Mindanao Bleeding-heart
Encyclopedia
The Mindanao Bleeding-heart (Gallicolumba crinigera) is a species of bird
in the pigeon and dove family
(Columbidae). It is endemic to the Philippines
. It is so named because of a red blotch on its breast.
Its natural habitat
is tropical moist lowland forest
s. It is threatened by habitat loss and overhunting. It occurs (or did occur) on Samar
, Leyte
, Bohol
, Dinagat
, Mindanao and Basilan, but the only records since the 1980s are from Mindanao, Bohol and Samar. The Basilan subspecies
, Gallicolumba crinigera bartletti, apparently became extinct by the mid-20th century, but captives claimed as being of this subspecies still exist, among others in the San Diego Zoo
.
However, the subspecies Gallicolumba crinigera crinigera seems more common than previously believed; nonetheless, its status is not sufficiently known for a definite assessment. Initially listed as a species of Least Concern in 1988, it was subsequently uplisted to Vulnerable in 1994, and further to Endangered in 2000. With its exact rate of decline still unresolved, it is downlisted again to Vulnerable status in the 2007 IUCN Red List
.
Bird
Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...
in the pigeon and dove family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
(Columbidae). It is endemic to the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
. It is so named because of a red blotch on its breast.
Its natural habitat
Habitat
* Habitat , a place where a species lives and grows*Human habitat, a place where humans live, work or play** Space habitat, a space station intended as a permanent settlement...
is tropical moist lowland forest
Forest
A forest, also referred to as a wood or the woods, is an area with a high density of trees. As with cities, depending where you are in the world, what is considered a forest may vary significantly in size and have various classification according to how and what of the forest is composed...
s. It is threatened by habitat loss and overhunting. It occurs (or did occur) on Samar
Samar Island
Samar is an island in the Visayas, within the central Philippines. The island is divided into three provinces: Samar province, Northern Samar, and Eastern Samar. These three provinces, along with the provinces on the nearby islands of Leyte and Biliran are part of the Eastern Visayas region...
, Leyte
Leyte Island
Leyte is an island in the Visayas group of the Philippines.The island measures about 180 km north-south and about 65 km at its widest point. In the north it nearly joins Samar, separated by the San Juanico Strait, which becomes as narrow as 2 km in some places...
, Bohol
Bohol Island
Bohol Island is the main island of Bohol Province in the Visayas. It lies southeast from Cebu Island across Cebu Strait and southwest from Leyte Island, separated by the Camotes Sea and Canigao Channel...
, Dinagat
Dinagat Island
' is a province in the Philippines, located on the south side of Leyte Gulf. Leyte is to its west, across Surigao Strait, and Mindanao is to its south...
, Mindanao and Basilan, but the only records since the 1980s are from Mindanao, Bohol and Samar. The Basilan subspecies
Subspecies
Subspecies in biological classification, is either a taxonomic rank subordinate to species, ora taxonomic unit in that rank . A subspecies cannot be recognized in isolation: a species will either be recognized as having no subspecies at all or two or more, never just one...
, Gallicolumba crinigera bartletti, apparently became extinct by the mid-20th century, but captives claimed as being of this subspecies still exist, among others in the San Diego Zoo
San Diego Zoo
The San Diego Zoo in Balboa Park, San Diego, California, is one of the most progressive zoos in the world, with over 4,000 animals of more than 800 species...
.
However, the subspecies Gallicolumba crinigera crinigera seems more common than previously believed; nonetheless, its status is not sufficiently known for a definite assessment. Initially listed as a species of Least Concern in 1988, it was subsequently uplisted to Vulnerable in 1994, and further to Endangered in 2000. With its exact rate of decline still unresolved, it is downlisted again to Vulnerable status in the 2007 IUCN Red List
IUCN Red List
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species , founded in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species...
.