Media in the Netherlands
Encyclopedia
The media
in the Netherlands
– television
, radio
, newspaper
s, magazine
s – are characterized by a tradition of "pillarization" on the one hand and an increasing degree of commercialization
on the other.
s themselves have remained active. Most have several tens of thousands of members, and they are allocated broadcasting time on the public channels in proportion to the size of their memberships. In addition, a number of other broadcasting foundation
s, established by the government, receive air time.
The system is financed from three sources:
The broadcasting associations share three national television channels (Nederland 1
, Nederland 2
, Nederland 3
) and five radio channels (Radio 1, Radio 2, 3FM
, Radio 4, Radio 5). Each of these television channels have their own profile: thus Nederland 1 is oriented towards news, sport, and family programming, Nederland 2 towards culture, arts, politics, and religion, while Nederland 3 concentrates on youth and progressive programming.
There are also several provincial television channels, which are organized by the provinces
The media
in the Netherlands
– television
, radio
, newspaper
s, magazine
s – are characterized by a tradition of "pillarization" on the one hand and an increasing degree of commercialization
on the other.
s themselves have remained active. Most have several tens of thousands of members, and they are allocated broadcasting time on the public channels in proportion to the size of their memberships. In addition, a number of other broadcasting foundation
s, established by the government, receive air time.
The system is financed from three sources:
The broadcasting associations share three national television channels (Nederland 1
, Nederland 2
, Nederland 3
) and five radio channels (Radio 1, Radio 2, 3FM
, Radio 4, Radio 5). Each of these television channels have their own profile: thus Nederland 1 is oriented towards news, sport, and family programming, Nederland 2 towards culture, arts, politics, and religion, while Nederland 3 concentrates on youth and progressive programming.
There are also several provincial television channels, which are organized by the provinces
The media
in the Netherlands
– television
, radio
, newspaper
s, magazine
s – are characterized by a tradition of "pillarization" on the one hand and an increasing degree of commercialization
on the other.
s themselves have remained active. Most have several tens of thousands of members, and they are allocated broadcasting time on the public channels in proportion to the size of their memberships. In addition, a number of other broadcasting foundation
s, established by the government, receive air time.
The system is financed from three sources:
The broadcasting associations share three national television channels (Nederland 1
, Nederland 2
, Nederland 3
) and five radio channels (Radio 1, Radio 2, 3FM
, Radio 4, Radio 5). Each of these television channels have their own profile: thus Nederland 1 is oriented towards news, sport, and family programming, Nederland 2 towards culture, arts, politics, and religion, while Nederland 3 concentrates on youth and progressive programming.
There are also several provincial television channels, which are organized by the provinces
was banned until the late 1980s. In the 1970s, before they were allowed to join the public television system, Veronica
and TROS
had broadcast as off-shore pirate stations. In the 1980s the RTL Group
started broadcasting from Luxembourg
. In 1988 commercial broadcasting was legalized. Currently there are seven larger channels owned by two companies. RTL owns RTL 4
, RTL 5
, RTL 7 and RTL 8
, while the finish publisher Sanoma and dutch television production company Talpa (formally SBS Broadcasting Group
and ProSiebenSat.1 Media
) own SBS 6, NET 5
and Veronica
. There are also other networks present, offering speciality channels. Among them are Discovery Communications
, MTV Networks Europe
and Time Warner Inc.
All newspapers are privately owned. They were historically linked to the pillarization system, with some titles having strong links to labour unions or political parties
. These ties have all been severed now. Two companies play a large role: PCM Uitgevers
, which owns several newspapers; and De Telegraaf
, which owns De Telegraaf (the largest paper) and Sp!ts, a free newspaper.
The most important papers are the rightwing orientated De Telegraaf
, the progressive liberal NRC Handelsblad
, which also publishes nrc•next, the leftwing De Volkskrant
and the Protestant Trouw
.
Smaller Protestant communities have their own paper, like the Nederlands Dagblad
and the Reformatorisch Dagblad
. The business community has the Het Financieele Dagblad
. A recent phenomenon are the widely read free newspapers Spits and the Metro
. There are also several local and regional newspapers. The Algemeen Dagblad
, the third largest paper, recently merged with several local papers to form a hybrid national-local paper.
and De Groene Amsterdammer
and the more rightwing Elsevier
and HP/De Tijd
.
Ca. 70 Dutch magazine
s have been sold to and are now published by the Finnish
media group Sanoma. Apart from many typical Dutch ones like Margriet, Libelle and Nieuwe Revu these include a Disney
magazine named after Donald Duck
and the Dutch edition of Playboy
.
Mass media
Mass media refers collectively to all media technologies which are intended to reach a large audience via mass communication. Broadcast media transmit their information electronically and comprise of television, film and radio, movies, CDs, DVDs and some other gadgets like cameras or video consoles...
in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
– television
Television
Television is a telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images that can be monochrome or colored, with accompanying sound...
, radio
Radio
Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space...
, newspaper
Newspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...
s, magazine
Magazine
Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles. They are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three...
s – are characterized by a tradition of "pillarization" on the one hand and an increasing degree of commercialization
Commercialization
Commercialization is the process or cycle of introducing a new product or production method into the market. The actual launch of a new product is the final stage of new product development, and the one where the most money will have to be spent for advertising, sales promotion, and other marketing...
on the other.
Television and radio
Television and radio are provided by a system of public-broadcasting organizations (sharing three television and five radio networks) together with a number of commercial channels.Public-service broadcasting
The Netherlands Public Broadcasting arose from the former practice of pillarization, in which the country's various religious and social groups all organized their own institutions, with financial help from the government. These institutions included broadcasting. Although the system of pillarization largely collapsed in the 1970s, the broadcasting associationVoluntary association
A voluntary association or union is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement as volunteers to form a body to accomplish a purpose.Strictly speaking, in many jurisdictions no formalities are necessary to start an association...
s themselves have remained active. Most have several tens of thousands of members, and they are allocated broadcasting time on the public channels in proportion to the size of their memberships. In addition, a number of other broadcasting foundation
Foundation (charity)
A foundation is a legal categorization of nonprofit organizations that will typically either donate funds and support to other organizations, or provide the source of funding for its own charitable purposes....
s, established by the government, receive air time.
The system is financed from three sources:
- grant-in-aidGrant-in-aidA grant-in-aid is money coming from central government for a specific project. This kind of funding is usually used when the government and parliament have decided that the recipient should be publicly funded but operate with reasonable independence from the state.In the United Kingdom, most bodies...
payments from the government, raised from general taxation; - the income from on-air advertising, regulated by the Stichting Ether Reclame (STER), a public body;
- (a small proportion of the total) the dues paid by members of the broadcasting associations.
The broadcasting associations share three national television channels (Nederland 1
Nederland 1
Nederland 1 is the first national television station in the Netherlands, it was launched on 2 October 1951. It provides public broadcasting and currently exists next to sister channels Nederland 2 and 3. The several broadcasting organisations of the Publieke Omroep deliver programmes. A wide...
, Nederland 2
Nederland 2
Nederland 2 is a Dutch television channel, one of three alongside Nederland 1 and Nederland 3. It was established in October 1964 and tends to broadcast sports, light entertainment, news and current affairs programming....
, Nederland 3
Nederland 3
Nederland 3 is the third and youngest of the terrestrial television channels operated by the Dutch public-broadcasting organization NPO in the Netherlands and carries programs provided by member-based non-profit broadcasting associations. It is oriented towards children, youth and innovative...
) and five radio channels (Radio 1, Radio 2, 3FM
3FM
3FM is a Dutch radio station on the NPO which broadcasts popular music. It can be compared with BBC Radio 1.-History:3FM was created as Hilversum 3 by minister Maarten Vrolijk on 11 October 1965, to counterbalance the popular offshore station Radio Veronica...
, Radio 4, Radio 5). Each of these television channels have their own profile: thus Nederland 1 is oriented towards news, sport, and family programming, Nederland 2 towards culture, arts, politics, and religion, while Nederland 3 concentrates on youth and progressive programming.
There are also several provincial television channels, which are organized by the provinces
Provinces of the Netherlands
A Dutch province represents the administrative layer in between the national government and the local municipalities, having the responsibility for matters of subnational or regional importance. The government of each province consists of three major parts: the Provinciale Staten which is the...
The media
Mass media
Mass media refers collectively to all media technologies which are intended to reach a large audience via mass communication. Broadcast media transmit their information electronically and comprise of television, film and radio, movies, CDs, DVDs and some other gadgets like cameras or video consoles...
in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
– television
Television
Television is a telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images that can be monochrome or colored, with accompanying sound...
, radio
Radio
Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space...
, newspaper
Newspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...
s, magazine
Magazine
Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles. They are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three...
s – are characterized by a tradition of "pillarization" on the one hand and an increasing degree of commercialization
Commercialization
Commercialization is the process or cycle of introducing a new product or production method into the market. The actual launch of a new product is the final stage of new product development, and the one where the most money will have to be spent for advertising, sales promotion, and other marketing...
on the other.
Television and radio
Television and radio are provided by a system of public-broadcasting organizations (sharing three television and five radio networks) together with a number of commercial channels.Public-service broadcasting
The Netherlands Public Broadcasting arose from the former practice of pillarization, in which the country's various religious and social groups all organized their own institutions, with financial help from the government. These institutions included broadcasting. Although the system of pillarization largely collapsed in the 1970s, the broadcasting associationVoluntary association
A voluntary association or union is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement as volunteers to form a body to accomplish a purpose.Strictly speaking, in many jurisdictions no formalities are necessary to start an association...
s themselves have remained active. Most have several tens of thousands of members, and they are allocated broadcasting time on the public channels in proportion to the size of their memberships. In addition, a number of other broadcasting foundation
Foundation (charity)
A foundation is a legal categorization of nonprofit organizations that will typically either donate funds and support to other organizations, or provide the source of funding for its own charitable purposes....
s, established by the government, receive air time.
The system is financed from three sources:
- grant-in-aidGrant-in-aidA grant-in-aid is money coming from central government for a specific project. This kind of funding is usually used when the government and parliament have decided that the recipient should be publicly funded but operate with reasonable independence from the state.In the United Kingdom, most bodies...
payments from the government, raised from general taxation; - the income from on-air advertising, regulated by the Stichting Ether Reclame (STER), a public body;
- (a small proportion of the total) the dues paid by members of the broadcasting associations.
The broadcasting associations share three national television channels (Nederland 1
Nederland 1
Nederland 1 is the first national television station in the Netherlands, it was launched on 2 October 1951. It provides public broadcasting and currently exists next to sister channels Nederland 2 and 3. The several broadcasting organisations of the Publieke Omroep deliver programmes. A wide...
, Nederland 2
Nederland 2
Nederland 2 is a Dutch television channel, one of three alongside Nederland 1 and Nederland 3. It was established in October 1964 and tends to broadcast sports, light entertainment, news and current affairs programming....
, Nederland 3
Nederland 3
Nederland 3 is the third and youngest of the terrestrial television channels operated by the Dutch public-broadcasting organization NPO in the Netherlands and carries programs provided by member-based non-profit broadcasting associations. It is oriented towards children, youth and innovative...
) and five radio channels (Radio 1, Radio 2, 3FM
3FM
3FM is a Dutch radio station on the NPO which broadcasts popular music. It can be compared with BBC Radio 1.-History:3FM was created as Hilversum 3 by minister Maarten Vrolijk on 11 October 1965, to counterbalance the popular offshore station Radio Veronica...
, Radio 4, Radio 5). Each of these television channels have their own profile: thus Nederland 1 is oriented towards news, sport, and family programming, Nederland 2 towards culture, arts, politics, and religion, while Nederland 3 concentrates on youth and progressive programming.
There are also several provincial television channels, which are organized by the provinces
Provinces of the Netherlands
A Dutch province represents the administrative layer in between the national government and the local municipalities, having the responsibility for matters of subnational or regional importance. The government of each province consists of three major parts: the Provinciale Staten which is the...
The media
Mass media
Mass media refers collectively to all media technologies which are intended to reach a large audience via mass communication. Broadcast media transmit their information electronically and comprise of television, film and radio, movies, CDs, DVDs and some other gadgets like cameras or video consoles...
in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
– television
Television
Television is a telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images that can be monochrome or colored, with accompanying sound...
, radio
Radio
Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space...
, newspaper
Newspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...
s, magazine
Magazine
Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles. They are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three...
s – are characterized by a tradition of "pillarization" on the one hand and an increasing degree of commercialization
Commercialization
Commercialization is the process or cycle of introducing a new product or production method into the market. The actual launch of a new product is the final stage of new product development, and the one where the most money will have to be spent for advertising, sales promotion, and other marketing...
on the other.
Television and radio
Television and radio are provided by a system of public-broadcasting organizations (sharing three television and five radio networks) together with a number of commercial channels.Public-service broadcasting
The Netherlands Public Broadcasting arose from the former practice of pillarization, in which the country's various religious and social groups all organized their own institutions, with financial help from the government. These institutions included broadcasting. Although the system of pillarization largely collapsed in the 1970s, the broadcasting associationVoluntary association
A voluntary association or union is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement as volunteers to form a body to accomplish a purpose.Strictly speaking, in many jurisdictions no formalities are necessary to start an association...
s themselves have remained active. Most have several tens of thousands of members, and they are allocated broadcasting time on the public channels in proportion to the size of their memberships. In addition, a number of other broadcasting foundation
Foundation (charity)
A foundation is a legal categorization of nonprofit organizations that will typically either donate funds and support to other organizations, or provide the source of funding for its own charitable purposes....
s, established by the government, receive air time.
The system is financed from three sources:
- grant-in-aidGrant-in-aidA grant-in-aid is money coming from central government for a specific project. This kind of funding is usually used when the government and parliament have decided that the recipient should be publicly funded but operate with reasonable independence from the state.In the United Kingdom, most bodies...
payments from the government, raised from general taxation; - the income from on-air advertising, regulated by the Stichting Ether Reclame (STER), a public body;
- (a small proportion of the total) the dues paid by members of the broadcasting associations.
The broadcasting associations share three national television channels (Nederland 1
Nederland 1
Nederland 1 is the first national television station in the Netherlands, it was launched on 2 October 1951. It provides public broadcasting and currently exists next to sister channels Nederland 2 and 3. The several broadcasting organisations of the Publieke Omroep deliver programmes. A wide...
, Nederland 2
Nederland 2
Nederland 2 is a Dutch television channel, one of three alongside Nederland 1 and Nederland 3. It was established in October 1964 and tends to broadcast sports, light entertainment, news and current affairs programming....
, Nederland 3
Nederland 3
Nederland 3 is the third and youngest of the terrestrial television channels operated by the Dutch public-broadcasting organization NPO in the Netherlands and carries programs provided by member-based non-profit broadcasting associations. It is oriented towards children, youth and innovative...
) and five radio channels (Radio 1, Radio 2, 3FM
3FM
3FM is a Dutch radio station on the NPO which broadcasts popular music. It can be compared with BBC Radio 1.-History:3FM was created as Hilversum 3 by minister Maarten Vrolijk on 11 October 1965, to counterbalance the popular offshore station Radio Veronica...
, Radio 4, Radio 5). Each of these television channels have their own profile: thus Nederland 1 is oriented towards news, sport, and family programming, Nederland 2 towards culture, arts, politics, and religion, while Nederland 3 concentrates on youth and progressive programming.
There are also several provincial television channels, which are organized by the provinces
Provinces of the Netherlands
A Dutch province represents the administrative layer in between the national government and the local municipalities, having the responsibility for matters of subnational or regional importance. The government of each province consists of three major parts: the Provinciale Staten which is the...
| Full name | Abbreviation | License | Orientation | Website |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep | AVRO | Association A-level | liberal Liberalism Liberalism is the belief in the importance of liberty and equal rights. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally, liberals support ideas such as constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights,... /neutral |
avro.nl |
| Bart's Neverending Network BNN (television) BNN or Bart's Neverending Network is a Dutch public broadcasting association supported by the Netherlands Public Broadcasting. BNN was founded in 1997 by Bart de Graaff, Gerard Timmer & Frank Timmer, and targets teenage and young adult audiences... |
BNN | association B-level | youth Youth Youth is the time of life between childhood and adulthood . Definitions of the specific age range that constitutes youth vary. An individual's actual maturity may not correspond to their chronological age, as immature individuals could exist at all ages.-Usage:Around the world, the terms "youth",... |
bnn.nl |
| Evangelische Omroep Evangelische Omroep Evangelische Omroep is one of the twelve member-based broadcasting associations contributing to the Netherlands Public Broadcasting system. It has as its mission to bring people into contact with Jesus Christ and its statement of faith is a form of Evangelicalism... |
EO | association A-level | orthodox Protestant | eo.nl |
| Katholieke Radio Omroep KRO KRO, or Katholieke Radio Omroep , is a Dutch public broadcasting organization founded on 23 April 1925. Broadly Catholic in its spiritual outlook, KRO broadcasts the bulk of its television output on the Nederland 1 channel. KRO is also responsible for managing broadcasts made by the Catholic Church... |
KRO | association A-level | catholic Catholic The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"... |
kro.nl |
| Nederlandse Christelijke Radio Vereniging NCRV NCRV is a public radio and television broadcaster in the Netherlands, mostly transmitting on Nederland 1 and Nederland 2.... |
NCRV | association A-level | Protestant | ncrv.nl |
| Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting TROS TROS is a Dutch television and radio organization part of the Netherlands Public Broadcasting... |
TROS | association A-level | neutral/former commercial pirate | tros.nl |
| Vereniging van Arbeiders Radio Amateuren VARA (broadcaster) The Omroepvereniging VARA is a Dutch public broadcasting association operating within the framework of the Nederlandse Publieke Omroep system, founded in 1925 as the Vereeniging van Arbeiders Radio Amateurs... |
VARA | association A-level | social-democratic | omroep.vara.nl |
| Vrijzinnig Protestantse Radio Omroep VPRO The VPRO was established in the Netherlands in 1926 as a religious broadcasting organization. Falling under the Protestant pillar, it represented the Liberal Protestant current... |
VPRO | association A-level | liberal Liberalism Liberalism is the belief in the importance of liberty and equal rights. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally, liberals support ideas such as constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights,... (formerly liberal Protestant) |
vpro.nl |
| PowNed PowNed PowNed is a Dutch broadcaster, which broadcasts radio and television programmes on the Netherlands Public Broadcasting system. They air a daily satirical news show during the workweek called PowNews on Nederland 3, which often exposes scandals, especially in politics.The broadcaster is affiliated... |
Association C-level | rebellious/right wing (abbreviated of a controversial webblog) | powned.tv | |
| MAX | Association C-level | elderly | omroepmax.nl | |
| Nederlandse Omroep Stichting Nederlandse Omroep Stichting The Nederlandse Omroep Stichting , English: Netherlands Broadcasting Foundation, is one of the broadcasters in the Netherlands Public Broadcasting system... |
NOS | foundation | news | nos.nl |
| NTR NTR - Organizations :* National Transcontinental Railway, a historic Canadian railway* Omroep NTR, a Dutch public service broadcaster, created in 2010 by the merger of the Nederlandse Programma Stichting, 'Teleac and RVU* NTR plc, Irish infrastructure company... |
foundation | neutral | ntr.nl | |
| Boeddhistische Omroep Stichting | BOS | foundation | Buddhist | buddhistmedia.com |
| Humanistische Omroep | HO | foundation | Humanist Humanism Humanism is an approach in study, philosophy, world view or practice that focuses on human values and concerns. In philosophy and social science, humanism is a perspective which affirms some notion of human nature, and is contrasted with anti-humanism.... |
humanistischeomroep.nl |
| Interkerkelijke Omroep Nederland | IKON | foundation | nine small Christian churches | omroep.nl/ikon |
| Joodse Omroep | JO | foundation | Jewish | joodseomroep.nl |
| Nederlandse Islamitische Omroep | NIO | foundation | Islamic (conservative) | nioweb.nl |
| Nederlandse Moslim Omroep | NMO | foundation | Islamic (progressive) | nmo.nl |
| Organisatie Hindoe Media | OHM | foundation | Hindu Hindu Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion... |
ohmnet |
| Omrop Fryslân | OF | foundation | West Frisian language West Frisian language West Frisian is a language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland in the north of the Netherlands. West Frisian is the name by which this language is usually known outside the Netherlands, to distinguish it from the closely related Frisian languages of Saterland Frisian and North Frisian,... |
omropfryslan.nl |
| Rooms-Katholiek Kerkgenootschap | RKK | foundation | catholic Catholic The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"... (conservative) |
rkk.nl |
| Radio Volks Universiteit | RVU | foundation | neutral | rvu.nl |
| Zendtijd voor Politieke partijen | PP | foundation | political parties represented in the Dutch parliament | |
| WakkerNederland! | WNL | Association C-level | conservative/right wing (abbreviated of the tabloid newspaper 'de Telegraaf') | omroepwnl.nl |
| Zendtijd voor Kerken | ZvK | foundation | Church services | zvk.nl |
Commercial broadcasting
Commercial broadcastingCommercial broadcasting
Commercial broadcasting is the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship...
was banned until the late 1980s. In the 1970s, before they were allowed to join the public television system, Veronica
Veronica (television channel)
Veronica is a commercial TV channel in the Netherlands, owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media . Other channels of ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG in the Netherlands are SBS6 and NET 5....
and TROS
TROS
TROS is a Dutch television and radio organization part of the Netherlands Public Broadcasting...
had broadcast as off-shore pirate stations. In the 1980s the RTL Group
RTL Group
RTL Group is Europe's largest TV, radio and production company, and is majority-owned by German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. It has 45 television and 32 radio stations in 11 countries...
started broadcasting from Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
. In 1988 commercial broadcasting was legalized. Currently there are seven larger channels owned by two companies. RTL owns RTL 4
RTL 4
RTL 4 is a commercial television station in the Netherlands. It is the most-watched commercial station in the country, popular especially with those aged between 20 and 49. The station has three sister tv channels: RTL 5, RTL 7 and RTL 8...
, RTL 5
RTL 5
RTL 5 is the 2nd channel of the RTL Group in the Netherlands. The channel mainly broadcasts American films and hit series but also local productions including Jensen! and Holland's Next Top Model, a Dutch version of America's Next Top Model. RTL 5 recently started airing the Dutch version of...
, RTL 7 and RTL 8
RTL 8
RTL 8 is a commercial television station which launched in the Netherlands on 18 August 2007. The channel apperead by the former Tien, previously known as Talpa, which was launched in August 2005, and other assets of John de Mol's Talpa Media were amalgamated with RTL Nederland...
, while the finish publisher Sanoma and dutch television production company Talpa (formally SBS Broadcasting Group
SBS Broadcasting Group
SBS Broadcasting Group was a European broadcasting group, operating commercial television, premium pay channels, radio stations and related print businesses in Western and Central and Eastern Europe...
and ProSiebenSat.1 Media
ProSiebenSat.1 Media
ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG is a European media conglomerate, operating commercial television, premium pay channels, radio stations and related print businesses. It was formed on October 2, 2000 by merger of German TV broadcasters ProSieben Media AG and Sat.1 SatellitenFernsehen GmbH...
) own SBS 6, NET 5
NET 5
NET 5 is a commercial TV channel in the Netherlands owned by Sanoma and Talpa Holding . Other channels of the group in the Netherlands are SBS6 and Veronica.- History :...
and Veronica
Veronica (television channel)
Veronica is a commercial TV channel in the Netherlands, owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media . Other channels of ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG in the Netherlands are SBS6 and NET 5....
. There are also other networks present, offering speciality channels. Among them are Discovery Communications
Discovery Communications
Discovery Communications, Inc. is an American global media and entertainment company. The company started as a single channel in 1985, The Discovery Channel. Today, DCI has global operations offering 28 network entertainment brands on more than 100 channels in more than 180 countries in 39...
, MTV Networks Europe
MTV Networks Europe
MTV Networks Europe is a division of Viacom International Media Networks, a subsidiary of Viacom.MTV Networks Europe includes the multimedia entertainment brands: MTV, VH1, TMF, VIVA, Nickelodeon, Comedy Central and Nick Jr...
and Time Warner Inc.
Newspapers
- For a full list of newspapers see List of newspapers in the Netherlands
All newspapers are privately owned. They were historically linked to the pillarization system, with some titles having strong links to labour unions or political parties
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...
. These ties have all been severed now. Two companies play a large role: PCM Uitgevers
PCM Uitgevers
PCM Uitgevers was a Dutch publishing company. Until 2007 Apax Partners held a controlling stake in the company. In December 2009, it merged with De Persgroep to become De Persgroep Nederland...
, which owns several newspapers; and De Telegraaf
De Telegraaf
De Telegraaf is the largest Dutch daily morning newspaper, with a daily circulation of approximately . De Telegraaf is based in Amsterdam...
, which owns De Telegraaf (the largest paper) and Sp!ts, a free newspaper.
The most important papers are the rightwing orientated De Telegraaf
De Telegraaf
De Telegraaf is the largest Dutch daily morning newspaper, with a daily circulation of approximately . De Telegraaf is based in Amsterdam...
, the progressive liberal NRC Handelsblad
NRC Handelsblad
NRC Handelsblad, often abbreviated to NRC, is a daily evening newspaper published in the Netherlands by NRC Media. The newspaper was created on October 1, 1970, from merger of the Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant and Algemeen Handelsblad . In 2006 a morning newspaper, nrc•next, was launched...
, which also publishes nrc•next, the leftwing De Volkskrant
De Volkskrant
de Volkskrant is a national daily Dutch morning newspaper, the leading centre-left broadsheet, although now in tabloid size.-History:...
and the Protestant Trouw
Trouw
Trouw is a Dutch daily newspaper. "Trouw" is a Dutch word meaning "fidelity", "loyalty", or "allegiance", and is cognate with the English adjective "true"...
.
Smaller Protestant communities have their own paper, like the Nederlands Dagblad
Nederlands Dagblad
The Nederlands Dagblad is a Dutch newspaper, available throughout the country, with a daily circulation of about 33,000 issues in 2006. In 2000, the circulation was 32,000 issues....
and the Reformatorisch Dagblad
Reformatorisch Dagblad
The Reformatorisch Dagblad is a Dutch protestant newspaper with a circulation of around 60,000, headquartered in Apeldoorn. The conservative newspaper was founded in 1971 and is associated with the Reformed Political Party; it is one of only a handful daily national papers remaining in the...
. The business community has the Het Financieele Dagblad
Het Financieele Dagblad
Het Financieele Dagblad is a daily Dutch newspaper. It is focused on business and financial matters....
. A recent phenomenon are the widely read free newspapers Spits and the Metro
Metro International
Metro International is a Swedish media company based in Luxembourg that publishes the Metro newspapers. Metro International's advertising sales have grown at a compound annual growth rate of 41% since launch of the first newspaper edition in 1995. It is a freesheet, meaning that distribution is...
. There are also several local and regional newspapers. The Algemeen Dagblad
Algemeen Dagblad
The Algemeen Dagblad is a Dutch newspaper. Founded in Rotterdam in 1946, it currently has a daily circulation of 315,000. The newspaper is owned by AD NieuwsMedia, a joint venture between Wegener and PCM Uitgevers....
, the third largest paper, recently merged with several local papers to form a hybrid national-local paper.
Magazines
Magazines are also privately owned and historically connected to pillars: the main news magazines are the leftwing Vrij NederlandVrij Nederland
Vrij Nederland is a Dutch magazine which was established during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II as an underground newspaper but has since grown into a magazine. The weekly magazine is generally considered to be intellectually left-wing...
and De Groene Amsterdammer
De Groene Amsterdammer
De Groene Amsterdammer is an independent Dutch weekly newsmagazine published in Amsterdam and distributed throughout the Netherlands. It is conventionally considered to be one of the four most influential written media in its sector, along with HP/De Tijd, Vrij Nederland and Elsevier.- History and...
and the more rightwing Elsevier
Elsevier
Elsevier is a publishing company which publishes medical and scientific literature. It is a part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has operations in the United Kingdom, USA and elsewhere....
and HP/De Tijd
HP/De Tijd
HP/De Tijd is a Dutch weekly magazine, published by Audax Publishing. HP/De Tijd was founded in 1990, after a merger of the Haagse Post and De Tijd. It is conventionally considered to be one of the four most influential written media in its sector, along with De Groene Amsterdammer, Vrij Nederland...
.
Ca. 70 Dutch magazine
Magazine
Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles. They are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three...
s have been sold to and are now published by the Finnish
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
media group Sanoma. Apart from many typical Dutch ones like Margriet, Libelle and Nieuwe Revu these include a Disney
The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company is the largest media conglomerate in the world in terms of revenue. Founded on October 16, 1923, by Walt and Roy Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, Walt Disney Productions established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into...
magazine named after Donald Duck
Donald Duck
Donald Fauntleroy Duck is a cartoon character created in 1934 at Walt Disney Productions and licensed by The Walt Disney Company. Donald is an anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow-orange bill, legs, and feet. He typically wears a sailor suit with a cap and a black or red bow tie. Donald is most...
and the Dutch edition of Playboy
Playboy
Playboy is an American men's magazine that features photographs of nude women as well as journalism and fiction. It was founded in Chicago in 1953 by Hugh Hefner and his associates, and funded in part by a $1,000 loan from Hefner's mother. The magazine has grown into Playboy Enterprises, Inc., with...
.
