Slawno
Encyclopedia
Sławno ' is a town on the Wieprza
river in Middle
Pomerania
region, north-western Poland
, with 13,322 inhabitants (2006). It is the administrative seat of Gmina Sławno, though not part of it. The town is also the capital of Sławno County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship
since 1999, previously in Słupsk Voivodeship (1975–1998).
Sławno is a railway junction on the major Gdańsk
- Szczecin
line, with access to secondary importance connections to Darłowo and Korzybie
. It is also a stop on the European route E28
running parallel to the south coast of the Baltic Sea
between the cities of Koszalin
and Słupsk.
(Słupsk) were under the rule of Duke Ratibor I
of Pomerania
and his descendants, a cadet branch of the Griffin dynasty
. When the line became extinct about 1227, their estates were the matter of an inheritance conflict between the Griffin Duke Barnim I the Good
and Swantopolk II from the Samborid dynasty
, who ruled over the adjacent territories of Pomerelia
in the east.
Swantopolk prevailed, his son Mestwin II, duke in Pomerelia from 1266, however again had to deal with claims raised by the Pomeranian Griffins and also by his brother Wratislaw II. To secure his rule, Mestwin accepted the suzerainty of the Ascanian margraves of Brandenburg
by the 1269 Treaty of Arnswalde
. Upon his death in 1294, the Samborides became extinct and the Brandenburg margraves seized their lands. Waldemar of Ascania
finally separated Sławno from Pomerelia, which he sold to the Teutonic Order by the 1309 Treaty of Soldin. He nevertheless lost the town to the Griffin duke Wartislaw IV of Pomerania
in 1317, whereafter Sławno remained a part of the Pomeranian duchy until its dissolution in 1637.
Duke Wartislaw IV enfeoffed Peter von Neuenburg of the Swenzones
noble family with Sławno, who granted the settlement city rights
in 1317. The Gothic
St Mary's Church was consecrated about 1360. Devastated during the Thirty Years' War
, the town was allotted to the Brandenburg Province of Pomerania
by the 1653 Treaty of Stettin
.
with: Rinteln
, Germany Ribnitz-Damgarten
, Germany Trento
, Italy
Wieprza
Wieprza , a river in north-western Poland, is a tributary of the Baltic Sea, with a length of 112 kilometers and a basin area of 2,170km². Its German name is Wipper .Towns:* Sławno * Darłowo See also: rivers of Poland, list of...
river in Middle
Middle Pomerania
The term Middle or Central Pomerania can refer to two distinct areas, depending on whether it is used as a translation of the corresponding German or Polish terms Mittelpommern or Pomorze Środkowe, respectively.-Mittelpommern, Mittelpommerscher Keil:Mittelpommern or Mittelpommerscher Keil in...
Pomerania
Pomerania
Pomerania is a historical region on the south shore of the Baltic Sea. Divided between Germany and Poland, it stretches roughly from the Recknitz River near Stralsund in the West, via the Oder River delta near Szczecin, to the mouth of the Vistula River near Gdańsk in the East...
region, north-western Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, with 13,322 inhabitants (2006). It is the administrative seat of Gmina Sławno, though not part of it. The town is also the capital of Sławno County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship, , is a voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It borders on Pomeranian Voivodeship to the east, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the southeast, Lubusz Voivodeship to the south, the German federal-state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the north...
since 1999, previously in Słupsk Voivodeship (1975–1998).
Sławno is a railway junction on the major Gdańsk
Gdansk
Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...
- Szczecin
Szczecin
Szczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427....
line, with access to secondary importance connections to Darłowo and Korzybie
Korzybie, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Korzybie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kępice, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately north of Kępice, south-west of Słupsk, and west of the regional capital Gdańsk....
. It is also a stop on the European route E28
European route E28
European route E 28 is a west-east intermediate road in the international E-road network. Beginning at the Berliner Ring in Germany, it runs for a length of to Minsk, Belarus.-Route:Germany* Berlin* PrenzlauPoland* Szczecin* Goleniów* Koszalin...
running parallel to the south coast of the Baltic Sea
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is a brackish mediterranean sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 20°E to 26°E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Danish islands. It drains into the Kattegat by way of the Øresund, the Great Belt and...
between the cities of Koszalin
Koszalin
Koszalin ; is the largest city of Middle Pomerania in north-western Poland. It is located 12 km south of the Baltic Sea coast. Koszalin is also a county-status city and capital of Koszalin County of West Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999...
and Słupsk.
History
Since the mid 12th century the Lands of Schlawe and StolpLands of Schlawe and Stolp
The Lands of Schlawe and Stolp are a historical region in Pomerania, centered around the towns of Sławno and Słupsk in Farther Pomerania...
(Słupsk) were under the rule of Duke Ratibor I
Ratibor I, Duke of Pomerania
Ratibor I of the House of Pomerania was Duke of Pomerania. He was married to Pribislawa, and was the ancestor of the Ratiborides sideline of the Griffins....
of Pomerania
Duchy of Pomerania
The Duchy of Pomerania was a duchy in Pomerania on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, ruled by dukes of the House of Pomerania ....
and his descendants, a cadet branch of the Griffin dynasty
House of Pomerania
The House of Griffins or House of Pomerania, , also known as House of Greifen; House of Gryf, was a dynasty of Royal dukes that ruled the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637, after their power was temporarily derivated to Prussian Royal House...
. When the line became extinct about 1227, their estates were the matter of an inheritance conflict between the Griffin Duke Barnim I the Good
Barnim I, Duke of Pomerania
Barnim I the Good from the Griffin dynasty was a Duke of Pomerania from 1220 until his death.-Life:...
and Swantopolk II from the Samborid dynasty
Samborides
The Samborides or House of Sobiesław were a ruling dynasty in the historic region of Pomerania. They were first documented about 1155 as governors in the eastern Pomerelian lands serving the royal Piast dynasty of Poland, and from 1227 ruled as autonomous princes until 1294, at which time the...
, who ruled over the adjacent territories of Pomerelia
Pomerelia
Pomerelia is a historical region in northern Poland. Pomerelia lay in eastern Pomerania: on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea and west of the Vistula and its delta. The area centered on the city of Gdańsk at the mouth of the Vistula...
in the east.
Swantopolk prevailed, his son Mestwin II, duke in Pomerelia from 1266, however again had to deal with claims raised by the Pomeranian Griffins and also by his brother Wratislaw II. To secure his rule, Mestwin accepted the suzerainty of the Ascanian margraves of Brandenburg
Margraviate of Brandenburg
The Margraviate of Brandenburg was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806. Also known as the March of Brandenburg , it played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe....
by the 1269 Treaty of Arnswalde
Treaty of Arnswalde
In the Treaty of Choszczno , signed on 1 April 1269, the Brandenburgian Margraves of the House of Ascania John II, Otto IV and Conrad signed a treaty with Duke Mestwin II of Pomerania in Choszczno...
. Upon his death in 1294, the Samborides became extinct and the Brandenburg margraves seized their lands. Waldemar of Ascania
Waldemar, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal
Waldemar of Brandenburg was Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal, the last from the Ascanian House.-Life:He was a son of Conrad, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal and Constance, daughter of Przemysł I of Greater Poland...
finally separated Sławno from Pomerelia, which he sold to the Teutonic Order by the 1309 Treaty of Soldin. He nevertheless lost the town to the Griffin duke Wartislaw IV of Pomerania
Wartislaw IV, Duke of Pomerania
Wartislaw IV was Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast from 1309 until his death. He was the only son of Duke Bogislaw IV of Pomerania and his wife Margareta, a daughter of Prince Wizlaw II of Rugia...
in 1317, whereafter Sławno remained a part of the Pomeranian duchy until its dissolution in 1637.
Duke Wartislaw IV enfeoffed Peter von Neuenburg of the Swenzones
Swenzones
The collective name Swenzones , refers in historical literature to a Pomeranian noble family which at the transition from the Middle Ages to modern times made in the Lands of Schlawe and Stolp and Pomerelia from 1269 to 1357 a remarkable career under various political powers struggling for...
noble family with Sławno, who granted the settlement city rights
German town law
German town law or German municipal concerns concerns town privileges used by many cities, towns, and villages throughout Central and Eastern Europe during the Middle Ages.- Town law in Germany :...
in 1317. The Gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
St Mary's Church was consecrated about 1360. Devastated during the Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
, the town was allotted to the Brandenburg Province of Pomerania
Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)
The Province of Pomerania was a province of Brandenburg-Prussia, the later Kingdom of Prussia. After the Thirty Years' War, the province consisted of Farther Pomerania. Subsequently, the Lauenburg and Bütow Land, Draheim, and Swedish Pomerania south of the Peene river were joined into the province...
by the 1653 Treaty of Stettin
Treaty of Stettin (1653)
The Treaty of Stettin of 4 May 1653 settled a dispute between Brandenburg and Sweden, who both claimed succession in the Duchy of Pomerania after the extinction of the local House of Pomerania during the Thirty Years' War. Brandenburg's claims were based on the Treaty of Grimnitz , while Sweden's...
.
Population history
- 1960: 8,600 inhabitants
- 1970: 10,800 inhabitants
- 1975: 11,500 inhabitants
- 1980: 12,700 inhabitants
- 2002: 15,000 inhabitants
Twin towns — sister cities
Sławno is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Rinteln
Rinteln
Rinteln is a small town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located on the banks of the Weser river above the Porta Westfalica. Population: 28,500.It is accessed by the A2 autobahn .-History:...
, Germany Ribnitz-Damgarten
Ribnitz-Damgarten
Ribnitz-Damgarten is a town in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is situated at the Ribnitzer See . Ribnitz-Damgarten is the largest town of the district Vorpommern-Rügen, but not its capital.-Geography:...
, Germany Trento
Trento
Trento is an Italian city located in the Adige River valley in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. It is the capital of Trentino...
, Italy
Notable people
- Franz MehringFranz MehringFranz Erdmann Mehring , was a German publicist, politician and historian.-Early years:Franz Mehring was born 27 February 1846 in Schlawe, Pomerania, the son of a bourgeois family.-Political career:...
(1846–1919), publicist, politician and historian - Agnieszka Włodarczyk (1980- ), actress and singer