Minuscule 12 A¹³⁷ (Von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript

Manuscript

A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...

 of the New Testament

New Testament

The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....

, on parchment, dated palaeographically

Palaeography

Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...

 to the 14th century.

Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospel

Gospel

A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...

s, on 294 parchment leaves , with a commentaries. The text is written in one column per page, biblical text in 21 lines and text of commentary in 57 lines per page.

The text is divided according to the (chapters) whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections, with references to the Eusebian Canons.

It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum

Epistula ad Carpianum

The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....

, Eusebian Canon tables, prolegomena, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, Menologion, synaxaria

Synaxarium

Synaxarion, Synexarion, pl. Synaxaria —Latin: Synaxarium, Synexarium—the name given in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches to a compilation of hagiographies corresponding roughly to the martyrology of the Roman Church.There are two kinds of synaxaria:*Simple...

, and subscriptions at the end of the Gospels.

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type

Byzantine text-type

The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...

, with a few alien readings. Aland

Kurt Aland

Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...

 placed it in Category V.

It was not examined by using the Claremont Profile Method.

The text of the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is omitted.

History

It was examined and described by Wettstein

Johann Jakob Wettstein

Johann Jakob Wettstein was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.-Youth and study:...

, Griesbach

Johann Jakob Griesbach

Johann Jakob Griesbach , German biblical textual critic, was born at Butzbach, a small town in the state of Hesse, where his father, Konrad Kaspar , was pastor...

, and Paulin Martin

Paulin Martin

Paulin Martin was a French Catholic Biblical scholar.-Life:...

. C. R. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885.

The codex now is located at the National Library of France (Gr. 230) at Paris

Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

.