Prussian T 9
Encyclopedia
The Prussian T 9 was a class of German steam locomotive
which included several types of tank engine, all with six coupled wheels and two carrying wheels
operated by the Prussian state railways
.
were goods train tank locomotive
s with a 0-6-2
T wheel arrangement. They were intended for service on branch lines, for goods train duties on main lines
and for shunting (rail) work. A total of 420 locomotives were built by various manufacturers for the Prussian state railways
as well as 6 units for the Cronberg Railway, which had been taken over by the state railways
in 1914.
In 1923 they were included by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
as DRG Class 90.0-2 in their initial numbering plan
with running numbers 90 001 to 90 328. In 1925 the final plan recorded locomotives with the numbers 90 001 - 021, 90 024 - 90 115, 90 117 - 122 and 90 125 - 231 as well as the incorrectly designated Class 91 group with the numbers 91 088, 91 089, 91 109 - 114 and 91 301 and 302. They were joined later by 90 234 from the Bremen harbour railway, 90 235 - 237 from the Saar Railway and 90 241 - 245 from the Lübeck-Büchen Railway, that had ordered six new T 9.1 engines in 1900 and 1903, and later bought four more, second-hand, locomotives from the Prussian state railways
.
Several examples of this engine were handed over to foreign railway administrations and some of them later returned to the Deutsche Reichsbahn
fleet during the Second World War as 90 246 - 251.
Two T9.1 have been preserved: One at the Bochum-Dahlhausen Railway Museumhttp://www.eisenbahnmuseum-bochum.de/ as "Cöln 1833", later "Cöln 7270" http://www.dgeg.de/KatalogDetail.php4?katalog_db=0&id=2&listID=7067257ccd0fea69bb37aab91d3dafa3, the other at the South German Railway Museum
, Heilbronn http://www.eisenbahnmuseum-heilbronn.de/haupttext_t9_1.html as "Cöln 1857".
was a goods train tank locomotive
with an 0-6-2
wheel arrangement. These vehicles were planned for service on the line between Elberfeld
and Cronenberg. For that purpose the firm of George Krauss
built four examples, which were very similar to the Bavarian D VIII
, because the Prussian T 3
was deemed to be too underpowered. After the locomotives had proved their worth, Henschel built another 33 examples.
In the 1923 DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
the locomotives were grouped into DRG Class 90.3 with running numbers 351 - 363. In addition they were joined by T 9.1 engines with numbers 90 154, 155, 167, 180 - 183. In the 1925 numbering plan only locomotive 90 116 was left. She was retired in 1931. Seven of these locomotives were handed over to private railways where they were in service until the 1950s.
was a 0-6-2
T tank locomotive
. They were planned for service on the Aartalbahn between Wiesbaden
and Langenschwalbach (today Bad Schwalbach), because this line, with inclines of up to 3,3%, had proven too steep for the Prussian T 3
engines on duty there. As a result it was decided in 1889 to build eight new locomotives for the 21.4 km long route.
The engines had Allan valve gear, the carrying axle was designed as an Adams axle
and the steam dome
was located on the front boiler
ring. Various brake systems were tested on these locos. In the 1923 renumbering plan, three locomotives were earmarked for renumbering to 90 002, 066 and 067. However by 1925 they had been retired.
In 1930, following the takeover of the Bremen harbour railway, two more locomotives of this type joined the Deutsche Reichsbahn
as numbers 90 232 and 90 233. However they were retired in the same year.
variant of the T9 was a goods train tank locomotive
with a 0-6-2
T wheel arrangement. It was built in 1895 by Krauss to a Bavarian design shortly before the transfer of this Hessian state railway to the Prussian state railways
. It was given the number 26 by the Upper Hessian Railway; the Prussian state railway initially designated it as "Frankfurt 1871" and in 1906 as "Frankfurt 7205".
were goods train tank locomotives with a 2-6-0T wheel arrangement. They had the same range of tasks as the T 9.1. Even its main dimensions were largely the same. The reason for its design was a fear that the riding qualities of the T 9.1 were too poor. As a result it was given a leading axle instead of a trailing axle.
Of the 235 machines built, 154 units were incorporated by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
in its 1923 renumbering plan
and designated as DRG Class 91.0-1. According to the 1925 numbering plan, 111 locomotives were taken over as 91 001–087, 91 090–108, 91 115, as well as the wrongly classified 90 023, 90 024, 90 123 and 90 124.
The locos with running numbers 91 116–121 came from the Bremen harbour railway (91 116) and the Saar Railway. They were joined in 1938 by numbers 91 131–136 from the Brunswick State Railway. In the Second World War locomotives 91 137–149 came from Poland
. After the war there were only a few left in service. The Deutsche Bundesbahn
retired its last machine in 1953 and the Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) followed suite in 1966. The Reichsbahn engine, 91 134, has been preserved and since August 2006 has been owned by the Mecklenburg Railway Society (Mecklenburgische Eisenbahnfreunden) in Schwerin
.
were tank locomotive
s that were used both in passenger and freight train services. A total of 2,060 were of this type were built for the Prussian state railways (including those engines from the East Prussian Southern Railway which was nationalised in 1903). The Royal Württemberg State Railways
procured a further 10 examples as the Württemberg T 9. The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
had bought a total of 132 T 9.3s. Even various private railways took delivery of the T 9.3. In 1925 it was included by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
as DRG Class 91.3-18 and 91.20 in its numbering plan
.
This was an evolutionary development of the Prussian T 9.2, in which the main difference was the use of a Krauss-Helmholtz bogie
instead of an Adams axle
. That meant that its top speed could be increased to 60 km/h, and later even to 65 km/h. The Reichsbahn took over 1,503 machines from Prussia
as 91 303 - 1805, of which ten T9.3s originally came from the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
; 31 from the Saar Railway as 91 1806 - 1836 and 10 Württemberg T 9s as 91 2001 - 2010. In the Second World War more locomotives were added from Belgium
as numbers 91 1837 - 1844.
In the early 1950s the Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) took over yet more T 9.3s from private railways, with the numbers 91 6501, 6576, 6577, 6581 and 6582, some of which had been converted to superheating
.
Their retirement began after 1945 and was completed in the Deutsche Bundesbahn
in 1964 and in the Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) in 1971.
Six T 9.3s remained in Austria
after the Second World War. Two were handed over to the SZD in 1948 (91 1700 and 1822), two were rather quickly retired (91 1421 in 1951 and 91 1314 in 1952). The remaining two engines, 91 1207 and 91 1347, formed ÖBB Class 691 retaining their serial numbers. Both were used in the St. Pölten region and retired in 1957.
In Germany two have been preserved: number 91 896II in Dresden and 91 936 in Berlin. The Minden Museum Railway is rebuilding a T 9.3.
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
which included several types of tank engine, all with six coupled wheels and two carrying wheels
Carrying wheels
The carrying wheels on a steam locomotive are those wheels that are not driven, i.e. they are uncoupled and run freely, unlike coupled or driving wheels. They are also described as running wheels and their axle may be called a carrying axle. Carrying wheels are referred to as leading wheels if they...
operated by the Prussian state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
.
T 9.1
Class T 9.1 of the Prussian state railwaysPrussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
were goods train tank locomotive
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
s with a 0-6-2
0-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
T wheel arrangement. They were intended for service on branch lines, for goods train duties on main lines
Main line (railway)
The Mainline or Main line of a railway is a track that is used for through trains or is the principal artery of the system from which branch lines, yards, sidings and spurs are connected....
and for shunting (rail) work. A total of 420 locomotives were built by various manufacturers for the Prussian state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
as well as 6 units for the Cronberg Railway, which had been taken over by the state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
in 1914.
In 1923 they were included by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
as DRG Class 90.0-2 in their initial numbering plan
DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
In 1922 the Deutsche Reichsbahn began to develop a renumbering plan to standardize the numbering of steam locomotives that had been taken over from the state railways . Its basis was the corresponding DRG classification system....
with running numbers 90 001 to 90 328. In 1925 the final plan recorded locomotives with the numbers 90 001 - 021, 90 024 - 90 115, 90 117 - 122 and 90 125 - 231 as well as the incorrectly designated Class 91 group with the numbers 91 088, 91 089, 91 109 - 114 and 91 301 and 302. They were joined later by 90 234 from the Bremen harbour railway, 90 235 - 237 from the Saar Railway and 90 241 - 245 from the Lübeck-Büchen Railway, that had ordered six new T 9.1 engines in 1900 and 1903, and later bought four more, second-hand, locomotives from the Prussian state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
.
Several examples of this engine were handed over to foreign railway administrations and some of them later returned to the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
fleet during the Second World War as 90 246 - 251.
Two T9.1 have been preserved: One at the Bochum-Dahlhausen Railway Museumhttp://www.eisenbahnmuseum-bochum.de/ as "Cöln 1833", later "Cöln 7270" http://www.dgeg.de/KatalogDetail.php4?katalog_db=0&id=2&listID=7067257ccd0fea69bb37aab91d3dafa3, the other at the South German Railway Museum
South German Railway Museum
The South German Railway Museum is a railway museum at Heilbronn in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany. It was founded in 1998.-Aims:...
, Heilbronn http://www.eisenbahnmuseum-heilbronn.de/haupttext_t9_1.html as "Cöln 1857".
T 9 - Elberfeld variant
The T 9 Elberfeld variant of the Prussian state railwaysPrussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
was a goods train tank locomotive
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
with an 0-6-2
0-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
wheel arrangement. These vehicles were planned for service on the line between Elberfeld
Wuppertal
Wuppertal is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in and around the Wupper river valley, and is situated east of the city of Düsseldorf and south of the Ruhr area. With a population of approximately 350,000, it is the largest city in the Bergisches Land...
and Cronenberg. For that purpose the firm of George Krauss
George Krauss
George, Baron von Krauss was a German industrialist and the founder of the Krauss Locomotive Works in Munich, Germany and Linz, Upper Austria...
built four examples, which were very similar to the Bavarian D VIII
Bavarian D VIII
The Bavarian Class D VIII were saturated steam locomotives with the Royal Bavarian State Railways .- History :...
, because the Prussian T 3
Prussian T 3
The Prussian Class T 3 steam locomotives procured for the Prussian state railways were 0-6-0 tank locomotives. Together with the Prussian T 2 they were the first locomotives that were built to railway norms. The first units were delivered by Henschel in 1882....
was deemed to be too underpowered. After the locomotives had proved their worth, Henschel built another 33 examples.
In the 1923 DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
In 1922 the Deutsche Reichsbahn began to develop a renumbering plan to standardize the numbering of steam locomotives that had been taken over from the state railways . Its basis was the corresponding DRG classification system....
the locomotives were grouped into DRG Class 90.3 with running numbers 351 - 363. In addition they were joined by T 9.1 engines with numbers 90 154, 155, 167, 180 - 183. In the 1925 numbering plan only locomotive 90 116 was left. She was retired in 1931. Seven of these locomotives were handed over to private railways where they were in service until the 1950s.
T 9 - Langenschwalbach variant
The Langenschwalbach variant of the T 9 with the Prussian state railwaysPrussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
was a 0-6-2
0-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
T tank locomotive
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
. They were planned for service on the Aartalbahn between Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden is a city in southwest Germany and the capital of the federal state of Hesse. It has about 275,400 inhabitants, plus approximately 10,000 United States citizens...
and Langenschwalbach (today Bad Schwalbach), because this line, with inclines of up to 3,3%, had proven too steep for the Prussian T 3
Prussian T 3
The Prussian Class T 3 steam locomotives procured for the Prussian state railways were 0-6-0 tank locomotives. Together with the Prussian T 2 they were the first locomotives that were built to railway norms. The first units were delivered by Henschel in 1882....
engines on duty there. As a result it was decided in 1889 to build eight new locomotives for the 21.4 km long route.
The engines had Allan valve gear, the carrying axle was designed as an Adams axle
Adams axle
The Adams axle is a form of radial axle for rail locomotives that enable them to negotiate curves more easily. It was invented by William Bridges Adams and patented in 1865. The invention uses axle boxes that slide on an arc in shaped horn blocks, so allowing the axle to slide out to either side...
and the steam dome
Steam dome
A Steam dome is a vessel fitted to the top of the boiler of a steam locomotive. It contains the opening to the main steam pipe and its purpose is to allow this opening to be kept well above the water level in the boiler...
was located on the front boiler
Boiler
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications.-Materials:...
ring. Various brake systems were tested on these locos. In the 1923 renumbering plan, three locomotives were earmarked for renumbering to 90 002, 066 and 067. However by 1925 they had been retired.
In 1930, following the takeover of the Bremen harbour railway, two more locomotives of this type joined the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
as numbers 90 232 and 90 233. However they were retired in the same year.
T 9 - Upper Hessian Railway
The single Upper Hessian RailwayUpper Hessian Railway Company
The Upper Hessian Railway Company was a private concern whose aim was to build and run railway lines in the province of Upper Hesse in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, a state within the German Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries.Whilst the Main-Weser railway had linked Wetterau, a town in the...
variant of the T9 was a goods train tank locomotive
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
with a 0-6-2
0-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
T wheel arrangement. It was built in 1895 by Krauss to a Bavarian design shortly before the transfer of this Hessian state railway to the Prussian state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
. It was given the number 26 by the Upper Hessian Railway; the Prussian state railway initially designated it as "Frankfurt 1871" and in 1906 as "Frankfurt 7205".
T 9.2
Class T 9.2 of the Prussian state railwaysPrussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
were goods train tank locomotives with a 2-6-0T wheel arrangement. They had the same range of tasks as the T 9.1. Even its main dimensions were largely the same. The reason for its design was a fear that the riding qualities of the T 9.1 were too poor. As a result it was given a leading axle instead of a trailing axle.
Of the 235 machines built, 154 units were incorporated by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
in its 1923 renumbering plan
DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
In 1922 the Deutsche Reichsbahn began to develop a renumbering plan to standardize the numbering of steam locomotives that had been taken over from the state railways . Its basis was the corresponding DRG classification system....
and designated as DRG Class 91.0-1. According to the 1925 numbering plan, 111 locomotives were taken over as 91 001–087, 91 090–108, 91 115, as well as the wrongly classified 90 023, 90 024, 90 123 and 90 124.
The locos with running numbers 91 116–121 came from the Bremen harbour railway (91 116) and the Saar Railway. They were joined in 1938 by numbers 91 131–136 from the Brunswick State Railway. In the Second World War locomotives 91 137–149 came from Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
. After the war there were only a few left in service. The Deutsche Bundesbahn
Deutsche Bundesbahn
The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB was formed as the state railway of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany on September 7, 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft '...
retired its last machine in 1953 and the Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) followed suite in 1966. The Reichsbahn engine, 91 134, has been preserved and since August 2006 has been owned by the Mecklenburg Railway Society (Mecklenburgische Eisenbahnfreunden) in Schwerin
Schwerin
Schwerin is the capital and second-largest city of the northern German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The population, as of end of 2009, was 95,041.-History:...
.
T 9.3
Class T 9.3 of the Prussian state railwaysPrussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
were tank locomotive
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
s that were used both in passenger and freight train services. A total of 2,060 were of this type were built for the Prussian state railways (including those engines from the East Prussian Southern Railway which was nationalised in 1903). The Royal Württemberg State Railways
Royal Württemberg State Railways
The Royal Württemberg State Railways were the state railways of the Kingdom of Württemberg between 1843 and 1920...
procured a further 10 examples as the Württemberg T 9. The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine were the first railways owned by the German Empire.They emerged in 1871, after France had ceded the region of Alsace-Lorraine to the German Empire under the terms of the peace treaty following the Franco-Prussian War...
had bought a total of 132 T 9.3s. Even various private railways took delivery of the T 9.3. In 1925 it was included by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
as DRG Class 91.3-18 and 91.20 in its numbering plan
DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives
In 1922 the Deutsche Reichsbahn began to develop a renumbering plan to standardize the numbering of steam locomotives that had been taken over from the state railways . Its basis was the corresponding DRG classification system....
.
This was an evolutionary development of the Prussian T 9.2, in which the main difference was the use of a Krauss-Helmholtz bogie
Krauss-Helmholtz bogie
A Krauss-Helmholtz bogie is a mechanism used on a steam locomotive, where a carrying axle is connected to a coupled axle via a lever such that when the carrying axle swings to the side on going round a curve, it causes the coupled axle to move sideways in the opposite direction...
instead of an Adams axle
Adams axle
The Adams axle is a form of radial axle for rail locomotives that enable them to negotiate curves more easily. It was invented by William Bridges Adams and patented in 1865. The invention uses axle boxes that slide on an arc in shaped horn blocks, so allowing the axle to slide out to either side...
. That meant that its top speed could be increased to 60 km/h, and later even to 65 km/h. The Reichsbahn took over 1,503 machines from Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
as 91 303 - 1805, of which ten T9.3s originally came from the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine were the first railways owned by the German Empire.They emerged in 1871, after France had ceded the region of Alsace-Lorraine to the German Empire under the terms of the peace treaty following the Franco-Prussian War...
; 31 from the Saar Railway as 91 1806 - 1836 and 10 Württemberg T 9s as 91 2001 - 2010. In the Second World War more locomotives were added from Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
as numbers 91 1837 - 1844.
In the early 1950s the Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) took over yet more T 9.3s from private railways, with the numbers 91 6501, 6576, 6577, 6581 and 6582, some of which had been converted to superheating
Superheating
In physics, superheating is the phenomenon in which a liquid is heated to a temperature higher than its boiling point, without boiling...
.
Their retirement began after 1945 and was completed in the Deutsche Bundesbahn
Deutsche Bundesbahn
The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB was formed as the state railway of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany on September 7, 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft '...
in 1964 and in the Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) in 1971.
Six T 9.3s remained in Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
after the Second World War. Two were handed over to the SZD in 1948 (91 1700 and 1822), two were rather quickly retired (91 1421 in 1951 and 91 1314 in 1952). The remaining two engines, 91 1207 and 91 1347, formed ÖBB Class 691 retaining their serial numbers. Both were used in the St. Pölten region and retired in 1957.
In Germany two have been preserved: number 91 896II in Dresden and 91 936 in Berlin. The Minden Museum Railway is rebuilding a T 9.3.
Sources
- Gerhard Moll, Hansjürgen Wenzel: Die Baureihe 91 (die preußische T 9). EK-Verlag, Freiburg 1984, ISBN 3-88255-154-2
- Herbert Rauter: Preußen-Report Band Nr. 3 Hermann Merker Verlag GmbH , Fürstenfeldbruck 1991, ISBN 3-922404-19-7
External links
- Photographs and data on locomotive 91 134
- There is a relevant English-language forum at Railways of Germany