Resistance
Encyclopedia
Physics
- Electrical resistanceElectrical resistanceThe electrical resistance of an electrical element is the opposition to the passage of an electric current through that element; the inverse quantity is electrical conductance, the ease at which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallels with the mechanical...
, a measure of the degree to which an object opposes an electric current through it - FrictionFrictionFriction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and/or material elements sliding against each other. There are several types of friction:...
, the force that opposes motion- Drag (physics)Drag (physics)In fluid dynamics, drag refers to forces which act on a solid object in the direction of the relative fluid flow velocity...
("air resistance"), fluid or gas forces opposing motion and flow
- Drag (physics)
- Geological resistanceGeological resistanceGeological resistance is a measure of how well minerals resist erosive factors, and is primarily based on hardness, chemical reactivity and cohesion. The more hardness, less reactivity and more cohesion a mineral has, the less susceptible it will be to erosion...
, a measure of how well minerals resist erosive factors- Hydraulic conductivityHydraulic conductivityHydraulic conductivity, symbolically represented as K, is a property of vascular plants, soil or rock, that describes the ease with which water can move through pore spaces or fractures. It depends on the intrinsic permeability of the material and on the degree of saturation...
, the ease with which water can move through pore spaces or fractures in soil or rock
- Hydraulic conductivity
- Thermal resistance, a measure of difficulty of heat transfer through a substance
- Thermal conductivityThermal conductivityIn physics, thermal conductivity, k, is the property of a material's ability to conduct heat. It appears primarily in Fourier's Law for heat conduction....
, how well heat is conducted through a substance - Thermal resistance in electronicsThermal resistance in electronicsThermal resistance is a heat property - and a measure of a temperature difference, by which an object - or material resist a heat flow...
, heat considerations in electronics design
- Thermal conductivity
- In materials science, the term is sometimes used for hardness
Biology
- Drug resistanceDrug resistanceDrug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a drug such as an antimicrobial or an antineoplastic in curing a disease or condition. When the drug is not intended to kill or inhibit a pathogen, then the term is equivalent to dosage failure or drug tolerance. More commonly, the term is used...
- Antibiotic resistanceAntibiotic resistanceAntibiotic resistance is a type of drug resistance where a microorganism is able to survive exposure to an antibiotic. While a spontaneous or induced genetic mutation in bacteria may confer resistance to antimicrobial drugs, genes that confer resistance can be transferred between bacteria in a...
, the ability of a microorganism to withstand the effects of antibiotics - Resistance to antiviral drugs, the ability of a population of viruses to withstand the effects of an antiviral drug.
- Antibiotic resistance
- Immune systemImmune systemAn immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. It detects a wide variety of agents, from viruses to parasitic worms, and needs to distinguish them from the organism's own...
, the system in organisms that can provide disease resistance- Parasite resistance (versus immune toleranceImmune toleranceImmune tolerance or immunological tolerance is the process by which the immune system does not attack an antigen. It can be either 'natural' or 'self tolerance', in which the body does not mount an immune response to self antigens, or 'induced tolerance', in which tolerance to external antigens can...
) - Plant disease resistancePlant disease resistancePlant disease resistance is crucial to the reliable production of food, and it provides significant reductions in agricultural use of fuel, land, water and other inputs. There are numerous examples of devastating plant disease impacts , as well as recurrent severe plant disease issues...
- Disease resistance in fruit and vegetablesDisease resistance in fruit and vegetablesThere are a number of lines of defence against pests and diseases in the organic garden, principal among these being the practice of good husbandry, creating healthy soil and ensuring high standards of garden hygiene...
- Parasite resistance (versus immune tolerance
- Pesticide resistancePesticide resistancePesticide resistance is the adaptation of pest population targeted by a pesticide resulting in decreased susceptibility to that chemical. In other words, pests develop a resistance to a chemical through natural selection: the most resistant organisms are the ones to survive and pass on their...
, resistance of insects, weeds, rodents, and other "pests" to improperly used pesticides - Systemic acquired resistanceSystemic acquired resistanceThe systemic acquired resistance is a "whole-plant" resistance response that occurs following an earlier localized exposure to a pathogen. SAR is analogous to the innate immune system found in animals, and there is evidence that SAR in plants and innate immunity in animals may be evolutionarily...
, a response in plants that occurs following exposure to a pathogen - Vascular resistanceVascular resistanceVascular resistance is a term used to define the resistance to flow that must be overcome to push blood through the circulatory system. The resistance offered by the peripheral circulation is known as the systemic vascular resistance , while the resistance offered by the vasculature of the lungs...
, the resistance to flow that must be overcome in order for blood to circulate through the body. - Frost resistance, the resistance to low temperatures in plants
Investing
- Resistance (technical analysis), a price level in security trading that, if reached, activates many sell triggers
Medicine
- Airway resistanceAirway resistanceAirway resistance is a concept used in respiratory physiology to describe mechanical factors which limit the access of inspired air to the pulmonary alveoli, and thus determine airflow....
, a concept used in respiratory physiologyRespiratory physiologyRespiratory physiology is the branch of human physiology focusing upon respiration.Topics include:-Volumes:* lung volumes* vital capacity* functional residual capacity* dead space* spirometry* body plethysmography* peak flow meter-Mechanics:...
to describe mechanical factors which limit the access of inspired air to the pulmonary alveoli, and thus determine airflow.
Politics and military
- Resistance movementResistance movementA resistance movement is a group or collection of individual groups, dedicated to opposing an invader in an occupied country or the government of a sovereign state. It may seek to achieve its objects through either the use of nonviolent resistance or the use of armed force...
, a group trying to thwart foreign occupation- Resistance during World War IIResistance during World War IIResistance movements during World War II occurred in every occupied country by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation, disinformation and propaganda to hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns...
- French ResistanceFrench ResistanceThe French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
- Polish ResistancePolish resistance movement in World War IIThe Polish resistance movement in World War II, with the Home Army at its forefront, was the largest underground resistance in all of Nazi-occupied Europe, covering both German and Soviet zones of occupation. The Polish defence against the Nazi occupation was an important part of the European...
- Resistance during World War II
- Resistance (socialist youth organisation)Resistance (socialist youth organisation)Resistance is a Revolutionary Socialist youth organisation with its national headquarters in Sydney. Resistance is an independent affiliate of the Socialist Alliance with a strong historical relationship with the Democratic Socialist Perspective, which dissolved into the Socialist Alliance in...
, an Australian Marxist organisation - Draft resistanceDraft dodgerDraft evasion is a term that refers to an intentional failure to comply with the military conscription policies of the nation to which he or she is subject...
, organized or personal opposition to military conscription - HMS ResistanceHMS ResistanceFour ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Resistance. A fifth was planned but never built: was a 44-gun fifth rate launched in 1782 and blown up in 1798. was a 36-gun fifth rate launched in 1801 and wrecked in 1803. was a 38-gun fifth rate launched in 1805. She was converted into a...
, the name of four ships of the Royal Navy, and one planned one - Resistance (military)Resistance (military)In military terminology, resistance or organised resistance refers to the ability of a military unit to continue to oppose an attack. Resistance ends when a unit surrenders, when all members of unit are killed or captured, or when a unit disperses...
is the ability of an organized force to stand on the defensive - White Aryan ResistanceWhite Aryan ResistanceWhite Aryan Resistance is a neo-Nazi white separatist organization founded and led by former Ku Klux Klan leader Tom Metzger. Part of the American far right, it is based in Warsaw, Indiana and is incorporated as a business....
- Resistance: Journal of the Earth Liberation MovementResistance: Journal of the Earth Liberation MovementResistance: Journal of the Earth Liberation Movement was an environmentalist magazine that was created with the stated aim to "inform, inspire, and energize the earth liberation movement"...
, an earth liberation magazine - Resistance (YBNP), from 2011, new name of Young BNP (age 18-30)
In music
- Resistance (Burning Spear album)Resistance (Burning Spear album)Resistance is a studio album by Jamaican reggae singer Burning Spear.It was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album at the 27th Grammy Awards in 1985. Resistance, Spear's first release for Heartbeat, is regarded as one of Burning Spear's most solid albums, and reflects the atmospheric...
, 1986 album - Resistance (Mika Nakashima album)Resistance (Mika Nakashima album)"Resistance" is Nakashima Mika's first EP or mini-album, though the title track later appears on her Love album. It is also on her second album. This mini-album reached #1 on the Oricon charts and charted for six weeks....
, 2002 album - Resistance (Alove for Enemies album), 2006 album
- The Resistance (Muse album)The Resistance (album)The Resistance is the fifth studio album by English alternative rock band Muse, released in Europe on 14 September 2009, and in North America on 15 September 2009....
, 2009 album- ResistanceResistance (song)-Chart performance:On 21 February 2010, "Resistance" entered the UK Rock Chart at #2. Following from its success on the Rock Chart, on 28 February 2010, the single entered the UK Singles Chart as a new entry at #38, beating previous single: "Undisclosed Desires", which only peaked at #49....
, the title track from the same album.
- Resistance
- "Resistance", a song by Japanese band High and Mighty ColorHigh and Mighty ColorHigh and Mighty Color was a Japanese metal band active from 2003 to 2010. They notably had two vocalists; a male and a female.- Formation and Anti-Nobunaga :...
- "La Resistance" (South Park song) a song from the musical South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut
- Resistance RecordsResistance RecordsResistance Records is a record label owned by Resistance LLC, a society closely connected to the National Alliance. It produces and sells music by neo-Nazi and white separatist musicians, primarily through its website...
, a white power music label - "The Resistance", track 1 on the album New SurrenderNew SurrenderThe actual recording and production took place at multiple studios in Hollywood, California, under Avron throughout March and early April 2008. The first recording took place at Swing House Recordings in West Hollywood, followed by NRG Recording Studios in North Hollywood, where they completed at...
by US rock band AnberlinAnberlinAnberlin is an American rock band formed in Winter Haven, Florida in 2002. Since the beginning of 2007, the band has consisted of lead vocalist Stephen Christian, guitarists Joseph Milligan and Christian McAlhaney, bassist Deon Rexroat, and drummer Nathan Young.Members of Anberlin originally formed...
In video games
- ResistanceResistance (series)Resistance is a science fiction horror series of first-person shooter and third-person shooter video games developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita video game consoles.The series takes place in an...
, a series of alternate history sci-fi shooters developed for Sony video game consoles.- Resistance: Fall of ManResistance: Fall of ManResistance: Fall of Man is a first-person shooter video game for the PlayStation 3. It was developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. The game is set in an alternate history 1951, and follows Sgt...
, a Sony PlayStation 3 game - Resistance 2Resistance 2Resistance 2 is a science fiction first person shooter video game developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. The game was released in North America on November 4, 2008, Japan on November 13, 2008, and in Europe on November 28, 2008...
, sequel to Resistance: Fall of Man - Resistance 3Resistance 3Resistance 3 is a 2011 science fiction post-apocalyptic first person shooter developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. The game is the third title in the Resistance series and is the sequel to the best-selling PlayStation 3 launch title...
, the third game in the main series - Resistance: RetributionResistance: RetributionResistance: Retribution is a third-person shooter handheld game developed for Sony's PlayStation Portable. It was announced on July 15, 2008 at Sony's E3 press conference and released on March 12, 2009 in Japan, March 17, 2009 in North America, March 20, 2009 in Europe and March 26, 2009 in Australia...
, a Sony PlayStation Portable game - Resistance: Burning SkiesResistance: Burning SkiesResistance: Burning Skies is an upcoming first-person shooter game for the PlayStation Vita developed by Nihilistic Software and to be published by Sony Computer Entertainment. It was formally announced on August 17, 2011 at GamesCom and will be partially controlled by touch-screen...
, a Sony PlayStation Vita game
- Resistance: Fall of Man
- Operation Flashpoint: Resistance, expansion pack of video game Operation Flashpoint
- "Resistance", a map of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 is a first-person shooter video game, developed by Infinity Ward and Sledgehammer Games, with Raven Software having assisted in development...
multiplayer.
In television
- Resistance (V), a group of humans opposing an alien takeover in the V television series
- "Resistance" (Battlestar Galactica)Resistance (Battlestar Galactica)"Resistance" is the fourth episode of the second season of the reimagined Battlestar Galactica television series. It aired originally on the Sci Fi Channel on August 5, 2005....
, a Battlestar Galactica episode - "Resistance" (Star Trek: Voyager episode), the 28th episode of Star Trek: Voyager
In fiction
- Resistance (film)Resistance (film)Resistance is a war movie released in 2003. It was written by Todd Komarnicki and Anita Shreve, stars Bill Paxton, Julia Ormond, Philippe Volter, Sandrine Bonnaire, and Victor Reinier, and was directed by Todd Komarnicki. Resistance, with a 16 million euro budget, was the most expensive Dutch...
, a 2003 war film, with Bill Paxton - Resistance (2011 film)Resistance (2011 film)Resistance is a 2011 Welsh film based on the novel of the same name by Owen Sheers. It is scheduled to have a UK release on 25 November 2011 .-Cast:*Andrea Riseborough - Sarah*Michael Sheen - Tommy Atkins*Kimberley Nixon - Bethan*Iwan Rheon - George...
, a WelshWalesWales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
film, with Michael SheenMichael SheenMichael Christopher Sheen, OBE , is a Welsh stage and screen actor. He trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, England and made his professional debut opposite Vanessa Redgrave in When She Danced at the Globe Theatre in 1991... - Resistance, a 1995 novel by Anita ShreveAnita ShreveAnita Shreve is an American writer. The daughter of an airline pilot and a homemaker, she graduated from Dedham High School, attended Tufts University and began writing while working as a high school teacher in Reading MA. One of her first published stories, Past the Island, Drifting, was awarded...
- Resistance (Owen Sheers novel)Resistance (Owen Sheers novel)Resistance is a novel by Welsh poet and author Owen Sheers. The plot centres around the inhabitants of a valley near Abergavenny in Wales in 1944–45, shortly after the failure of Operation Overlord and a successful German counter-invasion of Britain , and a group of German Wehrmacht soldiers who...
, a 2007 historical novel by Owen Sheers - The Resistance (Animorphs)The Resistance (Animorphs)The Resistance is the forty-seventh book in the Animorphs series, written by K.A. Applegate. It is known to have been ghostwritten by Ellen Geroux. It is the third book in the ten-book arc that finalized the story of the Animorphs...
, an Animorphs book - Resistance (Terminator), fictional organization made up of the human survivors of Judgment Day in the Terminator series
- either of two similarly named but otherwise unrelated comic book series, both published by Wildstorm:
- Resistance (comics)Resistance (comics)Resistance is a comic book limited series published by Wildstorm, based on the Resistance video game series. It is written by Mike Costa, with art by Ramón Pérez, with the prequel being written by Dan Abnett and Andy Lanning, with pencils by C.P. Smith...
, based on the video game of the same title - The Resistance (comics)The Resistance (comics)The Resistance was a post-apocalyptic cyberpunk comic book limited series written and created by Justin Gray and Jimmy Palmiotti with art by Juan Santacruz. Totaling 8 issues, the series was published by Wildstorm, with issue #1 being cover dated November 2002. It is unrelated to and should not be...
, by Justin Gray, Jimmy Palmiotti, and Juan Santacruz
- Resistance (comics)
Other
- The Resistance (party game)The Resistance (party game)The Resistance is a party game modeling a battle between an informed minority and an uninformed majority. Players are secretly assigned roles; they are either aligned with the "Empire", who know each other; or the "Resistance", who know only the number of Resistance members amongst them...
- Resistance (Doctor Who audio)Resistance (Doctor Who audio)Resistance is a Big Finish Productions audiobook based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.The Companion Chronicles "talking books" are each narrated by one of the Doctor's companions and feature a second, guest-star voice along with music and sound effects.-...
Dr Who audio presentation
Other
- La Résistance (professional wrestling)
- Resistance weldingResistance weldingElectric resistance welding refers to a group of welding processes such as spot and seam welding that produce coalescence of faying surfaces where heat to form the weld is generated by the electical reistance of material vs the time and the force used to hold the materials together during welding...
, a group of welding processes - Psychological resistancePsychological resistancePsychological resistance is the phenomenon often encountered in clinical practice in which patients either directly or indirectly oppose changing their behavior or refuse to discuss, remember, or think about presumably clinically relevant experiences....
, the act of defending one's position in response to confrontation - Response based therapyResponse based therapyResponse-based therapy is a relatively new psychotherapeutic approach to treating psychological trauma resulting from violence, based on the theory that whenever people are treated badly, they resist. Incorporating elements of Solution focused brief therapy, Narrative therapy, and discourse...
, counselling involving discussion of victims' acts of resistance to violence