Lombard regional election, 2005
Encyclopedia
The Lombard regional election of 2005 took place on 3-4 April 2005. The 8th term of the Regional Council was chosen.
Roberto Formigoni
(Forza Italia
) was re-elected for the third time in a row President, defeating Riccardo Sarfatti
.
constituencies by proportional representation
using the largest remainder method
with a Droop quota
and open list
s; remained seats and votes are grouped at regional level where a Hare quota
is used, and then distributed to provincial party lists.
Sixteen councillors are elected at-large
using a general ticket
: parties are grouped in alliances, and the aliance which receives a plurality of votes elects all its candidates, its leader becoming the President of Lombardy
. If a coalition wins more than 50% of the total seats in the Council with PR, only 8 candidates from the regional list will be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 72; if the winning alliance receives less than 50% of votes, special seats are added to the Council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.
, the 64 Council seats which must be covered by proportional representation were so distributed between Lombard provinces.
It must be underlined that this allocation is not fixed. Remained seats and votes after proportional distribution, are all grouped at regional level and divided by party lists. The consequent division of these seats at provincial level usually change the original apportionment. Only 37 seats were directly assigned at provincial level, and the final distribution between provinces changed in this way.
As it can be seen, the Province of Sondrio
remained without representation.
's Roberto Formigoni
, supported by the center-right coalition.
If the mechanisms of electoral law generated a Regional Council
very similar to the incumbent one, popular vote marked a significant reduction in the gap between the two sides, which was almost halved. The same plurality party, Forza Italia
, decreased of more than four hundred preferences. The election was also the test for a list that led, within two years, to the national foundation of a new political entity, the Democratic Party
.
Forza Italia was confirmed as the largest party in the region with 26.0% of the vote, despite a decline in term of votes, while Lega Nord took the 15.8% and The Olive Tree, an alliance comprising The Daisy and the Democrats of the Left
, the 27.1%.
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left rowspan=2 valign=bottom|Candidates
!colspan="3" align="center" valign=top|Regional lists
!colspan="5" align="center" valign=top|Provincial lists
!colspan="2" align="center" valign=top|Total
|-
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
|align="center" valign=top|votes
|align="center" valign=top|%
|align="center" valign=top|seats
|align="center" valign=top|Parties
|align="center" valign=top|votes
|align="center" valign=top|%
|align="center" valign=top|swing
|align="center" valign=top|seats
|align="center" valign=top|party
|align="center" valign=top|group
|-
!rowspan="5" align="left" valign="top"|Roberto Formigoni
|rowspan="5" valign="top"|2,841,883
|rowspan="5" valign="top"|53.9
|rowspan="5" valign="top"|16
|align="left"| Forza Italia
| align=right|1,137,621
| align=right|26.0
| align=right|-7.8
| align=right|18
| align=right|25
| rowspan="5" align="right" valign="top"|52
|-
|align="left"| Lega Lombarda
–Lega Nord
| align=right|693,464
| align=right|15.8
| align=right|+0.4
| align=right|11
| align=right|15
|-
|align="left"| National Alliance
| align=right|380,962
| align=right|8.7
| align=right|-1.0
| align=right|5
| align=right|8
|-
|align="left"| Union of Christian and Centre Democrats
| align=right|166,761
| align=right|3.8
| align=right|-0.3
| align=right|2
| align=right|3
|-
|align="left"| others
| align=right|47,812
| align=right|1.1
| align=right|-0.1
| align=right|-
| align=right|1
|-
!rowspan="6" align="left" valign="top"|Riccardo Sarfatti
|rowspan="6" valign="top"|2,278,173
|rowspan="6" valign="top"|43.2
|rowspan="6" valign="top"|1
|align="left"| The Olive Tree
| align=right|1,186,848
| align=right|27.1
| align=right|+6.9
| align=right|19
| align=right|20
| rowspan="6" align="right" valign="top"|28
|-
|align="left"| Communist Refoundation Party
| align=right|248,703
| align=right|5.7
| align=right|-0.7
| align=right|3
| align=right|3
|-
|align="left"| Federation of the Greens
| align=right|128,060
| align=right|2.9
| align=right|+1.0
| align=right|2
| align=right|2
|-
|align="left"| Pensioners' Party
| align=right|115,481
| align=right|2.6
| align=right|+1.0
| align=right|1*
| align=right|1
|-
|align="left"| Party of Italian Communists
| align=right|104,481
| align=right|2.4
| align=right|+0.5
| align=right|1
| align=right|1
|-
|align="left"| Italy of Values
| align=right|61,431
| align=right|1.4
| align=right|+1.4
| align=right|1
| align=right|1
|-
!rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top"|Gianmario Invernizzi
|rowspan="2" valign="top"|142,807
|rowspan="2" valign="top"|2.7
|rowspan="2" valign="top"|-
|align="left"| Social Alternative
| align=right|54,937
| align=right|1.3
| align=right|+1.3
| align=right|-
| align=right|
| rowspan="2" align="right" valign="top"|
|-
|align="left"| others
| align=right|46,421
| align=right|1.1
| align=right|+1.1
| align=right|-
| align=right|
|-
!rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Marco Marsili
|rowspan="1" valign="top"|14,008
|rowspan="1" valign="top"|0.3
|rowspan="1" valign="top"|-
|align="left"| others
| align=right|11,579
| align=right|0.3
| align=right|-3.7
| align=right|-
| align=right|
| align=right|
|-
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
!rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Total candidates
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|5,276,871
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|100.0
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|17
!rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Total parties
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|4,384,561
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|100.0
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|=
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|63
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|80
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|80
|}
* Pensioners
gave a seat to Sarfatti. Source: Ministry of the Interior
Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician, and the current President of Lombardy Region, Italy.-Life and career:Graduated in Philosophy at the Catholic University of Milan, he studied political economy at the Sorbonne, in Paris....
(Forza Italia
Forza Italia
Forza Italia was a liberal-conservative, Christian democratic, and liberal political party in Italy, with a large social democratic minority, that was led by Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy....
) was re-elected for the third time in a row President, defeating Riccardo Sarfatti
Riccardo Sarfatti
Riccardo Sarfatti was an Italian architect, entrepreneur and politician.-Life:Sarfatti was married and had three children, He graduated in architecture from Politecnico di Milano in 1965, and was an assistant professor of Urban Planning, Ordinary of the same Polytechnic Institute and professor...
.
Electoral law
Lombardy uses national Tatarella Law of 1995 to elect its Council, not having wrote its own legislation. Sixty-four councillors are elected in provincialProvinces of Italy
In Italy, a province is an administrative division of intermediate level between a municipality and a region .-Overview:...
constituencies by proportional representation
Proportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
using the largest remainder method
Largest remainder method
The largest remainder method is one way of allocating seats proportionally for representative assemblies with party list voting systems...
with a Droop quota
Droop Quota
The Droop quota is the quota most commonly used in elections held under the Single Transferable Vote system. It is also sometimes used in elections held under the largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation . In an STV election the quota is the minimum number of votes a...
and open list
Open list
Open list describes any variant of party-list proportional representation where voters have at least some influence on the order in which a party's candidates are elected...
s; remained seats and votes are grouped at regional level where a Hare quota
Hare quota
The Hare quota is a formula used under some forms of the Single Transferable Vote system and the largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation...
is used, and then distributed to provincial party lists.
Sixteen councillors are elected at-large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...
using a general ticket
General ticket
General ticket representation is a term used to describe a particular method of electing members of a multi-member state delegation to the United States House of Representatives...
: parties are grouped in alliances, and the aliance which receives a plurality of votes elects all its candidates, its leader becoming the President of Lombardy
President of Lombardy
The President of Lombardy is the supreme authority of Lombardy, the most populated Region of Italy.-Election:Originally appointed by the Regional Council of Lombardy, since 1995 de facto and 2000 de jure, he is elected by popular vote every five years under universal suffrage: the candidate who...
. If a coalition wins more than 50% of the total seats in the Council with PR, only 8 candidates from the regional list will be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 72; if the winning alliance receives less than 50% of votes, special seats are added to the Council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.
Council apportionment
According to the official 2001 Italian censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, the 64 Council seats which must be covered by proportional representation were so distributed between Lombard provinces.
| BG Province of Bergamo The Province of Bergamo is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. It has a population of 1,098,740 , an area of 2,722.86 square km, and contains 244 comuni... |
BS Province of Brescia The Province of Brescia is a Province in Lombardy, Italy. It borders with the province of Sondrio in the N and NW, the province of Bergamo in the W, province of Cremona in the SW and S, the province of Mantova to the S, and to the east, the province of Verona and Trentino .Source for statistical... |
CO Province of Como The Province of Como is a province in the north of the Lombardy region of Italy and borders the Swiss cantons of Ticino and Grigioni to the North, the Italian provinces of Sondrio and Lecco to the East, the Province of Milan to the south and the Province of Varese to the West... |
CR Province of Cremona The Province of Cremona is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Cremona.The province has an area of 1,771 km² and in 2008 census, had a population of 358,628. There are 115 comuni... |
LC Province of Lecco The Province of Lecco is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lecco.On 1 January 2001 the province had a population of 311,452 on a surface of 816 km² divided in 90 communes... |
LO Province of Lodi The Province of Lodi is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lodi.It has an area of 782 km², and a total population of 209,874 . There are 61 comuni in the province . As of May 31, 2005, the main comuni by population are:- External links :... |
MN | MI Province of Milan The Province of Milan : /) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Milan. The provincial territory is highly urbanized, resulting in the third highest population density among the Italian provinces with more than 2,000 inhabitants/km2, just behind the provinces of... |
MB | PV Province of Pavia The Province of Pavia is a province in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy. Pavia is the capital.It has an area of 2,965 km², and a total population of 493,753... |
SO Province of Sondrio The Province of Sondrio is in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the town of Sondrio.It has an area of 3,212 km², and a total population of 176,856... |
VA Province of Varese The Province of Varese is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Varese but its largest city is Busto Arsizio.... |
total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 21 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 64 |
It must be underlined that this allocation is not fixed. Remained seats and votes after proportional distribution, are all grouped at regional level and divided by party lists. The consequent division of these seats at provincial level usually change the original apportionment. Only 37 seats were directly assigned at provincial level, and the final distribution between provinces changed in this way.
| BG Province of Bergamo The Province of Bergamo is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. It has a population of 1,098,740 , an area of 2,722.86 square km, and contains 244 comuni... |
BS Province of Brescia The Province of Brescia is a Province in Lombardy, Italy. It borders with the province of Sondrio in the N and NW, the province of Bergamo in the W, province of Cremona in the SW and S, the province of Mantova to the S, and to the east, the province of Verona and Trentino .Source for statistical... |
CO Province of Como The Province of Como is a province in the north of the Lombardy region of Italy and borders the Swiss cantons of Ticino and Grigioni to the North, the Italian provinces of Sondrio and Lecco to the East, the Province of Milan to the south and the Province of Varese to the West... |
CR Province of Cremona The Province of Cremona is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Cremona.The province has an area of 1,771 km² and in 2008 census, had a population of 358,628. There are 115 comuni... |
LC Province of Lecco The Province of Lecco is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lecco.On 1 January 2001 the province had a population of 311,452 on a surface of 816 km² divided in 90 communes... |
LO Province of Lodi The Province of Lodi is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lodi.It has an area of 782 km², and a total population of 209,874 . There are 61 comuni in the province . As of May 31, 2005, the main comuni by population are:- External links :... |
MN | MI Province of Milan The Province of Milan : /) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Milan. The provincial territory is highly urbanized, resulting in the third highest population density among the Italian provinces with more than 2,000 inhabitants/km2, just behind the provinces of... |
MB | PV Province of Pavia The Province of Pavia is a province in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy. Pavia is the capital.It has an area of 2,965 km², and a total population of 493,753... |
SO Province of Sondrio The Province of Sondrio is in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the town of Sondrio.It has an area of 3,212 km², and a total population of 176,856... |
VA Province of Varese The Province of Varese is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Varese but its largest city is Busto Arsizio.... |
total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +1 | +1 | -1 | = | = | = | -1 | +2 | -1 | -1 | -1 | = | -1 |
As it can be seen, the Province of Sondrio
Province of Sondrio
The Province of Sondrio is in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the town of Sondrio.It has an area of 3,212 km², and a total population of 176,856...
remained without representation.
Results
2005 election led to the return to the guide of the Region, for its third consecutive term, Communion and LiberationCommunion and Liberation
Communion and Liberation, or CL, is a lay ecclesial movement within the Catholic Church.-Overview:CL grew out of the educational and catechetical methods of Msgr. Luigi Giussani, who founded the movement...
's Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician, and the current President of Lombardy Region, Italy.-Life and career:Graduated in Philosophy at the Catholic University of Milan, he studied political economy at the Sorbonne, in Paris....
, supported by the center-right coalition.
If the mechanisms of electoral law generated a Regional Council
Regional Council
Regional Council or regional council may refer to the following:*Regional Council *Regional Council, Hong Kong*Regional council *Regional Council - the Parliament of a Regione of Italy*Regional councils in New Zealand...
very similar to the incumbent one, popular vote marked a significant reduction in the gap between the two sides, which was almost halved. The same plurality party, Forza Italia
Forza Italia
Forza Italia was a liberal-conservative, Christian democratic, and liberal political party in Italy, with a large social democratic minority, that was led by Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy....
, decreased of more than four hundred preferences. The election was also the test for a list that led, within two years, to the national foundation of a new political entity, the Democratic Party
Democratic Party (Italy)
The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election....
.
Forza Italia was confirmed as the largest party in the region with 26.0% of the vote, despite a decline in term of votes, while Lega Nord took the 15.8% and The Olive Tree, an alliance comprising The Daisy and the Democrats of the Left
Democrats of the Left
The Democrats of the Left was a social-democratic Italian political party and part of the Olive Tree electoral coalition, which merged with a number of centrist and leftist groups to form the Democratic Party on 14 October 2007...
, the 27.1%.
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left rowspan=2 valign=bottom|Candidates
!colspan="3" align="center" valign=top|Regional lists
!colspan="5" align="center" valign=top|Provincial lists
!colspan="2" align="center" valign=top|Total
|-
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
|align="center" valign=top|votes
|align="center" valign=top|%
|align="center" valign=top|seats
|align="center" valign=top|Parties
|align="center" valign=top|votes
|align="center" valign=top|%
|align="center" valign=top|swing
|align="center" valign=top|seats
|align="center" valign=top|party
|align="center" valign=top|group
|-
!rowspan="5" align="left" valign="top"|Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician, and the current President of Lombardy Region, Italy.-Life and career:Graduated in Philosophy at the Catholic University of Milan, he studied political economy at the Sorbonne, in Paris....
|rowspan="5" valign="top"|2,841,883
|rowspan="5" valign="top"|53.9
|rowspan="5" valign="top"|16
|align="left"| Forza Italia
Forza Italia
Forza Italia was a liberal-conservative, Christian democratic, and liberal political party in Italy, with a large social democratic minority, that was led by Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy....
| align=right|1,137,621
| align=right|26.0
| align=right|-7.8
| align=right|18
| align=right|25
| rowspan="5" align="right" valign="top"|52
|-
|align="left"| Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region....
–Lega Nord
| align=right|693,464
| align=right|15.8
| align=right|+0.4
| align=right|11
| align=right|15
|-
|align="left"| National Alliance
National Alliance (Italy)
National Alliance was a conservative political party in Italy.Gianfranco Fini was the leader of the party since its foundation in 1995, however he stepped down in 2008 after being elected to the nominally non-partisan post of President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and was succeeded by...
| align=right|380,962
| align=right|8.7
| align=right|-1.0
| align=right|5
| align=right|8
|-
|align="left"| Union of Christian and Centre Democrats
| align=right|166,761
| align=right|3.8
| align=right|-0.3
| align=right|2
| align=right|3
|-
|align="left"| others
| align=right|47,812
| align=right|1.1
| align=right|-0.1
| align=right|-
| align=right|1
|-
!rowspan="6" align="left" valign="top"|Riccardo Sarfatti
Riccardo Sarfatti
Riccardo Sarfatti was an Italian architect, entrepreneur and politician.-Life:Sarfatti was married and had three children, He graduated in architecture from Politecnico di Milano in 1965, and was an assistant professor of Urban Planning, Ordinary of the same Polytechnic Institute and professor...
|rowspan="6" valign="top"|2,278,173
|rowspan="6" valign="top"|43.2
|rowspan="6" valign="top"|1
|align="left"| The Olive Tree
| align=right|1,186,848
| align=right|27.1
| align=right|+6.9
| align=right|19
| align=right|20
| rowspan="6" align="right" valign="top"|28
|-
|align="left"| Communist Refoundation Party
Communist Refoundation Party
The Communist Refoundation Party is a communist Italian political party. Its current secretary is Paolo Ferrero....
| align=right|248,703
| align=right|5.7
| align=right|-0.7
| align=right|3
| align=right|3
|-
|align="left"| Federation of the Greens
Federation of the Greens
The Federation of the Greens is a green political party in Italy, which includes also a large eco-socialist faction. Since 2009 the party leader is Angelo Bonelli.-Early years:...
| align=right|128,060
| align=right|2.9
| align=right|+1.0
| align=right|2
| align=right|2
|-
|align="left"| Pensioners' Party
Pensioners' Party (Italy)
The Pensioners' Party is a centrist Italian political party. It was founded in 1987 in Milan and its current leader is Carlo Fatuzzo....
| align=right|115,481
| align=right|2.6
| align=right|+1.0
| align=right|1*
| align=right|1
|-
|align="left"| Party of Italian Communists
Party of Italian Communists
The Party of Italian Communists is a communist political party in Italy. Its long-time leader is Oliviero Diliberto.-Foundation and early years:...
| align=right|104,481
| align=right|2.4
| align=right|+0.5
| align=right|1
| align=right|1
|-
|align="left"| Italy of Values
Italy of Values
Italy of Values is a centrist, populist and anti-corruption political party in Italy. The party, which is affiliated to the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party , is headed by former Mani pulite prosecutor Antonio Di Pietro, who entered politics in 1996.The party aims to gather and give...
| align=right|61,431
| align=right|1.4
| align=right|+1.4
| align=right|1
| align=right|1
|-
!rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top"|Gianmario Invernizzi
|rowspan="2" valign="top"|142,807
|rowspan="2" valign="top"|2.7
|rowspan="2" valign="top"|-
|align="left"| Social Alternative
| align=right|54,937
| align=right|1.3
| align=right|+1.3
| align=right|-
| align=right|
| rowspan="2" align="right" valign="top"|
|-
|align="left"| others
| align=right|46,421
| align=right|1.1
| align=right|+1.1
| align=right|-
| align=right|
|-
!rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Marco Marsili
|rowspan="1" valign="top"|14,008
|rowspan="1" valign="top"|0.3
|rowspan="1" valign="top"|-
|align="left"| others
| align=right|11,579
| align=right|0.3
| align=right|-3.7
| align=right|-
| align=right|
| align=right|
|-
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
!rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Total candidates
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|5,276,871
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|100.0
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|17
!rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Total parties
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|4,384,561
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|100.0
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|=
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|63
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|80
!rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|80
|}
* Pensioners
Pensioners' Party (Italy)
The Pensioners' Party is a centrist Italian political party. It was founded in 1987 in Milan and its current leader is Carlo Fatuzzo....
gave a seat to Sarfatti. Source: Ministry of the Interior