Mittagong, New South Wales
Encyclopedia
Mittagong is a town located in the Southern Highlands
Southern Highlands, New South Wales
The Southern Highlands, also locally referred to as the Highlands, is a geographical region and district in New South Wales, Australia and is 110 km south-west of Sydney. The entire region is under the local government area of the Wingecarribee Shire...

 of New South Wales
New South Wales
New South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...

, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

, in Wingecarribee Shire. At the 2006 census
Census in Australia
The Australian census is administered once every five years by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The most recent census was conducted on 9 August 2011; the next will be conducted in 2016. Prior to the introduction of regular censuses in 1961, they had also been run in 1901, 1911, 1921, 1933,...

, Mittagong had a population of 7,460 people. The town can be seen as the gateway to the Southern Highlands when coming from Sydney. The town is close to Bowral
Bowral, New South Wales
-Attractions:Bowral is perhaps the best known of the towns and villages of the Southern Highlands, and in recent years has become the commercial centre of the Wingecarribee Shire. Bowral is known for its boutiques, antique stores, gourmet restaurants, and rich coffee culture.Bowral is home to the...

, Berrima
Berrima, New South Wales
Berrima is an historic village in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The village, once a major town, is located on the Old Hume Highway between Canberra and Sydney. It was previously known officially as the Town of Berrima...

, Moss Vale
Moss Vale, New South Wales
Moss Vale is a town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. It has a population of 7,339 and is sited on the Illawarra Highway, which connects to Wollongong and the Illawarra coast via Macquarie Pass...

 and the Northern Villages such as Yerrinbool
Yerrinbool, New South Wales
Yerrinbool is a Northern Village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in the Wingecarribee Shire, and is accessible from the Hume Highway and is about 12 km drive from nearby Mittagong. It is 6–8 km by foot to Hill Top as the crow flies. It was previously officially...

 and Colo Vale
Colo Vale, New South Wales
Colo Vale is a Northern Village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. It is situated 2 km north-west of Aylmerton, 5 km from the Hume Highway and 12 km drive to Mittagong....

. Moreover, Mittagong is home to many wineries of the Southern Highlands
Southern Highlands, New South Wales
The Southern Highlands, also locally referred to as the Highlands, is a geographical region and district in New South Wales, Australia and is 110 km south-west of Sydney. The entire region is under the local government area of the Wingecarribee Shire...

 which has been a recent growing wine and cellar door region.

Mittagong is colloquially known as Mitta.

Mittagong as a town also includes the small surrounding villages of Welby
Welby, New South Wales
Welby is a small town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town is located 1 km west of Mittagong and houses the local Southern Highlands RTA office. At the 2006 census, Welby had a population of 777....

, Balaclava
Balaclava, New South Wales
Balaclava is a Northern Village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia in Wingecarribee Shire. It is 1 km north-east of Mittagong. The village includes a service station, real estate, pre-school, nursery and antiques store. It is located in Wingecarribee Shire and is often...

, Braemar
Braemar, New South Wales
Braemar is a northern village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia in Wingecarribee Shire. It is located 2 km north-east of Mittagong and is often considered to include the hamlet villages of Balaclava and Willow Vale....

 and Willow Vale.

Geography

The town lies between two small mountains, Mount Alexander and Mount Gibraltar
Mount Gibraltar
Mount Gibraltar is a small mountain between Bowral and Mittagong in New South Wales, Australia-Facts and Figures:The mountain is locally known as 'The Gib', and is in the form of a ridge, rather than an obvious conical peak. The western extremity of the ridge is commonly pointed out as the mountain...

, and a small lake, Lake Alexandra that feeds into the nearby Nattai River
Nattai River
-References:...

. Mount Gibraltar overlooks the town. Lookouts are available upon the mountain for viewing. Mount Gibraltar can also be seen closely when travelling to Bowral from Mittagong on Bowral Road.

Etymology

The name "Mittagong" is said to come from an Aboriginal word meaning "little mountain". Other suggested meanings are "a companion" and "plenty of native dogs", as the Mittagong range was home to many dingo
Dingo
The Australian Dingo or Warrigal is a free-roaming wild dog unique to the continent of Australia, mainly found in the outback. Its original ancestors are thought to have arrived with humans from southeast Asia thousands of years ago, when dogs were still relatively undomesticated and closer to...

s at one time.

Attractions

Today, the town offers visitors to explore its history, scenery, small waterfalls, bushwalks and its famed "Waratah
Waratah
Waratah is a genus of five species of large shrubs or small trees in the Proteaceae, native to the southeastern parts of Australia...

" flowering in November. A chamber music festival is held each Easter. Tourists can visit Mount Gibraltar, Lake Alexandra and various wineries located around and in Mittagong. It also features one of the first iron mining sites in Australia, close to Lake Alexandra. The main street boasts a wide array of retailers and many antique shops.

Notably, Mittagong is home and close to many of the Southern Highland's wineries and cellar doors which are famous locally, nationally and internationally. The wineries have established themselves in the region since the 1980s due to the soil and climate of Mittagong which is believed to be perfect for viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...

.

Mittagong is home to an abandoned historical building complex known as the "Maltings". The Maltings in the past served as malthouse
Malthouse
A malt house, or maltings, is a building where cereal grain is converted into malt by soaking it in water, allowing it to sprout and then drying it to stop further growth. The malt is used in brewing beer, whisky and in certain foods. The traditional malt house was largely phased out during the...

s for the old major beer company of New South Wales, Tooth and Co.
Tooth and Co.
Tooth and Co. was the major brewer of beer in New South Wales, Australia. The company owned a large brewery on Broadway in Sydney from 1835 until 1985, known as the Kent Brewery...

 One of the malthouse buildings can be seen when entering Mittagong on the Old Hume Highway
Old Hume Highway
The Old Hume Highway may be described as any part of an earlier route of the Hume Highway, which traverses Victoria and New South Wales between the cities of Melbourne and Sydney in Australia...

 from Braemar
Braemar, New South Wales
Braemar is a northern village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia in Wingecarribee Shire. It is located 2 km north-east of Mittagong and is often considered to include the hamlet villages of Balaclava and Willow Vale....

. This building is one of the original buildings and is over 100 years old. This complex is abandoned and in decay. However, a few years ago it had been subject to an attempted renovation which was stopped shortly after.

Transport

Mittagong is on the Old Hume Highway
Hume Highway
The Hume Highway/Hume Freeway is one of Australia's major inter-city highways, running for 880 km between Sydney and Melbourne. It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury-Wodonga and...

, which linked Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...

, Canberra
Canberra
Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory , south-west of Sydney, and north-east of Melbourne...

 and Melbourne
Melbourne
Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...

, but the highway was diverted in 1992. The opening of the bypass was expected by some to negatively affect business in Mittagong, but instead the location has become a rest stop for drivers and a daytripper destination from Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...

, only around one hour away. However, Mittagong can be accessed from the Hume Highway
Hume Highway
The Hume Highway/Hume Freeway is one of Australia's major inter-city highways, running for 880 km between Sydney and Melbourne. It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury-Wodonga and...

 in the north via the Aylmerton
Aylmerton, New South Wales
Aylmerton is a Northern Village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia in Wingecarribee Shire. It is located north-east of Mittagong. The only buildings in Aylmerton are a fire station and houses, many of which are on farms...

/Braemar
Braemar, New South Wales
Braemar is a northern village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia in Wingecarribee Shire. It is located 2 km north-east of Mittagong and is often considered to include the hamlet villages of Balaclava and Willow Vale....

 ramp and in the south via the Welby
Welby, New South Wales
Welby is a small town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town is located 1 km west of Mittagong and houses the local Southern Highlands RTA office. At the 2006 census, Welby had a population of 777....

 ramp.

The town is home to the Mittagong railway station
Mittagong railway station, New South Wales
-Transport links:Berrima Coaches runs five routes to and from Mittagong railway station:*800L - to Picton*806 - between Bowral and Bargo*807 - between Bowral and High Range*811 - to Moss Vale*816 - to Moss Vale...

 on CityRail
CityRail
CityRail is an operating brand of RailCorp, a corporation owned by the state government of New South Wales, Australia. It is responsible for providing commuter rail services, and some coach services, in and around Sydney, Newcastle and Wollongong, the three largest cities of New South Wales. It is...

's Southern Highlands line
Southern Highlands railway line, New South Wales
The Southern Highlands Line is a section of the Main South railway line, and part of the CityRail outer suburban network. Its main service areas are the Southern Highlands Region , the Southern Tablelands Region and the Wollondilly section of the Macarthur Region of New South Wales...

 with regular services to and from Central Station
Central railway station, Sydney
Central Railway Station, the largest railway station in Australia, is at the southern end of the Sydney CBD. It services almost all the lines on the CityRail network, and is the major terminus for interurban and interstate rail services...

 in Sydney, Goulburn
Goulburn, New South Wales
Goulburn is a provincial city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in Goulburn Mulwaree Council Local Government Area. It is located south-west of Sydney on the Hume Highway and above sea-level. On Census night 2006, Goulburn had a population of 20,127 people...

 as well as CountryLink
CountryLink
CountryLink is the operator of passenger rail services in country New South Wales, Australia and into Queensland and Victoria. It is an operating brand of the Rail Corporation New South Wales, a government-owned entity...

 services to Canberra and Melbourne.

The town is also home to the historic bus company Berrima Coaches depot. Berrima Coaches services the entire Wingecarribee Shire.

A number of long distance coach operators service Mittagong for Canberra, Melbourne and Adelaide. Priors Scenic Express operates a service six days a week to Greater Sydney (Campelltown, Liverpool and Parramatta) and to the Shoalhaven and South Coasts of New South Wales.

History

The first permanent settler in the Mittagong district was William Chalker (1775–1823) (also known as Charker), a former convict transported from England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

, who arrived in the area on 10 May 1821. He became the Principal Overseer of Government Stock, and Chief Constable and Poundkeeper in the Cowpastures. A memorial plaque to Chalker was unveiled in May 1988 as a Bicentennial
Australian Bicentenary
The bicentenary of Australia was celebrated in 1970 on the 200th anniversary of Captain James Cook landing and claiming the land, and again in 1988 to celebrate 200 years of permanent European settlement.-1970:...

 project; the plaque overlooks an area once known as Chalker's Flat now known as Lower Mittagong
Lower Mittagong, New South Wales
Lower Mittagong is a scattered village in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. It is located east of Mittagong and south of Aylmerton. Lower Mittagong was previously known as Chalkers Flat and Nattai....

. It is widely known that some of his descendants still live in the Mittagong/Bowral area. Previously, the original name of Mittagong was New Sheffield, and the lower portion of Mittagong toward Welby was named Nattai.

Mittagong has been home to many industries including the multi billion dollar corporation, Dane and Andrew, with iron being first smelted in the area. The Box Vale Coal Mine, Joadja
Joadja, New South Wales
Joadja is a ghost town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire.It was a thriving mining town between 1870–1911. It was home for approximately 1100 people, many of Scots ancestry, and was connected to the nearby town of Mittagong by a narrow gauge railway that...

 Kerosene Shale, and the first supply of fresh milk and butter to Sydney by the Fresh Food & Ice Company all operated out of Mittagong in years gone by.

The transport of iron ore and smelted iron was made by steam train. Lake Alexandra was originally a water supply dam for railway engines hauling coal from the back of Mount Alexandra to the iron mines. It was drained in the 1890s when the land around it was given to Council by the Mittagong Land Company.

The presence of the ironstone was discovered when the deviation of the road south was being made through Mittagong in the early 1830s. Fifteen years elapsed before any attempt was made to work the iron deposit. In 1848 land was taken up and smelting commenced, the iron ore in a small blast furnace that had been erected. The Sydney Morning Herald of 12 December 1848 said the public had already witnessed the success of the mine by the specimens of manufactured articles exhibited in Sydney. On 2 February 1849 it was stated that a quarry had been opened and stone prepared for buildings in course of erection. A brickfield had also commenced operations. Smelting was being carried on by means of a Cataline furnace and two shafts had been sunk. The party engaged in operating the mine was living in tents until buildings were erected. The mine was referred to at this time as the Fitz Roy iron mine, doubtless in honour of Sir Charles A. Fitz Roy, the Governor-General.

Until the 1990s the town was dominated by trucks and in winter it was also busy with skiers' traffic on the way to the Australian Alps. Today the Hume Highway
Hume Highway
The Hume Highway/Hume Freeway is one of Australia's major inter-city highways, running for 880 km between Sydney and Melbourne. It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury-Wodonga and...

 bypasses Mittagong and all the towns and villages of the Southern Highlands
Southern Highlands, New South Wales
The Southern Highlands, also locally referred to as the Highlands, is a geographical region and district in New South Wales, Australia and is 110 km south-west of Sydney. The entire region is under the local government area of the Wingecarribee Shire...

.The highway bypass was first evaluated as having a slightly negative impact on Mittagong's economy for about a year after its opening, due to the loss of traffic-serving business. Expectations were re-evaluated as mildly positive in 1994 taking into account hard-to-quantify benefits such as the increased appeal of the town as a place to live.

Mittagong is also home to prestigious private boarding girls high school, Frensham
Frensham School
Frensham School is an independent, non-denominational, secondary, day and boarding school for girls, located at Mittagong, south of Sydney, in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia....

 that was opened by Winifred Mary West in 1913. The school is notable for its alumnae which include Dr Catherine Hamlin
Catherine Hamlin
Catherine Hamlin , AC, MBBS, FRCS, FRANZCOG, FRCOG is an Australian obstetrician and gynaecologist who, with her late husband New Zealander Dr. Reg Hamlin, co-founded the Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital, the world's only medical centre dedicated exclusively to providing free obstetric fistula repair...

 and former Lord Mayor of Sydney, Lucy Turnbull
Lucy Turnbull
Lucinda Mary "Lucy" Turnbull, née Hughes AO , a former Australian politician and former Lord Mayor of Sydney, is a prominent Australian business leader and company director. Turnbull was the first female Lord Mayor of Sydney, between 2003 and 2004 and was Deputy Lord Mayor, between 1999 and 2003...

. ( For more information, see Frensham School
Frensham School
Frensham School is an independent, non-denominational, secondary, day and boarding school for girls, located at Mittagong, south of Sydney, in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia....

. )
Another famous resident of Mittagong is Sir Donald Bradman, who moved there in 1962.

In March 2007, the Highlands Marketplace was opened. The complex is located on the Old Hume Highway
Old Hume Highway
The Old Hume Highway may be described as any part of an earlier route of the Hume Highway, which traverses Victoria and New South Wales between the cities of Melbourne and Sydney in Australia...

 towards Welby
Welby, New South Wales
Welby is a small town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town is located 1 km west of Mittagong and houses the local Southern Highlands RTA office. At the 2006 census, Welby had a population of 777....

. The building has retail franchises such as Big W
Big W
Big W is one of the largest chain of discount department stores in Australia, with over 150 stores. It is a division of Woolworths Limited, the second largest retailer in Australia. Its main competitors are Kmart and Target, both owned by Wesfarmers....

, Woolworths
Woolworths Limited
Woolworths Limited is a major Australian company with extensive retail interest throughout Australia and New Zealand. It is the:* largest retail company in Australia and New Zealand by market capitalisation and sales...

 and many others. It is built upon the original iron mines site dating back to the 1800s. There is a display of some of the original remains of this historical site in the carpark, interpretive signs recording the history. In November 2008, a new shopping complex was opened alongside the Highlands Marketplace known as the Highlands Homemaker Centre. It has franchises such as Dick Smith Electronics
Dick Smith Electronics
Dick Smith is an international electronics retailer, founded in 1968 by Richard "Dick" Smith. Today, it is a subsidiary of Woolworths Limited, incorporating Tandy, and the remaining Dick Smith Powerhouse Stores...

, The Good Guys
The Good Guys (Australia)
The Good Guys is a chain of consumer electronics retail stores in Australia and New Zealand. It is based in the Melbourne suburb of Airport West, Victoria. It was founded by Ian Muir, and the Muir family continues to own the chain. -History:...

, and Fantastic Furniture.

Churches

  • St Stephen's Anglican Church- Main Street
  • St Michael's Catholic Church
  • Highlands Baptist Church (Welby
    Welby, New South Wales
    Welby is a small town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town is located 1 km west of Mittagong and houses the local Southern Highlands RTA office. At the 2006 census, Welby had a population of 777....

    )
  • Mittagong Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
  • Highlands Christian Church
  • Southern Highlands Foursquare Church (Pentecostalism
    Pentecostalism
    Pentecostalism is a diverse and complex movement within Christianity that places special emphasis on a direct personal experience of God through the baptism in the Holy Spirit, has an eschatological focus, and is an experiential religion. The term Pentecostal is derived from Pentecost, the Greek...

    )
  • Mittagong Uniting Church
  • Mittagong Presbyterian Church

Schools

Schools in Mittagong:
  • Frensham School
    Frensham School
    Frensham School is an independent, non-denominational, secondary, day and boarding school for girls, located at Mittagong, south of Sydney, in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia....

  • Gib Gate
  • Mittagong Public School
  • St Michael's Catholic Primary School
  • Tangara School (Special Education)

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK