State Highway 99 (Oklahoma)
Encyclopedia
State Highway 99, also referred to as SH-99 or OK-99, is a north–south state highway through central Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Oklahoma is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. With an estimated 3,751,351 residents as of the 2010 census and a land area of 68,667 square miles , Oklahoma is the 28th most populous and 20th-largest state...

. It runs from the Texas
Texas
Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...

 border at Lake Texoma
Lake Texoma
Lake Texoma is one of the largest reservoirs in the United States, the 12th largest Corps of Engineers lake, and the largest in USACE Tulsa District....

 to the Kansas
Kansas
Kansas is a US state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansas River which flows through it, which in turn was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south...

 border near Lake Hulah. It is 241.5 miles (388.7 km) long. The highway overlaps US-377 for over half its length.

SH-99 links up with K-99
K-99 (Kansas highway)
K-99 is a Kansas state highway that runs north–south through the eastern part of the state.K-99 has its northern terminus near Summerfield at the Nebraska state line and its southern end south of Chautauqua where it crosses the Oklahoma border and becomes State Highway 99...

 after crossing the border into Kansas. This road continues for 233 miles (375 km) to the Nebraska border, where it becomes Nebraska Highway 99
Nebraska Highway 99
Nebraska Highway 99 is a highway in southeastern Nebraska. It has a southern terminus at the Kansas border south of Burchard and just north of Summerfield, Kansas. Its northern terminus is north of Burchard at an intersection with Nebraska Highway 4. It lies entirely in Pawnee County...

, which lasts an additional 14 miles (22.5 km). Thus, SH-99 is part of a triple-state highway numbered "99", which lasts a total of 488 miles (785.4 km).

State Highway 99 began as State Highway 48, a short highway connecting Ada
Ada, Oklahoma
Ada is a city in and the county seat of Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 16,008 at the 2000 census. As of 2009, the city population was estimated at 17,019....

 to Holdenville
Holdenville, Oklahoma
Holdenville is a city in Hughes County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 4,732 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Hughes County....

. This highway was gradually expanded until it became a border-to-border route. In 1938, it was renumbered to match K-99, which was renumbered from K-11 the same day.

US-377/SH-99

US-377 crosses Lake Texoma
Lake Texoma
Lake Texoma is one of the largest reservoirs in the United States, the 12th largest Corps of Engineers lake, and the largest in USACE Tulsa District....

 on a bridge from Grayson County, Texas
Grayson County, Texas
As of the census of 2000, there were 110,595 people, 42,849 households, and 30,208 families residing in the county. The population density was 118 people per square mile . There were 48,315 housing units at an average density of 52 per square mile...

 into Marshall County, Oklahoma
Marshall County, Oklahoma
Marshall County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, the population was 13,184. Its county seat is Madill. The county's population grew at a rate of 35% in the 1990s and now it has a new population estimate at 20,000. Marshall County is the fastest growing county in...

. This is the southern terminus of SH-99, which will concur
Concurrency (road)
A concurrency, overlap, or coincidence in a road network is an instance of one physical road bearing two or more different highway, motorway, or other route numbers...

 with US-377 all the way to the U.S. highway's northern terminus in Stroud
Stroud, Oklahoma
Stroud is a city in Creek and Lincoln counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 2,758 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Stroud is located at ....

. The highways' first junction in Oklahoma is with State Highway 32
State Highway 32 (Oklahoma)
State Highway 32 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The highway runs from west to east across the southern part of the state, just north of the Red River...

 7 miles (11.3 km) south of Madill. Five miles north of this intersection, US-377/SH-99 serve as the northern terminus for SH-99C, a child route of SH-99. The routes then head into Madill, where they form a brief concurrency with US-70 and SH-199. US-377/SH-99 head northeast out of town and enter Johnston County
Johnston County, Oklahoma
Johnston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, the population was 10,513. Its county seat is Tishomingo.-Geography:...

.

West of Tishomingo
Tishomingo, Oklahoma
Tishomingo is the largest city and the county seat of Johnston County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 3,162 at the 2000 census. It was the first capital of the Chickasaw Nation. Murray State College, a community college, with an annual enrollment of 1,600 students is located in...

, US-377/SH-99 pick up SH-22, which follows them east to the county seat. The same junction in Tishomingo where SH-22 splits away is also the northern terminus of SH-78. Eight miles (12.9 km) north of Tishomingo, the routes share a short concurrency with SH-7. US-377/SH-99 go 18 miles (29 km) without another highway junction, which is with SH-99A, a spur to unincorporated Harden City.

The two highways interchange with SH-3, a freeway at this point, near Ahloso. US-377/SH-99 merge onto the freeway, which becomes the Richardson Loop around the west side of Ada
Ada, Oklahoma
Ada is a city in and the county seat of Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 16,008 at the 2000 census. As of 2009, the city population was estimated at 17,019....

. At the southwest corner of the loop, SH-1 joins. Two miles (3.2 km) further north, an interchange serves as the western terminus of SH-19; also at this interchange, SH-3 splits into SH-3E and SH-3W, the latter of which exits the highway to concur with SH-19. At the next interchange, SH-1 splits off, and the freeway downgrades to expressway.

The highway crosses the Canadian River
Canadian River
The Canadian River is the longest tributary of the Arkansas River. It is about long, starting in Colorado and traveling through New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle, and most of Oklahoma....

 into Seminole County
Seminole County, Oklahoma
Seminole County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 24,894 at the 2000 census. Its county seat is Wewoka. Before Oklahoma's admission as a state, the county was the entire small portion of Indian Territory allocated to the Seminoles. Seminole County has been an...

 north of Byng
Byng, Oklahoma
Byng is a town in Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,090 at the 2000 census.-History:The beginnings of the town of Byng were established in 1917 with the building of a post office and power plant . The post office and power plant were named to honor the World War I...

. Just after the bridge, US-377/SH-3E/99 intersect SH-39 and SH-56; this is their eastern and western termini respectively. Near Bowlegs
Bowlegs, Oklahoma
Bowlegs is a town in Seminole County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 371 at the 2000 census.Bowlegs was named after an early resident, Lula Bowlegs, a descendant of the Florida Seminole Chief Billy Bowlegs. It has been a popular misconception that the town was named after the...

, SH-59 joins the concurrency, splitting off again after 3 miles (4.8 km). As the road enters Seminole
Seminole, Oklahoma
Seminole is a city in Seminole County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 6,899 at the 2000 census. Seminole experienced a large population growth in the 1920s due to an oil boom...

, it has an interchange with US-270, where SH-3E splits off. SH-9 also is accessible by interchange in Seminole. US-377/SH-99 encounter another spur of the latter, SH-99A, in unincorporated Little. The routes then have an interchange at I-40, Exit 200.

US-377/SH-99 cross over the North Canadian River
North Canadian River
The North Canadian River is a tributary of the Canadian River, approximately long, that flows through New Mexico, Texas and Oklahoma in the United States....

 and cross a panhandle of Pottawatomie County
Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma
Pottawatomie County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 65,521 as of the 2000 census. Its county seat is Shawnee...

 before entering Lincoln County
Lincoln County, Oklahoma
Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population as of 2010 was 34,273. It is part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area.Its county seat is Chandler....

. Just north of the county line, the routes pass through Prague
Prague, Oklahoma
Prague is a city in Lincoln County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 2,138 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Prague is located at .According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land....

. The two routes do not encounter another highway for 19 miles (30.6 km), after which lies the town of Stroud
Stroud, Oklahoma
Stroud is a city in Creek and Lincoln counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 2,758 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Stroud is located at ....

, the northern terminus of US-377.

Stroud and the end of US-377

In Stroud, SH-99 has two highway junctions, one of which is the northern terminus of US-377. In central Stroud, the highway meets SH-66, formerly the celebrated Route 66
U.S. Route 66
U.S. Route 66 was a highway within the U.S. Highway System. One of the original U.S. highways, Route 66 was established on November 11, 1926 -- with road signs erected the following year...

. An interchange with Interstate 44
Interstate 44
Interstate 44 is a major highway in the central United States. Its western terminus is in Wichita Falls, Texas at a concurrency with US 277, US 281 and US 287; its eastern terminus is at the Illinois state line on the Poplar Street Bridge over the Mississippi River in St...

, the Turner Turnpike
Turner Turnpike
The Governor Roy J. Turner Turnpike is a toll road in central Oklahoma, connecting its two largest cities, Oklahoma City and Tulsa. It was authorized by the Oklahoma Legislature in 1947 and opened in May, 1953, it is the oldest of the state's ten turnpikes. The route is signed as Interstate 44 for...

, is 0.4 mile (0.643736 km) north of the SH-66 junction.

Signage in Stroud is unclear on where the northern terminus of US-377 is, implying that it continues north of SH-66 to at least I-44. However, signage along the turnpike and at the end of the offramps only refers to SH-99.

ODOT sources differ on where the northern terminus of the highway is. According to the Control Section Map Book, the north end of US-377 is at SH-66. Another map published by ODOT of Stroud implies that the route extends north of the ramps to and from I-44 to at least the bridge over the turnpike. The inset strip map of the Turner Turnpike on the ODOT state map omits US-377 entirely.

North of Stroud

Seventeen miles north of Stroud, the now-independent SH-99 meets State Highway 33
State Highway 33 (Oklahoma)
Oklahoma's State Highway 33 is a major highway that traverses most of the state, and at one time traversed the entire state. Its general orientation is west to east. All mileages listed herein are from the western terminus of the highway at the Texas state line.-Roger Mills County:SH-33 begins...

, which it overlaps for two miles (3 km) to the town of Drumright
Drumright, Oklahoma
Drumright is a city in Creek and Payne counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 2,905 at the 2000 census.-History:The town sprang up nearly overnight in 1912 after wildcatter Tom Slick struck oil on the farm of Frank Wheeler, causing a rush of speculators, oilfield workers, and...

. SH-99 bypasses Drumright to the northwest, after which it meets up with an old alignment leading back to Drumright and SH-33, now numbered SH-99B but unsigned. After turning back north, it crosses the Cimarron River at Oilton
Oilton, Oklahoma
Oilton is a city in Creek County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,099 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Oilton is located at .According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land....

, and has an interchange with the Cimarron Turnpike
Cimarron Turnpike
The Cimarron Turnpike is a toll road in north-central Oklahoma. Opened to traffic in 1975, the route runs , from a junction with Interstate 35 north of Perry, to Westport, just west of Tulsa. The route also consists of a spur which runs from the mainline southwest to a junction with US-177 north...

 between Jennings
Jennings, Oklahoma
Jennings is a town in Pawnee County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 373 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Jennings is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all of it land....

 and Hallett
Hallett, Oklahoma
Hallett is a town in Pawnee County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 168 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Hallett is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all of it land.-Demographics:...

.

It is then concurrent with US-64 for six miles (10 km) before passing through Cleveland
Cleveland, Oklahoma
Cleveland is a city in Pawnee County, Oklahoma, United States. The 2009 population estimate was 3,251. It is the hometown of Heisman trophy winner Billy Vessels.-History:...

, where it crosses the Arkansas River
Arkansas River
The Arkansas River is a major tributary of the Mississippi River. The Arkansas generally flows to the east and southeast as it traverses the U.S. states of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. The river's initial basin starts in the Western United States in Colorado, specifically the Arkansas...

. Throughout its final 55 miles (88.5 km), in Osage County
Osage County, Oklahoma
Osage County is a county in the northern part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Coterminous with the Osage Indian Reservation, it is the home of the federally recognized Osage Nation. As of the 2010 census, the population was 47,472 a 6.8 percent increase from 2000, when the population was 44,437...

, the highway passes through a relatively sparse region, though it meets State Highway 20
State Highway 20 (Oklahoma)
State Highway 20 is a highway in northeastern Oklahoma. Its eastern terminus is at the corner of Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Missouri near Southwest City, Missouri; its western terminus is at State Highway 18 near Ralston...

 in Hominy
Hominy, Oklahoma
Hominy is a city in Osage County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 3,565 at the 2010 census, a 38 percent increase from 2,584 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Hominy is located at ....

 and overlaps SH-11
State Highway 11 (Oklahoma)
State Highway 11 is a state highway in Oklahoma. It runs in an irregular west-to-east path 208 miles across the northern part of the state, from US-281 seven miles north of Alva to I-244/US-412 in Tulsa...

 south of Pawhuska
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Pawhuska is a city in and the county seat of Osage County, Oklahoma, United States, and the capital of the Osage Nation. The population was 3,589 at the 2010 census, a decline of 1.2 percent from 3,629 at the 2000 census. The ZIP Code for the city is 74056...

 (the county seat) and US-60 north of the city. Its final junction is with SH-10
State Highway 10 (Oklahoma)
State Highway 10 is a state highway in northeastern Oklahoma. It makes a 235.5 mile crescent through the northeast corner of the state, running from State Highway 99 in Osage County to Interstate 40 near Gore. It has two lettered spur routes.SH-10 first appeared as part of the original highway...

 ten miles (16 km) south of the Oklahoma–Kansas border.

The original SH-48

State Highway 99 traces its roots back to the first State Highway 48, which was first established on January 19, 1927. This highway connected Ada to Holdenville
Holdenville, Oklahoma
Holdenville is a city in Hughes County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 4,732 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Hughes County....

; it roughly followed present-day SH-99 until just north of the Canadian River
Canadian River
The Canadian River is the longest tributary of the Arkansas River. It is about long, starting in Colorado and traveling through New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle, and most of Oklahoma....

, after which it turned east on the route of today's SH-56. The highway ended at the original SH-3, present-day US-270, west of Holdenville. The 1928 state highway map shows the highway extended to SH-9 (now US-62) near Prague along the present-day SH-99 alignment, with the Canadian River crossing as a toll bridge. By January 1, 1929, the route had been realigned to pass through Konawa
Konawa, Oklahoma
Konawa is a city in Seminole County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,479 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Konawa is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land....

.

In 1931, SH-48 was greatly expanded. The route was extended northward to US-66
U.S. Route 66 in Oklahoma
The historic U.S. Route 66 ran from west to northeast across the U.S. state of Oklahoma, along the path now taken by Interstate 40 and State Highway 66. It passed through Oklahoma City, Tulsa, and many smaller communities. West of the Oklahoma City area, it has been largely replaced by I-40; the...

 in Stroud. At its southern end, it was extended along a new alignment, which began at SH-19 southeast of Ada and ran through Tishomingo and Madill to end at the Red River northwest of Denison, Texas
Denison, Texas
Denison is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States. The population was 22,773 at the 2000 census; it is estimated to have grown to 24,127 in 2009. Denison is one of two principal cities in the Sherman-Denison Metropolitan Statistical Area.-History:...

, where it met Texas State Highway 91. Also that year, a second section of SH-48 was established, taking over a large portion of what was then SH-25; the remainder of the route was integrated into US-60.

On March 1, 1932, a new section of road was designated as State Highway 48, connecting Stroud to SH-33 west of Drumright. As a result, the SH-48 designation was able to follow existing roads to link up with its previously-disconnected northern section. Thus, SH-48 became a border-to-border highway, linking Texas and its SH-91 to K-11 at the Kansas state line.

Renumbering and realignments

On May 17, 1938, both Kansas and Oklahoma renumbered K-11 and OK-48 respectively to bear the number "99", providing continuity between the states. At this time, SH-99 followed the same basic corridor of the present-day route from Madill north to Kansas. The SH-48 designation would only remain disused for just under three years, resurfacing for a route only 13 miles (20.9 km) east of SH-99 in February 1941.

In January 1944, Denison Dam
Denison Dam
Denison Dam, also known as Lake Texoma Dam, is a dam located on the Red River between Texas and Oklahoma that impounds Lake Texoma. The purpose of the dam is flood control, water supply, hydroelectric power production, river regulation, navigation and recreation.-History:Completed in 1943 primarily...

 was placed into operation, creating Lake Texoma
Lake Texoma
Lake Texoma is one of the largest reservoirs in the United States, the 12th largest Corps of Engineers lake, and the largest in USACE Tulsa District....

. As a result, a portion of SH-99 between Madill and Texas was inundated. On May 5, 1958, the route was realigned to once again reach Texas; it now crossed a bridge further upstream, connecting to Texas State Highway 10, which was subsequently renumbered to TX-99.

The existing route of SH-99 (concurrent with SH-3) veered west by about 4 miles (6.4 km) to serve the town of Konawa
Konawa, Oklahoma
Konawa is a city in Seminole County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,479 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Konawa is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land....

 before cutting back northeast to continue the highway's previous heading. This was remedied on December 9, 1968, when the highway was changed to a straighter alignment bypassing Konawa. The old road heading west into Konawa became part of SH-39.

Another bypass occurred in 1977, this time in Drumright. SH-99 was changed to bypass the town on February 7, 1977, and the old alignment that was not part of SH-33 became SH-99B. However, the highway remained signed along SH-33 through Drumright until at least 2003.

Designation as US-377

The Oklahoma Department of Highways had proposed portions of State Highway 99 for inclusion in the United States Numbered Highways
United States Numbered Highways
The system of United States Numbered Highways is an integrated system of roads and highways in the United States numbered within a nationwide grid...

 system several times. One such application made in 1953 suggested that the entirety of SH-99 become a U.S. Route, while another suggested a northern terminus at US-64 near Cleveland. On June 18, 1964, AASHTO accepted an extension of US-377 from Texas to US-70 in Madill. The Department of Highways, and later the Department of Transportation, submitted an application to extend US-377 from Madill to US-64 in Cleveland eight times between December 1964 and 1980.

In 1991, ODOT signed the route to Stroud along SH-99 without AASHTO approval.

Spurs

SH-99 has two lettered spurs:
  • SH-99A is a designation for two distinct highways:
    • A connector highway from US-377/SH-99 to the unincorporated town of Harden City. It was originally known as SH-61A http://roads.tulok.net/x0.html.
    • A highway that runs from SH-3E to SH-48
      State Highway 48 (Oklahoma)
      State Highway 48 is a state highway in eastern Oklahoma that runs nearly from Bryan County to Pawnee County. SH-48 has one lettered spur in Johnston County.-Route description:...

       near Bearden
      Bearden, Oklahoma
      Bearden is a town in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 140 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Bearden is located at .According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all of it land....

      .
  • SH-99B is a 1.09 miles (1.8 km)-long highway in Drumright, connecting SH-33 north to SH-99, forming the east edge of a loop around town. It is a former alignment of SH-99.
  • SH-99C connects US-377/SH-99 in Madill to SH-32
    State Highway 32 (Oklahoma)
    State Highway 32 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The highway runs from west to east across the southern part of the state, just north of the Red River...

     near Lake Texoma
    Lake Texoma
    Lake Texoma is one of the largest reservoirs in the United States, the 12th largest Corps of Engineers lake, and the largest in USACE Tulsa District....

    .
  • SH-99D was a loop north of Hominy, Oklahoma
    Hominy, Oklahoma
    Hominy is a city in Osage County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 3,565 at the 2010 census, a 38 percent increase from 2,584 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Hominy is located at ....

     serving the nearby state prison
    Prison
    A prison is a place in which people are physically confined and, usually, deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime...

    , Connors Correctional Center. The loop was decommissioned in the 1990s, and the bridge over Bird Creek is no longer passable http://roads.tulok.net/x0.html.

Junction list

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