Guerrero
    Fernando María Guerrero was a Filipino politician, journalist, lawyer and polyglot who became a significant figure during the Philippine's golden period of Spanish literature, a period ranging from 1890 to the outbreak of World War II in 1940....

     Award (1976), Focus Literary Award for Fiction (1977, 1981), Cultural Center of the Philippines
    Cultural Center of the Philippines
    The Cultural Center of the Philippines is a government-owned and controlled corporation established to preserve, develop and promote arts and culture in the Philippines. The CCP was established through Executive Order No. 30 s. 1966 by President Ferdinand Marcos...

     Literature Grant for Criticism (1983), the Gawad Pambansang Alagad ni balagtas from the Writers Union of the Philippines (1990), South-East Asia (SEA) Writers Award from King Bhumibol of Thailand (1999), Founding member of the Manila Critics Circle and an honorary fellow of the Philippine Literary Arts Council, Director of the UST Center for Creative Writing and Studies and the first writer-in-residence of the University of Santo Tomas
    University of Santo Tomas
    The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines , is a private Roman Catholic university run by the Order of Preachers in Manila. Founded on April 28, 1611 by archbishop of Manila Miguel de Benavides, it has the oldest extant university charter in the...

  • Paz Latorena
  • Ramil Gulle
  • Ramon Osorio
  • Regina Bautista-Navarette
  • Rina Jimenez-David - Columnist, Philippine Daily Inquirer
    Philippine Daily Inquirer
    The Philippine Daily Inquirer, popularly known as the Inquirer, is the most widely read broadsheet newspaper in the Philippines, with a daily circulation of 260,000 copies. It is one of the Philippines' newspapers of record...

  • Rogelio R. Sikat
    Rogelio R. Sikat
    Rogelio R. Sikat is a Filipino fictionist, playwright, translator and educator. He was born to Estanislao Sikat and Crisanta Rodriguez on June 26, 1940 in Alua, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. He is the sixth of eight children. Sicat graduated with a B.Litt. in Journalism from the...

     - Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

     and National Book Award
  • Teodoro Valencia
  • Dr. Vicente Rosales, Sr. - Former Philippine Medical Association President
  • Victor Emmanuel "Vim" Nadera - Centennial Literary Prize in 1998, youngest recipient of the Recognition Award from the Commission on Filipino Language, youngest Poet of the Year in 1985, National Book Awards, Rizal International Filipino Poetry Contest, Gawad Collantes, Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

    , Carlos Bulosan Award, Gawad Leopoldo Yabes, Gawad Parangal ng Quezon, Gawad Chancellor, "TOYM", youngest Director of the UP Institute of Creative Writing.
  • Wilfrido Nolledo - First prize in the Marian Year Literary Contest at the University of Santo Tomas
    University of Santo Tomas
    The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines , is a private Roman Catholic university run by the Order of Preachers in Manila. Founded on April 28, 1611 by archbishop of Manila Miguel de Benavides, it has the oldest extant university charter in the...

    , prizes in the Free Press literary contest, Palanca Awards
    Palanca Awards
    The Palanca Awards or Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is the Philippines' most prestigious and most enduring literary awards and is dubbed as the "Pulitzer Prize" of the Philippines...

    , a fellow at the University of Iowa
    University of Iowa
    The University of Iowa is a public state-supported research university located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. It is the oldest public university in the state. The university is organized into eleven colleges granting undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees...

  • Lourd de Veyra

External links

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