PPKI
Encyclopedia
The Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence was a body established on 7 August 1945 to prepare for the transfer of authority from the occupying Japanese
to Indonesia. Permission for the formation of the committee came from Lt. General Hisaichi Terauchi, commander of the Japanese Southern Area who was based in Saigon.
and the outer islands in approximate relation to population. The membership comprised:
, the Japanese authorities, who were occupying Indonesia
, flew future leaders Sukarno
and Hatta
to Dalat
for a meeting with General Hisaichi Terauchi, the commander of the Southern Area. He promised Indonesian independence would be granted on 24 August, and appointed Sukarno chairman of the PPKI. The first meeting was planned for 19 August. The men flew back to Indonesia, arriving on 14 August.
The Indonesian underground rejected any independence gifted by the Japanese, preferring to win it through force of arms. However, two days after the Japanese surrender, Sukarno declared independence
on 17 August 1945.
Japanese Occupation of Indonesia
The Japanese Empire occupied Indonesia, known then as the Dutch East Indies, during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of War in 1945...
to Indonesia. Permission for the formation of the committee came from Lt. General Hisaichi Terauchi, commander of the Japanese Southern Area who was based in Saigon.
Membership
Most of the 21 committee members belonged to the older generation. Its appointed members included representatives from JavaJava
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
and the outer islands in approximate relation to population. The membership comprised:
- SukarnoSukarnoSukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
(chairman) - Mohammad HattaHattaHatta may refer to:* Hatta, Gaza, an Arab village in Palestine depopulated in 1948* Hatta, Madhya Pradesh, a village in Damoh District, Madhya Pradesh, India* the Hatta number, a dimensionless parameter in chemical reaction engineering...
(vice-chairman) - K.R.T. Radjiman Wediodiningrat (JavaJavaJava is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
) - R. Otto Iskander Dinata (Java)
- Abdul Wahid HasyimWahid HasyimAbdul Wahid Hasyim was the first Minister of Religious Affairs in the government of President Sukarno of Indonesia, a post he held in 1945, and from 1949 to 1952....
(Java) - Bagus Hadikusuma (Java)
- B.K.P.A. Soerjohamidjojo (Java)
- B.P.H. Poerbojo (Java)
- M. Soetardjo Kartohadikoesorno (Java)
- R.P. Suroso (Java)
- R. SoepomoSoepomoProf. Dr. Mr. Soepomo was Indonesia's first Minister of Justice, serving in the Presidential Cabinet from 19 August to 14 November 1945 and from 20 December 1949 to 6 September 1950.-Biography:...
(Java) - R Abdul Kadir (Java)
- Mohammad Amir (SumatraSumatraSumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...
) - Tenku Mohammad Hassan (Sumatra)
- Abdoel Abas (Sumatra)
- Sam RatulangiSam RatulangiDr. Gerungan Saul Samuel Jozias Ratulangi or Ratu Langie , usually known as Sam Ratulangi, was a Minahasa politician, journalist and teacher from North Sulawesi, Indonesia...
(CelebesSulawesiSulawesi is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the Maluku Islands. In Indonesia, only Sumatra, Borneo, and Papua are larger in territory, and only Java and Sumatra have larger Indonesian populations.- Etymology :The Portuguese were the first to...
) - Andi Pangeran (Celebes)
- A.A. Hamidhan (BorneoBorneoBorneo is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java Island, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia....
) - I Gusti Ketut Puja (Lesser Sunda IslandsLesser Sunda IslandsThe Lesser Sunda Islands or Nusa Tenggara are a group of islands in the southern Maritime Southeast Asia, north of Australia. Together with the Greater Sunda Islands to the west they make up the Sunda Islands...
) - J, Latuharyhary (the MoluccasMaluku IslandsThe Maluku Islands are an archipelago that is part of Indonesia, and part of the larger Maritime Southeast Asia region. Tectonically they are located on the Halmahera Plate within the Molucca Sea Collision Zone...
) - Yap Tjuan Bing (Chinese community)
Indonesian independence
On 9 August, the day of the Atomic bombing of NagasakiAtomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
During the final stages of World War II in 1945, the United States conducted two atomic bombings against the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan, the first on August 6, 1945, and the second on August 9, 1945. These two events are the only use of nuclear weapons in war to date.For six months...
, the Japanese authorities, who were occupying Indonesia
Japanese Occupation of Indonesia
The Japanese Empire occupied Indonesia, known then as the Dutch East Indies, during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of War in 1945...
, flew future leaders Sukarno
Sukarno
Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
and Hatta
Hatta
Hatta may refer to:* Hatta, Gaza, an Arab village in Palestine depopulated in 1948* Hatta, Madhya Pradesh, a village in Damoh District, Madhya Pradesh, India* the Hatta number, a dimensionless parameter in chemical reaction engineering...
to Dalat
Dalat
Đà Lạt , or Dalat, is the capital of Lam Dong province in Vietnam. The city is located above sea level on the Langbiang Plateau in the southern parts of the Central Highlands...
for a meeting with General Hisaichi Terauchi, the commander of the Southern Area. He promised Indonesian independence would be granted on 24 August, and appointed Sukarno chairman of the PPKI. The first meeting was planned for 19 August. The men flew back to Indonesia, arriving on 14 August.
The Indonesian underground rejected any independence gifted by the Japanese, preferring to win it through force of arms. However, two days after the Japanese surrender, Sukarno declared independence
Indonesian Declaration of Independence
The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence was read at 10.00 a.m. on Friday, August 17, 1945. The declaration marked the start of the diplomatic and armed-resistance of the Indonesian National Revolution, fighting against the forces of the Netherlands until the latter officially acknowledged...
on 17 August 1945.