Lommatzsch
Encyclopedia
Lommatzsch is a municipality located in the district of Meißen in the Free State of Saxony
, Germany
.
ic soil and therefore is mainly used agriculturally.
tribe (Daleminzier in German
), who about 800 settled here around the Glomuci sanctuary
, a now dry lake north of the town. Lommatzsch in the Margraviate of Meissen was first mentioned in a 1286 deed. On 12 August 1330, the Wettin margrave Frederick I
ceded to the Meissen burgrave
the tax receipts from the Lommatzsch citizens for having the right to brew
beer. A mayor and a board was mentioned in 1386, the council's constitution of 1412 ordered a mayor and 9 boardmembers. In 1423 Lommatzsch with the Meissen margraviate was merged into the Electorate of Saxony
under Wettin rule.
The current Saint Wenceslaus
parish church was erected from 1504 onwards, three Gothic
spikes were set on the tower of a predecessor building and a nave
was added. The town turned Protestant
in 1539, when Ambrosius Naumann became first evangelian pastor
. The town hall in its today size was erected from 1550 to 1555, the Saint Wenceslaus Church received its first tower clock in 1591. In 1607 and 1611 the town was heavily affected by plague epidemics, leaving 1350 dead, soon followed by the destructive Thirty Years' War
: after Elector John George I of Saxony
had sided with King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
, Lommatzsch was burnt down in 1632 by Albrecht von Wallenstein
's Imperial troops and again in 1645, after the Elector had switched sides, by Swedish
forces under General Lennart Torstenson
. Nevertheless Saxony rose quickly after the war. Under Elector Frederick Augustus I
, a Saxon stagecoach milestone
was erected on the market square.
Saxony
The Free State of Saxony is a landlocked state of Germany, contingent with Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, Bavaria, the Czech Republic and Poland. It is the tenth-largest German state in area, with of Germany's sixteen states....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
.
Geography
Lommatzsch lies amidst the so called Lommatzscher Pflege, an area of land that is featuring high quality loessLoess
Loess is an aeolian sediment formed by the accumulation of wind-blown silt, typically in the 20–50 micrometre size range, twenty percent or less clay and the balance equal parts sand and silt that are loosely cemented by calcium carbonate...
ic soil and therefore is mainly used agriculturally.
Subdivisions
Albertitz, Altlommatzsch, Altsattel, Arntitz, Barmenitz, Birmenitz, Churschütz, Daubnitz, Dennschütz, Dörschnitz, Grauswitz, Ickowitz, Jessen, Klappendorf, Krepta, Lautzschen, Löbschütz, Lommatzsch, Marschütz, Mögen, Neckanitz, Paltzschen, Petzschwitz, Piskowitz, Pitschütz, Poititz, Prositz, Rauba, Roitzsch, Scheerau, Schwochau, Sieglitz, Striegnitz, Trogen, Wachtnitz, Weitzschenhain, Wuhnitz, Zöthain, Zscheilitz.History
The town's name is derived from the West Slavic GlomaczeGlomacze
The Glomacze, also Golomacze or Dolomici - were Polabian Slavs inhabiting areas in the middle Elbe valley. Other West Slavic tribes such as the Milceni settled east of them. About 850 the Bavarian Geographer located their settlement area east of the Sorbs...
tribe (Daleminzier in German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
), who about 800 settled here around the Glomuci sanctuary
Sanctuary
A sanctuary is any place of safety. They may be categorized into human and non-human .- Religious sanctuary :A religious sanctuary can be a sacred place , or a consecrated area of a church or temple around its tabernacle or altar.- Sanctuary as a sacred place :#Sanctuary as a sacred place:#:In...
, a now dry lake north of the town. Lommatzsch in the Margraviate of Meissen was first mentioned in a 1286 deed. On 12 August 1330, the Wettin margrave Frederick I
Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen
Frederick I, called the Brave or the Bitten was margrave of Meissen and landgrave of Thuringia.-Life:...
ceded to the Meissen burgrave
Burgrave
A burgrave is literally the count of a castle or fortified town. The English form is derived through the French from the German Burggraf and Dutch burg- or burch-graeve .* The title is originally equivalent to that of castellan or châtelain, meaning keeper of a castle and/or fortified town...
the tax receipts from the Lommatzsch citizens for having the right to brew
Brewing
Brewing is the production of beer through steeping a starch source in water and then fermenting with yeast. Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BCE, and archeological evidence suggests that this technique was used in ancient Egypt...
beer. A mayor and a board was mentioned in 1386, the council's constitution of 1412 ordered a mayor and 9 boardmembers. In 1423 Lommatzsch with the Meissen margraviate was merged into the Electorate of Saxony
Electorate of Saxony
The Electorate of Saxony , sometimes referred to as Upper Saxony, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire. It was established when Emperor Charles IV raised the Ascanian duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg to the status of an Electorate by the Golden Bull of 1356...
under Wettin rule.
The current Saint Wenceslaus
Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia
Wenceslaus I , or Wenceslas I, was the duke of Bohemia from 921 until his assassination in 935, purportedly in a plot by his own brother, Boleslav the Cruel....
parish church was erected from 1504 onwards, three Gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
spikes were set on the tower of a predecessor building and a nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
was added. The town turned Protestant
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
in 1539, when Ambrosius Naumann became first evangelian pastor
Pastor
The word pastor usually refers to an ordained leader of a Christian congregation. When used as an ecclesiastical styling or title, this role may be abbreviated to "Pr." or often "Ps"....
. The town hall in its today size was erected from 1550 to 1555, the Saint Wenceslaus Church received its first tower clock in 1591. In 1607 and 1611 the town was heavily affected by plague epidemics, leaving 1350 dead, soon followed by the destructive Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
: after Elector John George I of Saxony
John George I, Elector of Saxony
John George I was Elector of Saxony from 1611 to 1656.-Biography:Born in Dresden, he was the second son of the Elector Christian I and Sophie of Brandenburg....
had sided with King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Gustav II Adolf has been widely known in English by his Latinized name Gustavus Adolphus Magnus and variously in historical writings also as Gustavus, or Gustavus the Great, or Gustav Adolph the Great,...
, Lommatzsch was burnt down in 1632 by Albrecht von Wallenstein
Albrecht von Wallenstein
Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein , actually von Waldstein, was a Bohemian soldier and politician, who offered his services, and an army of 30,000 to 100,000 men during the Danish period of the Thirty Years' War , to the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II...
's Imperial troops and again in 1645, after the Elector had switched sides, by Swedish
Swedish Empire
The Swedish Empire refers to the Kingdom of Sweden between 1561 and 1721 . During this time, Sweden was one of the great European powers. In Swedish, the period is called Stormaktstiden, literally meaning "the Great Power Era"...
forces under General Lennart Torstenson
Lennart Torstenson
Lennart Torstenson, Count of Ortala, Baron of Virestad , was a Swedish Field Marshal and military engineer.-Early career:He was born at Forstena in Västergötland - he always wrote his name Linnardt Torstenson...
. Nevertheless Saxony rose quickly after the war. Under Elector Frederick Augustus I
Augustus II the Strong
Frederick Augustus I or Augustus II the Strong was Elector of Saxony and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania ....
, a Saxon stagecoach milestone
Milestone
A milestone is one of a series of numbered markers placed along a road or boundary at intervals of one mile or occasionally, parts of a mile. They are typically located at the side of the road or in a median. They are alternatively known as mile markers, mileposts or mile posts...
was erected on the market square.
| Date | Things happened |
|---|---|
| 1814 | The church got a new organ. |
| 1849 | First newspaper the Lommatzscher Anzeiger cause by the revolution. |
| 1854 | A court Court A court is a form of tribunal, often a governmental institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law... was built. |
| 1857 | The Gewerbeverein was founded. |
| 1859 | Inauguration of the schools main building. |
| 1865 | Foundation of the Freiwillige Feuerwehr. |
| 1873 | Disunion of church and school, so now two schools are existing. |
| 1878 | Gymnasium was built. |
| 1877 | Railroad to Riesa Riesa Riesa is a town in the district of Meißen in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is located at the river Elbe, approx. 40 km northwest of Dresden.The world's first 110 kV power line was inaugurated between Riesa and Lauchhammer in 1912.... and 1880 to Nossen Nossen Nossen is a town in the district of Meißen, in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is part of the Dresden region, and located 80 km southeast of Leipzig. The town is dominated by a large Renaissance castle.- History :... was opened. |
| 1909 | A narrow-gauge railway the Schmalspurbahn to Meißen and 1911 to Döbeln Döbeln Döbeln is a town in the Free State of Saxony, Germany, part of the Mittelsachsen district, located at both banks of the river Freiberger Mulde.-History:It was founded in the 10th century, the first written proof of its existence dates back to the year 981.... was opened. |
| end of WWII | Front reached Lommatzsch. |
| 25. - 28. April 1945 | Lommatzsch was conquered by Sowjetunion |
| 29. April - 5. Mai | Lommatzsch was conquered back by the Germans. 36 by the population guilty called foreign workers and a thief (a 16 year old boy) were shot in front of the church by SS. After the defeat of Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union... , the SS abscond and the calamity of the red army befall us. |
Honorary citizen
- Robert VolkmannRobert VolkmannFriedrich Robert Volkmann was a German composer.-Life:He was born in Lommatzsch, Saxony, Germany. His father was a music director for a church, so he trained his son in music to prepare him as a successor...
, composer - Carl Menzel
- Gerhard MenzelGerhard MenzelGerhard Menzel was a German screenwriter. He wrote for 38 films between 1933 and 1965.He was born in Waldenburg, Germany and died in Comano, Switzerland.-Selected filmography:* Morgenrot...
- Terence HillTerence HillTerence Hill is an Italian actor. He is best known for starring in multiple action and western films together with his longtime filmpartner Bud Spencer.-Biography:...
, Filmstar - Rudolf Martick, acted about fifty years as a pianistPianistA pianist is a musician who plays the piano. A professional pianist can perform solo pieces, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers, solo instrumentalists, or other performers.-Choice of genres:...
and composerComposerA composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...
in the Robert-Volkmann-Chor in Lommatzsch