Ontario Highway 69
Encyclopedia
King's Highway 69, commonly referred to as Highway 69, is a major north–south highway in the central area of the Canadian
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

 province of Ontario
Ontario
Ontario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....

, linking Highway 400 north of Parry Sound
Parry Sound, Ontario
Parry Sound is a town in Central Ontario, Canada, located on Parry Sound on the eastern shore of Georgian Bay. Parry Sound is located south of Sudbury and north of Toronto. It is the seat of Parry Sound District, a popular cottage country region for Southern Ontario residents. It is also the...

 with Sudbury. A second, shorter portion of Highway 69, bypassed by the construction of Highway 400, exists between Mactier and Horseshoe Lake.

Route description

The current highway begins at the Highway 400 interchange south of MacTier (exit 189), and ends at an interchange
Interchange (road)
In the field of road transport, an interchange is a road junction that typically uses grade separation, and one or more ramps, to permit traffic on at least one highway to pass through the junction without directly crossing any other traffic stream. It differs from a standard intersection, at which...

 with Highway 17 in Sudbury. After the interchange, the roadway continues northward into the urban core of Sudbury as Regent Street/Municipal Road 46.
The highway is currently 170 kilometres (105.6 mi) long. The length of the highway has gradually been decreasing over recent years with northward extensions of Highway 400, which eventually could completely take over Highway 69, likely around 2017.

The segment between Exit 213 on Highway 400 and the end of the four-lane freeway in Nobel
Nobel, Ontario
Nobel is a village located on the shores of Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the Municipality of McDougall in the District of Parry Sound. The community is named after Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite....

 is concurrent
Concurrency (road)
A concurrency, overlap, or coincidence in a road network is an instance of one physical road bearing two or more different highway, motorway, or other route numbers...

 with 400. Until the summer of 2008 when the freeway in that area was completed, the southernmost segment between the Musquash River and its current southern terminus was also concurrent with Highway 400.

The highway is part of the Trans-Canada Highway
Trans-Canada Highway
The Trans-Canada Highway is a federal-provincial highway system that joins the ten provinces of Canada. It is, along with the Trans-Siberian Highway and Australia's Highway 1, one of the world's longest national highways, with the main route spanning 8,030 km...

 for most of its length, except for the section between Exits 189 and 213 bypassed by Highway 400.

Between Parry Sound and Sudbury, there are no large communities, although there are numerous small communities including (from south to north) Nobel
Nobel, Ontario
Nobel is a village located on the shores of Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the Municipality of McDougall in the District of Parry Sound. The community is named after Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite....

, Shawanaga, Pointe au Baril
Pointe au Baril, Ontario
Pointe au Baril is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario, located on the east coast of Georgian Bay.The community is located in the township of The Archipelago in the Parry Sound District.-History of the name:...

, Byng Inlet
Byng Inlet, Ontario
Byng Inlet is a ghost town in Parry Sound District, Ontario. For a period in the nineteenth century it was home to one of largest sawmill operations in Canada. The name of the town came from that of the English Admiral John Byng...

, Britt
Britt, Ontario
Britt is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the unincorporated township of Wallbridge in the Parry Sound District.The community is located on the north shore of the Magnetawan River at Byng Inlet, approximately 5 kilometres west of Highway 69, at the end of Highway 526.Like...

, Bigwood, Delamere and Estaire
Estaire, Ontario
Estaire is an unincorporated community in the Unorganized North Part of Sudbury District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located in geographic Burwash Township, approximately south of the southern city limits of Greater Sudbury....

. The posted speed limit is 90 km/h (55 mph) for most of its length.

History

Highway 69 has the most colourful and turbulent history of any provincially controlled roadway. Through the past 70 years, the road has been transformed from a minor northern two-lane gravel highway, into a multi-lane all-season freeway in some parts. It started out in 1936 as the gravel "Rama Road" along the eastern shore of Lake Couchiching
Lake Couchiching
Lake Couchiching, from the Ojibwe gojijiing meaning "inlet", is a small lake in Central Ontario separated from Lake Simcoe by a narrow channel. The Trent-Severn Waterway enters Lake Simcoe by the Talbot River and exits this lake by the Severn River which empties into Georgian Bay...

, from Rama
Rama, Ontario
Rama is the Ontario, Canada home of the Chippewas of Rama First Nation and Casino Rama. The community sports complex is called the Mnjikaning Arena Sports Ki, which was the home arena of the Couchiching Terriers ice hockey team, once affiliated with the Barrie Colts. The Ramakings lacrosse team...

, through Orillia and Gravenhurst
Gravenhurst, Ontario
Gravenhurst is a town in the Muskoka Region of Ontario, Canada. It is located approximately south of Bracebridge, Ontario. The mayor is Paisley Donaldson...

, with its final northern terminus at Bala
Bala, Ontario
Bala is a community located in Muskoka Lakes Township where Lake Muskoka drains into the Moon River at Bala Falls.It is considered one of the hubs of cottage country located north of Toronto. Thus, its year-round population of several hundred is increased by thousands of seasonal residents and...

. This original alignment is a full 80 km from its current alignment. This road is now Simcoe County Road 44 and Muskoka District Road 169, and aside from a brief former concurrency
Concurrency (road)
A concurrency, overlap, or coincidence in a road network is an instance of one physical road bearing two or more different highway, motorway, or other route numbers...

 with Highway 11, the road is no longer provincially maintained.

The roadway was extended to MacTier shortly after being upgraded to a provincial highway, and work began on creating a direct link to Sudbury from the south. Work began on both northern (Sudbury) and southern (MacTier) ends, and was expected that the roadway would be linked together from both ends near a middle point in the future.

When World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

 broke out in late 1939, the province declared that all major road construction projects would have to cease if they were not absolutely necessary, or for the war effort
War effort
In politics and military planning, a war effort refers to a coordinated mobilization of society's resources—both industrial and human—towards the support of a military force...

. The stretch of Highway 69 under construction between Parry Sound
Parry Sound, Ontario
Parry Sound is a town in Central Ontario, Canada, located on Parry Sound on the eastern shore of Georgian Bay. Parry Sound is located south of Sudbury and north of Toronto. It is the seat of Parry Sound District, a popular cottage country region for Southern Ontario residents. It is also the...

 and Nobel
Nobel, Ontario
Nobel is a village located on the shores of Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the Municipality of McDougall in the District of Parry Sound. The community is named after Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite....

 was deemed to be critically important because of the large munitions factory located in Nobel, and with an all-weather roadway to Nobel from the south, it made movement of troops and munitions much easier.

Once the war ended, construction resumed on Highway 69. Paving and extending the road continued, with the first gap (between Britt
Britt, Ontario
Britt is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the unincorporated township of Wallbridge in the Parry Sound District.The community is located on the north shore of the Magnetawan River at Byng Inlet, approximately 5 kilometres west of Highway 69, at the end of Highway 526.Like...

 and Burwash
Burwash, Ontario
Burwash was the name of a community in Ontario, Canada, located approximately south of Sudbury. The community was built to house the staff working at the Burwash Industrial Farm , a provincial jail that housed anywhere from 180 to 820 inmates during its history. The prison opened in 1914 and...

) being closed in 1951. French River would be linked to the provincial roadway network in 1952. This allowed motorists to take a far more direct route between Severn River and Sudbury, by taking advantage of a detour (via Highway 535
Ontario Highway 535
Secondary Highway 535, commonly referred to as Highway 535, is a provincially maintained secondary highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. Passing through the municipalities of Markstay-Warren, St...

 and Highway 64, through the small communities of Hagar and Noëlville).

The biggest gap that remained on Highway 69 was between Alban and Burwash
Burwash, Ontario
Burwash was the name of a community in Ontario, Canada, located approximately south of Sudbury. The community was built to house the staff working at the Burwash Industrial Farm , a provincial jail that housed anywhere from 180 to 820 inmates during its history. The prison opened in 1914 and...

, but this was eventually eliminated from 1952 to 1955, when the road was finally completed and provided a third link from Southern Ontario
Southern Ontario
Southern Ontario is a region of the province of Ontario, Canada that lies south of the French River and Algonquin Park. Depending on the inclusion of the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts, its surface area would cover between 14 to 15% of the province. It is the southernmost region of...

 to Northern Ontario
Northern Ontario
Northern Ontario is a region of the Canadian province of Ontario which lies north of Lake Huron , the French River and Lake Nipissing. The region has a land area of 802,000 km2 and constitutes 87% of the land area of Ontario, although it contains only about 6% of the population...

 (the other two being Highways 11 and 17).

Until Highway 69 between Parry Sound and Sudbury was completed, drivers from Southern Ontario
Southern Ontario
Southern Ontario is a region of the province of Ontario, Canada that lies south of the French River and Algonquin Park. Depending on the inclusion of the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts, its surface area would cover between 14 to 15% of the province. It is the southernmost region of...

 that wanted to reach Sudbury or Sault Ste. Marie
Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
Sault Ste. Marie is a city on the St. Marys River in Algoma District, Ontario, Canada. It is the third largest city in Northern Ontario, after Sudbury and Thunder Bay, with a population of 74,948. The community was founded as a French religious mission: Sault either means "jump" or "rapids" in...

 had to travel along a rather out-of-the-way routing on Highway 11 to North Bay
North Bay, Ontario
North Bay is a city in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is the seat of Nipissing District, and takes its name from its position on the shore of Lake Nipissing.-History:...

, and then take Highway 17 westbound into Sudbury and Sault Ste. Marie.

The year 1976 saw big changes for Highway 69. The portion of highway south of MacTier was shifted onto the routing of former Highway 103, completely absorbing that roadway into its length. The former routing was renamed Highway 169. It was at this time that Highway 69 was at its longest, from Highways 12 and 400 near Port Severn to Sudbury.

At one time, Highway 69 continued through Sudbury and into the suburban towns of Valley East
Valley East, Ontario
Valley East was a city in Ontario, Canada, which existed from 1973 to 2000.It was created as part of the Regional Municipality of Sudbury, and took its name from the fact that it comprised the eastern half of the Sudbury Basin....

 and Capreol. Although this route is no longer part of the provincial highway, and is officially designated as a series of Sudbury Municipal Roads, it continues to be referred to locally as "Highway 69 North".

Since 1989, Highway 400 has been extended gradually northward towards Sudbury, and now reaches Nobel. However, as of 2009 the Highway 69 designation has been truncated at MacTier, rather than Nobel, in the south — the two highways share a routing for 32 kilometres between Nobel and Rankin Lake Road, and then follow separate routes between Rankin Lake Road and Highway 69's southern terminus near MacTier. Between Rankin Lake Road and Lake Joseph, this southerly route falls within the Parry Sound District
Parry Sound District, Ontario
Parry Sound District is a census division of the Canadian province of Ontario. Its seat is Parry Sound. Its boundaries are Muskoka to the south, the Sudbury District, the French River and Lake Nipissing in the north, Nipissing District, Ontario and North Bay in the north and east and parts of...

, which has no upper tier of municipal government to maintain it as a county road, and is too important of a road to be downloaded to the townships involved — as a result, the provincial government cannot decommission that portion of the route as a provincial highway, although it may eventually be renumbered as a secondary highway.

Four-laning

Although planning for a four-lane highway started in 1969, the commitment to expand Highway 69 to a full freeway was originally made in 1991 by the New Democrat
Ontario New Democratic Party
The Ontario New Democratic Party or , formally known as New Democratic Party of Ontario, is a social democratic political party in Ontario, Canada. It is a provincial section of the federal New Democratic Party. It was formed in October 1961, a few months after the federal party. The ONDP had its...

 government of Bob Rae
Bob Rae
Robert Keith "Bob" Rae, PC, OC, OOnt, QC, MP is a Canadian politician. He is the Member of Parliament for Toronto Centre and interim leader of the Liberal Party of Canada....

. Although construction did commence northward from Waubaushene at the highway's southern end, the project was curtailed by the Progressive Conservative government of Mike Harris
Mike Harris
Michael Deane "Mike" Harris was the 22nd Premier of Ontario from June 26, 1995 to April 15, 2002. He is most noted for the "Common Sense Revolution", his Progressive Conservative government's program of deficit reduction in combination with lower taxes and cuts to government...

 shortly after the 1995 provincial election
Ontario general election, 1995
The Ontario general election of 1995 was held on June 8, 1995, to elect members of the 36th Legislative Assembly of the province of Ontario, Canada...

, with construction ending at kilometre 225 in Parry Sound
Parry Sound, Ontario
Parry Sound is a town in Central Ontario, Canada, located on Parry Sound on the eastern shore of Georgian Bay. Parry Sound is located south of Sudbury and north of Toronto. It is the seat of Parry Sound District, a popular cottage country region for Southern Ontario residents. It is also the...

.

The city of Sudbury continued to lobby for the highway's expansion, calling attention especially to an ongoing series of fatal car accidents at the intersection of Highway 637, where a sharp S-curve in Highway 69's route rendered the approaching intersection effectively invisible to northbound traffic. Assisted by Rick Bartolucci
Rick Bartolucci
Rick Bartolucci is a politician in Ontario, Canada. He has represented Sudbury in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 1995, and is a cabinet minister in the government of Dalton McGuinty...

, the Liberal
Ontario Liberal Party
The Ontario Liberal Party is a provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. It has formed the Government of Ontario since the provincial election of 2003. The party is ideologically aligned with the Liberal Party of Canada but the two parties are organizationally independent and...

 MPP for Sudbury, the Crash 69 committee of Sudbury residents campaigned throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s to have the project reinstated. The revived construction to Sudbury was announced in 2002 by Harris' successor (and former MPP for Parry Sound—Muskoka
Parry Sound—Muskoka (Ontario electoral district)
Parry Sound—Muskoka is a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of Ontario.The riding was once held by Ontario Premier Ernie Eves, and at present by Norm Miller, son of former Premier Frank Miller....

), Ernie Eves
Ernie Eves
Ernest Lawrence "Ernie" Eves was the 23rd Premier of the province of Ontario, Canada, from April 15, 2002, to October 23, 2003.-Beginnings:...

.

In 2004, construction began on the segment from Sudbury southwards to Estaire
Estaire, Ontario
Estaire is an unincorporated community in the Unorganized North Part of Sudbury District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located in geographic Burwash Township, approximately south of the southern city limits of Greater Sudbury....

, and route planning studies were completed for the Estaire to Parry Sound branch. Although the timetable may be subject to change, the four-laned route is scheduled to be completed in its entirety by 2017. Portions of the route will be opened to traffic as construction is completed — the 20 kilometre section south of Sudbury from Crown Ridge to Estaire was opened for traffic on November 13, 2009, and the segment from Highway 559 to Parry Sound opened to traffic on October 26, 2010. The former alignment in Sudbury now has the street name Estaire Road, while the former route through Nobel now has the street name Nobel Drive.

Work has also commenced on a realignment of the controversial S-curve at Highway 637. A new four-lane route at this location is currently under construction, but only two lanes will be opened until adjacent portions of the highway are four-laned. The realigned two-lane route opened to traffic on July 27, 2010, with the second set of freeway lanes through the area scheduled for completion in 2012. The former S-curve alignment now has the name Murdock River Road, and is temporarily accessible only from its southern terminus, with the S-curve itself blocked off at the north; when the four-laning is completed through this segment, Murdock River Road will be reconnected to Highway 637 as a local road at its north end and the southerly intersection will be closed off.

Once the four-lane expansion project is complete, the highway will be fully renumbered as Highway 400. Northern sections will retain the 69 designation until the freeway is fully connected.

Concurrently with the final stages of construction on Highway 69, the Highway 17 freeway in Sudbury will be extended eastward to the Coniston neighbourhood along the city's Southwest and Southeast Bypasses
Southwest and Southeast Bypasses (Sudbury)
The Southwest Bypass and Southeast Bypass are two separately-constructed roads in the city of Greater Sudbury, Ontario, that form a loop around the southern end of the city's urban core for traffic travelling on Highway 17, a route of the Trans-Canada Highway...

. In preparation for this latter project, an interchange opened in 2008 at the intersection of Highway 17 and Sudbury's Long Lake Road.

As of July 3, 2011, the federal government has delayed further work from being done on this highway while it completes a screening under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act. As of November 1, 2011, Transport Canada addressed a letter to the Greater Sudbury Chamber of Commerce advising that the reassessment was nearly complete.

Status of construction activity

  • Currently under construction:
Estaire to Highway 637 (8 km)
  • Planning, engineering and property acquisition:
Highway 559 to Shebeshekong Road (16 km)
Shebeshekong Road to Highway 529 (11 km)
Highway 529 to Harris Lake Road (14 km)
Harris Lake Road to Highway 522
Highway 522 (Ontario)
Secondary Highway 522, commonly referred to as Highway 522, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The highway is in length, connecting Highway 69 near Cranberry with Highway 11 in Powassan. Highway 522 serves as the only link between these two routes south of...

 (27 km)
Highway 522 to Highway 64
Highway 64 (Ontario)
King's Highway 64, commonly referred to as Highway 64, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario.- Route description :...

 (25 km)
Highway 64 to Highway 637 (10 km)

MacTier to Nobel

Distances in this segment are based on the exit numbering of Highway 400.
Municipality Distance Destinations Notes
Georgian Bay
Georgian Bay, Ontario
The Township of Georgian Bay is an area municipality of the Muskoka District Municipality, in south-central Ontario, Canada. It is located on the Severn River, where it empties into Georgian Bay...

189 Terminus of Highway 69
Seguin
Seguin, Ontario
Seguin is a township in central Ontario, Canada, in the District of Parry Sound. The township was incorporated on January 1, 1998, by amalgamating the former townships of Humphrey, Foley, Christie, and the western half of Monteith with the village of Rosseau....

213 Route duplexes with Highway 400 northward to Parry Sound.
214 Seguin Trail Road, Horseshoe Lake Road
217 Oastler Park Drive, Badger Road
220 – Orrville
Parry Sound
Parry Sound, Ontario
Parry Sound is a town in Central Ontario, Canada, located on Parry Sound on the eastern shore of Georgian Bay. Parry Sound is located south of Sudbury and north of Toronto. It is the seat of Parry Sound District, a popular cottage country region for Southern Ontario residents. It is also the...

224 Bowes Street, McDougall Road
229 Parry Sound Drive
McDougall
McDougall, Ontario
McDougall is a township in central Ontario, Canada, on the Parry Sound in the District of Parry Sound. It was named after William McDougall, one of the Fathers of Confederation....

231
236 Avro Arrow Rd. - Access to Nobel
Nobel, Ontario
Nobel is a village located on the shores of Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the Municipality of McDougall in the District of Parry Sound. The community is named after Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite....

247
249 Highway 400 terminates; Highway 69 continues.

Killarney to Sudbury

Interchanges on the segment immediately south of Sudbury are not yet numbered, because of the route's discontinuity with the Parry Sound freeway segment. Accordingly, note that distances currently listed in this table are approximated southward from the Sudbury terminus of Highway 69, and are not posted exit numbers.

When the freeway construction between Sudbury and Parry Sound is complete, the posted exit numbers are expected to be in the 350-400 range, as they will be numbered northward from Toronto.
Municipality Distance Destinations Notes
Sudbury, Unorganized
Sudbury, Unorganized, North Part, Ontario
Sudbury, Unorganized, North Part is an unorganized area in the Canadian province of Ontario, comprising all portions of the Sudbury District which are not organized into incorporated municipalities...

32 Under construction.
20 Nelson Road Access to town of Estaire
Estaire, Ontario
Estaire is an unincorporated community in the Unorganized North Part of Sudbury District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located in geographic Burwash Township, approximately south of the southern city limits of Greater Sudbury....

. Opened in 2009.
Greater Sudbury 13 Opened in 2009.
6 Estaire Road Opened in 2009.
0 Terminus of Highway 69; roadway continues northerly as Regent Street/Municipal Road 46.

External links

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