Tajik

Tajikistan

Tajikistan , officially the Republic of Tajikistan , is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders it to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east....

 music

Music

Music is an art form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are pitch , rhythm , dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture...

is closely related to Central Asia

Central Asia

Central Asia is a core region of the Asian continent from the Caspian Sea in the west, China in the east, Afghanistan in the south, and Russia in the north...

n forms. The classical music is shashmaqam

Shashmaqam

Shashmaqam is a Central Asian musical genre, , which may have developed in the city of Bukhara. Shashmaqam means the six Maqams in the Persian language, dastgah being the name for Persian modes, and maqams being the name for modes more generally.It is a refined sort of music, with lyrics derived...

, which Uzbeks also developed classical music of Tajiks and made their distinctive own. http://www.hauntedink.com/almaty/photos7.html. Southern Tajikistan has a distinctive form of folk music

Folk music

Folk music is an English term encompassing both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music. The term originated in the 19th century. Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted by mouth, as music of the lower classes, and as music with unknown composers....

 called falak, which is played at celebrations for wedding

Wedding

A wedding is the ceremony in which two people are united in marriage or a similar institution. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnic groups, religions, countries, and social classes...

s, circumcision

Circumcision

Male circumcision is the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin from the penis. The word "circumcision" comes from Latin and ....

s and other occasions.

Tajik folk music

Tajik folk music is traditionally divided into three styles, Pamir

Pamir Mountains

The Pamir Mountains are a mountain range in Central Asia formed by the junction or knot of the Himalayas, Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, and Hindu Kush ranges. They are among the world’s highest mountains and since Victorian times they have been known as the "Roof of the World" a probable...

 (Mountain-Badakhshan province

Provinces of Tajikistan

||Tajikistan is divided into one autonomous province , 2 provinces and the Districts of Republican Subordination...

), Central Kuhistoni (Gissar, Kulyab, Garm

Garm

Garm may refer to:*Garm, Tajikistan, a town in the Rasht Valley.*Garmr, a large dog in Norse mythology that guards Hel, the land of the dead.*The Garm, a dog-like alien being appearing in the Doctor Who episode Terminus....

 provinces) and Sogdiana

Sogdiana

Sogdiana or Sogdia was the ancient civilization of an Iranian people and a province of the Achaemenid Empire, eighteenth in the list on the Behistun Inscription of Darius the Great . Sogdiana is "listed" as the second of the "good lands and countries" that Ahura Mazda created...

's northern style; the latter is part of the same musical culture as the adjacent regions of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan , officially the Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia and one of the six independent Turkic states. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south....

 (Kashkadarya Province and Surkhandarya Province). There are many kinds of songs, both lyrical and instrument, including work song

Work song

A work song is a piece of music closely connected to a specific form of work, either sung while conducting a task or a song linked to a task or trade which might be a connected narrative, description, or protest song....

s, ceremonial, funeral, wedding

Wedding music

Wedding music applies music played at wedding celebrations, including the ceremony and any festivities before or after the event. The music can be performed live by musicians and/or vocalists or use pre-recorded songs, depending on the format of the event, traditions associated with the...

 and musical epic

Epic poetry

An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation. Oral poetry may qualify as an epic, and Albert Lord and Milman Parry have argued that classical epics were fundamentally an oral poetic form...

s, especially the central Tajik heroic legend Gurugli.

Gharibi

Gharibi is the song of a stranger, an early 20th century innovation of poor farm laborers and other workers who had to leave their land.

Holiday music

Gulgardoni is a springtime holiday (also called Boychechak) which includes carol

Carol (music)

A carol is a festive song, generally religious but not necessarily connected with church worship, and often with a dance-like or popular character....

ling celebratory songs accompanied by the dutar

Dutar

The dutar is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran, Central Asia and South Asia...

 and doira.

Sayri Guli Lola is the holiday of tulip

Tulip

The tulip is a perennial, bulbous plant with showy flowers in the genus Tulipa, which comprises 109 species and belongs to the family Liliaceae. The genus's native range extends from as far west as Southern Europe, North Africa, Anatolia, and Iran to the Northwest of China. The tulip's centre of...

s, which includes accompanied choral

Choir

A choir, chorale or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform.A body of singers who perform together as a group is called a choir or chorus...

 and dance music

Dance music

Dance music is music composed specifically to facilitate or accompany dancing. It can be either a whole musical piece or part of a larger musical arrangement...

. The most important song of this holiday is called "Naqshi Kalon".

The birth of a child is cause for special musical celebration. Traditional puppeteer

Puppetry

Puppetry is a form of theatre or performance which involves the manipulation of puppets. It is very ancient, and is believed to have originated 30,000 years BC. Puppetry takes many forms but they all share the process of animating inanimate performing objects...

s play on the doira, qayroq, surnay and nag'ora. There are other variations, and folk songs like "Naat

Naat

A Na`at is a poetry that specifically praises the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Many of the famous scholars in the earlier days of Islam wrote Naat. People who recite Naat are known as Naat-Khua'an or Sana'a-Khua'an.-History:...

" and "Munojot", performed at the circumcision

Circumcision

Male circumcision is the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin from the penis. The word "circumcision" comes from Latin and ....

 ceremony of a male child.

Traditional Tajik wedding music is played by sozanda, professional musicians, mostly female, who are part of ensembles called the dasta http://intangiblenet.freenet.uz/en/tad/tad331.htm.

Badakhshan

Badakhshan

Badakhshan

Badakhshan is an historic region comprising parts of what is now northeastern Afghanistan and southeastern Tajikistan. The name is retained in Badakhshan Province which is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, in the far northeast of Afghanistan, and contains the Wakhan Corridor...

 is a region inhabited by Pamiri Ismaili

Ismaili

' is a branch of Shia Islam. It is the second largest branch of Shia Islam, after the Twelvers...

s, known for their sung spiritual poetry called madah. Lute

Lute

Lute can refer generally to any plucked string instrument with a neck and a deep round back, or more specifically to an instrument from the family of European lutes....

s are a major part of Ismaili folk music http://www.iis.ac.uk/learning/life_long_learning/music_badakhshan/music_badakhshan.htm.
TAJIK MUSIC