Quintus Pompeius
Encyclopedia
Quintus Pompeius was the name of various Romans from the gen
s Pompeius
, who were of plebeian status. They lived during the Roman Republic
and Roman Empire
.
-player and was of humble origins. Little is known on his early life and early political career.
The Roman Senator and Historian Cicero
states that Pompeius first became noticed for his distinction in his oratory. He was consul in 141 BC and in his consulship, was sent to Hispania
as the successor of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus
in command of the Numantine War
. After several defeats, he and his troops were kept encamped before the walls of the town during the winter. Many soldiers had died from the weather and illness, Pompeius feared that the Roman Senate
would summon him to Rome
to answer to them for his accountability for the war. Pompeius decided to make peace with the Numantines.
Pompeius publicly announced to the Numantines for them to surrender, however in private only demanded the return of the hostages and payment of thirty talents
. The Numantines first were wary of this arrangement, however they agreed with Pompeius at the end.
In 139 BC, Marcus Popillius Laenas arrived to Hispania
to replace Pompeius as head of command. Laenas had discovered Pompeius’ misconduct. Laenas had lodged a complaint against Pompeius in the Roman Senate. Pompeius continued with his lie during his hearing; the senate made his treaty with the Numantines invalid and the war was renewed. Pompeius escaped punishment and was fortunate enough to obtain an acquittal when he was accused of extortion from the province he was governing in.
Pompeius was still popular among the Roman Plebs
and was among the first plebeians with Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus to be elected as censors. Pompeius’ wife was an unnamed Roman woman. His son was called Quintus Pompeius who was an opponent to politician Tiberius Gracchus
and a daughter Pompeia who married a certain Gaius Sicinius.
.
Pompeius stated that he lived near Gracchus and knew a certain wealthy Greek, Eudemus from Pergamon
, who gave Gracchus a purple robe and royal treasures including a diadem
. Eudemus also promised Gracchus more treasures, when his tribune
ship had expired. Pompeius was elected tribune of the plebs in 132 BC and opposed Gracchus’ land reforms. Pompeius married an unnamed Roman woman and had two sons: Quintus Pompeius Rufus, consul of 88 BC and tribune Aulus Pompeius
.
Note: This Quintus Pompeius above, consul in 141 and censor in 131, may have been the opponent of Gracchus.
. He appears to be the first in his family to bear the cognomen
Rufus
. However, the origins of him gaining this cognomen are unknown - although it may simply be that he was red-haired.
Cicero
states that Pompeius was among the orators he had heard in his youth. Pompeius was a supporter of the Dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
. In 100 BC Pompeius was tribune of the plebs
; was praetor
in 91 BC and served his consulship with Sulla in 88 BC. When the civil war broke out between Sulla and Gaius Marius
, Pompeius was deprived of his consulship and fled to Nola
, where Pompeius met up with Sulla and his army. Sulla took the place in the war against Mithridates and left Pompeius in charge of Italy
.
While Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo was commanding the war against the Marsi
tribe, the Optimates gave his army to Pompeius Rufus, the new consul. This caused Pompeius Rufus to be murdered by Strabo’s soldiers.
Pompeius had married an unnamed Roman woman and they had a son a younger Quintus Pompeius Rufus, who married Sulla’s first daughter Cornelia Sulla
.
, the first daughter of dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
. Cornelia and Pompeius had two children a son Quintus Pompeius Rufus and a daughter Pompeia, who married the future dictator Gaius Julius Caesar
as his second wife. This Pompeius was murdered in the Roman Forum
in 88 BC, by the supporters of politician Gaius Marius
.
by an unnamed woman. He is the first member of the family to bear the cognomen
Bithynicus. However, the origins of him gaining this cognomen are unknown.
Pompeius was a friend to Cicero, whom he studied together with. Cicero considered this Pompeius as a great learner, who was an average orator. When the civil war broke out between Pompey
and Julius Caesar
, Pompeius supported Pompey. After the battle at Pharsalia
Greece
, he fled with Pompey, along with Pompey’s remaining supporters in Egypt
. On their arrival to Egypt, they were killed on the orders of Greek
Pharaoh
of Egypt Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
. Pompeius married an unnamed woman and they had a son Aulus Pompeius
Bithynicus.
. His maternal grandparents were dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
and his first wife Ilia. While his paternal grandfather was consul of 88 BC Quintus Pompeius Rufus, while paternal grandmother is unknown.
In 54 BC, he was accused by Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus
to bribe voters to gain the consulship. He was tribune
of the plebs in 52 BC and was a supporter of triumvir Pompey
.
Marcus Caelius Rufus
accused Pompeius of violating laws of the Roman Senate
, which he had taken an active role in passing. He was condenmed and was exiled to Campania
. Also Caelius accused Pompeius of forcing his mother to give him, the property that belonged to his father. The last instance that the sources mention Pompeius is when in 51 BC, the enemies of Pompeius had spread false rumors that Pompeius murdered Cicero
on his way to Cilicia
.
in 63 BC. It is unknown how this Pompeius was related to the above named. In 62 BC, he went to Capua
, in fear of the supporters of politician Catiline
.
Pompeius was the governor of the Africa
n Province in 61 BC, where he obtained the title of Proconsul
and Cicero
states he governed with integrity. In 56 BC, he bore witness to Marcus Caelius Rufus
, who was in Africa at that time.
in 99.
Gen
Gen may refer to:* Gen , 2006 Turkish horror film directed by Togan Gökbakar* Gen language, the language of Togo* Gen , a video game character from the Street Fighter series...
s Pompeius
Pompeius
Pompeius , sometimes anglicized as Pompey, is the nomen of the gens Pompeia, an important family of ancient Rome from the Italian region of Picenum, which lies between the Apennines and the Adriatic...
, who were of plebeian status. They lived during the Roman Republic
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic was the period of the ancient Roman civilization where the government operated as a republic. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, traditionally dated around 508 BC, and its replacement by a government headed by two consuls, elected annually by the citizens and...
and Roman Empire
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
.
Consul of 141 BC
Quintus Aulus Pompeius (flourished 2nd century BC) was the son of an Aulus Pompeius by an unnamed Roman woman, who was a fluteFlute
The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. Unlike woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air across an opening...
-player and was of humble origins. Little is known on his early life and early political career.
The Roman Senator and Historian Cicero
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero , was a Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Roman constitutionalist. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the equestrian order, and is widely considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists.He introduced the Romans to the chief...
states that Pompeius first became noticed for his distinction in his oratory. He was consul in 141 BC and in his consulship, was sent to Hispania
Hispania
Another theory holds that the name derives from Ezpanna, the Basque word for "border" or "edge", thus meaning the farthest area or place. Isidore of Sevilla considered Hispania derived from Hispalis....
as the successor of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus was a Praetor in 148 BC, Consul in 143 BC, Proconsul of Hispania Citerior in 142 BC and Censor in 131 BC. He was the oldest son of Quintus Caecilius Metellus and grandson of Lucius Caecilius Metellus.A brilliant general, he fought in the Third Macedonian War...
in command of the Numantine War
Numantine War
The Numantine War was the last conflict of the Celtiberian Wars fought by the Romans to subdue those people along the Ebro. It was a twenty year long conflict between the Celtiberian tribes of Hispania Citerior and the Roman government. It began in 154 BC as a revolt of the Celtiberians of...
. After several defeats, he and his troops were kept encamped before the walls of the town during the winter. Many soldiers had died from the weather and illness, Pompeius feared that the Roman Senate
Roman Senate
The Senate of the Roman Republic was a political institution in the ancient Roman Republic, however, it was not an elected body, but one whose members were appointed by the consuls, and later by the censors. After a magistrate served his term in office, it usually was followed with automatic...
would summon him to Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
to answer to them for his accountability for the war. Pompeius decided to make peace with the Numantines.
Pompeius publicly announced to the Numantines for them to surrender, however in private only demanded the return of the hostages and payment of thirty talents
Attic talent
The Attic talent , also known as the Athenian talent or Greek talent, is an ancient unit of mass equal to 26 kg, as well as a unit of value equal to this amount of pure silver. A talent was originally intended to be the mass of water required to fill an amphora . At the 2009 price of $414/kg, a...
. The Numantines first were wary of this arrangement, however they agreed with Pompeius at the end.
In 139 BC, Marcus Popillius Laenas arrived to Hispania
Hispania
Another theory holds that the name derives from Ezpanna, the Basque word for "border" or "edge", thus meaning the farthest area or place. Isidore of Sevilla considered Hispania derived from Hispalis....
to replace Pompeius as head of command. Laenas had discovered Pompeius’ misconduct. Laenas had lodged a complaint against Pompeius in the Roman Senate. Pompeius continued with his lie during his hearing; the senate made his treaty with the Numantines invalid and the war was renewed. Pompeius escaped punishment and was fortunate enough to obtain an acquittal when he was accused of extortion from the province he was governing in.
Pompeius was still popular among the Roman Plebs
Plebs
The plebs was the general body of free land-owning Roman citizens in Ancient Rome. They were distinct from the higher order of the patricians. A member of the plebs was known as a plebeian...
and was among the first plebeians with Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus to be elected as censors. Pompeius’ wife was an unnamed Roman woman. His son was called Quintus Pompeius who was an opponent to politician Tiberius Gracchus
Tiberius Gracchus
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus was a Roman Populares politician of the 2nd century BC and brother of Gaius Gracchus. As a plebeian tribune, his reforms of agrarian legislation caused political turmoil in the Republic. These reforms threatened the holdings of rich landowners in Italy...
and a daughter Pompeia who married a certain Gaius Sicinius.
Opponent of Tiberius Gracchus
Quintus Pompeius (flourished 2nd century BC), was the son to the above and his mother is an unnamed Roman woman. In 133 BC, he was an opponent to politician Tiberius GracchusTiberius Gracchus
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus was a Roman Populares politician of the 2nd century BC and brother of Gaius Gracchus. As a plebeian tribune, his reforms of agrarian legislation caused political turmoil in the Republic. These reforms threatened the holdings of rich landowners in Italy...
.
Pompeius stated that he lived near Gracchus and knew a certain wealthy Greek, Eudemus from Pergamon
Pergamon
Pergamon , or Pergamum, was an ancient Greek city in modern-day Turkey, in Mysia, today located from the Aegean Sea on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus , that became the capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon during the Hellenistic period, under the Attalid dynasty, 281–133 BC...
, who gave Gracchus a purple robe and royal treasures including a diadem
Diadem (personal wear)
A diadem is a type of crown, specifically an ornamental headband worn by Eastern monarchs and others as a badge of royalty. The word derives from the Greek "διάδημα" , "band" or "fillet", from "διαδέω" , "I bind round", or "I fasten"....
. Eudemus also promised Gracchus more treasures, when his tribune
Tribune
Tribune was a title shared by elected officials in the Roman Republic. Tribunes had the power to convene the Plebeian Council and to act as its president, which also gave them the right to propose legislation before it. They were sacrosanct, in the sense that any assault on their person was...
ship had expired. Pompeius was elected tribune of the plebs in 132 BC and opposed Gracchus’ land reforms. Pompeius married an unnamed Roman woman and had two sons: Quintus Pompeius Rufus, consul of 88 BC and tribune Aulus Pompeius
Aulus Pompeius
Aulus Pompeius was the name of two Romans from the gens Pompeius, who were of plebs status. They lived during the Roman Republic.-Brother to Quintus Pompeius Rufus, Consul 88 BC:...
.
Note: This Quintus Pompeius above, consul in 141 and censor in 131, may have been the opponent of Gracchus.
Consul of 88 BC
Quintus Pompeius Rufus (flourished 2nd and 1st century BC, died 87 BC), was the son to the above by an unnamed woman and eldest brother to tribune Aulus PompeiusAulus Pompeius
Aulus Pompeius was the name of two Romans from the gens Pompeius, who were of plebs status. They lived during the Roman Republic.-Brother to Quintus Pompeius Rufus, Consul 88 BC:...
. He appears to be the first in his family to bear the cognomen
Cognomen
The cognomen nōmen "name") was the third name of a citizen of Ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. The cognomen started as a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditary. Hereditary cognomina were used to augment the second name in order to identify a particular branch within...
Rufus
Rufus
Rufus may refer to:People * Milan Rúfus , Slovak poet and writer* Rufus * Rufus , consul in 457* Several Saints Rufus* Rufus , French actor...
. However, the origins of him gaining this cognomen are unknown - although it may simply be that he was red-haired.
Cicero
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero , was a Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Roman constitutionalist. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the equestrian order, and is widely considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists.He introduced the Romans to the chief...
states that Pompeius was among the orators he had heard in his youth. Pompeius was a supporter of the Dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix , known commonly as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He had the rare distinction of holding the office of consul twice, as well as that of dictator...
. In 100 BC Pompeius was tribune of the plebs
Plebs
The plebs was the general body of free land-owning Roman citizens in Ancient Rome. They were distinct from the higher order of the patricians. A member of the plebs was known as a plebeian...
; was praetor
Praetor
Praetor was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities: the commander of an army, usually in the field, or the named commander before mustering the army; and an elected magistratus assigned varied duties...
in 91 BC and served his consulship with Sulla in 88 BC. When the civil war broke out between Sulla and Gaius Marius
Gaius Marius
Gaius Marius was a Roman general and statesman. He was elected consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his dramatic reforms of Roman armies, authorizing recruitment of landless citizens, eliminating the manipular military formations, and reorganizing the...
, Pompeius was deprived of his consulship and fled to Nola
Nola
Nola is a city and comune of Campania, southern Italy, in the province of Naples, situated in the plain between Mount Vesuvius and the Apennines...
, where Pompeius met up with Sulla and his army. Sulla took the place in the war against Mithridates and left Pompeius in charge of Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
.
While Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo was commanding the war against the Marsi
Marsi
Marsi is the Latin exonym for a people of ancient Italy, whose chief centre was Marruvium, on the eastern shore of Lake Fucinus, drained for agricultural land in the late 19th century. The area in which they lived is now called Marsica. During the Roman Republic the people of the region spoke a...
tribe, the Optimates gave his army to Pompeius Rufus, the new consul. This caused Pompeius Rufus to be murdered by Strabo’s soldiers.
Pompeius had married an unnamed Roman woman and they had a son a younger Quintus Pompeius Rufus, who married Sulla’s first daughter Cornelia Sulla
Cornelia Sulla
Cornelia was one of the few Roman women mentioned in Roman Republican sources. She was the eldest daughter of Dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla and his first wife, an Ilia or Julia....
.
Son-in-law of dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Quintus Pompeius Rufus (flourished 2nd and 1st century BC, died 88 BC), was the son to the above by an unnamed woman. This Pompeius married Cornelia SullaCornelia Sulla
Cornelia was one of the few Roman women mentioned in Roman Republican sources. She was the eldest daughter of Dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla and his first wife, an Ilia or Julia....
, the first daughter of dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix , known commonly as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He had the rare distinction of holding the office of consul twice, as well as that of dictator...
. Cornelia and Pompeius had two children a son Quintus Pompeius Rufus and a daughter Pompeia, who married the future dictator Gaius Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
as his second wife. This Pompeius was murdered in the Roman Forum
Roman Forum
The Roman Forum is a rectangular forum surrounded by the ruins of several important ancient government buildings at the center of the city of Rome. Citizens of the ancient city referred to this space, originally a marketplace, as the Forum Magnum, or simply the Forum...
in 88 BC, by the supporters of politician Gaius Marius
Gaius Marius
Gaius Marius was a Roman general and statesman. He was elected consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his dramatic reforms of Roman armies, authorizing recruitment of landless citizens, eliminating the manipular military formations, and reorganizing the...
.
Son of tribune Aulus Pompeius
Quintus Pompeius Bithynicus (108 BC-48 BC), was the son of the tribune Aulus PompeiusAulus Pompeius
Aulus Pompeius was the name of two Romans from the gens Pompeius, who were of plebs status. They lived during the Roman Republic.-Brother to Quintus Pompeius Rufus, Consul 88 BC:...
by an unnamed woman. He is the first member of the family to bear the cognomen
Cognomen
The cognomen nōmen "name") was the third name of a citizen of Ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. The cognomen started as a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditary. Hereditary cognomina were used to augment the second name in order to identify a particular branch within...
Bithynicus. However, the origins of him gaining this cognomen are unknown.
Pompeius was a friend to Cicero, whom he studied together with. Cicero considered this Pompeius as a great learner, who was an average orator. When the civil war broke out between Pompey
Pompey
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, also known as Pompey or Pompey the Great , was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic...
and Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
, Pompeius supported Pompey. After the battle at Pharsalia
Pharsalia
The Pharsalia is a Roman epic poem by the poet Lucan, telling of the civil war between Julius Caesar and the forces of the Roman Senate led by Pompey the Great...
Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, he fled with Pompey, along with Pompey’s remaining supporters in Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
. On their arrival to Egypt, they were killed on the orders of Greek
Greeks
The Greeks, also known as the Hellenes , are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighboring regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world....
Pharaoh
Pharaoh
Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. The title originates in the term "pr-aa" which means "great house" and describes the royal palace...
of Egypt Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator was one of the last members of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt.- Co-ruler of Egypt, inner turmoil :...
. Pompeius married an unnamed woman and they had a son Aulus Pompeius
Aulus Pompeius
Aulus Pompeius was the name of two Romans from the gens Pompeius, who were of plebs status. They lived during the Roman Republic.-Brother to Quintus Pompeius Rufus, Consul 88 BC:...
Bithynicus.
Grandson of dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Quintus Pompeius Rufus (flourished 1st century BC) was the son of Quintus Pompeius Rufus, who was murdered in 88 BC and Cornelia SullaCornelia Sulla
Cornelia was one of the few Roman women mentioned in Roman Republican sources. She was the eldest daughter of Dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla and his first wife, an Ilia or Julia....
. His maternal grandparents were dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix , known commonly as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He had the rare distinction of holding the office of consul twice, as well as that of dictator...
and his first wife Ilia. While his paternal grandfather was consul of 88 BC Quintus Pompeius Rufus, while paternal grandmother is unknown.
In 54 BC, he was accused by Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus
Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus
Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus , was a Roman politician, and consul in 53 BC.- Family :Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus was the son of an otherwise unknown Marcus Valerius Messalla and Hortensia...
to bribe voters to gain the consulship. He was tribune
Tribune
Tribune was a title shared by elected officials in the Roman Republic. Tribunes had the power to convene the Plebeian Council and to act as its president, which also gave them the right to propose legislation before it. They were sacrosanct, in the sense that any assault on their person was...
of the plebs in 52 BC and was a supporter of triumvir Pompey
Pompey
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, also known as Pompey or Pompey the Great , was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic...
.
Marcus Caelius Rufus
Marcus Caelius Rufus
Marcus Caelius Rufus was an orator and politician in the late Roman Republic. He was born into a wealthy equestrian family from Interamnia Praetuttiorum , on the central east coast of Italy...
accused Pompeius of violating laws of the Roman Senate
Roman Senate
The Senate of the Roman Republic was a political institution in the ancient Roman Republic, however, it was not an elected body, but one whose members were appointed by the consuls, and later by the censors. After a magistrate served his term in office, it usually was followed with automatic...
, which he had taken an active role in passing. He was condenmed and was exiled to Campania
Campania
Campania is a region in southern Italy. The region has a population of around 5.8 million people, making it the second-most-populous region of Italy; its total area of 13,590 km² makes it the most densely populated region in the country...
. Also Caelius accused Pompeius of forcing his mother to give him, the property that belonged to his father. The last instance that the sources mention Pompeius is when in 51 BC, the enemies of Pompeius had spread false rumors that Pompeius murdered Cicero
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero , was a Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Roman constitutionalist. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the equestrian order, and is widely considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists.He introduced the Romans to the chief...
on his way to Cilicia
Cilicia
In antiquity, Cilicia was the south coastal region of Asia Minor, south of the central Anatolian plateau. It existed as a political entity from Hittite times into the Byzantine empire...
.
Praetor of 63 BC
Quintus Pompeius Rufus (flourished 1st century BC) was a praetorPraetor
Praetor was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities: the commander of an army, usually in the field, or the named commander before mustering the army; and an elected magistratus assigned varied duties...
in 63 BC. It is unknown how this Pompeius was related to the above named. In 62 BC, he went to Capua
Capua
Capua is a city and comune in the province of Caserta, Campania, southern Italy, situated 25 km north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. Ancient Capua was situated where Santa Maria Capua Vetere is now...
, in fear of the supporters of politician Catiline
Catiline
Lucius Sergius Catilina , known in English as Catiline, was a Roman politician of the 1st century BC who is best known for the Catiline conspiracy, an attempt to overthrow the Roman Republic, and in particular the power of the aristocratic Senate.-Family background:Catiline was born in 108 BC to...
.
Pompeius was the governor of the Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
n Province in 61 BC, where he obtained the title of Proconsul
Proconsul
A proconsul was a governor of a province in the Roman Republic appointed for one year by the senate. In modern usage, the title has been used for a person from one country ruling another country or bluntly interfering in another country's internal affairs.-Ancient Rome:In the Roman Republic, a...
and Cicero
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero , was a Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Roman constitutionalist. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the equestrian order, and is widely considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists.He introduced the Romans to the chief...
states he governed with integrity. In 56 BC, he bore witness to Marcus Caelius Rufus
Marcus Caelius Rufus
Marcus Caelius Rufus was an orator and politician in the late Roman Republic. He was born into a wealthy equestrian family from Interamnia Praetuttiorum , on the central east coast of Italy...
, who was in Africa at that time.
Governor of Lower Moesia
Quintus Pompeius Rufus (flourished 1st century) was a descendant of the above named men, was governor of Lower MoesiaMoesia
Moesia was an ancient region and later Roman province situated in the Balkans, along the south bank of the Danube River. It included territories of modern-day Southern Serbia , Northern Republic of Macedonia, Northern Bulgaria, Romanian Dobrudja, Southern Moldova, and Budjak .-History:In ancient...
in 99.
Sources for Articles
- http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0499.html
- http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2807.html
- http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2808.html
- http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2809.html
- http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Tiberius_Gracchus*.html