Santissimo Nome di Maria
Encyclopedia
The Church of the Most Holy Name of Mary at the Trajan Forum is a Roman Catholic church in Rome
. This church should not be confused with the church Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina in south-east Rome.
The feast
of the Holy Name of Mary
was instituted by Pope Innocent XI
after the victory of the Austrian
-Polish
armies
under the command of John III Sobieski
over the Turks
at the Battle of Vienna
in 1683. Abbot
Giuseppe Bianchi
instituted devotion to the most holy name of Mary in 1685 at Santo Stefano del Cacco
, and soon afterwards established the Congregation of the Most Holy Name of Mary, which was formally approved in 1688.
Antoine Derizet
(1736-1741). In 1748, seven years later, San Bernardo was demolished, but the icon
of Mary
had been transferred from it to the new church in 1741. Once a year, it is carried in solemn procession
from the site of San Bernardo to its present place above the high altar of Santissimo Nome di Maria.
The interior is elliptical. There are seven small chapel
s, decorated in polychrome
marble
.
s of the Titular Church of Santissimo Nome di Maria al Foro Traiano:
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
. This church should not be confused with the church Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina in south-east Rome.
The feast
Feast
Feast may refer to:* Banquet, a large meal* A Festival or feria* Ramadan, Muslim's holy month* Nineteen Day Feast, a monthly meeting held in Bahá'í communities to worship, consult, and socialize....
of the Holy Name of Mary
Mary (mother of Jesus)
Mary , commonly referred to as "Saint Mary", "Mother Mary", the "Virgin Mary", the "Blessed Virgin Mary", or "Mary, Mother of God", was a Jewish woman of Nazareth in Galilee...
was instituted by Pope Innocent XI
Pope Innocent XI
Blessed Pope Innocent XI , born Benedetto Odescalchi, was Pope from 1676 to 1689.-Early life:Benedetto Odescalchi was born at Como in 1611 , the son of a Como nobleman, Livio Odescalchi, and Paola Castelli Giovanelli from Gandino...
after the victory of the Austrian
Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918. The Imperial capital was Vienna, except from 1583 to 1611, when it was moved to Prague...
-Polish
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...
armies
Army
An army An army An army (from Latin arma "arms, weapons" via Old French armée, "armed" (feminine), in the broadest sense, is the land-based military of a nation or state. It may also include other branches of the military such as the air force via means of aviation corps...
under the command of John III Sobieski
John III Sobieski
John III Sobieski was one of the most notable monarchs of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, from 1674 until his death King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. Sobieski's 22-year-reign was marked by a period of the Commonwealth's stabilization, much needed after the turmoil of the Deluge and...
over the Turks
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
at the Battle of Vienna
Battle of Vienna
The Battle of Vienna took place on 11 and 12 September 1683 after Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months...
in 1683. Abbot
Abbot
The word abbot, meaning father, is a title given to the head of a monastery in various traditions, including Christianity. The office may also be given as an honorary title to a clergyman who is not actually the head of a monastery...
Giuseppe Bianchi
Giuseppe Bianchi (abbot)
Abbot Giuseppe Bianchi, from Sabina, instituted a cult of the Most Holy Name of Mary in 1685 at Santo Stefano del Cacco, and soon afterwards established the Congregation of the Most Holy Name of Mary, which was formally approved in 1688. This was the precursor of the church of Santissimo Nome di...
instituted devotion to the most holy name of Mary in 1685 at Santo Stefano del Cacco
Santo Stefano del Cacco
Santo Stefano de Pinea or more commonly Santo Stefano del Cacco is a church in Rome dedicated to Saint Stephen, located at Via di Santo Stefano del Cacco 26.-Name:...
, and soon afterwards established the Congregation of the Most Holy Name of Mary, which was formally approved in 1688.
History
In 1694, the congregation moved to San Bernardo a Colonna Traiani, but the next year, realizing that they needed to build a new church, they acquired the adjacent plot and had Santissimo Nome di Maria built by the FrenchmanFrance
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Antoine Derizet
Antoine Derizet
Antoine Dérizet , of Lyon, was an experimentally classicizing French Late Baroque architect who spent much of his career in Rome, where he designed the churches of Church of SS...
(1736-1741). In 1748, seven years later, San Bernardo was demolished, but the icon
Icon
An icon is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from Eastern Christianity and in certain Eastern Catholic churches...
of Mary
Mary (mother of Jesus)
Mary , commonly referred to as "Saint Mary", "Mother Mary", the "Virgin Mary", the "Blessed Virgin Mary", or "Mary, Mother of God", was a Jewish woman of Nazareth in Galilee...
had been transferred from it to the new church in 1741. Once a year, it is carried in solemn procession
Procession
A procession is an organized body of people advancing in a formal or ceremonial manner.-Procession elements:...
from the site of San Bernardo to its present place above the high altar of Santissimo Nome di Maria.
The interior is elliptical. There are seven small chapel
Chapel
A chapel is a building used by Christians as a place of fellowship and worship. It may be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital, palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be an entirely free-standing building,...
s, decorated in polychrome
Polychrome
Polychrome is one of the terms used to describe the use of multiple colors in one entity. It has also been defined as "The practice of decorating architectural elements, sculpture, etc., in a variety of colors." Polychromatic light is composed of a number of different wavelengths...
marble
Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.Geologists use the term "marble" to refer to metamorphosed limestone; however stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone.Marble is commonly used for...
.
Titular Holders
Cardinal holderHolder
Holder may refer to:People with the surname Holder:* Holder In mathematics:* Hölder condition* Hölder's inequality* Hölder mean* Jordan–Hölder theoremIn sports:* Holder In devices:...
s of the Titular Church of Santissimo Nome di Maria al Foro Traiano:
- Sergio GuerriSergio GuerriSergio Guerri was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as personal theologian to five popes from 1955 to 1989, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Biography:...
(28 April 1969-15 March 1992) - Darío Castrillón Hoyos (21 February 1998 - Present)