Plantyn (elm hybrid)
Encyclopedia
'Plantyn' was one of three Dutch hybrid elm
s released in 1973. Derived from a crossing of the Dutch hybrids '202' (U. glabra 'Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) and '302' (U. minor '1' × U. minor '28'), it was to prove of great significance in later developments. A selfed seedling was to become the first Dutch clone to prove effectively immune to disease, released in 1989 as 'Columella'
. 'Plantyn' was also destined to be the female parent of 'Nanguen' (Lutèce) released in 2002.. In Italy, 'Plantyn' was used in hybridizations with the Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila by the Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante
(IPP), to create three new cultivars released to commerce (see Hybrid cultivars).
.
than its Dutch contemporaries 'Dodoens'
and 'Lobel' according to one source, rating 4 out of 5 . However, research published in France by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
(INRA) indicated that 'Plantyn' possesses a greater degree of disease resistance than the other two cultivars, although neither had actually been tested by the organization. Nevertheless, INRA still classified 'Plantyn' as only 'moderately resistant'. .
declined from over 7,000 in 1979 to zero in 2004 http://www.deboomkwekerij.nl/tsde/resources/attachments/download/true/im/false/id/69628/Iep.pdf. Like its Dutch contemporaries, 'Plantyn' has proven very tolerant of sea winds.
The TROBI http://www.treeregister.org UK champion is at West Park, Wolverhampton
, which had attained a height of 17 m and a d.b.h. of 54 cm by 2004.
'Plantyn' was not commercially released in the USA, but was evaluated at the Iowa State University
in the 1970s and may still survive there. It was also included in trials http://www.netspace.net.au/~stephenf/Resistant_Elms.html in Canberra
, Australia
, started in 1988, although it is reputed not to have thrived in that environment.
).
The tag on the specimen at Kew Gardens has 'Plantion'.
Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the plant family Ulmaceae. The dozens of species are found in temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ranging southward into Indonesia. Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests...
s released in 1973. Derived from a crossing of the Dutch hybrids '202' (U. glabra 'Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) and '302' (U. minor '1' × U. minor '28'), it was to prove of great significance in later developments. A selfed seedling was to become the first Dutch clone to prove effectively immune to disease, released in 1989 as 'Columella'
Ulmus 'Columella'
Ulmus Columella is a Dutch cultivar raised by the Dorschkamp Research Institute in Wageningen from a selfed seedling of the hybrid 'Plantyn' sown in 1967...
. 'Plantyn' was also destined to be the female parent of 'Nanguen' (Lutèce) released in 2002.. In Italy, 'Plantyn' was used in hybridizations with the Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila by the Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante
Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante
The Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante , or 'Institute of Plant Protection', is part of the Food Department of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , an Italian government organization with the aim of supporting scientific and technological research...
(IPP), to create three new cultivars released to commerce (see Hybrid cultivars).
Description
'Plantyn' is a fast-growing tree, with upright branching forming a broad crown where grown in isolation. The leaves are < 10 cm long by 7 cm broad, on < 10 mm petiolesPetiole (botany)
In botany, the petiole is the stalk attaching the leaf blade to the stem. The petiole usually has the same internal structure as the stem. Outgrowths appearing on each side of the petiole are called stipules. Leaves lacking a petiole are called sessile, or clasping when they partly surround the...
.
Pests and diseases
'Plantyn' is no more resistant to Dutch elm diseaseDutch elm disease
Dutch elm disease is a disease caused by a member of the sac fungi category, affecting elm trees which is spread by the elm bark beetle. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease has been accidentally introduced into America and Europe, where it has devastated native...
than its Dutch contemporaries 'Dodoens'
Ulmus 'Dodoens'
The Dutch hybrid cultivar Ulmus Dodoens was derived from a selfed seedling of a hybrid of the Exeter Elm Ulmus glabra 'Exoniensis', and the Himalayan Elm Ulmus wallichiana...
and 'Lobel' according to one source, rating 4 out of 5 . However, research published in France by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
The Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique is a French public research institute dedicated to scientific studies surrounding the problems of agriculture...
(INRA) indicated that 'Plantyn' possesses a greater degree of disease resistance than the other two cultivars, although neither had actually been tested by the organization. Nevertheless, INRA still classified 'Plantyn' as only 'moderately resistant'. .
Cultivation
Largely superseded by the later generation of cultivars highly resistant to Dutch elm disease, sales in the NetherlandsNetherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
declined from over 7,000 in 1979 to zero in 2004 http://www.deboomkwekerij.nl/tsde/resources/attachments/download/true/im/false/id/69628/Iep.pdf. Like its Dutch contemporaries, 'Plantyn' has proven very tolerant of sea winds.
The TROBI http://www.treeregister.org UK champion is at West Park, Wolverhampton
Wolverhampton
Wolverhampton is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England. For Eurostat purposes Walsall and Wolverhampton is a NUTS 3 region and is one of five boroughs or unitary districts that comprise the "West Midlands" NUTS 2 region...
, which had attained a height of 17 m and a d.b.h. of 54 cm by 2004.
'Plantyn' was not commercially released in the USA, but was evaluated at the Iowa State University
Iowa State University
Iowa State University of Science and Technology, more commonly known as Iowa State University , is a public land-grant and space-grant research university located in Ames, Iowa, United States. Iowa State has produced astronauts, scientists, and Nobel and Pulitzer Prize winners, along with a host of...
in the 1970s and may still survive there. It was also included in trials http://www.netspace.net.au/~stephenf/Resistant_Elms.html in Canberra
Canberra
Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory , south-west of Sydney, and north-east of Melbourne...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, started in 1988, although it is reputed not to have thrived in that environment.
Cultivars
- 'Columella'Ulmus 'Columella'Ulmus Columella is a Dutch cultivar raised by the Dorschkamp Research Institute in Wageningen from a selfed seedling of the hybrid 'Plantyn' sown in 1967...
- Unreleased cultivars raised by IPP, Florence: 'FL 580' (Heybroek's '948')
Hybrid cultivars
- 'Arno'Ulmus 'Arno'Ulmus Arno is a cultivar derived from a crossing of the Dutch hybrid cultivar 'Plantyn' with the Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila clone S.2. It was raised by the Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante in Florence, patented, and released to commerce in 2007.-Description:'Arno' is of erect habit with...
, 'Nanguen' (Lutèce), 'Plinio', 'San Zanobi', 'Warnoux' (Vada) - Unreleased cultivars raised by IPP, Florence: 'FL 568' (U. pumila × 'Plantyn'), 'FL 620' & 'FL 624' ((U. pumila × U. minor) × 'Plantyn'), 'FL 688' (('Plantyn' × U. minor) × 'Plantyn')
Etymology
The tree is named for the French printer and humanist Christoffel Plantijn (France: Christophe PlantinChristophe Plantin
Christophe Plantin was an influential Renaissance humanist and book printer and publisher.-Life:...
).
Synonymy
'Plantijn' (original Dutch form of the name).The tag on the specimen at Kew Gardens has 'Plantion'.
Accessions
Europe- Arboretum de La Petite LoiterieArboretum de la Petite LoiterieThe Arboretum de la Petite Loiterie is a young arboretum located in Le Sentier, Monthodon, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France. It is open a few days per month; an admission fee is charged....
http://lapetiteloiterie.free.fr/html/presentation/especes.html, MonthodonMonthodonMonthodon is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France....
, FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. No details available - Brighton & HoveBrighton & HoveBrighton and Hove is a unitary authority area and city on the south coast of England. It is England's most populous seaside resort.In 1997 Brighton and Hove were joined to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II as part of the millennium...
City Council, UK, NCCPG Elm Collection http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/index.cfm?request=c1108042 - Kensington GardensKensington GardensKensington Gardens, once the private gardens of Kensington Palace, is one of the Royal Parks of London, lying immediately to the west of Hyde Park. It is shared between the City of Westminster and the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. The park covers an area of 111 hectares .The open spaces...
, LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. UK champion, 16 m high, 45 cm d.b.h. in 2001 . - Royal Botanic Garden KewKewKew is a place in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in South West London. Kew is best known for being the location of the Royal Botanic Gardens, now a World Heritage Site, which includes Kew Palace...
. Acc. no. 1980-731 - Sir Harold Hillier GardensSir Harold Hillier GardensThe Sir Harold Hillier Gardens is an arboretum comprising 72 hectares accommodating over 42,000 trees and shrubs in about 12,000 taxa, notably a collection of oaks, camellia, magnolia and rhododendron....
, UK. Acc. no. 1982.4057 - Westonbirt ArboretumWestonbirt ArboretumWestonbirt, The National Arboretum is managed by the Forestry Commission. Westonbirt Arboretum is located near the historic market town of Tetbury in Gloucestershire, England, and is perhaps the most important and widely known arboretum in the United Kingdom.Planted in the heyday of Victorian plant...
http://www.forestry.gov.uk/forestry/infd-62qk8w, TetburyTetburyTetbury is a town and civil parish within the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. It lies on the site of an ancient hill fort, on which an Anglo-Saxon monastery was founded, probably by Ine of Wessex, in 681. The population of the parish was 5,250 in the 2001 census.In the Middle Ages,...
, Glos.GloucestershireGloucestershire is a county in South West England. The county comprises part of the Cotswold Hills, part of the flat fertile valley of the River Severn, and the entire Forest of Dean....
, UK. Planted 1981; acc. no. 1980/157.
Nurseries
Europe- Hollybush Nursery http://www.hollybushnursery.co.uk, Hollybush Cottage, Slaley, HexhamHexhamHexham is a market town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, located south of the River Tyne, and was the administrative centre for the Tynedale district from 1974 to 2009. The three major towns in Tynedale were Hexham, Prudhoe and Haltwhistle, although in terms of population, Prudhoe was...
, NorthumberlandNorthumberlandNorthumberland is the northernmost ceremonial county and a unitary district in North East England. For Eurostat purposes Northumberland is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three boroughs or unitary districts that comprise the "Northumberland and Tyne and Wear" NUTS 2 region...
, UK. - Johan Van Herreweghe http://www.jvh-nurseries.com, Schellebelle, BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
. - PlantenTuin Esveld http://www.esveld.nl/catalen/heestersu.htm#ulmus, BoskoopBoskoopBoskoop is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality had a population of 15,217 in 2008, and covers an area of 16.96 km² of which 2.17 km² is water...
, NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
. - Westerveld Boomkwekerij B.V.http://www.westerveldbv.nl/, OpheusdenOpheusdenOpheusden is a town in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Neder-Betuwe, and lies about 5 km south of Wageningen....
, NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...