Minuscule 235
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 235 ε 456 (Soden), known as Codex Havniensis 2 is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on paper. It is dated by a colophon
to the year 1314. The manuscript has complex contents. It has marginalia
.
s, on 280 paper leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 23 lines per page (size of column 15.2 by 9.5 cm), the capital letters in red.
The initials at the beginning of Matthew and Mark are the same as in Lectionary 6
.
The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections
, whose numbers are given at the margin. It contains tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin, and incipits. The words are often ill divided and the stops misplaced (as in minuscule 80
).
. Aland
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
in Luke 10 and Luke 20. In Luke 1 it has mixed Byzantine text.
The text often agrees with D, K, 33, Philoxenian Syriac. Hermann von Soden
lists it as Is (along with codices 157
, 245
, 291
, 713
, 1012).
(1878). C. R. Gregory saw it in 1878 and in 1891.
It is currently housed at the Det Kongelige Bibliotek (GkS 1323, 4) at Copenhagen
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on paper. It is dated by a colophon
Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon is either:* A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the edition, in modern books usually located at the reverse of the title page, but can also sometimes be located at the end of the book, or...
to the year 1314. The manuscript has complex contents. It has marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains a complete text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s, on 280 paper leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 23 lines per page (size of column 15.2 by 9.5 cm), the capital letters in red.
The initials at the beginning of Matthew and Mark are the same as in Lectionary 6
Lectionary 6
Lectionary 6, designated by siglum ℓ 6 . It is a Greek-Arabic diglot manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves, dated by a colophon to the year 1265.- Description :...
.
The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
, whose numbers are given at the margin. It contains tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin, and incipits. The words are often ill divided and the stops misplaced (as in minuscule 80
Minuscule 80
Minuscule 80 , ε 281 , known as Cod. T. G. Graevii, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents...
).
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 10 and Luke 20. In Luke 1 it has mixed Byzantine text.
The text often agrees with D, K, 33, Philoxenian Syriac. Hermann von Soden
Hermann, Freiherr von Soden
Baron Hermann von Soden , German biblical scholar, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on August 16, 1852, and was educated at the University of Tübingen. He was minister of Dresden-Striesen in 1881 and in 1887 became minister of the Jerusalem Church in Berlin...
lists it as Is (along with codices 157
Minuscule 157
Minuscule 157 , ε 207 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum. According to the colophon it is dated to the year 1122. Formerly date was wrongly deciphered as 1128?...
, 245
Minuscule 245
Minuscule 245 , ε 1226 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1199. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 291
Minuscule 291
Minuscule 291 , ε 377 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents. It has marginalia....
, 713
Minuscule 713
Minuscule 713 , ε351 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose...
, 1012).
History
The manuscript was written by the hand of Philothens, a monk. It was bought at Venice by Friedrich Rostgaard in 1699. It was examined by C. G. Hensler (1784) and Charles GrauxCharles Graux
Charles Alexandre Louis Graux was a Belgian lawyer, professor at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles, an authority on stichometry and liberal politician....
(1878). C. R. Gregory saw it in 1878 and in 1891.
It is currently housed at the Det Kongelige Bibliotek (GkS 1323, 4) at Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Charles Graux, Notices sommaires des manuscritti grecs de la grande bibliolheque royale de Copenhague, Paris 1879.
External links
- Minuscule 235 at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism