San Martín de Hidalgo
Encyclopedia
San Martín de Hidalgo is a city
and municipality
, in Jalisco
in central-western Mexico
. The municipality covers an area of 324.57 km².
As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 26,306; and the city had a population of 8,092.
The area is known for its varied tourism from neo-classical churches and porfirian
mansions to geographical places like the expansive Sierra de Quila, as well as cascades, reserves, and dams.
The city has also been subject to many historical events: a pilgrimage from Cocula during the Cristero War
, and a visit from then-president Venustiano Carranza
during the Mexican Revolution
in 1916.
In territorial means, the municipality is divided into six regional subcommittees all chaired by the municipal seat, they are El Crucero de Santa María
, El Salitre
, El Tepehuaje de Morelos
, Buenavista de Cañedo
, and Santa Cruz de las Flores. Each of these Municipal Delegations serve as the regional seats for other smaller communities called Municipal Agencies.
for "the place of the thistles"; huitzquilit meaning "thistle
" and co meaning "place".
, Purépecha, and Tepenahuales people settled in Huitzquilic. Under the leadership of Amecatl, present day Ameca, Jalisco
, Huitzquilic was ruled by Huitzingarit
. The Spanish
discovered the town in 1540, during their arrival. The Spanish conquistadors baptized Huitzingarit, the leader, giving him the name of "Martín Santiago Huitzingarit". Because of Huitzingarit's humbleness, the explorers awarded him with a plot of land and the title of captain.
Since being the chief of his town, Huitzingarit's baptismal name was the basis for the new name of the new Spanish settlement, San Martín. The town was later known as "San Martín de la Cal", because of the area's abundance in lime. By 1823, the town is mentioned as a free municipality. It was not until 1883, that "San Martín de la Cal" is changed to "San Martín de Hidalgo", in honor of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla "the father of the nation".
, United States
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
and municipality
Municipalities of Jalisco
The Mexican state of Jalisco is divided into125 municipalities...
, in Jalisco
Jalisco
Jalisco officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in Western Mexico and divided in 125 municipalities and its capital city is Guadalajara.It is one of the more important states...
in central-western Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. The municipality covers an area of 324.57 km².
As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 26,306; and the city had a population of 8,092.
The area is known for its varied tourism from neo-classical churches and porfirian
Porfirio Díaz
José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori was a Mexican-American War volunteer and French intervention hero, an accomplished general and the President of Mexico continuously from 1876 to 1911, with the exception of a brief term in 1876 when he left Juan N...
mansions to geographical places like the expansive Sierra de Quila, as well as cascades, reserves, and dams.
The city has also been subject to many historical events: a pilgrimage from Cocula during the Cristero War
Cristero War
The Cristero War of 1926 to 1929 was an uprising and counter-revolution against the Mexican government in power at that time. The rebellion was set off by the strict enforcement of the anti-clerical provisions of the Mexican Constitution of 1917 and the expansion of further anti-clerical laws...
, and a visit from then-president Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza de la Garza, was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted...
during the Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution...
in 1916.
In territorial means, the municipality is divided into six regional subcommittees all chaired by the municipal seat, they are El Crucero de Santa María
El Crucero de Santa María
El Crucero de Santa María is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 3,228 inhabitants.-External links:*...
, El Salitre
El Salitre
El Salitre is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 2,434 inhabitants.-External links:*...
, El Tepehuaje de Morelos
El Tepehuaje de Morelos
El Tepehuaje de Morelos is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 2,163 inhabitants. The town was named after Mexican independence insurgent José María Morelos.-External links:*...
, Buenavista de Cañedo
Buenavista de Cañedo
Buenavista de Cañedo, officially Buenavista, is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 2,001 inhabitants.-External links:*...
, and Santa Cruz de las Flores. Each of these Municipal Delegations serve as the regional seats for other smaller communities called Municipal Agencies.
Toponomy
During the Pre-Hispanic period, the town's name was Huitzquilic, which is NahuatlNahuatl
Nahuatl is thought to mean "a good, clear sound" This language name has several spellings, among them náhuatl , Naoatl, Nauatl, Nahuatl, Nawatl. In a back formation from the name of the language, the ethnic group of Nahuatl speakers are called Nahua...
for "the place of the thistles"; huitzquilit meaning "thistle
Thistle
Thistle is the common name of a group of flowering plants characterised by leaves with sharp prickles on the margins, mostly in the family Asteraceae. Prickles often occur all over the plant – on surfaces such as those of the stem and flat parts of leaves. These are an adaptation that protects the...
" and co meaning "place".
History
In 1480, the CocaCoca
Coca, Erythroxylum coca, is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to western South America. The plant plays a significant role in many traditional Andean cultures...
, Purépecha, and Tepenahuales people settled in Huitzquilic. Under the leadership of Amecatl, present day Ameca, Jalisco
Ameca, Jalisco
Ameca is a city and municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 685.73 km². The city is bisected by the Ameca River which drains to the Pacific Ocean near Puerto Vallarta....
, Huitzquilic was ruled by Huitzingarit
Martín Huitzingarit
Huitzingarit , later baptized as Martín Santiago, was the last principal chief of the indigenous settlement of Huitzquilic, present-day San Martín de Hidalgo, Jalisco....
. The Spanish
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
discovered the town in 1540, during their arrival. The Spanish conquistadors baptized Huitzingarit, the leader, giving him the name of "Martín Santiago Huitzingarit". Because of Huitzingarit's humbleness, the explorers awarded him with a plot of land and the title of captain.
Since being the chief of his town, Huitzingarit's baptismal name was the basis for the new name of the new Spanish settlement, San Martín. The town was later known as "San Martín de la Cal", because of the area's abundance in lime. By 1823, the town is mentioned as a free municipality. It was not until 1883, that "San Martín de la Cal" is changed to "San Martín de Hidalgo", in honor of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla "the father of the nation".
Tourism
San Martín de Hidalgo is notable for the following touristic attractions and natural features.Architecture
- La Capilla de la Concepción, also known as La Conchita, was first utilized as a hospital for the Tepenahuales of the area in the mid-1500s. It is the oldest standing building in the town, the Capilla faces the principal cathedral.
- La Parroquia de San Martín de Tours was built along with the "portales" and the "Plaza de Armas" in 1883, when the town was ranked as a free municipality.
- Templo del Calvario a church in the southern part of the town.
- Los Portales are a collection of two elongated buildings that display arched columned porches on their facades. On the portales, many businesses including shops and restaurants are located. The western portal is sometimes referred to as Portal Zaragoza.
- La Gran Tenoxititlán a grocery store that bears a dignified NeoclassicalNeoclassical architectureNeoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century, manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulas as an outgrowth of some classicizing...
style that was popular during the 1800s.
Geography
- Sierra de Quila a large government-protected forest that contains OakOakAn oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus , of which about 600 species exist. "Oak" may also appear in the names of species in related genera, notably Lithocarpus...
, PinePinePines are trees in the genus Pinus ,in the family Pinaceae. They make up the monotypic subfamily Pinoideae. There are about 115 species of pine, although different authorities accept between 105 and 125 species.-Etymology:...
, and RedwoodRedwood-Trees:Conifers* Family Cupressaceae *** Sequoia sempervirens - coast redwood**** Albino redwood*** Sequoiadendron giganteum - giant sequoia*** Metasequoia glyptostroboides - dawn redwood* Family Pinaceae...
trees. The towns of Mesa del CobreMesa del CobreMesa del Cobre is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican state of Jalisco, approximately 2 hours southwest of Guadalajara.-Toponymics:...
, El CobreEl Cobre, JaliscoEl Cobre is a rural town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The town is in between the towns of Lagunillas and Mesa del Cobre, in Sierra de Quila, Jalisco's second-largest forest reserve....
, and LagunillasLagunillas, JaliscoLagunillas is a rural town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The town is enclaved in the local and state-wide touristic area Sierra de Quila, one of Jalisco's largest protected forests....
neighbor the breath-taking forest. - Presa del Guaje a dam near the municipal seat. It is perhaps the largest dam in the municipality, if not the region.
- Presa San JerónimoSan Jeronimo DamThe San Jerónimo Dam is a dam located near the hill of La Tecolota in the town of San Jerónimo, Jalisco, Mexico. The dam was built at a cost of 8,461,000; it was inaugurated on February 10, 2009 by the state governor Emilio González Márquez....
newly built dam inaugurated by the state's governor, it is located in the southwestern part of the municipality.
Municipal Delegations
- El Crucero de Santa MaríaEl Crucero de Santa MaríaEl Crucero de Santa María is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 3,228 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 3,175) - El SalitreEl SalitreEl Salitre is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 2,434 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 2,708) - El Tepehuaje de MorelosEl Tepehuaje de MorelosEl Tepehuaje de Morelos is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 2,163 inhabitants. The town was named after Mexican independence insurgent José María Morelos.-External links:*...
(pop. 2,245) - Buenavista de CañedoBuenavista de CañedoBuenavista de Cañedo, officially Buenavista, is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 2,001 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 2,163) - Santa Cruz de las Flores (pop. 1,531)
Municipal Agencies
- Trapiche de Abra (pop. 1,280)
- Labor de MedinaLabor de MedinaLabor de Medina is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 863 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 863) - Los GuerreroLos GuerreroLos Guerrero is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 674 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 724) - IpazolticIpazolticIpazoltic is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican state of Jalisco. It is known for the lime mines it had, those of which produced the constructional material for the government buildings in Guadalajara....
(pop. 533) - San Jerónimo (Los Barbosa)San Jerónimo (Los Barbosa)-Flora:Many native trees live numerously in the town and the slopes, most of them are leguminous. These trees are:-Economy:The economy in the town was mostly farming maize in cuamiles, which are crops on mountain slopes, and cattle ranching...
(pop. 355) - San Isidro Palo VerdeSan Isidro Palo VerdeSan Isidro Palo Verde is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 341 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 347) - Jesús María (El Zapote)Jesús María (El Zapote)Jesús María, also known as El Zapote, is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 278 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 319) - Lázaro CárdenasLazaro Cardenas, JaliscoLázaro Cárdenas, also known as Cárdenas, is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican State of Jalisco.-History:...
(pop. 297) - Los VergaraLos VergaraLos Vergara is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 269 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 281) - San JacintoSan JacintoSan Jacinto is Spanish for Saint Hyacinth; as a place name, it may refer to:* San Jacinto, Bolívar, Colombia* San Jacinto, Chiquimula, Guatemala* San Jacinto, Comondú, Mexico* San Jacinto, Lerdo, Mexico* San Jacinto, Ancash Region, Peru...
(pop. 269) - CamajapitaCamajapitaCamajapita is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 280 inhabitants. The town takes it name after the adjacent town of Camajapa, which lies on the municipality of Cocula, Jalisco....
(pop. 238) - Venustiano CarranzaVenustiano CarranzaVenustiano Carranza de la Garza, was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted...
(pop. 199) - Santa Rosa del JilgueroSanta Rosa del JilgueroSanta Rosa del Jilguero is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 47 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 161) - Río GrandeRio GrandeThe Rio Grande is a river that flows from southwestern Colorado in the United States to the Gulf of Mexico. Along the way it forms part of the Mexico – United States border. Its length varies as its course changes...
(pop. 141) - San Jacintito (El Ranchito)San Jacintito (El Ranchito)San Jacintito, also known as El Ranchito, is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 119 inhabitants.-External links:*...
(pop. 122) - LagunillasLagunillas, JaliscoLagunillas is a rural town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The town is enclaved in the local and state-wide touristic area Sierra de Quila, one of Jalisco's largest protected forests....
(pop. 106) - Mesa del CobreMesa del CobreMesa del Cobre is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican state of Jalisco, approximately 2 hours southwest of Guadalajara.-Toponymics:...
(pop. 44) - El CobreEl Cobre, JaliscoEl Cobre is a rural town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The town is in between the towns of Lagunillas and Mesa del Cobre, in Sierra de Quila, Jalisco's second-largest forest reserve....
(pop. 36)
Other communities
- Las ParedesLas Paredes, JaliscoLas Paredes is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Its Municipal Agent is Alfredo Moreno Maldonado and its Municipal Sub-agent Brenda Yessenia Medina Loreto, elected with 23 votes in favor.-External links:*...
- La MaderaLa MaderaLa Madera is the name given to the easternmost part of the town of San Jerónimo in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico. The area was known for its lumber, brought down from the Sierra de Quila, and was used for making corrals, and for house construction.- History :The area...
- Planta de Beneficio
In popular culture
- It has been said that film actress María VictoriaMaria VictoriaMaría Victoria is a Mexican film and television actress and singer, who is best known for her role of "Inocencia" in La criada bien criada and its spin-off television series of the same name.-Early life:...
, best-known as "Inocencia" in La criada bien criadaLa criada bien criadaLa criada bien criada is a 1972 Mexican comedy film from Diana Film S. A. directed by Fernando Cortés starring María Victoria, and Chabelo.-Plot:...
, might have been born in San Martín de Hidalgo or Los Vergara.
- In the Mexican telenovelaTelenovelaA telenovela is a limited-run serial dramatic programming popular in Latin American, Portuguese, and Spanish television programming. The word combines tele, short for televisión or televisão , and novela, a Spanish or Portuguese word for "novel"...
of Querida EnemigaQuerida EnemigaQuerida Enemiga is a telenovela distributed by Televisa. It starts Ana Layevska, Gabriel Soto, Carmen Becerra and Jorge Aravena. The telenovela is a production of Lucero Suárez.-Synopsis:...
, the protagonist "Lorena de la Cruz" (Ana LayevskaAna LayevskaAnna Laevski Rastsvetaeva , better known as Ana Layevska, is a Russian-Mexican actress.-Early life:Born in Kiev, Ukraine, Ana is the only child of Russian parents, Sergei Laevski and Inna Rastsvetaeva. Ana and her family moved to Mexico when she was nine years old...
) and the antagonist "Sara de la Cruz" (Carmen BecerraCarmen BecerraCarmen Becerra G. is a Mexican television actress best known for her roles as "Sara de la Cruz" in Querida Enemiga with "Adriana" in Zacatillo, un lugar en tu corazón and Marissa in Amorcito Corazon...
), were said to have been born in San Martín de Hidalgo. This was revealed in an episode where the protagonist's mother Zulema (Socorro Bonilla) was giving her daughter's birth information to the police.
- In 2006, Meza Video Productions filmed the video San Martin de Hidalgo for their "Videos de Mexico" series. The direct-to-video movie revolved around the sightseeing in the town as well as residents' interviews about the locale. It was released on DVD the same year.
Sister city
San Martín de Hidalgo has one sister city. Morgan Hill, CaliforniaMorgan Hill, California
Morgan Hill is a city located in the southern part of Santa Clara County, California, United States. Founded on November 10, 1906, the city was named after Hiram Morgan Hill, a San Franciscan who built a country retreat home there in 1884...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...