Pays d'états
Encyclopedia
Under the Ancien Régime, a pays d'états (pei deta) was a type of province which had held onto its estates provincial
or representative assembly of the three orders, whose main role was to negotiate the raising of taxes with the royal commissaires or intendant
s, its division by diocese and parish, and controlling its collection. The estates held onto part of the funds thus raised to repair and develop the roads in its area.
According to Roland Mousnier
and Bernard Barbiche these provinces were :
These pays contrasted with the pays d'élection
.
States Provincial (France)
In France under the Ancien Régime, an estate provincial was an assembly of the three estates of a province, "regularly constituted, periodically convoked and possessing certain political and administrative functions, of which the main one was to vote on the impôt"...
or representative assembly of the three orders, whose main role was to negotiate the raising of taxes with the royal commissaires or intendant
Intendant
The title of intendant has been used in several countries through history. Traditionally, it refers to the holder of a public administrative office...
s, its division by diocese and parish, and controlling its collection. The estates held onto part of the funds thus raised to repair and develop the roads in its area.
According to Roland Mousnier
Roland Mousnier
Roland Émile Mousnier was a French historian of the early modern period in France and of the comparative studies of different civilizations.-Life:...
and Bernard Barbiche these provinces were :
- AlsaceAlsaceAlsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area , and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km²...
. Estates suppressed - 17th century - AnjouAnjouAnjou is a former county , duchy and province centred on the city of Angers in the lower Loire Valley of western France. It corresponds largely to the present-day département of Maine-et-Loire...
. Estates suppressed - 15th century - ArtoisArtoisArtois is a former province of northern France. Its territory has an area of around 4000 km² and a population of about one million. Its principal cities are Arras , Saint-Omer, Lens and Béthune.-Location:...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - AuvergneAuvergne (province)Auvergne was a historic province in south central France. It was originally the feudal domain of the Counts of Auvergne. It is now the geographical and cultural area that corresponds to the former province....
. Estates suppressed - 17th century - Basse-Navarre. Estates suppressed - 1789.
- BéarnBéarnBéarn is one of the traditional provinces of France, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. Along with the three Basque provinces of Soule, Lower Navarre, and Labourd, the principality of Bidache, as well as small parts of Gascony, it forms in the...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - BerryBerryThe botanical definition of a berry is a fleshy fruit produced from a single ovary. Grapes are an example. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire ovary wall ripens into an edible pericarp. They may have one or more carpels with a thin covering and fleshy interiors....
. Estates suppressed - 16th century - BigorreBigorreBigorre is region in southwest France, historically an independent county and later a French province, located in the upper watershed of the Adour, on the northern slopes of the Pyrenees, part of the larger region known as Gascony...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - BourgogneEstates of BurgundyIn Burgundy, under the Ancien Régime, impôts, aides and subsides as well as the provincial economic administration were, at least in theory, put under a general assembly which occurred every three years - the Estates of Burgundy...
(Burgundy). Estates suppressed - 1789. - BresseBresseBresse is a former French province. It is located in the regions of Rhône-Alpes, Bourgogne, and Franche-Comté of eastern France. The geographical term Bresse has two meanings: Bresse bourguignonne , which is situated in the east of the department of Saône-et-Loire, and Bresse, which is located...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - BretagneEstates of BrittanyThe Estates of Brittany was the States Provincial for the province of Brittany in ancien regime France. It gathered members of the high clergy, a large number of nobles and delegates from the 42 towns and cities of Brittany...
(Brittany). Estates suppressed - 1789. - BugeyBugeyThe Bugey is a historical region in the département of Ain , France. It is located in a loop of the Rhône River in the southeast of the département...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - Cambrésis. Estates suppressed - 1789.
- Charolais. Estates suppressed - 1789.
- CorseCorsicaCorsica is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
(Corsica). Estates suppressed - 1789. - DauphinéDauphinéThe Dauphiné or Dauphiné Viennois is a former province in southeastern France, whose area roughly corresponded to that of the present departments of :Isère, :Drôme, and :Hautes-Alpes....
. Estates suppressed - 17th century - FlandreFrench FlandersFrench Flanders is a part of the historical County of Flanders in present-day France. The region today lies in the modern-day region of Nord-Pas de Calais, the department of Nord, and roughly corresponds to the arrondissements of Lille, Douai and Dunkirk on the Belgian border.-Geography:French...
(Flanders). Estates suppressed - 1789. - FoixFoixFoix is a commune, the capital of the Ariège department in southwestern France. It is the least populous administrative centre of a department in all of France, although it is only very slightly smaller than Privas...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - Franche-ComtéFranche-ComtéFranche-Comté the former "Free County" of Burgundy, as distinct from the neighbouring Duchy, is an administrative region and a traditional province of eastern France...
. Estates suppressed - 18th century - GévaudanGévaudanGévaudan is a historical area of France, nowadays situated in Lozère département. It took its name from the Gabali, a Gallic tribe subordinate to the Arverni.- History :...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - HainautCounty of HainautThe County of Hainaut was a historical region in the Low Countries with its capital at Mons . In English sources it is often given the archaic spelling Hainault....
(Hainault). Estates suppressed - 1789. - LabourdLabourdLabourd is a former French province and part of the present-day Pyrénées Atlantiques département. It is historically one of the seven provinces of the traditional Basque Country....
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - LanguedocEstates of LanguedocThe Estates of Languedoc was the provincial assembly for the province of Languedoc during the ancien regime, during which time it was a pays d'états....
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - LimousinLimousin (province)Limousin is one of the traditional provinces of France around the city of Limoges. Limousin lies in the foothills of the western edge of the Massif Central, with cold weather in the winter...
. Estates suppressed - 15th century - MâconnaisMâconnaisThe Mâconnais district lies in the south of the Burgundy wine region in France, west of the River Saône. It takes its name from the town of Mâcon. It is best known as a source of good value white wines made from the Chardonnay grape; the wines from Pouilly-Fuissé are particularly sought-after....
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - MaineMaine (province)Le Maine is one of the traditional provinces of France . It corresponds to the old county of Maine, with its center, the city of Le Mans.-Location:...
. Estates suppressed - 16th century - MarcheMarcheThe population density in the region is below the national average. In 2008, it was 161.5 inhabitants per km2, compared to the national figure of 198.8. It is highest in the province of Ancona , and lowest in the province of Macerata...
. Estates suppressed - 15th century - MarsanMarsanMarsan is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.-Population:...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - NébouzanNébouzanNébouzan was a small province of France located in the foothills of the Pyrenees mountains, in the southwest of France. It was not a contiguous province, but it was made up of several detached territories, approximately half of them around the town of Saint-Gaudens in the south of the present-day...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - NormandieNormandyNormandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
(Normandy). Estates suppressed - 17th century - OrléanaisOrléanaisOrléanais is a former province of France, around the cities of Orléans, Chartres, and Blois.The name comes from Orléans, its main city and traditional capital. The province was one of those into which France was divided before the French Revolution...
. Estates suppressed - 16th century - PérigordPérigordThe Périgord is a former province of France, which corresponds roughly to the current Dordogne département, now forming the northern part of the Aquitaine région. It is divided into four regions, the Périgord Noir , the Périgord Blanc , the Périgord Vert and the Périgord Pourpre...
. Estates suppressed - 16th century - ProvenceProvenceProvence ; Provençal: Provença in classical norm or Prouvènço in Mistralian norm) is a region of south eastern France on the Mediterranean adjacent to Italy. It is part of the administrative région of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - Quatre-ValléesQuatre-ValléesQuatre-Vallées was a small province of France located in the southwest of France. It was made up of four constituent parts: Aure valley , Barousse valley , Magnoac valley , and Neste or Nestès valley .-General...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - QuercyQuercyQuercy is a former province of France located in the country's southwest, bounded on the north by Limousin, on the west by Périgord and Agenais, on the south by Gascony and Languedoc, and on the east by Rouergue and Auvergne....
. Estates suppressed - 17th century - RouergueRouergueRouergue is a former province of France, bounded on the north by Auvergne, on the south and southwest by Languedoc, on the east by Gévaudan and on the west by Quercy...
. Estates suppressed - 17th century - SouleSouleSoule is a former viscounty and French province and part of the present day Pyrénées-Atlantiques département...
. Estates suppressed - 1789. - TouraineTouraineThe Touraine is one of the traditional provinces of France. Its capital was Tours. During the political reorganization of French territory in 1790, the Touraine was divided between the departments of Indre-et-Loire, :Loir-et-Cher and Indre.-Geography:...
. Estates suppressed - 16th century - Velay. Estates suppressed - 1789.
- VivaraisVivaraisVivarais is a traditional region in the south-east of France, covering the département of Ardèche, named after its capital Viviers on the river Rhône...
. Estates suppressed - 1789.
These pays contrasted with the pays d'élection
Pays d'élection
A pays d'élection was a généralité, in fiscal and financial matters, in France under the Ancien Régime. The representative of the royal government, the intendant, split up the impôts in such an area at a local level with the aid of the élus A pays d'élection was a généralité, in fiscal and...
.