Santiago Americano Freire
Encyclopedia
Santiago Americano Freire (born 1908, Nova Friburgo, State of Rio de Janeiro; deceased, May 24, 1997, Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil) was a scientist of many interests and fields of works in science and culture.
(Military College) and got his medical degree in 1932, at the Faculdade Nacional de Medicina,(National Faculty of Medicine), in the city of Rio de Janeiro. After graduation he established his medicine practice in Guarapuava
, state of Paraná
.
He got his interest for the study of the human mind and psychiatry
when he was a resident student in the Hospício Nacional da Praia Vermelha in the city of Rio de Janeiro (National Hospice of Praia Vermelha). He was discontented with the scientific and financial resources for the treatment of mental patients and not attracted to psychiatry at that time. He had been even psychoanalyzed
and was initiated in the psychoanalytic activities, but he could not "see the possibility of being of help to his heart content" .
and acquired a conspicuous exactness on the methodology of experimental science and developed with many of his students, a series of drugs and obtained many active extracts of Brazilian tropical plants.
Freire was able to reconcile his duties of his chair of Pharmacology with his clinical practice as a M.D. and did research and developed concepts on the development of psychoses and neuroses. He supported the theory of “imprinting”, of “reconditioned reflex” one of the conditioner of neurosis
syndromes and created a theory of four new neuroses: the Rejection Syndrome, the Neurosis of Hate, the Neuroses of Insecurity- Anxiety and the Neurosis of the Incestuous Links.
states.
Because he brings new ideas contrary to the concepts of the psychoanalytic establishment he has been much criticized, causing controversy. Particularly, because his book provided methodology to make a brief analysis of neurotic patients in about 20 to 30 minutes. In many cases, he achieved the cure of his patients in weeks or a couple of years; he also succeeded to improve the behavior of autistic
children, in the Instituto Pestalozzi in collaboration with Helena Antipoff. Besides the development of his theoretical concepts his book contains sections on the "techniques for the precocious diagnosis and brief therapy of neuroses" and about 132 references on which he based his ideas. He applied this techniques till the very day of his sudden death in 1997, when he had an alleged heart failure while he was closing manually the iron-gate of his house garage.
After publishing of his neuroanalysis, Santiago started writing a new book on Psichosisanalysis: dealing with the psychodynamic, genetics and neurochemistry of the pathogenesis of schizophrenics. He introduced part of his book in lectures in the Associação Médica de Minas Gerais (“Medical Association of Minas Gerais”) and the Academia Mineira de Medicina(“ Medicine Academy of Minas Gerais”,. In both these institutions he also gave lectures on the Cosmic Origin of the Biological Rhythms and Creativity and Unconscious of Carl Gustav Young.
In the 15 years prior to his death he work and wrote hard and extensively, and left both in Portuguese and English final digitized manuscripts which unfortunately he was unable to see published. In one of them, Violence Origin(1993) he proposed new approach and discussed many issues particularly those of Fromm, Toynbee, and Young related to the matter. Violence Origin was sent to several institutions including to the United Nations
Organization in New York but he never got any answer from UNO.
As a result Santiago became a painter himself. He was also a close friends of Brazilian artists such as Inimá de Paula. Thus Santiago left many pictures of his authorship some of which after his death went into auction .
In addition, he wrote a master piece “Harmonia cósmica na pintura de Leonardo (da Vinci), (Cosmic Harmony in the paintings of Leonardo), a well illustrated book also published, in 1965, by UFGM Printing House. This work was sent to most relevant libraries in Brazil and abroad. In this work, he maintains that Leonardo
, before painting his pictures, used to draw a series of geometrical figures in order to get a harmonic balance between his work and the numbers that can be found in the geometry of the known universe of his epoch, that is the solar system.
Santiago found Leonardo’s pentagon structure whose circles on which the pentagon is supported obey a geometric progression which correspond to the orbits of planets of the solar system. Santiago deduced the mathematical expression of that and the stereo perspective which he called the “Mathematics Philosophy in Leonardo’s work”. Thus “Santiago’s Leonardo” contributed with many other published works by many authors of different countries, to unveil the mysteries which involve the life of this great genius of the Renaissance period. Besides Santiago’s discoveries allowed him to transfer to his own canvas this cosmic harmony.
Education
He attended high school at the Colegio Militar de Realengo, Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
(Military College) and got his medical degree in 1932, at the Faculdade Nacional de Medicina,(National Faculty of Medicine), in the city of Rio de Janeiro. After graduation he established his medicine practice in Guarapuava
Guarapuava
Guarapuava is a city in the mid south of Paraná state in Brazil. It is the largest city in that state by area.Guarapuava is located at 25°23'36" south and 51°27'19" west. The region is known as the centre of the state of Paraná, in the third plateau, also called of the Plateau of Guarapuava...
, state of Paraná
Paraná (state)
Paraná is one of the states of Brazil, located in the South of the country, bordered on the north by São Paulo state, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Santa Catarina state and the Misiones Province of Argentina, and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay,...
.
He got his interest for the study of the human mind and psychiatry
Psychiatry
Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the study and treatment of mental disorders. These mental disorders include various affective, behavioural, cognitive and perceptual abnormalities...
when he was a resident student in the Hospício Nacional da Praia Vermelha in the city of Rio de Janeiro (National Hospice of Praia Vermelha). He was discontented with the scientific and financial resources for the treatment of mental patients and not attracted to psychiatry at that time. He had been even psychoanalyzed
Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis is a psychological theory developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis has expanded, been criticized and developed in different directions, mostly by some of Freud's former students, such as Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav...
and was initiated in the psychoanalytic activities, but he could not "see the possibility of being of help to his heart content" .
Career
From 1942 onwards, he conquered a chair of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics in the Medicine Faculty of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais(UFMG) where he worked for 30 years. Besides a M.D., he became an expert on pharmacologyPharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function...
and acquired a conspicuous exactness on the methodology of experimental science and developed with many of his students, a series of drugs and obtained many active extracts of Brazilian tropical plants.
Freire was able to reconcile his duties of his chair of Pharmacology with his clinical practice as a M.D. and did research and developed concepts on the development of psychoses and neuroses. He supported the theory of “imprinting”, of “reconditioned reflex” one of the conditioner of neurosis
Neurosis
Neurosis is a class of functional mental disorders involving distress but neither delusions nor hallucinations, whereby behavior is not outside socially acceptable norms. It is also known as psychoneurosis or neurotic disorder, and thus those suffering from it are said to be neurotic...
syndromes and created a theory of four new neuroses: the Rejection Syndrome, the Neurosis of Hate, the Neuroses of Insecurity- Anxiety and the Neurosis of the Incestuous Links.
Publications
All his research results, with documented case histories of his clinic and also those described by Freud, were object of his book Neurosanálise,( Neurosisanalysis) published in 1977, by the Printing House of the UFMG. This book is well-known by the psychoanalytic circles of Rio de Janeiro and Minas GeraisMinas Gerais
Minas Gerais is one of the 26 states of Brazil, of which it is the second most populous, the third richest, and the fourth largest in area. Minas Gerais is the Brazilian state with the largest number of Presidents of Brazil, the current one, Dilma Rousseff, being one of them. The capital is the...
states.
Because he brings new ideas contrary to the concepts of the psychoanalytic establishment he has been much criticized, causing controversy. Particularly, because his book provided methodology to make a brief analysis of neurotic patients in about 20 to 30 minutes. In many cases, he achieved the cure of his patients in weeks or a couple of years; he also succeeded to improve the behavior of autistic
Autism
Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. These signs all begin before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their...
children, in the Instituto Pestalozzi in collaboration with Helena Antipoff. Besides the development of his theoretical concepts his book contains sections on the "techniques for the precocious diagnosis and brief therapy of neuroses" and about 132 references on which he based his ideas. He applied this techniques till the very day of his sudden death in 1997, when he had an alleged heart failure while he was closing manually the iron-gate of his house garage.
After publishing of his neuroanalysis, Santiago started writing a new book on Psichosisanalysis: dealing with the psychodynamic, genetics and neurochemistry of the pathogenesis of schizophrenics. He introduced part of his book in lectures in the Associação Médica de Minas Gerais (“Medical Association of Minas Gerais”) and the Academia Mineira de Medicina(“ Medicine Academy of Minas Gerais”,. In both these institutions he also gave lectures on the Cosmic Origin of the Biological Rhythms and Creativity and Unconscious of Carl Gustav Young.
In the 15 years prior to his death he work and wrote hard and extensively, and left both in Portuguese and English final digitized manuscripts which unfortunately he was unable to see published. In one of them, Violence Origin(1993) he proposed new approach and discussed many issues particularly those of Fromm, Toynbee, and Young related to the matter. Violence Origin was sent to several institutions including to the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Organization in New York but he never got any answer from UNO.
Painting
Another tract of Santiago personality was that by influence of his wife Ariadne,who was an artist painter,he acquired a deep interest in the arts. This was also enhanced, because he for a time hosted in his home the famous painter Alberto da Veiga Guignard, who had a feeble healthy condition. Santiago became his voluntary private doctor. Guignard owes his life—and much of his present success to the dedicated Santiago Americano Freire, who nursed him back to health from a nearly fatal case of the diabetes failure. He also arranged that Guinard got a state pension of $100 a month; further Santiago provided most of his exhibitions. In one year alone Guignard sold more than 100 of his paintings.As a result Santiago became a painter himself. He was also a close friends of Brazilian artists such as Inimá de Paula. Thus Santiago left many pictures of his authorship some of which after his death went into auction .
In addition, he wrote a master piece “Harmonia cósmica na pintura de Leonardo (da Vinci), (Cosmic Harmony in the paintings of Leonardo), a well illustrated book also published, in 1965, by UFGM Printing House. This work was sent to most relevant libraries in Brazil and abroad. In this work, he maintains that Leonardo
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italian Renaissance polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist and writer whose genius, perhaps more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance...
, before painting his pictures, used to draw a series of geometrical figures in order to get a harmonic balance between his work and the numbers that can be found in the geometry of the known universe of his epoch, that is the solar system.
Santiago found Leonardo’s pentagon structure whose circles on which the pentagon is supported obey a geometric progression which correspond to the orbits of planets of the solar system. Santiago deduced the mathematical expression of that and the stereo perspective which he called the “Mathematics Philosophy in Leonardo’s work”. Thus “Santiago’s Leonardo” contributed with many other published works by many authors of different countries, to unveil the mysteries which involve the life of this great genius of the Renaissance period. Besides Santiago’s discoveries allowed him to transfer to his own canvas this cosmic harmony.
Physics
Santiago also had a profound interest in Physics and Cosmology. He wrote in 1970 The quantic field structure theory, published, in 1970 by UFGM Printing House, where he deals with these complex matters.External links
- http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,874265,00.html
- http://www.galeriaerrolflynn.com.br/leilao_nov2004/
- http://www.centroreichiano.com.br/artigos/anais/
- http://www.palaciodosleiloes.art.br/leilao/2005abril/Parte-2.htm