Lubsko
Encyclopedia
Lubsko ' is a town in Żary County
in the Lubusz Voivodeship
in western Poland
. It is the administrative seat of the Gmina Lubsko
and has a population of 15,370 as of February 1, 2005.
region was first documented in 1258 and received town privileges
by the Lusatian margrave Henry III of Wettin
in 1283. The name Sommerfeld, German for "summer field", already appeared in a 1106 deed allegedly issued by margrave Henry I of Wettin, who nevertheless had died three years before. The Wettin margraves sold the town to Brandenburg
in 1304. Given in pawn several times, Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg
finally granted Lubsko with Lower Lusatia to the Silesian Piast
duke Bolko II the Small. After Bolko's death in 1368 it was seized as a reverted fief by the Bohemian Crown
.
When the Brandenburg Elector Albert III Achilles of Hohenzollern
acquired the nearby Silesia
n towns of Krosno Odrzańskie
and Sulechów
in 1482, the adjacent Lubsko area too came into the possession of Brandenburg and was incorporated into of the Neumark
district. From 1816 on the town belonged to the Prussian
Province of Brandenburg
. In 1846 Sommerfeld received a station on the railway line connecting Berlin
with Breslau (Wrocław). At the Potsdam Conference
in 1945 after the end of World War II
, the town became part of Poland and officially received the Polish name Lubsko.
Empress Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein
was born in Dolzig Palace (Dłużek, part of modern Lubsko) in 1858. The neurologist Alfred Goldscheider
was born in Sommerfeld in the same year. Gerhard Domagk
attended school in Sommerfeld until he was 14; the scientist would later win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
in 1939. The actress Joanna Brodzik
attended elementary school in Lubsko in the 1980s. Ewelina Flinta
the Polish singer was born here.
, Poland Forst (Lausitz), Germany Vlotho
, Germany Helsinge
, Denmark Pavlohrad
, Ukraine
Zary County
Żary County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland, on the German border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Żary, which...
in the Lubusz Voivodeship
Lubusz Voivodeship
- Administrative division :Lubusz Voivodeship is divided into 14 counties : 2 city counties and 12 land counties. These are further divided into 83 gminas....
in western Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
. It is the administrative seat of the Gmina Lubsko
Gmina Lubsko
Gmina Lubsko is an urban-rural gmina in Żary County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Lubsko, which lies approximately north-west of Żary and south-west of Zielona Góra....
and has a population of 15,370 as of February 1, 2005.
History
The town in the historic Lower LusatiaLower Lusatia
Lower Lusatia is a historical region stretching from the southeast of the Brandenburg state of Germany to the southwest of the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland. Important towns beside the historic capital Lübben include Calau, Cottbus, Guben , Luckau, Spremberg, Finsterwalde, Senftenberg and Żary...
region was first documented in 1258 and received town privileges
German town law
German town law or German municipal concerns concerns town privileges used by many cities, towns, and villages throughout Central and Eastern Europe during the Middle Ages.- Town law in Germany :...
by the Lusatian margrave Henry III of Wettin
Henry III, Margrave of Meissen
Henry III, called Henry the Illustrious from the House of Wettin was Margrave of Meissen and last Margrave of Lusatia from 1221 until his death; from 1242 also Landgrave of Thuringia.-Life:Born probably at the Albrechtsburg residence in Meissen, Henry was the youngest son of Margrave Theodoric I...
in 1283. The name Sommerfeld, German for "summer field", already appeared in a 1106 deed allegedly issued by margrave Henry I of Wettin, who nevertheless had died three years before. The Wettin margraves sold the town to Brandenburg
Margraviate of Brandenburg
The Margraviate of Brandenburg was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806. Also known as the March of Brandenburg , it played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe....
in 1304. Given in pawn several times, Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV , born Wenceslaus , was the second king of Bohemia from the House of Luxembourg, and the first king of Bohemia to also become Holy Roman Emperor....
finally granted Lubsko with Lower Lusatia to the Silesian Piast
Silesian Piasts
The Silesian Piasts were the oldest line of the Piast dynasty beginning with Władysław II the Exile, son of Bolesław III Wrymouth, Duke of Poland...
duke Bolko II the Small. After Bolko's death in 1368 it was seized as a reverted fief by the Bohemian Crown
Kingdom of Bohemia
The Kingdom of Bohemia was a country located in the region of Bohemia in Central Europe, most of whose territory is currently located in the modern-day Czech Republic. The King was Elector of Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, whereupon it became part of the Austrian Empire, and...
.
When the Brandenburg Elector Albert III Achilles of Hohenzollern
Albert III, Elector of Brandenburg
Albert III , often known simply as Albert Achilles , was a Prince-elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg. He received the nickname Achilles because of his knightly qualities. He also ruled the Principality of Ansbach.-Early life:Albert was born the third son of Elector Frederick I in Tangermünde...
acquired the nearby Silesia
Silesia
Silesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław...
n towns of Krosno Odrzańskie
Krosno Odrzanskie
Krosno Odrzańskie is a city on the east bank of Oder River, at the confluence with the Bóbr. The town in Western Poland with 12,500 inhabitants is the capital of Krosno County...
and Sulechów
Sulechów
Sulechów is a town in Poland, in Lubusz Voivodeship, in Zielona Góra County. It is the administrative seat of the Gmina Sulechów.-History:The area by 990 had been conquered by Duke Mieszko I of Poland and from 1138 was part of the Duchy of Silesia....
in 1482, the adjacent Lubsko area too came into the possession of Brandenburg and was incorporated into of the Neumark
Neumark
Neumark comprised a region of the Prussian province of Brandenburg, Germany.Neumark may also refer to:* Neumark, Thuringia* Neumark, Saxony* Neumark * Nowe Miasto Lubawskie or Neumark, a town in Poland, situated at river Drwęca...
district. From 1816 on the town belonged to the Prussian
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
Province of Brandenburg
Province of Brandenburg
The Province of Brandenburg was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946.-History:The first people who are known to have inhabited Brandenburg were the Suevi. They were succeeded by the Slavonians, whom Henry II conquered and converted to Christianity in...
. In 1846 Sommerfeld received a station on the railway line connecting Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
with Breslau (Wrocław). At the Potsdam Conference
Potsdam Conference
The Potsdam Conference was held at Cecilienhof, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm Hohenzollern, in Potsdam, occupied Germany, from 16 July to 2 August 1945. Participants were the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States...
in 1945 after the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the town became part of Poland and officially received the Polish name Lubsko.
Notable people
The last GermanGerman Empire
The German Empire refers to Germany during the "Second Reich" period from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of the Emperor, Wilhelm II.The German...
Empress Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein
Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein
Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein was the last German Empress and Queen of Prussia. Her full German name was Auguste Victoria Friederike Luise Feodora Jenny von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.She was the eldest daughter of Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Princess...
was born in Dolzig Palace (Dłużek, part of modern Lubsko) in 1858. The neurologist Alfred Goldscheider
Alfred Goldscheider
Johannes Karl Eugen Alfred Goldscheider was a German neurologist who was born in Sommerfeld ....
was born in Sommerfeld in the same year. Gerhard Domagk
Gerhard Domagk
Gerhard Johannes Paul Domagk was a German pathologist and bacteriologist credited with the discovery of Sulfonamidochrysoidine – the first commercially available antibiotic – for which he received the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Domagk was born in Lagow, Brandenburg, the...
attended school in Sommerfeld until he was 14; the scientist would later win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the field of life science and medicine. It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will...
in 1939. The actress Joanna Brodzik
Joanna Brodzik
Joanna Honorata Brodzik is a Polish actress. She is most famous for her roles in two soap operas: Magda M...
attended elementary school in Lubsko in the 1980s. Ewelina Flinta
Ewelina Flinta
Ewelina Flinta is a Polish singer. She has performed at Przystanek Woodstock and Teatr Buffo. She rose to fame by coming second in the first season of the television show Idol.-Awards:...
the Polish singer was born here.
Twin towns
BrodyBrody, Zary County
Brody is a village in Żary County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, close to the German border. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Brody. It lies approximately north-west of Żary and west of Zielona Góra...
, Poland Forst (Lausitz), Germany Vlotho
Vlotho
Vlotho is a town in the district of Herford, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Vlotho is located along the Weser river, south of the Wiehengebirge, bordering on the Ravensberger Hügelland in the west, Lipperland in the south, and the Weserbergland in the east...
, Germany Helsinge
Helsinge, Denmark
Helsinge is the municipal seat of Gribskov municipality in Region Hovedstaden on Zealand in Denmark with a population of 7,881 ....
, Denmark Pavlohrad
Pavlohrad
Pavlohrad or Pavlograd is an indistrial city in eastern Ukraine, located within the Dnipropetrovs'ka oblast, and had a population of 118,800 in 2001. The rivers of Vovcha , Hnizdka , Kocherha flow through Pavlohrad. The area of the city is . There are 20 schools and 1 lyceum in the city.In 1930...
, Ukraine