Monheim am Rhein
Encyclopedia
Monheim am Rhein is a town on the right (eastern) bank of the river Rhine in North Rhine-Westphalia
, Germany
. Monheim belongs to the district of Mettmann
- with the southern suburbs of Düsseldorf
to the north, and the Bergisches Land
to the south. It consists of the city districts (from north to south) Baumberg
(about one third) and Monheim (two thirds).
border Monheim am Rhein:
to the north Düsseldorf
, to the east Langenfeld
(also part of the district of Mettmann
), to the south Leverkusen
and (both divided by the river Rhine) Cologne
to the southwest, and Dormagen
to the west (part of the district of Neuss
).
(Earldom) Berg
. It became the administrative centre for the surrounding villages (including many of the villages that now form Düsseldorf
) in 1363, and stayed in that position until Napoleon
formed the Rhine Confederation
in 1806. Monheim, Baumberg
and Hitdorf were then combined into a municipal corporation
. Monheim gained city status
in 1960, ten years after it finally incorporated the neighbouring villages Baumberg and Hitdorf. At the end of 1974 Monheim was incorporated by Düsseldorf
as part of a major municipal corporation
reform. After a successful complaint in the federal state's constitutional court in Münster
, the city became independent again on 1 July 1976, but lost Hitdorf to Leverkusen
. Since 1994 the official city name has been Monheim am Rhein.
and the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg
, situated on their borders. There are several bus lines running between the city districts, neighbouring towns, and the closest S-Bahn
railway station on the border with Langenfeld
. Many of Monheim's residents are commuters to near Düsseldorf
(20 minutes) and Cologne
(30 minutes).
The A59
is connected to Monheim, as is the A542 which connects to the nearby A3 and A1.
The city is in the vicinity of both Düsseldorf International Airport
and the Cologne Bonn Airport
.
with:
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Monheim belongs to the district of Mettmann
Mettmann (district)
Mettmann is a Kreis in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring are the Ennepe-Ruhr and thedistrict-free cities Wuppertal, Solingen, Düsseldorf,Duisburg, Mülheim, Essen...
- with the southern suburbs of Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
to the north, and the Bergisches Land
Bergisches Land
The Bergisches Land is a low mountain range region within the state of Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, east of Rhine river, south of the Ruhr. The landscape is shaped by woods, meadows, rivers and creeks and contains over 20 artificial lakes...
to the south. It consists of the city districts (from north to south) Baumberg
Baumberg
Baumberg is part of the city of Monheim am Rhein in the district of Mettmann in North Rhine-Westphalia at the southern border of Düsseldorf, placed on the eastern bank of the river Rhine...
(about one third) and Monheim (two thirds).
Adjacent Cities and districts
The following cities and districtsDistricts of Germany
The districts of Germany are known as , except in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein where they are known simply as ....
border Monheim am Rhein:
to the north Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
, to the east Langenfeld
Langenfeld
There are communes and places that have the name Langenfeld in Germany:*Langenfeld, Bavaria, in the Neustadt district, Mittelfranken, Bavaria*Langenfeld, Mayen-Koblenz, in the Mayen-Koblenz district, Rhineland-Palatinate...
(also part of the district of Mettmann
Mettmann (district)
Mettmann is a Kreis in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring are the Ennepe-Ruhr and thedistrict-free cities Wuppertal, Solingen, Düsseldorf,Duisburg, Mülheim, Essen...
), to the south Leverkusen
Leverkusen
Leverkusen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany on the eastern bank of the Rhine. To the South, Leverkusen borders the city of Cologne and to the North is the state capital Düsseldorf....
and (both divided by the river Rhine) Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
to the southwest, and Dormagen
Dormagen
Dormagen is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany in the Rhein-Kreis Neuss.-Geography:Dormagen is situated between Düsseldorf – Cologne – Mönchengladbach on the western bank of the river Rhine.-Division of the town:...
to the west (part of the district of Neuss
Rhein-Kreis Neuss
Neuss is a Kreis in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Nearby are the urban districts Mönchengladbach, Krefeld, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Cologne, the districts Rhein-Erft-Kreis, Düren, Heinsberg and the district Viersen.-History:...
).
History
Monheim has approximately 850 years of recorded history. It was first documented in 1150 as a fishermen's village in the GrafschaftGrafschaft
Grafschaft can refer to:* a German term for county, in a sense that it is an area which belonged to a count . However, administrative districts without a count, which would also be called counties in English-speaking countries, are not called Grafschaft in German.**List of states in the Holy Roman...
(Earldom) Berg
Berg (state)
Berg was a state – originally a county, later a duchy – in the Rhineland of Germany. Its capital was Düsseldorf. It existed from the early 12th to the 19th centuries.-Ascent:...
. It became the administrative centre for the surrounding villages (including many of the villages that now form Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
) in 1363, and stayed in that position until Napoleon
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
formed the Rhine Confederation
Confederation of the Rhine
The Confederation of the Rhine was a confederation of client states of the First French Empire. It was formed initially from 16 German states by Napoleon after he defeated Austria's Francis II and Russia's Alexander I in the Battle of Austerlitz. The Treaty of Pressburg, in effect, led to the...
in 1806. Monheim, Baumberg
Baumberg
Baumberg is part of the city of Monheim am Rhein in the district of Mettmann in North Rhine-Westphalia at the southern border of Düsseldorf, placed on the eastern bank of the river Rhine...
and Hitdorf were then combined into a municipal corporation
Municipal corporation
A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which...
. Monheim gained city status
City status
City status is the national recognition of an area as a city. Specifically, "city status" may refer to:*City rights in the Low Countries*City status in Ireland*City status in the United Kingdom*City status in the United States of America...
in 1960, ten years after it finally incorporated the neighbouring villages Baumberg and Hitdorf. At the end of 1974 Monheim was incorporated by Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
as part of a major municipal corporation
Municipal corporation
A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which...
reform. After a successful complaint in the federal state's constitutional court in Münster
Münster
Münster is an independent city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the Westphalia region. It is also capital of the local government region Münsterland...
, the city became independent again on 1 July 1976, but lost Hitdorf to Leverkusen
Leverkusen
Leverkusen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany on the eastern bank of the Rhine. To the South, Leverkusen borders the city of Cologne and to the North is the state capital Düsseldorf....
. Since 1994 the official city name has been Monheim am Rhein.
Sites of interest
- Schelmenturm - The 26m-high (85 ft) landmark of Monheim is a tower from the early 15th century, which was part of the former fortificationFortificationFortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defence in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs...
built by the Earls of BergBerg (state)Berg was a state – originally a county, later a duchy – in the Rhineland of Germany. Its capital was Düsseldorf. It existed from the early 12th to the 19th centuries.-Ascent:...
. Since 1972, the tower has been reorganised, also being used as cultural meeting place.
- Deusserhaus - The Deusser manor houseManor houseA manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...
, built around 1848, today is the museum of the Heimatbund (local history society) Monheim e.V.Eingetragener VereinEingetragener Verein is a legal status for a registered voluntary association in Germany and Austria. While any group may be called a Verein, registration as eingetragener Verein holds many legal benefits because a registered association may legally function as a corporate body rather than just...
- Haus Bürgel - This house is located on the border between BaumbergBaumbergBaumberg is part of the city of Monheim am Rhein in the district of Mettmann in North Rhine-Westphalia at the southern border of Düsseldorf, placed on the eastern bank of the river Rhine...
and DüsseldorfDüsseldorfDüsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
in a landscape conservation area called "Urdenbacher Kämpe", a flood plainFloodplainA floodplain, or flood plain, is a flat or nearly flat land adjacent a stream or river that stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls and experiences flooding during periods of high discharge...
of the Rhine. The earliest source from 1019 states that the "CastrumCastraThe Latin word castra, with its singular castrum, was used by the ancient Romans to mean buildings or plots of land reserved to or constructed for use as a military defensive position. The word appears in both Oscan and Umbrian as well as in Latin. It may have descended from Indo-European to Italic...
in Burgela" was built in the 4th century as part of the RomanRoman EmpireThe Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
defences against the FranksFranksThe Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
on the left bank of the Rhine. In the 14th century, the heavy meanderMeanderA meander in general is a bend in a sinuous watercourse. A meander is formed when the moving water in a stream erodes the outer banks and widens its valley. A stream of any volume may assume a meandering course, alternately eroding sediments from the outside of a bend and depositing them on the...
ing river changed its bed after a flood, so that Haus Bürgel is actually on the right bank of the Rhine today. Some remains of the Roman walls are still visible, although the place was transformed into a larger FrankishFranksThe Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
manor-house. In recent years, it has been used as a museum and biological-environmental research and information station.
- Gänselieselbrunnen - The fountainFountainA fountain is a piece of architecture which pours water into a basin or jets it into the air either to supply drinking water or for decorative or dramatic effect....
known locally as Gänselieselbrunnen is located next to the town hall of Monheim am Rhein.
Transportation
Monheim is part of both of the public transportation associations Verkehrsverbund Rhein-RuhrVerkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr
The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr is the public transport association covering the area of the Rhine-Ruhr megalopolis in Germany...
and the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg
Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg
The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg abbreviated VRS, is the public transport association covering the area of the Cologne/Bonn Region, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany....
, situated on their borders. There are several bus lines running between the city districts, neighbouring towns, and the closest S-Bahn
Rhein-Ruhr S-Bahn
The Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn is a polycentric S-Bahn network covering the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. This includes most of the Ruhr , the Berg cities of Wuppertal and Solingen and parts of the Rhineland...
railway station on the border with Langenfeld
Langenfeld
There are communes and places that have the name Langenfeld in Germany:*Langenfeld, Bavaria, in the Neustadt district, Mittelfranken, Bavaria*Langenfeld, Mayen-Koblenz, in the Mayen-Koblenz district, Rhineland-Palatinate...
. Many of Monheim's residents are commuters to near Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
(20 minutes) and Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
(30 minutes).
The A59
Bundesautobahn 59
is an autobahn in Germany that starts in Dinslaken and runs with three breaks along Duisburg, Düsseldorf and Cologne to Bonn.In the south of Duisburg it is the city highway, too....
is connected to Monheim, as is the A542 which connects to the nearby A3 and A1.
The city is in the vicinity of both Düsseldorf International Airport
Düsseldorf International Airport
Düsseldorf International Airport is the largest airport in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, and the third largest airport in Germany, handling 18.99 million passengers in 2010....
and the Cologne Bonn Airport
Cologne Bonn Airport
Cologne/Bonn Airport is an international airport located in the district of Porz in the city of Cologne, Germany, and is surrounded by the Wahner Heide nature reserve. The airport is centrally located in the Cologne/Bonn Region southeast of Cologne city centre and northeast of Bonn...
.
International relations
Monheim am Rhein is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:
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