Minuscule 699
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 699 δ104 (von Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 11th century. Some leaves of the manuscript were lost. Scrivener
labelled it by 603e.
on 369 parchment leaves (size ), with some lacunae
(Romans 16:19-27; 1 Cor 1:1-11; 2 Cor 10:9-13:13; Gal 1:1-12). Four leaves are unfoliated on paper. The order of books is usual for the Greek manuscripts: Gospels, Acts, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles (Hebrews before 1 Timothy), Apocalypse.
The text is written in one column per page, 30 lines per page. The text of Matthew 23:1-20 was supplied by a later hand. The headpieces in colour and gold, the large initials in colours and gold, at the beginning of books, small initials in red and gold.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the left margin; the (titles) are given at the top or bottom of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241, the last section in 16:20), but there are no references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the tables of the before each Gospel, lectionary markings in the margin, and subscriptions at the end, Synaxarion, and Menologion. It contains many brief scholia on the margin made by prima manu. At the end on three leaves are unfinished επιγραμμα of Pseudo-Dorotheus
, Bishop of Tyre, on the Seventy disciples
and the 12 Apostles.
In the Pauline epistles occur iota adscript
um, and N ephelkystikon always with verbs (except Hebrews 1:14; 12:8.11) is frequent; errors of itacismus
occur 49 times: αι (for ε) 5; ε (for αι) 2; ι (for ει) 5; ει (for ι) 8; ει (for η) 5; η (for ει) 3; ω (for ο) 6; ο (for ω) 9; ι (for η) 2; η (for ι) 3; ε (for η) 1; υ (for οι) 1.
There are omissions by homoioteleuton in Philemon 2:20; 2 Thessalonians 3:4; 1 Timothy 1:9; 2 Timothy 4:11.
. Hermann von Soden classified it as part of the textual family Family K1
. According to Soden this group represents the oldest form of the Byzantine text, descends from the 4th century and was a result of Lucian
's recension.
Kurt Aland
the Greek text of the codex placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual group Kx
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made. It creates a textual cluster with Codex Athous Dionysiou
.
It lacks the text of Matthew 16:2b–3 (signs of the times).
It has some remarkable readings but they are very rare.
to the 11th century. Probably it was written in Constantinople
.
In 1864, the manuscript was in the possession of a dealer at Janina
in Epeiros. It was then purchased from him by a representative of Baroness Burdett-Coutts
(1814–1906), a philanthropist, along with other Greek manuscripts of the New Testament. They were transported to England in 1871. Part of the manuscript (Egerton 3145) was purchased by the British Museum, in 8 October 1938.
The manuscript was presented by Burdett-Coutts to Sir Roger Cholmely's School, and was housed at the Highgate (Burdett-Coutts II. 4), in London. Scrivener examined and collated its text. His collation was edited posthumously in 1893.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (603) and Gregory (699).
It was examined and described by S. T. Bloomfield
, Dean Burgon, Edward A. Guy. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1883. Herman C. Hoskier
collated text of the Apocalypse.
The manuscript is housed at the British Library
, in two collections. 302 leaves are housed in the Additional Manuscripts (28815) and 67 leaves are housed in collection Egerton (3145).
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 11th century. Some leaves of the manuscript were lost. Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
labelled it by 603e.
Description
The codex contains the text of the New TestamentNew Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
on 369 parchment leaves (size ), with some lacunae
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(Romans 16:19-27; 1 Cor 1:1-11; 2 Cor 10:9-13:13; Gal 1:1-12). Four leaves are unfoliated on paper. The order of books is usual for the Greek manuscripts: Gospels, Acts, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles (Hebrews before 1 Timothy), Apocalypse.
The text is written in one column per page, 30 lines per page. The text of Matthew 23:1-20 was supplied by a later hand. The headpieces in colour and gold, the large initials in colours and gold, at the beginning of books, small initials in red and gold.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the left margin; the (titles) are given at the top or bottom of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241, the last section in 16:20), but there are no references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the tables of the before each Gospel, lectionary markings in the margin, and subscriptions at the end, Synaxarion, and Menologion. It contains many brief scholia on the margin made by prima manu. At the end on three leaves are unfinished επιγραμμα of Pseudo-Dorotheus
Dorotheus of Tyre
Saint Dorotheus bishop of Tyre is traditionally credited with an Acts of the Seventy Apostles , who were sent out according to the Gospel of Luke 10:1....
, Bishop of Tyre, on the Seventy disciples
Seventy Disciples
The seventy disciples or seventy-two disciples were early followers of Jesus mentioned in the Gospel of Luke . According to Luke, the only gospel in which they appear, Jesus appointed them and sent them out in pairs on a specific mission which is detailed in the text...
and the 12 Apostles.
In the Pauline epistles occur iota adscript
Iota adscript
In Greek polytonic orthography, the iota adscript is a iota written after a long vowel in a long diphthong, as opposed to below the vowel as a small vertical stroke ....
um, and N ephelkystikon always with verbs (except Hebrews 1:14; 12:8.11) is frequent; errors of itacismus
Iotacism
Iotacism is the process by which a number of vowels and diphthongs in Ancient Greek converged in pronunciation so that they all sound like iota in Modern Greek....
occur 49 times: αι (for ε) 5; ε (for αι) 2; ι (for ει) 5; ει (for ι) 8; ει (for η) 5; η (for ει) 3; ω (for ο) 6; ο (for ω) 9; ι (for η) 2; η (for ι) 3; ε (for η) 1; υ (for οι) 1.
There are omissions by homoioteleuton in Philemon 2:20; 2 Thessalonians 3:4; 1 Timothy 1:9; 2 Timothy 4:11.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it as part of the textual family Family K1
Family K1
Family K1 is a small group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It has five uncials, and several early minuscules. It is one of the smallest subfamilies of the Byzantine text-type, but one of the oldest.- Description...
. According to Soden this group represents the oldest form of the Byzantine text, descends from the 4th century and was a result of Lucian
Lucian of Antioch
Saint Lucian of Antioch , known as Lucian the Martyr, was a Christian presbyter, theologian and martyr. He was noted for both his scholarship and ascetic piety.-History:...
's recension.
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
the Greek text of the codex placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual group Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made. It creates a textual cluster with Codex Athous Dionysiou
Codex Athous Dionysiou
Codex Athous Dionysiou, designated by Ω or 045 , ε 61 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament...
.
It lacks the text of Matthew 16:2b–3 (signs of the times).
It has some remarkable readings but they are very rare.
History
Scrivener dated the manuscript to the 10th or 11th century, Gregory dated the manuscript to the 11th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTFInstitute for New Testament Textual Research
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is an institute for the investigation of the text of the New Testament. The INTF was founded in Münster in 1959 by Professor Kurt Aland , the first director of the Institute...
to the 11th century. Probably it was written in Constantinople
Constantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
.
In 1864, the manuscript was in the possession of a dealer at Janina
Ioannina
Ioannina , often called Jannena within Greece, is the largest city of Epirus, north-western Greece, with a population of 70,203 . It lies at an elevation of approximately 500 meters above sea level, on the western shore of lake Pamvotis . It is located within the Ioannina municipality, and is the...
in Epeiros. It was then purchased from him by a representative of Baroness Burdett-Coutts
Angela Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts
Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts , born Angela Georgina Burdett, was a nineteenth-century philanthropist, the daughter of Sir Francis Burdett, 5th Baronet and the former Sophia Coutts, daughter of banker Thomas Coutts...
(1814–1906), a philanthropist, along with other Greek manuscripts of the New Testament. They were transported to England in 1871. Part of the manuscript (Egerton 3145) was purchased by the British Museum, in 8 October 1938.
The manuscript was presented by Burdett-Coutts to Sir Roger Cholmely's School, and was housed at the Highgate (Burdett-Coutts II. 4), in London. Scrivener examined and collated its text. His collation was edited posthumously in 1893.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (603) and Gregory (699).
It was examined and described by S. T. Bloomfield
Samuel Thomas Bloomfield
Samuel Thomas Bloomfield was an English clergyman and Biblical textual critic. His Greek New Testament was widely used, in England and the United States.-Life:His surname was also spelled Blomfield or Blumfield...
, Dean Burgon, Edward A. Guy. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1883. Herman C. Hoskier
Herman C. Hoskier
Herman Charles Hoskier , was a biblical scholar, British textual critic, and son of a merchant banker, Herman Hoskier .Hoskier, as textual critic, supported the Byzantine text-type against the Alexandrian text-type...
collated text of the Apocalypse.
The manuscript is housed at the British Library
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom, and is the world's largest library in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats,...
, in two collections. 302 leaves are housed in the Additional Manuscripts (28815) and 67 leaves are housed in collection Egerton (3145).
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- S. T. Bloomfield, Critical Annotations: Additional and Supplementary on the New Testament (1860).
- Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, Adversaria Critica Sacra: With a Short Explanatory Introduction (Cambridge, 1893), pp. LXXXIV–LXXXVI, 1–59. (as δ).
- Herman C. Hoskier, Concerning the Text of the Apocalypse (London 1929), vol. 1, p. 281. (for Apocalypse)
External links
- Egerton 3145 at the British Library