Medical college (India)
Encyclopedia
In India
, Medical College refers to an educational institution that provides medical education
. These institutions may vary from stand-alone colleges that train doctors to conglomerates that offer training related in all aspects of medical care. The term is synonymous with Medical School as used in the USA and some other countries.
. The Indian government keeps an updated list of these approved medical colleges.
degree must have completed a HSC
(10+2, or high school) with the Science stream, including the subjects Biology
, Chemistry
and Physics
with at least 50% marks.
Admission criteria differ from one part of the country to another and even from Institution to Institution. In general, admission is based on one of the following:
1. Marks obtained in the final examinations of Std. XII.
2. Donation based seats.
For post graduate courses, rank obtained in an entrance examination forms the basis for admission. Specific institutions may also require a personal interview of the candidate.
The Government of India
has allocated a number of seats for students from developing countries where facilities for medical education are either inadequate. The exact number and country-based allocation of these reserved seats may vary annually.
Students seeking admission to the reserved seats are required to apply through the Indian missions abroad or through the diplomatic missions of the respective countries in India. The Indian Embassy or High Commission in a country will be able to provide more information on request. The last date of submission of application is usually the 28th February of the corresponding year. An international student must have completed 12 years of schooling. International student
s studying in schools in India can apply pending the declaration of their Higher Secondary (10+2) or equivalent examination results. The marks sheet of the examination should be sent within 10 days from the declaration of the result to: Students Cell, Room No. 1009, Ministry of External Affairs
, Akbar Bhavan, New Delhi
. International students can seek university admission to undergraduate courses in Engineering, Medicine (MBBS) and Dentistry (BDS) in private colleges.
. Only institutions offering MBBS course in its curriculum are referred to as a Medical Colleges. The college may teach Post Graduate as well as Paramedical courses
The MBBS course starts with the basic pre-clinical subjects such as biochemistry
, physiology
, anatomy
, microbiology
, pathology
and pharmacology
. The students simultaneously obtain hands-on training in the wards and out-patient departments, where they interact with real patients. The curriculum aims to inculcate good habits of history taking and examination. The student is taught to arrive at a differential diagnosis and to determine what investigations will be useful in a particular case.
or Diploma
courses in their programmes. The awards conferred are Doctor of Medicine (MD)
, Master of Surgery (MS)
or Diplomate of National Board
(DNB)). The MD/ MS degrees are offered by the Universities affiliated to the Medical Council of India
and the DNB degree is awarded by the National Board of Examinations
, an independent autonomous body under the Ministry of Health, India
. They are available in different streams of medical science such as General medicine, General surgery
, Orthopaedics, Radiodiagnosis, Radiotherapy, ENT
, Ophthalmology
, Anaesthesia, Paediatrics, Community medicine, Pathology
, Microbiology
, Forensic medicine, Pharmacology
, Anatomy
, etc. Degree courses are of 3 years duration while diploma courses are of 2 years duration. Following post-graduation, students can opt for further sub-specialization in their area of interest by opting for courses called DM or DNB (Doctorate of Medicine), or MCh or DNB (Master of Chirurgery/ Surgery) again of 3 years duration.
An MD or a DNB (general medicine or paediatrics) is the basic requirement for specialization in Cardiology, Nephrology, Neonatology, Gastro-enterology, Neurology except for Clinical Hematology (Pathology or general medicine) etc while an MS or a DNB (general surgery, ENT or Orthopaedic surgery) is the basic requirement for Neurosurgery, Urology, Cardio-thoracic & Vascular Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Paediatric Surgery, Plastic Surgery, etc.
Family Medicine has now become an area of priority in India, and many teaching hospitals offer DNB (Family Medicine).
Post-doctoral fellowship courses in Neuro-radiology, Neuro or Cardiac anesthesiology, etc are offered by select institutions.
and many more.
Professionals holding MBBS Degrees are referred to by the title of "Doctor" and use the prefix "Dr".
, Physiology
and Biochemistry
,and these are the basic subjects of medical students and it lasts for a year. Prior to 1997 the I MBBS consisted of 1½ years, but this was trimmed to make more time available for clinical exposure. Passing the I MBBS final examination is mandatory to proceed with the course. A candidate failing the first MBBS examination is detained until all the 1st MBBS subjects are cleared. This is considered a major drawback of the Indian medical education system.In many universities if one does not clear a subject that student will get into an intermediate batch. It is a severe drawback. Morning session usually consist of an Anatomy lecture followed by dissection, except for one day when a class in biostatistics may be taken. Afternoon sessions consist of a theory class followed by laboratory work in Physiology or Biochemistry or it may be histology branch of anatomy.
, Pharmacology
, Microbiology
, and Forensic Medicine for one and half years. After clearing all the 4 subjects a student advances to III MBBS. The lecture classes and lab work of these subjects are usually held in the afternoons to enable students to attend the clinical wards and out patient departments in the mornings. These are followed by Short postings (15days duration) in Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Forensic medicine, Skin & Leprosy,& Respiratory medicine & TB. This may be followed directly by major postings or a clinical posting in Community Medicine may intervene.
and Ophthalmology
form the core subjects.
) is given only after successful and satisfactory completion of the Compulsory Rotatory Resident Internship, also called the CRRI.
or in any other approved hospital allowed in some medical colleges, for a period of one year. This posting is called the Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship
or the House Surgeon in Tamil Nadu. The student gets the degree only after satisfactory completion of the CRRI. An Intern
(also called an Internee or a CRRI) is posted in all the clinical departments of the hospital on a rotation basis. This gives him the basic clinical and practical knowledge about all the disciplines of medicine and makes the medical graduate fit to work in the community as a General Physician.The schedules of an intern is usually extremely exhaustive. For example one may have to work for whole night and then again start the next day duty only after 1 to 2 hour which would last till afternoon.24 hour sleepless duty at a stretch is not uncommon and sometimes the scheduled breaks are also not allowed by the superiors. He/ she is also paid a monthly stipend for his work in the hospital which differs in different medical colleges on the basis of the management. The person is licenced to practice medicine only after completion of this internship. And only after finishing internship, one can receive his MBBS degree and can pursue postgraduate studies.
The Intern
ship is different from House Officership (which may follow Internship), as understood in UK and other countries. The latter is not a compulsory tenure. The House Physician or House Surgeon unlike an Intern, works in a particular department of his or her choice and is paid a monthly 'salary' for his work in the hospital (especially, in the UK). The American counterpart is simply called a "Resident" (i.e., a Resident Physician or a Resident Surgeon).
But in India nevertheless, the Internship or the House Surgeoncy or the House Officership - all are considered to be one-&-the-same. Besides, there is no such term as a "House Physician". This is because, in India, the Doctor who is undergoing higher specialty training following Internship is called a "Post-Graduate student" (i.e., a Medicine PG student or a Surgery PG student).
. A number of newspapers and magazines have conducted surveys in the past, ranking the various colleges on the basis of their facilities, patient load, placements achieved by their alumni and so on. While a number of institutions that are controlled or aided by the Central/ State governments have achieved a sort of Ivy League status (in India), a few privately run institutions also find mention in most of these lists.
Leading Newsweekly Outlook had published ranking of Medical Colleges with the help of MDRA (Marketing & Development Research Associates) in June 2010 which is as follows:
India Today released their ranking of Medical Colleges for the year 2008 http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=8684&issueid=69, which is as follows:
For Top 25 ranking and scores please click on the link above.
As per the Doctor NDTV Survey (2007), the ranking of the Medical Colleges in India is as follows (though other surveys may give other ranks):
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, Medical College refers to an educational institution that provides medical education
Medical education
Medical education is education related to the practice of being a medical practitioner, either the initial training to become a doctor or additional training thereafter ....
. These institutions may vary from stand-alone colleges that train doctors to conglomerates that offer training related in all aspects of medical care. The term is synonymous with Medical School as used in the USA and some other countries.
Recognition
Indian law requires these type of institutions to be recognized by the Medical Council of IndiaMedical Council of India
The Medical Council of India was the statutory body for maintenance of uniform and high standards of medical education in India. The Council grants recognition of medical qualifications, gives accreditation to medical colleges, grants registration to medical practitioners, and monitors medical...
. The Indian government keeps an updated list of these approved medical colleges.
Undergraduate courses
Prospective students for an undergraduate course leading towards a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS)Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery
Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, or in Latin Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae , are the two first professional degrees awarded upon graduation from medical school in medicine and surgery by universities in various countries...
degree must have completed a HSC
Higher Secondary (School) Certificate
The Higher Secondary Certificate, also known as HSC, is a public examination taken by students in Bangladesh, Pakistan and in the states of Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Maharashtra and Goa in India after successfully completing at least twelve years of schooling, that is two years...
(10+2, or high school) with the Science stream, including the subjects Biology
Biology
Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. Biology is a vast subject containing many subdivisions, topics, and disciplines...
, Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....
and Physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
with at least 50% marks.
Graduate courses
An MBBS degree with registration by the Medical Council of India is the basic requirement for all graduate courses in the field of medicine and surgery. In India, these courses are often referred to as Post-graduate courses as the MBBS confers "graduate" status. In India, students substitute the four year degree customary in the US, (aka the Bachelors degree) with two years of high school coursework (grades 11-12) and immediately start at medical school.Admission process
In India, there is a competition to qualify for an MBBS seat. Around 1 Million candidates compete for 2000 MBBS seats.Admission criteria differ from one part of the country to another and even from Institution to Institution. In general, admission is based on one of the following:
1. Marks obtained in the final examinations of Std. XII.
2. Donation based seats.
For post graduate courses, rank obtained in an entrance examination forms the basis for admission. Specific institutions may also require a personal interview of the candidate.
The Government of India
Government of India
The Government of India, officially known as the Union Government, and also known as the Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of the union of 28 states and seven union territories, collectively called the Republic of India...
has allocated a number of seats for students from developing countries where facilities for medical education are either inadequate. The exact number and country-based allocation of these reserved seats may vary annually.
Students seeking admission to the reserved seats are required to apply through the Indian missions abroad or through the diplomatic missions of the respective countries in India. The Indian Embassy or High Commission in a country will be able to provide more information on request. The last date of submission of application is usually the 28th February of the corresponding year. An international student must have completed 12 years of schooling. International student
International student
According to Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development , international students are those who travel to a country different from their own for the purpose of tertiary study. Despite that, the definition of international students varies in each country in accordance to their own national...
s studying in schools in India can apply pending the declaration of their Higher Secondary (10+2) or equivalent examination results. The marks sheet of the examination should be sent within 10 days from the declaration of the result to: Students Cell, Room No. 1009, Ministry of External Affairs
Ministry of External Affairs
Ministry of External Affairs may refer to:* Ministry of External Affairs * Ministry of External Affairs * Ministry of External Affairs * Ministry of External Affairs and Defence...
, Akbar Bhavan, New Delhi
New Delhi
New Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...
. International students can seek university admission to undergraduate courses in Engineering, Medicine (MBBS) and Dentistry (BDS) in private colleges.
Courses offered
A Medical College offers the basic undergraduate course MBBSBachelor of Medicine and Surgery
Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, or in Latin Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae , are the two first professional degrees awarded upon graduation from medical school in medicine and surgery by universities in various countries...
. Only institutions offering MBBS course in its curriculum are referred to as a Medical Colleges. The college may teach Post Graduate as well as Paramedical courses
The MBBS course starts with the basic pre-clinical subjects such as biochemistry
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes in living organisms, including, but not limited to, living matter. Biochemistry governs all living organisms and living processes...
, physiology
Physiology
Physiology is the science of the function of living systems. This includes how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and bio-molecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. The highest honor awarded in physiology is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or...
, anatomy
Anatomy
Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy , and plant anatomy...
, microbiology
Microbiology
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are defined as any microscopic organism that comprises either a single cell , cell clusters or no cell at all . This includes eukaryotes, such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes...
, pathology
Pathology
Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease. The word pathology is from Ancient Greek , pathos, "feeling, suffering"; and , -logia, "the study of". Pathologization, to pathologize, refers to the process of defining a condition or behavior as pathological, e.g. pathological gambling....
and pharmacology
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function...
. The students simultaneously obtain hands-on training in the wards and out-patient departments, where they interact with real patients. The curriculum aims to inculcate good habits of history taking and examination. The student is taught to arrive at a differential diagnosis and to determine what investigations will be useful in a particular case.
Postgraduate courses
All the major colleges also have Postgraduate DegreeAcademic degree
An academic degree is a position and title within a college or university that is usually awarded in recognition of the recipient having either satisfactorily completed a prescribed course of study or having conducted a scholarly endeavour deemed worthy of his or her admission to the degree...
or Diploma
Diploma
A diploma is a certificate or deed issued by an educational institution, such as a university, that testifies that the recipient has successfully completed a particular course of study or confers an academic degree. In countries such as the United Kingdom and Australia, the word diploma refers to...
courses in their programmes. The awards conferred are Doctor of Medicine (MD)
Doctor of Medicine
Doctor of Medicine is a doctoral degree for physicians. The degree is granted by medical schools...
, Master of Surgery (MS)
Master of Surgery
The Master of Surgery is an advanced qualification in surgery. It is most commonly abbreviated Ch.M. or M.S., as well as M.Ch. and M.Chir. from its Latin name, Magister Chirurgiae or the English form of Master of Surgery....
or Diplomate of National Board
Diplomate of National Board
Diplomate of National Board is the title awarded by the National Board of Examinations , an autonomous body of very high academic standing under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India to candidates who successfully complete their postgraduate or postdoctoral medical...
(DNB)). The MD/ MS degrees are offered by the Universities affiliated to the Medical Council of India
Medical Council of India
The Medical Council of India was the statutory body for maintenance of uniform and high standards of medical education in India. The Council grants recognition of medical qualifications, gives accreditation to medical colleges, grants registration to medical practitioners, and monitors medical...
and the DNB degree is awarded by the National Board of Examinations
National Board of Examinations
National Board of Examinations is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Health, Government of India, and established in 1975 at New Delhi to standardizing postgraduate medical education and examination in India.-Overview:...
, an independent autonomous body under the Ministry of Health, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. They are available in different streams of medical science such as General medicine, General surgery
General surgery
General surgery, despite its name, is a surgical specialty that focuses on abdominal organs, e.g., intestines including esophagus, stomach, small bowel, colon, liver, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland . They also deal with diseases involving the skin, breast, soft...
, Orthopaedics, Radiodiagnosis, Radiotherapy, ENT
Otolaryngology
Otolaryngology or ENT is the branch of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders....
, Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. An ophthalmologist is a specialist in medical and surgical eye problems...
, Anaesthesia, Paediatrics, Community medicine, Pathology
Pathology
Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease. The word pathology is from Ancient Greek , pathos, "feeling, suffering"; and , -logia, "the study of". Pathologization, to pathologize, refers to the process of defining a condition or behavior as pathological, e.g. pathological gambling....
, Microbiology
Microbiology
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are defined as any microscopic organism that comprises either a single cell , cell clusters or no cell at all . This includes eukaryotes, such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes...
, Forensic medicine, Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function...
, Anatomy
Anatomy
Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy , and plant anatomy...
, etc. Degree courses are of 3 years duration while diploma courses are of 2 years duration. Following post-graduation, students can opt for further sub-specialization in their area of interest by opting for courses called DM or DNB (Doctorate of Medicine), or MCh or DNB (Master of Chirurgery/ Surgery) again of 3 years duration.
An MD or a DNB (general medicine or paediatrics) is the basic requirement for specialization in Cardiology, Nephrology, Neonatology, Gastro-enterology, Neurology except for Clinical Hematology (Pathology or general medicine) etc while an MS or a DNB (general surgery, ENT or Orthopaedic surgery) is the basic requirement for Neurosurgery, Urology, Cardio-thoracic & Vascular Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Paediatric Surgery, Plastic Surgery, etc.
Family Medicine has now become an area of priority in India, and many teaching hospitals offer DNB (Family Medicine).
Post-doctoral fellowship courses in Neuro-radiology, Neuro or Cardiac anesthesiology, etc are offered by select institutions.
Other Health Care courses in India
They include- B.A.M.S , Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine & surgery
- B.Sc, M.Sc Nursing
- B.Sc Medical Lab Technology
- B.Pharm, M.Pharm. Ph.d
- B.P.T, M.P.T, Ph.D (Physiotherapy)
- [B.D.S], M.D.S [(Dental Surgery)]
- [B.O.T] [Occupational Therapy]
- B.Sc. [Speech Therapy]
and many more.
MBBS
Career prospects for a MBBS Graduate are very bright. A MBBS graduate typically starts with Jobs having an approximate remuneration of USD 75,000 per year.Professionals holding MBBS Degrees are referred to by the title of "Doctor" and use the prefix "Dr".
I (First) MBBS
The pre-clinical course consists of AnatomyAnatomy
Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy , and plant anatomy...
, Physiology
Physiology
Physiology is the science of the function of living systems. This includes how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and bio-molecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. The highest honor awarded in physiology is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or...
and Biochemistry
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes in living organisms, including, but not limited to, living matter. Biochemistry governs all living organisms and living processes...
,and these are the basic subjects of medical students and it lasts for a year. Prior to 1997 the I MBBS consisted of 1½ years, but this was trimmed to make more time available for clinical exposure. Passing the I MBBS final examination is mandatory to proceed with the course. A candidate failing the first MBBS examination is detained until all the 1st MBBS subjects are cleared. This is considered a major drawback of the Indian medical education system.In many universities if one does not clear a subject that student will get into an intermediate batch. It is a severe drawback. Morning session usually consist of an Anatomy lecture followed by dissection, except for one day when a class in biostatistics may be taken. Afternoon sessions consist of a theory class followed by laboratory work in Physiology or Biochemistry or it may be histology branch of anatomy.
II (Second) MBBS
PathologyPathology
Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease. The word pathology is from Ancient Greek , pathos, "feeling, suffering"; and , -logia, "the study of". Pathologization, to pathologize, refers to the process of defining a condition or behavior as pathological, e.g. pathological gambling....
, Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function...
, Microbiology
Microbiology
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are defined as any microscopic organism that comprises either a single cell , cell clusters or no cell at all . This includes eukaryotes, such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes...
, and Forensic Medicine for one and half years. After clearing all the 4 subjects a student advances to III MBBS. The lecture classes and lab work of these subjects are usually held in the afternoons to enable students to attend the clinical wards and out patient departments in the mornings. These are followed by Short postings (15days duration) in Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Forensic medicine, Skin & Leprosy,& Respiratory medicine & TB. This may be followed directly by major postings or a clinical posting in Community Medicine may intervene.
III (Final) MBBS - Part I
Part I consists of one year, where Social and Preventive Medicine (Community Medicine), Ear Nose and ThroatOtolaryngology
Otolaryngology or ENT is the branch of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders....
and Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. An ophthalmologist is a specialist in medical and surgical eye problems...
form the core subjects.
III (Final) MBBS - Part II
One year of focused training in the four basic clinical subjects, namely: Medicine, Surgery (incl. Orthopaedics), Paediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynaecology. On passing the final MBBS examination, a candidate is awarded provisional registration by the MCI or the State medical council and can start the internship. Permanent registration (license to practice) and the final Medical degree (i.e., MBBSMBBS
MBBS was a popular BBS system in the Nordic countries during the mid-1990s. It was created by a team of Oslo-based enthusiasts, led by Mike Robertson. As many BBS systems of that era, it was only available for the DOS platform. Since one process could only handle one node, multitaskers such as...
) is given only after successful and satisfactory completion of the Compulsory Rotatory Resident Internship, also called the CRRI.
Internship
After successful completion of the MBBS course, one has to compulsorily work in the hospital attached to the medical collegeMedical college
A Medical College is a trade association that brings together practitioners of a particular geographical area . In common law countries often are grouped by medical specialties ....
or in any other approved hospital allowed in some medical colleges, for a period of one year. This posting is called the Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship
Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship
Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship refers to one-year compulsory work in the hospital attached to the medical college or in any other approved hospital as allowed in some medical colleges, for a period of one year...
or the House Surgeon in Tamil Nadu. The student gets the degree only after satisfactory completion of the CRRI. An Intern
Intern
Internship is a system of onthejob training for white-collar jobs, similar to an apprenticeship. Interns are usually college or university students, but they can also be high school students or post graduate adults seeking skills for a new career. They may also be as young as middle school or in...
(also called an Internee or a CRRI) is posted in all the clinical departments of the hospital on a rotation basis. This gives him the basic clinical and practical knowledge about all the disciplines of medicine and makes the medical graduate fit to work in the community as a General Physician.The schedules of an intern is usually extremely exhaustive. For example one may have to work for whole night and then again start the next day duty only after 1 to 2 hour which would last till afternoon.24 hour sleepless duty at a stretch is not uncommon and sometimes the scheduled breaks are also not allowed by the superiors. He/ she is also paid a monthly stipend for his work in the hospital which differs in different medical colleges on the basis of the management. The person is licenced to practice medicine only after completion of this internship. And only after finishing internship, one can receive his MBBS degree and can pursue postgraduate studies.
The Intern
Intern
Internship is a system of onthejob training for white-collar jobs, similar to an apprenticeship. Interns are usually college or university students, but they can also be high school students or post graduate adults seeking skills for a new career. They may also be as young as middle school or in...
ship is different from House Officership (which may follow Internship), as understood in UK and other countries. The latter is not a compulsory tenure. The House Physician or House Surgeon unlike an Intern, works in a particular department of his or her choice and is paid a monthly 'salary' for his work in the hospital (especially, in the UK). The American counterpart is simply called a "Resident" (i.e., a Resident Physician or a Resident Surgeon).
But in India nevertheless, the Internship or the House Surgeoncy or the House Officership - all are considered to be one-&-the-same. Besides, there is no such term as a "House Physician". This is because, in India, the Doctor who is undergoing higher specialty training following Internship is called a "Post-Graduate student" (i.e., a Medicine PG student or a Surgery PG student).
Responsibility of an intern
The Interns are entrusted with clinical responsibilities under the supervision of a Medical teacher or a Resident/ PG student/ Senior medical officer. They do not work independently. Interns are not supposed to issue medical certificates, death certificates or medico-legal documents under their own signatures.Postgraduate courses
| Subject | Degree | Diploma |
|---|---|---|
| Anaesthesia | M.D. Doctor of Medicine Doctor of Medicine is a doctoral degree for physicians. The degree is granted by medical schools... /DNB DNB DNB is short for:* De Nederlandsche Bank, the Dutch central bank* Den norske Bank, a Norwegian bank * Departure from nucleate boiling in boiling heat transfer* Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, the German national library... |
DA |
| Anatomy: | MD/DNB | Not Applicable |
| Biochemistry | MD/DNB | Not Applicable |
| Community Medicine | MD/DNB | Not Applicable |
| Dermatology | MD/DNB | DDVL/DVD |
| ENT | MS/DNB | DLO |
| Family Medicine | MD/DNB | Not applicable |
| Forensic Medicine | MS/DNB | DFM |
| General Medicine | MD/DNB | Not applicable |
| General Surgery | MS/DNB | Not applicable |
| Microbiology | MD/DNB | Not applicable |
| Orthopaedics | MS/DNB | D Ortho |
| Ophthalmology | MS/DNB | DO/DOMS |
| Obs & Gynaecology | MS/DNB | DGO |
| Pathology | MD/DNB | DCP |
| Pharmacology | MD/DNB | Not applicable |
| Physiology | MD/DNB | Not applicable |
| Paediatrics | MD/DNB | DCH |
| Psychiatry | MD/DNB | DPM |
| Pulmonology | MD/DNB | DTCD |
| Radiodiagnosis | MD/DNB | DMRD |
| Radiotherapy | MD/DNB | DMRT |
Ranking of medical colleges
There is no centralized system of ranking medical colleges in the country, that is approved by either the central government or the Medical Council of IndiaMedical Council of India
The Medical Council of India was the statutory body for maintenance of uniform and high standards of medical education in India. The Council grants recognition of medical qualifications, gives accreditation to medical colleges, grants registration to medical practitioners, and monitors medical...
. A number of newspapers and magazines have conducted surveys in the past, ranking the various colleges on the basis of their facilities, patient load, placements achieved by their alumni and so on. While a number of institutions that are controlled or aided by the Central/ State governments have achieved a sort of Ivy League status (in India), a few privately run institutions also find mention in most of these lists.
Leading Newsweekly Outlook had published ranking of Medical Colleges with the help of MDRA (Marketing & Development Research Associates) in June 2010 which is as follows:
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi
- Armed Forces Medical College, (AFMC), Pune
- Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry
- St. John's Medical College , Bangalore
- Maulana Azad Medical College, (MAMC), Delhi
- Chhatrapati Sahuji Maharaj Med Univ , Lucknow
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
- Grant Medical College, Mumbai
- Madras Medical College, (MMC), Chennai
India Today released their ranking of Medical Colleges for the year 2008 http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=8684&issueid=69, which is as follows:
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi
- Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore
- Armed Forces Medical College, (AFMC), Pune
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry
- Maulana Azad Medical College, (MAMC), Delhi
- King Georges Medical College,Lucknow
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
- Madras Medical College, (MMC), Chennai
- Seth GS Medical College, Mumbai
- Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi
For Top 25 ranking and scores please click on the link above.
As per the Doctor NDTV Survey (2007), the ranking of the Medical Colleges in India is as follows (though other surveys may give other ranks):
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMSAll India Institute of Medical SciencesAll India Institute of Medical Sciences is a premier medical college and teaching hospital based in New Delhi, India. The Institute operates autonomously under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare ....
), New Delhi (Central Govt.) - Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore (Pvt.)
- Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC)Armed Forces Medical College, PuneThe Armed Forces Medical College is a premier medical college in India.It is among the top 3 medical colleges in the country. It is located in Pune Cantonment in Pune in the state of Maharashtra. The college is managed by the Indian Armed Forces....
, Pune (Ministry of Defence) - Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry (Central Govt.)
- Madras Medical CollegeMadras Medical CollegeThe Madras Medical College is an educational institution located in Chennai, India. It was established on February 2, 1835. It is the oldest medical college in India, along with the Medical College Kolkata.-History:...
(MMC), Chennai (State Govt.) - St. John's Medical CollegeSt. John's Medical CollegeSt. John's Medical College is one of India's premier medical institutions. It is part of the St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences run by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of India. It was established in 1963 and is situated in Bangalore, India....
, Bangalore (Pvt.) - Kasturba Medical College, Manipal (Pvt.)
- Maulana Azad Medical CollegeMaulana Azad Medical CollegeThe Maulana Azad Medical College is a government medical college in Delhi affiliated to University of Delhi. It is named after Indian freedom fighter and first education minister of independent India Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. It is located at Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi...
(MAMC), Delhi (State Govt.) - Stanley Medical CollegeStanley Medical CollegeStanley Medical College is a government medical college with hospitals, located in Chennai in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Though the original hospital is more than 200 years old, the medical college was formally established on July 2, 1938...
, Chennai (State Govt.) - Grant Medical College, Mumbai
See also
- Medical college in India
- Madras Medical CollegeMadras Medical CollegeThe Madras Medical College is an educational institution located in Chennai, India. It was established on February 2, 1835. It is the oldest medical college in India, along with the Medical College Kolkata.-History:...
- Government Medical College, Trivandrum
- Armed Forces Medical College, PuneArmed Forces Medical College, PuneThe Armed Forces Medical College is a premier medical college in India.It is among the top 3 medical colleges in the country. It is located in Pune Cantonment in Pune in the state of Maharashtra. The college is managed by the Indian Armed Forces....
- Christian Medical College, Vellore
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research
- IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital
- Seth GS Medical College
- Madurai Medical CollegeMadurai Medical CollegeMadurai Medical College is a medical school attached to the Government Rajaji Hospital in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. The hospital provides tertiary care to more than twenty million people in the southern part of Tamil Nadu. The hospital was established in 1842 and became a teaching hospital in 1954...
- Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute
- SRMCSri Ramachandra Medical College and Research InstituteSri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute , now named Sri Ramachandra University , is a deemed university declared under Section 3 of the UGC at 1956, in Porur, Chennai, India...
- Stanley Medical CollegeStanley Medical CollegeStanley Medical College is a government medical college with hospitals, located in Chennai in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Though the original hospital is more than 200 years old, the medical college was formally established on July 2, 1938...
External links
- Medical Colleges approved by the Indian government