Mount Friesland
Encyclopedia
Mount Friesland is the summit of Tangra Mountains
Tangra Mountains
Tangra Mountains form the principal mountain range of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica...
on Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands
South Shetland Islands
The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands, lying about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, with a total area of . By the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the Islands' sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the signatories and they are free for use by any signatory for...
, Antarctica. The peak is rising to 1700 m sharp, and is heavily glaciated and crevassed. Situated 12.5 km northeast of Barnard Point
Barnard Point
Barnard Point is a headland which marks the southeast side of the entrance to False Bay on the south side of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. This point was known to sealers as early as 1822. The name was applied about a century later, probably after Mount Barnard ...
, 9.7 km east-southeast of St. Kliment Ohridski Base
St. Kliment Ohridski Base
St. Kliment Ohridski Base is a Bulgarian Antarctic base on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.The base, originally known as Sofia University Refuge, was named in 1993 "for St...
, 3.6 km southeast of the summit of Pliska Ridge
Pliska Ridge
Pliska Ridge is a three-peaked ridge rising to 667 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica...
, 6.1 km south by east of Mount Bowles
Mount Bowles
Mount Bowles is an ice-covered mountain of elevation 822 m, the summit of Bowles Ridge in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands. Situated 3 mi north of Mount Friesland to which it is linked by Wörner Gap. Coordinates and elevation given according to 2003 Australian GPS survey...
, 2.9 km south-southwest of Camp Academia
Camp Academia
Camp Academia is a geographical locality in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named for the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in appreciation of Academy’s contribution to the Antarctic exploration...
, 7 km west of Great Needle Peak
Great Needle Peak
Great Needle Peak is the summit of the central Levski Ridge in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, Antarctica. Rising to ca. 1690 m, it is the second highest peak of Tangra Mountains after Mount Friesland...
, and 6.85 km north by west of Samuel Point
Samuel Point
Samuel Point is on the coast of Bransfield Strait forming the southwest side of the entrance to Brunow Bay on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica...
.
The first ascent of Mount Friesland was made by the Catalans Francesc Sàbat (q.v. Sàbat Hill
Sàbat Hill
Sàbat Hill is the ice-free hill rising to 151 m in Dospey Heights on the Ray Promontory of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica...
) and Jorge Enrique (q.v. Enrique Hill
Enrique Hill
Enrique Hill is the ice-free hill rising to 156 m in Dospey Heights on the Ray Promontory of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica...
) from Juan Carlos I Base
Juan Carlos I Base
Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base, named after the king of Spain, Juan Carlos I, is a seasonal scientific station operated by Spain, opened in January 1988...
on 30 December 1991. The peak was climbed and GPS surveyed by the Australians Damien Gildea
Damien Gildea
Damien Gildea is an Australian mountaineer and Antarctic explorer who climbed extensively in Antarctica, Nepal, Tibet, Pakistan, Bolivia, Alaska, New Zealand and elsewhere...
and John Bath and the Chilean Rodrigo Fica on 20 December 2003, who produced a new map of the island in 2004, based on Spanish satellite imagery and their GPS data. The third ascent was made by the Bulgarians
Bulgarians
The Bulgarians are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group native to Bulgaria and neighbouring regions. Emigration has resulted in immigrant communities in a number of other countries.-History and ethnogenesis:...
Lyubomir Ivanov and Doychin Vasilev
Doychin Vasilev
Doychin Vasilev is a Bulgarian alpinist and cinematographer who has climbed five Himalayan 8,000 m peaks: Dhaulagiri , Mount Everest , Makalu , and Shishapangma and Cho Oyu . President of Alpine Club Vihren, Sofia...
from Camp Academia
Camp Academia
Camp Academia is a geographical locality in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named for the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in appreciation of Academy’s contribution to the Antarctic exploration...
on 15 December 2004. All these used the eastern route to the peak, by way of Catalunyan Saddle
Catalunyan Saddle
Catalunyan Saddle is a saddle of 1260 m height in the Friesland Ridge of the Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands. The saddle is bounded by Lyaskovets Peak to the east and by Presian Ridge to the west. The saddle was named in honour of the Catalans Francesc Sàbat...
and Presian Ridge
Presian Ridge
Presian Ridge is a ridge of elevation 1456 m extending 950 m in east-weat direction in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Situated between the island's summit Mount Friesland to the west and Catalunyan Saddle to the east...
.
The feature was known to American and British sealers as early as 1820-21, and has been variously known as ‘Peak of Frezeland’, ‘Friezland Peak’, and ‘Friesland Peak’. In the early 1900s the name ‘Barnard’, applied by James Weddell
James Weddell
James Weddell was a British sailor, navigator and seal hunter who in the early Spring of 1823 sailed to latitude of 74°15' S and into a region of the Southern Ocean that later became known as the Weddell Sea.-Early life:He entered the merchant service very...
in 1825 to nearby Needle Peak, was transferred to this mountain. The original name has now been restored; the spelling ‘Friesland’ appears to have been more frequently used than any of the other versions. The name Barnard Point
Barnard Point
Barnard Point is a headland which marks the southeast side of the entrance to False Bay on the south side of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. This point was known to sealers as early as 1822. The name was applied about a century later, probably after Mount Barnard ...
has since been approved for the nearby point at the southeast side of False Bay
False Bay, Livingston Island
False Bay is a 4 mi long bay, which lies between Barnard Point and Miers Bluff on the south side of Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It was probably first entered and charted by Capt...
.
Maps
- S. Soccol, D. Gildea and J. Bath. Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:100000 satellite map. The Omega Foundation, USA, 2004.
- L.L. Ivanov et al., Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands (from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution), 1:100000 scale topographic map, Antarctic Place-names CommissionAntarctic Place-names CommissionThe Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute in 1994, and since 2001 has been a body affiliated to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria. The Commission approves Bulgarian place names in Antarctica, which are formally given by the President of the...
of Bulgaria, Sofia, 2005 - L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4
