Shozhma
Encyclopedia
Shozhma is a village in Russia
in Arkhangelsk Oblast
. It was founded as a railway station (823 km from Moscow
) during the building of the railway from Vologda
to Arkhangelsk
at the end of 19th century. Before foundation of Shozhma station an older village with the name Shozhma, located approximately 14 km east of the station, on the shore of river
Shozhma
existed (Derevnija Shozhma, Russian: Деревня Шожма, Latitude 61.93306°, Longitude 40.51167°).
Thevillage survived full conflagration
in summer 1927. y. (ca 200 buildings were destroyed). Only the village church remained (it was ruined in 1964. y.). Village was built up again by its residents. Isolated to the roads village was abandoned during a some period after Second World War (people were evacuated, most from buildings transported to Nyandoma, some burned). Today, there is practically nothing remained from the village.
Shozhma Street
s: Gagarina (ул Гагарина), Železodorožnaja (ул Железнодорожная), Zavodskaja (ул Заводская), Lesnaja (ул Лесная), Sadovaja (ул Садовая), Trubnaja (ул Трубная) ja Tsentralnaja (ул Центральная).
A present village was all the time involved with forestry
and production of wood
. After the collapse of USSR a wood production in the village went down and practically stopped with the ending of 20th century. During this period a local, 750 mm narrow gauge railway on the eastern side from Arkhangelsk-Moscow railway for wood transportation from nearby forests was working also in Shozhma, which was completely disposed at the end of 20th century.
Shozhma has connection only by railway and there is no motorway connection with it.
During the Soviet Union
period, up to 1985, a prison
(founded before World War II
) was located in Shozhma. Prisoners were involved in production of wood. In 1940-1941, during the Deportation
s, from the many parts of USSR and occupied nearby countries, for example Ukraine
, Estonia
, etc., people deportated were located there.
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
in Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea....
. It was founded as a railway station (823 km from Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
) during the building of the railway from Vologda
Vologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
to Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
at the end of 19th century. Before foundation of Shozhma station an older village with the name Shozhma, located approximately 14 km east of the station, on the shore of river
River
A river is a natural watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, a lake, a sea, or another river. In a few cases, a river simply flows into the ground or dries up completely before reaching another body of water. Small rivers may also be called by several other names, including...
Shozhma
Shozhma River
The Shozma is a river in Nyandomsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Mosha River. It is long.The river flows out of Lake Big Shozhma , crosses the Arkhangelsk-Moscow railway near the village of Shipakhovsky and crosses the village, then flows to the north up...
existed (Derevnija Shozhma, Russian: Деревня Шожма, Latitude 61.93306°, Longitude 40.51167°).
Derevnija Shozhma
(sometimes on the maps under name Kondratovskaja). By the myth village was established by two mens, Demid and Kondrat. They explored shores of Shozhma River. Kondrat travelled by the left shore and Demid by the right one. They found each other by the bonfire smokes and decided to build their homes there. Kondrat built his house on the left shore and Demid on the right shore. All the time Derevnija Shozhma split by Shozhma River was divided into Kondratovskaja and Demidovskaja parts. In the village were several water- and windmills and was church.Thevillage survived full conflagration
Conflagration
A conflagration or a blaze is an uncontrolled burning that threatens human life, health, or property. A conflagration can be accidentally begun, naturally caused , or intentionally created . Arson can be accomplished for the purpose of sabotage or diversion, and also can be the consequence of...
in summer 1927. y. (ca 200 buildings were destroyed). Only the village church remained (it was ruined in 1964. y.). Village was built up again by its residents. Isolated to the roads village was abandoned during a some period after Second World War (people were evacuated, most from buildings transported to Nyandoma, some burned). Today, there is practically nothing remained from the village.
Street
A street is a paved public thoroughfare in a built environment. It is a public parcel of land adjoining buildings in an urban context, on which people may freely assemble, interact, and move about. A street can be as simple as a level patch of dirt, but is more often paved with a hard, durable...
s: Gagarina (ул Гагарина), Železodorožnaja (ул Железнодорожная), Zavodskaja (ул Заводская), Lesnaja (ул Лесная), Sadovaja (ул Садовая), Trubnaja (ул Трубная) ja Tsentralnaja (ул Центральная).
Forestry
Forestry is the interdisciplinary profession embracing the science, art, and craft of creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands...
and production of wood
Wood
Wood is a hard, fibrous tissue found in many trees. It has been used for hundreds of thousands of years for both fuel and as a construction material. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers embedded in a matrix of lignin which resists compression...
. After the collapse of USSR a wood production in the village went down and practically stopped with the ending of 20th century. During this period a local, 750 mm narrow gauge railway on the eastern side from Arkhangelsk-Moscow railway for wood transportation from nearby forests was working also in Shozhma, which was completely disposed at the end of 20th century.
Shozhma has connection only by railway and there is no motorway connection with it.
During the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
period, up to 1985, a prison
Prison
A prison is a place in which people are physically confined and, usually, deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime...
(founded before World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
) was located in Shozhma. Prisoners were involved in production of wood. In 1940-1941, during the Deportation
Deportation
Deportation means the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country. Today it often refers to the expulsion of foreign nationals whereas the expulsion of nationals is called banishment, exile, or penal transportation...
s, from the many parts of USSR and occupied nearby countries, for example Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, Estonia
Estonia
Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
, etc., people deportated were located there.