Nishio, Aichi
Encyclopedia
is a city
located in Aichi Prefecture
, Japan. As of February 2011, the city has an estimated population
of 165,443 and a population density
of 1,030 persons per km². The total area is 160.34 km².
on the Pacific Ocean
in southern Aichi Prefecture. Sheltered by Chita Peninsula
and Atsumi Peninsula
, the climate is mild, and parts of the city lie within the borders of the Mikawa Wan Quasi-National Park
during the Sengoku period
, based at Nishio Castle
. The area eventually came under the control of the Tokugawa clan
, and during the Edo period
, most of the area was ruled by Nishio Domain
, a minor fudai
feudal domain of the Tokugawa shogunate
. The area prospered as a fishing port, and due to its location on the Tōkaidō
highway connecting Edo
with Kyoto
, although the town itself suffered considerable damage due to a tsunami
in the 1707 Hōei earthquake
.
After the start of the Meiji period
, Nishio Village in Hazu District
was proclaimed in 1871. Following the 1891 Mino-Owari earthquake
, a tsunami killed over 60 people.
Nishio was elevated to town status on May 1, 1906. The town suffered damaged in the 1944 Tōnankai earthquake
, which killed 32 people, and the 1945 Mikawa earthquake
, which killed 765. The town borders were expanded in 1954 with the annexation of neighboring Heisaka and Terazu towns and Fukuchi and Muroba villages, followed by Sanwa and Meiji villages in 1955. The 1959 Typhoon Vera
caused considerable damage to the area, with 20 people killed. On April 1, 2011 Isshiki
, Hazu
and Kira
, merged
into Nishio. Hazu District was dissolved as a result of this merger.
The city of Gamagōri was proclaimed on April 1, 1954 when the town of Gamagōri merged with the neighboring town of Miya and village of Shiotsu. The village of Otsuka joined Gamagōri on October 1, 1956, followed by Katahara on April 1, 1962 and Nishiura on April 1, 1963.
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, India in 2008.
Cities of Japan
||A is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as and , with the difference that they are not a component of...
located in Aichi Prefecture
Aichi Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region. The region of Aichi is also known as the Tōkai region. The capital is Nagoya. It is the focus of the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area.- History :...
, Japan. As of February 2011, the city has an estimated population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of 165,443 and a population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
of 1,030 persons per km². The total area is 160.34 km².
Geography
Nishio is situated on the northern coast of Mikawa BayMikawa Bay
thumb|right|Mikawa Bay Mikawa Bay is a bay to the south of Aichi Prefecture, Japan, surrounded by Chita Peninsula to the west and Atsumi Peninsula to the east and south. Its area is approximately 604 km2...
on the Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...
in southern Aichi Prefecture. Sheltered by Chita Peninsula
Chita Peninsula
Chita Peninsula is a peninsula to the south of Aichi Prefecture, central Honshū, Japan. It runs approximately north-south. To the west is Ise Bay, while to the east it encloses Mikawa Bay. It faces the Atsumi Peninsula southeast across Mikawa Bay.-External links:...
and Atsumi Peninsula
Atsumi Peninsula
is a peninsula in southeastern Aichi Prefecture, central Honshū, Japan.Atsumi Peninsula is a narrow strip of land running approximately east-west, separating Mikawa Bay from the Philippine Sea to the south. It faces the Chita Peninsula southeast across Mikawa Bay. It has a width ranging from to...
, the climate is mild, and parts of the city lie within the borders of the Mikawa Wan Quasi-National Park
Mikawa Wan Quasi-National Park
is a Quasi-National Park in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It is rated a protected landscape according to the IUCN.The park includes the coastal areas of Atsumi Peninsula, the Pacific shoreline of Chita Peninsula as well as islands and portion of the northern shoreline of Mikawa Bay.It was founded on 10...
Neighboring municipalities
- OkazakiOkazaki, Aichiis a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of August 2011, the city had an estimated population of 373,339 and a population density of 964 persons per km². The total area was 387.24 km².-Geography:...
- HeikinanHekinan, Aichiis a city located in Aichi, Japan.In 2010, the city has an estimated population of 73,317 including 3,757 foreigners. The density is about 2,020 people per km². The total area is .-History:...
- KōtaKota, Aichiis a town located in Nukata District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of July 2011, the town had an estimated population of 38,205 and population density of 673 persons per km². The total area was 56.78 km².-Neighboring municipalities:*Okazaki*Gamagōri*Nishio...
- AnjōAnjo, Aichiis a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of August 2011, the city had an estimated population of 179,614 and a population density of 2,090 persons per km²...
- GamagōriGamagōri, Aichiis a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of February 2011, the city had an estimated population of 81,767 and the population density of 1,400 persons per km². The total area was 56.81 km².-Geography:...
History
Nishio was the home territory for the Sakai clanSakai clan
The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan, who were in turn descendants of Emperor Seiwa. Serata Arichika, a samurai of the 14th century, was the common ancestor of both the Sakai clan and the Matsudaira clan, which the Sakai later served...
during the Sengoku period
Sengoku period
The or Warring States period in Japanese history was a time of social upheaval, political intrigue, and nearly constant military conflict that lasted roughly from the middle of the 15th century to the beginning of the 17th century. The name "Sengoku" was adopted by Japanese historians in reference...
, based at Nishio Castle
Nishio Castle
is a Japanese castle located in Nishio, eastern Aichi Prefecture, Japan. At the end of the Edo period, Nishio Castle was home to the Ogyu Matsudaira, daimyō of Nishio Domain. The castle was also known as , , or .- History :...
. The area eventually came under the control of the Tokugawa clan
Tokugawa clan
The was a powerful daimyo family of Japan. They nominally descended from Emperor Seiwa and were a branch of the Minamoto clan by the Nitta clan. However, the early history of this clan remains a mystery.-History:...
, and during the Edo period
Edo period
The , or , is a division of Japanese history which was ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family, running from 1603 to 1868. The political entity of this period was the Tokugawa shogunate....
, most of the area was ruled by Nishio Domain
Nishio Domain
was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in former Mikawa Province, in what is now the modern-day city of Nishio in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It was centered on Nishio Castle.-History:...
, a minor fudai
Fudai
was a class of daimyo who were hereditary vassals of the Tokugawa in Edo period Japan. It was primarily the fudai who filled the ranks of the Tokugawa administration.-Origins:...
feudal domain of the Tokugawa shogunate
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the and the , was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family. This period is known as the Edo period and gets its name from the capital city, Edo, which is now called Tokyo, after the name was...
. The area prospered as a fishing port, and due to its location on the Tōkaidō
Tokaido (road)
The ' was the most important of the Five Routes of the Edo period, connecting Edo to Kyoto in Japan. Unlike the inland and less heavily travelled Nakasendō, the Tōkaidō travelled along the sea coast of eastern Honshū, hence the route's name....
highway connecting Edo
Edo
, also romanized as Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo, and was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868...
with Kyoto
Kyoto
is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:...
, although the town itself suffered considerable damage due to a tsunami
Tsunami
A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, typically an ocean or a large lake...
in the 1707 Hōei earthquake
1707 Hōei earthquake
The 1707 Hōei earthquake, which occurred at 14:00 local time on October 28, 1707, was the largest in Japanese history until the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake surpassed it. It caused moderate to severe damage throughout southwestern Honshu, Shikoku and southeastern Kyūshū. The earthquake and the resulting...
.
After the start of the Meiji period
Meiji period
The , also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from September 1868 through July 1912. This period represents the first half of the Empire of Japan.- Meiji Restoration and the emperor :...
, Nishio Village in Hazu District
Hazu District, Aichi
is a former rural district located in southeastern Aichi Prefecture, Japan.As of 2003 , the district had an estimated population of 58,921 and a population density of 696.88 persons per km²...
was proclaimed in 1871. Following the 1891 Mino-Owari earthquake
1891 Mino-Owari earthquake
The was a large earthquake that struck the former provinces of Mino and Owari in the Nōbi Plain area during the Meiji period in Japan. It is also referred to as the Nōbi Earthquake or the Great Nōbi Earthquake . It is the largest known inland earthquake in Japan.-History:The earthquake struck on...
, a tsunami killed over 60 people.
Nishio was elevated to town status on May 1, 1906. The town suffered damaged in the 1944 Tōnankai earthquake
1944 Tōnankai earthquake
The 1944 Tōnankai earthquake occurred at 13:35 local time on 7 December. It had an estimated magnitude of 8.1 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum felt intensity of greater than 5 shindo . It triggered a large tsunami that caused serious damage along the coast of Wakayama Prefecture and the...
, which killed 32 people, and the 1945 Mikawa earthquake
1945 Mikawa earthquake
The was an earthquake which occurred off Aichi prefectures, Japan at 0338 AM on January 13, 1945. As the earthquake occurred during World War II, information about the disaster was censored, and efforts at keeping the disaster secret hampered relief efforts and contributed to a high death toll....
, which killed 765. The town borders were expanded in 1954 with the annexation of neighboring Heisaka and Terazu towns and Fukuchi and Muroba villages, followed by Sanwa and Meiji villages in 1955. The 1959 Typhoon Vera
Typhoon Vera
Super Typhoon Vera was the strongest typhoon to hit Japan in recorded history. With winds of 160 mph, Vera slammed into the southeastern coast of Japan in Wakayama Prefecture and then proceeded northeast across Honshū, causing widespread damage and flooding. 5,098 people were killed in Japan...
caused considerable damage to the area, with 20 people killed. On April 1, 2011 Isshiki
Isshiki, Aichi
is a former town located in Hazu District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of May 1, 2004, the village had an estimated population of 23,775 and a population density of 1055.25 persons per km². Its total area was 22.53 km²....
, Hazu
Hazu, Aichi
is a former town located in Hazu District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of May 1, 2004, the village had an estimated population of 12,351 and a population density of 474.13 persons per km². Its total area was 26.05 km²....
and Kira
Kira, Aichi
is a former town located in Hazu District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of May 1, 2004, the village had an estimated population of 22,280 and a population density of 619.2 persons per km². Its total area was 35.98 km²....
, merged
Merger and dissolution of municipalities of Japan
Municipal mergers and dissolutions carried out in Japan can take place within one municipality or between multiple municipalities and are required to be based upon consensus.- Merger policy:...
into Nishio. Hazu District was dissolved as a result of this merger.
The city of Gamagōri was proclaimed on April 1, 1954 when the town of Gamagōri merged with the neighboring town of Miya and village of Shiotsu. The village of Otsuka joined Gamagōri on October 1, 1956, followed by Katahara on April 1, 1962 and Nishiura on April 1, 1963.
Economy
Nishio is a regional commercial center and fishing port, with a mixed economy of light manufacturing and agriculture. Numerous suppliers to the Japanese automotive industry have production plants in Nishio.Rail
- Meitetsu Nishio LineMeitetsu Nishio LineThe is a railway line operated by Nagoya Railroad in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The line was formerly operated by Nishio Railroad and Hekikai Electric Railway until Nagoya Railroad merged with both of the companies.-Stations:●：Stop ▲：Partial stop ｜：Pass...
- Meitetsu Gamagōri LineMeitetsu Gamagori LineThe is a Japanese railway line located in Aichi Prefecture which connects Kira-Yoshida Station in Nishio, with Gamagōri Station in Gamagōri. It is owned and run by Nagoya Railroad .-Station list:All stations are located in Aichi Prefecture....
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Local events
In 2006, the city entered the Guinness Book of Records for having the largest simultaneous tea ceremony in the world at any one time with 14,718 participants. This record was later beaten by a tea party in IndoreIndore
Indore is one of the major city in India, the largest city and commercial center of the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. Indore is located 190 km west of the state capital Bhopal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Indore city has a population of 1,960,631...
, India in 2008.
Noted people from Nishio
- Jitsuo InagakiJitsuo Inagakiwas a Japanese politician and cabinet member.Inagaki was elected to his first term in the Japanese House of Representatives in 1977. He joined the cabinet under former Japanese Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto during the 1990s, where he served as the head of the Hokkaidō and Okinawa development...
– politician - Toshio IwaiToshio Iwaiis a Japanese interactive media and installation artist who has also created a number of commercial video games. In addition he has worked in television, music performance, museum design and digital musical instrument design.-Education and early work:...
– video game artist and musician - Hitoki IwaseHitoki IwaseHitoki Iwase is a Japanese professional baseball player from Nishio, Aichi, Japan. He is a closing pitcher....
– professional baseball player - Oguri JukichiOguri Jukichiwas one of the first Japanese citizens known to have reached present day California. He and his fourteen man crew, bound for Edo, were sailing off the Japanese coast in 1813 when their ship, the Tokujomaru, was disabled in a storm...
– Edo period castaway - Koen KondoKoen KondoKoen Kondo is a Japanese actor. He made his debut in the popular 2001 film Waterboys.-Selected filmography:Koen Kondo is a Japanese actor. He made his debut in the popular 2001 film Waterboys.-Selected filmography:Koen Kondo is a Japanese actor...
– actor - Mami KoyamaMami KoyamaMami Koyama is a veteran seiyū and J-pop vocalist who was born in Nishio, Aichi. She was once married to fellow seiyū Tōru Furuya, her co-star in Mobile Suit Gundam, Urusei Yatsura, Dragon Ball, Saint Seiya, and Casshern Sins...
– politician - Tetsuya MakitaTetsuya Makita' is a Japanese actor, best known for the role of Takeshi Momoshiro of the fourth generation Seigaku cast in The Prince of Tennis musical series, Tenimyu. Makita is affiliated with the acting unit D-BOYS, produced by .-Career:...
– actor - Katsuya TakasuKatsuya Takasuis a plastic surgeon based in Tokyo.Takasu studied at Showa University School of Medicine in Tokyo. As a graduate student, Takasu went to Germany and Italy, where he studied plastic and cosmetic surgery....
– plastic surgeon