Natasha Henstridge
Encyclopedia
Natasha T. Henstridge is a Canadian fashion model turned actress. Her most notable on-screen roles include Species
Species (film)
Species is a 1995 science fiction horror film directed by Roger Donaldson, and starring Ben Kingsley, Michael Madsen, Alfred Molina, Forest Whitaker, Marg Helgenberger, and Natasha Henstridge...

, The Whole Nine Yards
The Whole Nine Yards (film)
The Whole Nine Yards is a 2000 American adventure crime comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, starring Bruce Willis, Matthew Perry, Amanda Peet, Michael Clarke Duncan and Natasha Henstridge. The title derives from a popular expression possibly dating from World War II naval aviation which means...

, It Had To Be You, Ghosts of Mars
Ghosts of Mars
John Carpenter's Ghosts of Mars is a 2001 American science fiction action horror film composed, written, and directed by John Carpenter. The film stars Ice Cube, Natasha Henstridge, Jason Statham, Pam Grier, Clea DuVall, and Joanna Cassidy...

, She Spies
She Spies
She Spies is an action-adventure television show that ran from September 9, 2002 until May 17, 2004, in two seasons. The show was sold into syndication but the first four episodes premiered on the NBC network, whose syndication arm was one of the producers. Disappointing ratings during the show's...

, the TV series Eli Stone
Eli Stone
Eli Stone is an American TV series, and also the name of the title character.San Francisco lawyer Eli Stone begins to see things, which leads him to discover a brain aneurysm...

, and the Canadian TV mini-series Would Be Kings
Would Be Kings
Would Be Kings is a Canadian 4-hour television mini-series directed by David Wellington which aired on CTV on January 27 and January 28, 2008.- Plot :...

, for which she won the Gemini Award for best actress. Her most recent regular role is as Dawn Chamberlain in the TV series The Secret Circle (TV Series)
The Secret Circle (TV series)
The Secret Circle is an American television series broadcast on The CW Television Network. It was developed by Andrew Miller, based on the book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith. On May 17, 2011, The CW announced they had picked up the pilot as a series...

.

Early life

Henstridge was born in Springdale, Newfoundland and Labrador
Springdale, Newfoundland and Labrador
Springdale is a town in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, which had a population of 2,764 in the Canada 2006 Census. The community is located on the North-Western shores of Hall's Bay, in Central Newfoundland, near the mouth of Indian River...

, the daughter of Helen Henstridge, a homemaker, and Brian Henstridge, a construction manager and business owner. She was raised in Fort McMurray, Alberta
Fort McMurray, Alberta
Fort McMurray is an urban service area in the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo in Alberta, Canada. It was previously incorporated as a city on September 1, 1980. It became an urban service area when it amalgamated with Improvement District No. 143 on April 1, 1995 to create the Municipality...

, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

 with her younger brother, Shane.

Modeling career

At the age of 14, Henstridge entered the Casablanca Modeling Agency's "Look of the Year" contest and was chosen first runner-up. The following year, she went to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 to pursue her modeling ambitions. At 15, she was featured on her first magazine cover, the French edition of Cosmopolitan
Cosmopolitan (magazine)
Cosmopolitan is an international magazine for women. It was first published in 1886 in the United States as a family magazine, was later transformed into a literary magazine and eventually became a women's magazine in the late 1960s...

. Several more magazine covers followed and Henstridge went on to do television commercials for products such as Olay
Olay
Olay is an American skin care line. It is one of the top skin care retail brands in the world, except for Japan, and is one of Procter & Gamble's multi-billion dollar brands. For the 2009 fiscal year ended June 30, Olay accounted for an estimated $2.8 billion of P&G's $79 billion in revenue.-Early...

, Old Spice
Old Spice
Old Spice is a prominent American brand of male grooming products. It is manufactured by Procter & Gamble, which acquired the brand in 1990 from the Shulton Company.-History:...

, and Lady Stetson. Her modeling career established, Henstridge moved on to a career in movies.

Film

In her 1995 film debut Species
Species (film)
Species is a 1995 science fiction horror film directed by Roger Donaldson, and starring Ben Kingsley, Michael Madsen, Alfred Molina, Forest Whitaker, Marg Helgenberger, and Natasha Henstridge...

, Henstridge played Sil, a genetically engineered alien/human hybrid created from a message received by SETI
SETI
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence is the collective name for a number of activities people undertake to search for intelligent extraterrestrial life. Some of the most well known projects are run by the SETI Institute. SETI projects use scientific methods to search for intelligent life...

, who breaks free from the captivity of a laboratory. Pursued by a team of experts who band together to stop her before she multiplies, Sil embarks on a killing spree while also discovering her powerful instinct to mate. Species was an instant hit, making $113 million (USD) at the box office
Box office
A box office is a place where tickets are sold to the public for admission to an event. Patrons may perform the transaction at a countertop, through an unblocked hole through a wall or window, or at a wicket....

. Notable for its sexual content, the film won Henstridge the MTV Movie award for "best kiss" for a scene in which her character, while kissing an aggressive would-be suitor, impales his head on her tongue. In 1998, she played Eve, a more ambiguous genetic duplicate of Sil, in Species II
Species II
Species II is a 1998 sequel to the 1995 film Species. It stars Natasha Henstridge, Michael Madsen and Marg Helgenberger, all of whom reprise their roles from the first film. It also features actor James Cromwell as "Senator Judson Ross"...

, which was a failure at the box office.

A few smaller independent movies followed, including Bela Donna and Dog Park
Dog Park (film)
Dog Park is a 1998 American/Canadian romantic comedy film written and directed by Bruce McCulloch.-Plot:Andy, is a writer for newspaper classifieds who has been bouncing from relationship to relationship since eighth grade. Throughout the film, he loses custody of his dog when his girlfriend,...

, with varied box office returns. Henstridge starred opposite Jean-Claude Van Damme
Jean-Claude Van Damme
Jean-Claude Camille François Van Varenberg , professionally known as Jean-Claude Van Damme, is a Belgian martial artist and actor, best known for his martial arts action films, the most successful of which include Bloodsport , Kickboxer , Double Impact , Universal Soldier , Hard Target , Timecop ,...

 in the action/adventure movie Maximum Risk
Maximum Risk
Maximum Risk is a 1996 American action film directed by Ringo Lam. The film starred Jean-Claude Van Damme and Natasha Henstridge.-Plot:Alain Moreau is a cop in Nice, France. Alain is at a funeral that is being held for a fellow cop, when Alain’s partner Sebastien shows up...

. She also starred in the 2000 film The Whole Nine Yards
The Whole Nine Yards (film)
The Whole Nine Yards is a 2000 American adventure crime comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, starring Bruce Willis, Matthew Perry, Amanda Peet, Michael Clarke Duncan and Natasha Henstridge. The title derives from a popular expression possibly dating from World War II naval aviation which means...

and its 2004 sequel The Whole Ten Yards
The Whole Ten Yards
The Whole Ten Yards is a 2004 American Comedy film directed by Howard Deutch and sequel to the 2000 film The Whole Nine Yards. The film stars Bruce Willis, Matthew Perry, Amanda Peet, Natasha Henstridge, and Kevin Pollak.- Plot :...

. Despite having some reservations about the science fiction genre, she signed up for John Carpenter's Ghosts of Mars
Ghosts of Mars
John Carpenter's Ghosts of Mars is a 2001 American science fiction action horror film composed, written, and directed by John Carpenter. The film stars Ice Cube, Natasha Henstridge, Jason Statham, Pam Grier, Clea DuVall, and Joanna Cassidy...

(2001) in the lead role. The film was not well-received, with a 20% rating on Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes is a website devoted to reviews, information, and news of films—widely known as a film review aggregator. Its name derives from the cliché of audiences throwing tomatoes and other vegetables at a poor stage performance...

. In 2004, she briefly appeared as Eve in Species III
Species III
Species III is a 2004 science fiction film. Directed by Brad Turner, it is the third installment of the Species series and stars Robert Knepper, Sunny Mabrey, Robin Dunne, Amelia Cooke, and John Paul Pitoc...

.

Henstridge turned down the role ultimately played by Linda Fiorentino
Linda Fiorentino
Linda Fiorentino is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in the films Dogma, Vision Quest, Men in Black, After Hours and The Last Seduction.-Personal life:...

 in Men in Black
Men in Black (film)
Men in Black is a 1997 science fiction comedy film directed by Barry Sonnenfeld, starring Tommy Lee Jones, Will Smith and Vincent D'Onofrio. The film was based on the Men in Black comic book series by Lowell Cunningham, originally published by Marvel Comics. The film featured the creature effects...

(1997), and she was the first choice for the role of videogame heroine Jill Valentine
Jill Valentine
is a fictional character in the Resident Evil survival horror series by Capcom.Jill is one of the two protagonists of the original Resident Evil game, where she was introduced as a member of the Raccoon Police Department's Special Tactics And Rescue Service , trapped in a secret research complex of...

 in Resident Evil: Apocalypse
Resident Evil: Apocalypse
Resident Evil: Apocalypse is a Canadian-British 2004 science fiction action horror film directed by Alexander Witt, from a screenplay written by producer Paul W.S. Anderson...

(2004) which she had to pull out of due to conflicts with Species III
Species III
Species III is a 2004 science fiction film. Directed by Brad Turner, it is the third installment of the Species series and stars Robert Knepper, Sunny Mabrey, Robin Dunne, Amelia Cooke, and John Paul Pitoc...

.

Television

Henstridge has played a number of roles on television, for example in Caracara and The Outer Limits
The Outer Limits (1995 TV series)
The Outer Limits is an American television series that originally aired on Showtime,the Sci Fi Channel and in syndication between 1995 and 2002...

. From 2005 to 2006, she had a recurring role on the ABC drama Commander in Chief, which starred Geena Davis
Geena Davis
Virginia Elizabeth "Geena" Davis is an American actress, film producer, writer, former fashion model, and a women's Olympics archery team semi-finalist...

 as a fictional female U.S. President
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....

. She also hosted Mostly True Stories: Urban Legends Revealed
Mostly True Stories: Urban Legends Revealed
Mostly True Stories: Urban Legends Revealed is a docudrama about urban legends and re-enacting them and researching their credibility. It aired on The Learning Channel from 2002 until 2004. It ran for four seasons. Early episodes were hosted by Natasha Henstridge...

on TLC, a show about urban legends. She guest-starred in the South Park first season episode "Tom's Rhinoplasty
Tom's Rhinoplasty
"Tom's Rhinoplasty" is the eleventh episode of the first season of the animated television series South Park. It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on February 11, 1998. In the episode, the South Park Elementary boys become infatuated with the new substitute teacher Ms. Ellen,...

" as a substitute teacher, and was credited as "the chick from Species".

Henstridge was working on the TV show She Spies
She Spies
She Spies is an action-adventure television show that ran from September 9, 2002 until May 17, 2004, in two seasons. The show was sold into syndication but the first four episodes premiered on the NBC network, whose syndication arm was one of the producers. Disappointing ratings during the show's...

, prior to its cancellation. She has also completed a TV movie for the Lifetime channel titled Widow on the Hill. In 2006, she filmed the CTV
CTV television network
CTV Television Network is a Canadian English language television network and is owned by Bell Media. It is Canada's largest privately-owned network, and has consistently placed as Canada's top-rated network in total viewers and in key demographics since 2002, after several years trailing the rival...

 original mini-series Would Be Kings
Would Be Kings
Would Be Kings is a Canadian 4-hour television mini-series directed by David Wellington which aired on CTV on January 27 and January 28, 2008.- Plot :...

in Hamilton, Ontario
Hamilton, Ontario
Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Conceived by George Hamilton when he purchased the Durand farm shortly after the War of 1812, Hamilton has become the centre of a densely populated and industrialized region at the west end of Lake Ontario known as the Golden Horseshoe...

, for which she won a Gemini Award
Gemini Award
The Gemini Awards are annual television broadcasting industry awards in Canada.First awarded in 1986, the Geminis celebrate the achievements of TV members of the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television. Essentially, it presents awards for the best television productions in Canada. Awards are...

. She also starred in the expansion set to the video game Command and Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars, entitled Kane's Wrath
Command & Conquer 3: Kane's Wrath
Command & Conquer 3: Kane's Wrath is an expansion pack for the 2007 real-time strategy video game Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars. Developed by Electronic Arts Los Angeles and BreakAway Games studios, it was released on March 24, 2008 in the United States and on March 28, 2008 in Europe by...

.

In 2008, Henstridge played a role on the ABC show, Eli Stone
Eli Stone
Eli Stone is an American TV series, and also the name of the title character.San Francisco lawyer Eli Stone begins to see things, which leads him to discover a brain aneurysm...

. She has also been involved with two other productions, joining the cast of Dave Rodriguez's Anytown, an indie drama that examines a racist high school attack and its aftermath. She has also been involved with the production of Should've Been Romeo from American Independent Pictures.

In 2009, Henstridge did a guest spot on The Tonight Show
The Tonight Show
The Tonight Show is an American late-night talk show that has aired on NBC since 1954. It is the longest currently running regularly scheduled entertainment program in the United States, and the third longest-running show on NBC, after Meet the Press and Today.The Tonight Show has been hosted by...

with Conan O'Brien
Conan O'Brien
Conan Christopher O'Brien is an American television host, comedian, writer, producer and performer. Since November 2010 he has hosted Conan, a late-night talk show that airs on the American cable television station TBS....

. During this she demonstrated a Newfoundland custom called "Screeching In" which involved getting O'Brien to drink Newfoundland Screech
Newfoundland Screech
Newfoundland Screech is 40% alcohol rum sold in Newfoundland. Screech is an award winning rum that, through clever marketing, has a name that was once just a colloquial term to describe almost any cheap, high alcohol spirit, including moonshine...

 rum and kiss a large fish.

In 2011, she appeared on the Season 9 finale and Season 10 premiere of CSI: Miami as Renee Locklear. She then starred in the CW TV series The Secret Circle
The Secret Circle (TV series)
The Secret Circle is an American television series broadcast on The CW Television Network. It was developed by Andrew Miller, based on the book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith. On May 17, 2011, The CW announced they had picked up the pilot as a series...

 as Dawn Chamberlain.

Personal life

Henstridge was married to actor Damian Chapa
Damian Chapa
Damian Robert Chapa is a Mexican-American actor, film director and film producer.Chapa was born in Dayton, Ohio, USA. He was briefly married to Natasha Henstridge. Among his earlier notable film roles are one of the leads in Taylor Hackford's Blood In Blood Out and the part of Ken in the film...

 from 1995 to 1996. She has two sons by actor Liam Waite
Liam Waite
Liam Waite is an American actor who took the name 'Waite' from Hollywood producer and actor, Ralph Waite, his stepfather. He studied acting with under Arthur Mendoza at Actors Circle Theatre...

, named Tristan River, born October 1998, and Asher Sky, born September 2001. Henstridge then had a five-year relationship with Scottish
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...

 singer-songwriter, stage actor, and author Darius Campbell. The two broke off their engagement in early 2010, but changed their mind and got married on Valentine's Day, 2011.

Filmography

Film
Year Film Role Notes
1995 Species
Species (film)
Species is a 1995 science fiction horror film directed by Roger Donaldson, and starring Ben Kingsley, Michael Madsen, Alfred Molina, Forest Whitaker, Marg Helgenberger, and Natasha Henstridge...

Sil
1996 Maximum Risk
Maximum Risk
Maximum Risk is a 1996 American action film directed by Ringo Lam. The film starred Jean-Claude Van Damme and Natasha Henstridge.-Plot:Alain Moreau is a cop in Nice, France. Alain is at a funeral that is being held for a fellow cop, when Alain’s partner Sebastien shows up...

Alex Minetti
Adrenalin: Fear the Rush
Adrenalin: Fear the Rush
Adrenalin: Fear the Rush is a 1996 American science-fiction-action film directed by Albert Pyun, starring Christopher Lambert and Natasha Henstridge. It is set in an alternative future in 2007, where the Soviet Union has collapsed and Russia is in disarray...

Delon
1998 Bela Donna Donna
Standoff Mary
Dog Park
Dog Park (film)
Dog Park is a 1998 American/Canadian romantic comedy film written and directed by Bruce McCulloch.-Plot:Andy, is a writer for newspaper classifieds who has been bouncing from relationship to relationship since eighth grade. Throughout the film, he loses custody of his dog when his girlfriend,...

Lorna
Species II
Species II
Species II is a 1998 sequel to the 1995 film Species. It stars Natasha Henstridge, Michael Madsen and Marg Helgenberger, all of whom reprise their roles from the first film. It also features actor James Cromwell as "Senator Judson Ross"...

Eve
1999 Caracara (aka. The Last Witness) Rachel Sutherland TV Film
2000 Bounce
Bounce (film)
Bounce is a 2000 romantic drama film starring Ben Affleck and Gwyneth Paltrow and directed by Don Roos.-Plot:Advertising executive Buddy has just signed an airline in Chicago as a big client but is later delayed by a snow storm waiting for a flight to Los Angeles on the same airline...

Mimi Prager
The Whole Nine Yards
The Whole Nine Yards (film)
The Whole Nine Yards is a 2000 American adventure crime comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, starring Bruce Willis, Matthew Perry, Amanda Peet, Michael Clarke Duncan and Natasha Henstridge. The title derives from a popular expression possibly dating from World War II naval aviation which means...

Cynthia Tudeski
Second Skin Crystal Ball
It Had to Be You Anna Penn
A Better Way to Die Kelly
2001 A Girl, Three Guys, and a Gun
A Girl, Three Guys, and a Gun
A Girl, Three Guys, and a Gun is a 2001 romantic comedy film from writer-director Brent Florence, who also stars in the picture...

5 O'Clock Girl
Ghosts of Mars
Ghosts of Mars
John Carpenter's Ghosts of Mars is a 2001 American science fiction action horror film composed, written, and directed by John Carpenter. The film stars Ice Cube, Natasha Henstridge, Jason Statham, Pam Grier, Clea DuVall, and Joanna Cassidy...

Lieutenant Melanie Ballard
Kevin of the North
Kevin of the North
Kevin of the North is a 2001 film about an Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. The film, set in Alaska, stars Skeet Ulrich as Kevin Manley, a man whose grandfather has passed on and now must participate in the state's Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race in order to prove he's worthy enough for his...

Bonnie Livengood
2002 Steal
Steal (film)
Steal is a 2002 action adventure film starring Stephen Dorff, Natasha Henstridge, Bruce Payne and Steven Berkoff. It was directed by Gérard Pirès and written by Mark Ezra and Gérard Pirès.-Plot:...

(aka. Riders)
Karen
2004 Species III
Species III
Species III is a 2004 science fiction film. Directed by Brad Turner, it is the third installment of the Species series and stars Robert Knepper, Sunny Mabrey, Robin Dunne, Amelia Cooke, and John Paul Pitoc...

Eve
The Whole Ten Yards
The Whole Ten Yards
The Whole Ten Yards is a 2004 American Comedy film directed by Howard Deutch and sequel to the 2000 film The Whole Nine Yards. The film stars Bruce Willis, Matthew Perry, Amanda Peet, Natasha Henstridge, and Kevin Pollak.- Plot :...

Cynthia
2005 Widow on the Hill Linda Dupree Cavanaugh TV Film
2008 Deception
Deception (2008 film)
Deception is a 2008 drama/thriller film, directed by Marcel Langenegger and written by Mark Bomback. It stars Ewan McGregor, Hugh Jackman, and Michelle Williams. The film was released on April 25, 2008 in the United States.-Plot:...

Simone Wilkinson
2009 Anytown
Anytown (film)
Anytown is a 2009 drama film, written and directed by Dave Rodriguez. The film has won three film awards. "Best Picture" at the Charleston International Film Festival, "Excellence in Filmmaking" at The Method Fest and "Best Screenplay" at the Long Island International Film Expo...

Carol Mills
Let the Game Begin
Let the Game Begin
Let the Game Begin is a 2010 American film romantic comedy from Twisted Light Productions, directed by Amit Gupta. The film stars CSI: Miami actor Adam Rodriguez and Stephen Baldwin...

Angela
2010 You Lucky Dog Lisa Rayborn TV Film
The Devil's Teardrop
The Devil's Teardrop
The Devil's Teardrop is a novel published in 1999, written by author Jeffery Deaver. It, like other books of Deaver's, is a suspense-crime novel and contains several plot twists...

Margaret Lukas TV Film
2011 Should've Been Romeo filming
Television
Year Title Role Notes
1997 South Park
South Park (season 1)
The first season of the American animated television series South Park initially ran for 13 episodes on the US network Comedy Central, from August 13, 1997 to February 25, 1998. The creators of the series, Trey Parker and Matt Stone, wrote and directed most of the season's episodes, while Dan...

Ms. Ellen 1 Episode-Tom's Rhinoplasty
Tom's Rhinoplasty
"Tom's Rhinoplasty" is the eleventh episode of the first season of the animated television series South Park. It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on February 11, 1998. In the episode, the South Park Elementary boys become infatuated with the new substitute teacher Ms. Ellen,...

2000 Jason and the Argonauts Hypsipyle Miniseries
2002–2004 She Spies
She Spies
She Spies is an action-adventure television show that ran from September 9, 2002 until May 17, 2004, in two seasons. The show was sold into syndication but the first four episodes premiered on the NBC network, whose syndication arm was one of the producers. Disappointing ratings during the show's...

Cassie McBain 40 episodes
2005–2006 Commander in Chief
Commander in Chief (TV series)
Commander in Chief is an American drama television series that focused on the fictional administration and family of Mackenzie Allen , the first female President of the United States, who ascends to the role from the Vice Presidency after the death of the sitting President from a sudden cerebral...

Jayne Murray 16 episodes
2008 Would Be Kings
Would Be Kings
Would Be Kings is a Canadian 4-hour television mini-series directed by David Wellington which aired on CTV on January 27 and January 28, 2008.- Plot :...

Miniseries
2008–2009 Eli Stone
Eli Stone
Eli Stone is an American TV series, and also the name of the title character.San Francisco lawyer Eli Stone begins to see things, which leads him to discover a brain aneurysm...

Taylor Wethersby 26 episodes
2009 Impact
Impact (TV miniseries)
Impact is a mini-series about a meteor shower which eventually sends the moon on a collision course with Earth. The two-part mini-series premiered February 14 and 15, 2009 on the Canadian premium television channel Super Channel and was also shown on ABC on June 21 and 28, 2009 and on Alpha TV on...

Dr. Maddie Rhodes Miniseries
2010 Drop Dead Diva
Drop Dead Diva
Drop Dead Diva is an American legal comedy-drama/fantasy television series that debuted on Lifetime on July 12, 2009. The hour-long series, which was created by Josh Berman, is produced by Sony Pictures Television...

Claire Harrison 2 episodes
2011 CSI: Miami Renee Locklear 2 episodes ("Mayday" and "Countermeasures")
2011 - present The Secret Circle
The Secret Circle (TV series)
The Secret Circle is an American television series broadcast on The CW Television Network. It was developed by Andrew Miller, based on the book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith. On May 17, 2011, The CW announced they had picked up the pilot as a series...

Principal Dawn Chamberlain Main cast
Video Game
Year Title Role Notes
2008 Command & Conquer 3: Kane's Wrath
Command & Conquer 3: Kane's Wrath
Command & Conquer 3: Kane's Wrath is an expansion pack for the 2007 real-time strategy video game Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars. Developed by Electronic Arts Los Angeles and BreakAway Games studios, it was released on March 24, 2008 in the United States and on March 28, 2008 in Europe by...

Alexa Kovacs

External links

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